【初中英語(yǔ)】語(yǔ)法助詞篇

1、助動(dòng)詞用法講解：助動(dòng)詞一般沒(méi)有詞意，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。其作用在于 幫助構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、否定、疑問(wèn)等。定義動(dòng)旬的版助動(dòng)網(wǎng)should第域理電才 港本詞義與$七則到nut奮同構(gòu)成否定的統(tǒng)博N種電制看件上安滿(mǎn)但京丁學(xué)程使町1.助動(dòng)詞 be(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)的用法1) be后跟現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。Who is playing the violin? 誰(shuí)在拉小提琴 ？She was reading a book then.那時(shí)她正在讀書(shū)。(2)be后跟過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。He was asked to do the work.有人要他干這

2、件工作。You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀請(qǐng)你參力口會(huì)議。(3)be后跟不定式作謂語(yǔ)，有如下幾種情況:表示計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的事。Who are we to meet? 我們要見(jiàn)誰(shuí)呀Im to have supper with John this afternoon. 今天下午我要與約翰一起吃晚飯。表示指示、命令，否定式表禁止。You are to see the headmaster today. 今天你必須去見(jiàn)校長(zhǎng)。You are not to enter the room without permission.未經(jīng)允許你不能進(jìn)入房間。表示

3、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等，同 should o You are to be back before 5. 你得在5點(diǎn)鐘以前回來(lái)。What is to be done? 該干什么。表示可能性，與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, can同義。Such books are to be found in any library. 這種書(shū)任何圖書(shū)館都有。Not a sound was to be heard. 一點(diǎn)聲響也沒(méi)有。表示后來(lái)發(fā)生的事，可以用來(lái)表示命運(yùn)或注定 TOC o 1-5 h z They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.

4、他們告別了，沒(méi)想到再也不能相見(jiàn)了。 He was to regret the decision. 他有一天會(huì)后悔做出這一決定的。用于習(xí)語(yǔ)Where am I to go? 我該向何處去?What am I to do? 我該怎么辦?的用法. 助動(dòng)詞 have(has, had, having) (1)助動(dòng)詞 have 可以構(gòu)成完成時(shí)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)He has been a doctor for 10 years. 他當(dāng)醫(yī)生十年了。 This is the place I have been longing to visit. 這就是我一直渴望參觀(guān)的地方。(2)和不定式構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示客觀(guān)上不得不做

5、的事情。 Weve missed the train.Well have to wait for another one. 我們己經(jīng)誤了火車(chē)，我們只能等下一列。-Do we have to start work? 我們得立刻工作嗎?-No. We dont have to. 不，不必了。.do(does, did) 的用法(1)構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句或否定句How did you know about it? 你是怎樣知道這件事的。 He does not smoke. 他不抽煙。(2)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。He did tell that. 他的確告訴了此事。Do come and see us. 一定來(lái)看我們。(

6、3)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞，避免重復(fù)。你喜歡流行音樂(lè)，是吧?-You like popular music, dont you?-Yes , I do. 是的，我喜歡。He speaks French as fluently as she does. 他講法語(yǔ)和她講的一樣流利。(4)用于倒裝句中。Never did he pay attention to my words. 他從不注意我的話(huà)。Only then did I understand the importance of English. 只是那時(shí)，我才了解到英語(yǔ)的重要性。(5)構(gòu)成否定的祈使句。Dont be so careless.

7、 不要那么粗心。Do not hesitate to come for help. 只管來(lái)求助。4.shall(should) 和 will(would) 的用法(1)shall(should) 用于第一人稱(chēng)的將來(lái)時(shí)中I shall think it over. 我要好好考慮一下。When shall I see you again? 我何時(shí)再見(jiàn)到你?I rang up to tell her that I should leave for London.我打電話(huà)告訴她我要去倫敦。(2)will 用于第二、第三人稱(chēng)的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)中，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中可以用于所有人稱(chēng)他下月將是30 歲。He will be 30 next month.Y