一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)歸納總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞一般用原形，若主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，則動(dòng)詞加詞尾-s或-es，具體變化規(guī)則如下(與名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則大致一樣)：1. 一般情況下由動(dòng)詞后加-s構(gòu)成。如：workworks 工作 readreads 讀 looklooks 看comecomes 來 livelives 居住 listenlistens 聽2. 以s, x, z, sh, ch 以及字母o結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，后加-es。如：gu

2、essguesses 猜 mixmixes 混和 gogoes 去finishfinishes 完成 catchcatches 抓住 3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i 再加-es。如：flyflies 飛行 studystudies 學(xué)習(xí) carrycarries 帶，扛一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用動(dòng)詞的原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，則在動(dòng)詞原形式后加s 或es 。如：Tom often helps his parents do housework at home.湯姆在家經(jīng)常邦助父母做家務(wù)。 Sometimes Lucy washes her clothes herself.有時(shí)候露西親

3、自洗她的衣服。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。與often , always ,usually , sometimes , once a week , every day 等表示頻度的副詞或時(shí)間狀詞連用。如：I often go to school by bike. 我經(jīng)常騎自行車去上學(xué)。2) 表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。 如：The earth goes around the sun .地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3）在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如：If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the park.如果明天下雨，我們就不

4、去公園了。When I grow up, I will go to America.當(dāng)我長(zhǎng)大以后，我將去美國(guó)。4）在某些以here , there 開頭的句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如： There goes the bell .鈴響了。（3）與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的有時(shí)間狀語1）表示頻度的副詞always , often , usually , sometimes 等。2）on Sandy, on Monday afternoon, every day , in the morning, every year 等時(shí)間狀詞。3）once a year, twice a month , thr

5、ee times a week之類的表示頻率的詞組。2.一般過去時(shí)（1）一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成：一般過去時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的過去式表示。Last week Tom made a model plane with his friend Jack.上周湯姆和他的朋友杰克做了一個(gè)飛機(jī)模型。（2）一般過去時(shí)的用法1）表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：I got up at six this morning.今天早上我六點(diǎn)起床。We visited the factory last week.上周我們參觀了那個(gè)工廠。2）表示過去習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：When I was in the countryside

6、, I often swam in the river.當(dāng)我在下鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，我常常在河里游泳。（3）和一般過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語Last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, in the past, the other day, at that time, just now 等。（4）動(dòng)詞過去式分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。不規(guī)則變化需逐個(gè)記憶，規(guī)則變化遵循以下原則：(1) 一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞后加 -ed 構(gòu)成：workworked 工作laughlaughed 笑seemseemed 似乎looklooked 看jumpjumpe

7、d 跳playplayed 玩(2) 在以-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加 -d：closeclosed 關(guān)likeliked 喜歡agreeagreed 同意(3) 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將 y 改為i 再加-ed：studystudied 學(xué)習(xí)carrycarried 帶，扛trytried 試，設(shè)法(4) 以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ed：stopstopped停止dropdropped 掉下preferpreferred 寧愿 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“主語+am / is / are +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。

8、否定形式：主語+am / is / are +not +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。疑問形式“Am / Is /Are +主語+ 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞?？隙ɑ卮穑篩es ,主語+am / is / are .否定回答：Not , 主語+am / is /are + not .(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1）表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：What are you doing ? 你在做什么？-I am reading English. 我正在讀英語。2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。如：They are studying hard his term.他們這學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)一直很努力。3）go , leave, arr

9、ive , start等動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。如：I am going to Beijing this Sunday.本周日我打算去北京。4) 當(dāng)時(shí)間狀詞為now , there days 等時(shí)或當(dāng)句子中含有l(wèi)ook , listen ,can you see ,cant you see 之類的暗示詞時(shí)，要使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。但應(yīng)注意下列這些動(dòng)詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。a. 表示感覺的動(dòng)詞，如see, hear等。b. 表示喜歡或厭惡的動(dòng)詞，如like, love 等。c. 表示希望的動(dòng)詞，如want, would like 等。d. 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如：be 等。e.表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如

10、：have 等。f. 表示思維、知識(shí)或理解能力的動(dòng)詞，如：know, forget 等。4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語then ,at that time , this time yesterday ,at ten yesterday等連用，或用另一動(dòng)作來表示過去的進(jìn)間。如：-What were you doing at nine last night?-I was watching TV at that time.昨天晚上九點(diǎn)你在干什么？那時(shí)我正在看電視。He was reading when I came in. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí)，他

11、正在讀書。I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV.當(dāng)父母看電視的時(shí)候，我正在做作業(yè)。（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常和always 等時(shí)間副詞連用時(shí)，表示過去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。如：Alice was always changing her mind. 艾麗絲總含有在改變主意。（3）注意在含有when或while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的運(yùn)用。1) 主句中的動(dòng)作先于從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，且進(jìn)行的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，主句用過去時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)（從句常用一般過去時(shí)）。2）從句中的動(dòng)作先于從句中的動(dòng)作

12、發(fā)生，且進(jìn)行的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，從句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（主語用一般過去時(shí)）。3）若主、從句動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間不存在先后關(guān)系（即同時(shí)發(fā)生）或無所謂先后時(shí)，主從句可同時(shí)使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，此時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句一般由while 來引導(dǎo)。5. 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成1 一般情況下直接加ing think-thinking sleep-sleeping study-studying speak-speaking say-saying2 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，去掉字母e，再加ingmake-making come-coming take-taking leave-leavingwake-waking have-having3以重讀

13、閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn)“輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing stop-stopping sit-sitting run-running forget-forgetting 4 以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把ie改為y ，再加ing die-dy lie-lying5以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn)“輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing 。初中學(xué)過的這類詞有：bigin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。travel雖然重

14、讀第一音節(jié)，詞尾音節(jié)不重讀，但是現(xiàn)在分詞仍要雙寫末尾輔音字母，然后再加ing，如：travel-travelling.初中階段此類詞只有這一個(gè)。練習(xí)：一、單項(xiàng)填空1. There _many students in the library after school every day.A. has B. have C. is D. are 2. The football team played well, but they didnt _the competition.A. score B. do C. succeed D. win 3. They _her to the party, so

15、she was very happy.A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting 4. Diana, together with her friends, _Chinese in China.A. study B. have studied C. studies D. are studying 5. They had to _the 800meter race because of the bad weather.A. put on B. put off C. get on D. get up 6. This silk dress _

16、 so smooth. Its made in China. A. tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels 7. My friend_ me. I have to leave now.A. waits for B. waited for C. is waiting for D. was waiting for 8. Mike didnt get wet because his teacher _ him an umbrella.A. lent B. discovered C. borrowed D. taught 9. -Shush, be quiet! The

17、 baby _in the next room. -OK, Sorry.A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. is sleeping 10.-Hi , Tony. The milk shake _good! -Im glad you like it.A. sounds B. falls C. goes D. tastes 11. He _his bicycle when it began to rain.A. was riding B. is riding C. has ridden D. rides 12. -What does your sister like do

18、ing in her spare time? -She _watching TV.A. likes B. liked C. has liked D. had liked 13. -What a nice model ship! -Thank you, It _me three days to make it.A. paid B. spent C. took D. wasted 14. -Can I help you? -I bought this watch here yesterday, but it _work.A. wont B. didnt C. doesnt D. wouldnt 1

19、5.-Dinner is ready , Help yourself ! -Wow! It _delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it?A. tastes B. looks C. sounds D. feels 16. The summer vacation will begin next week. David _ to stay with us.A. will be coming B. comes C. came D. is coming 17. I_on the computer when Jim came to see me

20、yesterday evening.A. draw B. drew C. was drawing D. am drawing 18. -Where is Frank now? -He _his bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed 19. Hell send us a message as soon as he _in Sichuan.A. is arriving B. will arrive C. arrived D. arrives 20. The children _ a P.E. class

21、 on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.A. have B. are having C. had D. were having 21. -Did you see a girl in white pass by just now? -No, sir .I _a newspaper.A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading 22. Again and again the doctor _the crying girl, but he couldnt find out what w

22、as wrong with her.A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out 23. The teacher told the students that the earth _round, not flat.A. was B. is C. has been D. is being 24. He turned off the light and then _the classroom.A. leaves B. will leave C. is leaving D. left 25. Coffee is ready .H

23、ow nice it _ ! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels 26. Oh, the milk _strange. Do you think its OK to drink?A. was tasted B. tasted C. is tasting D. tastes 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Whatthey often(do) on Saturdays? 2. She and I (take) a walk together every evening. 3. Mike(like) cooki

24、ng. 4. You always(do) your homework well. 5. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 6. The child often(watch) TV in the evening. 7. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term. 8.What day(be) it today? Its Saturday.9. My father always _(come) back from work very late.10. The teacher is busy.

25、He _ (sleep) six hours a day.11. Listen! Joan _(sing) in the classroom. She often _ (sing) there.12. _ your brother _(know) Japanese?13. Where _ you _ (have) lunch every day?14. The girl _(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She _(wear) a red skirt today.15.What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.16. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.17. Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin.18. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).19. Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass.20. Listen, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there.21. While we _ (wait) for the bus,