21世紀(jì) 大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二冊Unit4

1、 Unit 4 Text A Turning failure into successI. Teaching Objectives1. Understand the audio materials of this unit.2. Grasp the key words , phrases and structure.3. Master the skills of writing and reading in this unit.A) An Effective Way of ArgumentationReading between the linesB)II. Teaching Content1

2、. Lead-in Activities2. Text Organization3. Skill Learning in Writing and Reading4. Language Points (key words, phrases and difficult sentences)5. Grammar Focus (“as if”6. Guided Practice ( exercises, oral practice and group work )III. Teaching Process1. Warm-up Questions/ActivityIntroduction remarks

3、:What is success? Some people seem to sail easily through life, overcoming every obstacle theyencounter with ease. Then there are those manage to avoid most difficulties, by limiting theirexperience to whats familiar and easy, and never trying anything new. Are these people successful?Should we all

4、envy them, admire them, imitate them? The texts in this unit take a differentapproach to success. Text A looks into the psychology of success, and comes to the conclusion thatone of the most essential ingredients in success isfailure!Questions:What kinds of people are successful? List some successfu

5、l people. Did they all sail through lifeeasily?Is success necessarily good? What kinds of success can be harmful ?Can you recall any failurethat upset you? What effect did that failure have on you ? What have you learned from failure ?Is failure necessarily bad?How can we turn failure into success?(

6、people who have a lot of money, have an important orpowerful job, have a happy family life; famous actors, singers; famous politicians, scientists)No, certain kinds of success are damaging or destructive.What are they according to the text? 1. Success that comes too early 2. Success that comes too e

7、asily3. Success that is achieved at the cost of the total quality of an xperience. Never pleasant, a naturalfeeling of disappointment , A nervous breakdown, Feeling depressedWhat can we learn from failure? We can learn to face defeat with courage.A failure can prompt fresh thinking, a change of dire

8、ction, We can learn to use it to make apositive contribution to our life.Is failure necessarily bad? No, what you have learned from failure will lead you to success. In thelong run, it may prove beneficial. How can we turn failure into success ?2. Text OrganizationThe text can be divided into 5 part

9、s:Part One.(para1) Beginning introduce an extreme example of a common henomenon offailurePart Two.(para2-7) Development it is wrong to assume that any failure is bad and anysuccess is good.Part Three.(para8-10). Further development the reason why so many people are so afraid offailurePart Four.(para

10、11-14). Solution how to learn to use failure so that it makes a posotive contributionto our live.Part Five.(para15) Summary and a final touch Nobel failure is a special heroism3.Skill learning in writing and readingA). Effective Way of ArgumentationFirst to present a viewpoint Then argue against it

11、by presenting another point of view with supportingideas ( Examples :para 2 and 3 )B) Reading between the linesReading between the lines means drawing inferences about the authors ideas from what is written andfrom what is not written.Although its tricky rather like detective work! you may discover

12、the authors real meaning byusing context clues, common sense and our knowledge of the world by connecting ideas anddrawing conclusions by forming and testing ideas about what the author was trying to say.As you read the text the first time, use context clues, common sense and your knowledge of the w

13、orldto speculate about the possible answers to the questions between the paragraphs, and note your ideasin pencil (in Chinese or English) in the margins. Keep checking and modifying your ideas as you readfurther.4. Language Points1). voted Most Likely to Succeed in college chosen in college for the

14、title of Most Likelyto Succeed by students who votedvote (esp. passive) declare sb./sth. to be good, bad, etc. by general consentExamples:The show was voted a great success.The children all voted the trip the best they had ever had.2). It was panic. The fact (that I was fired) caused uncontrollable

15、fear (in me).panic n. a feeling or state of sudden uncontrollable and quickly spreading fearExamples:He got into a panic about examinations.The thought of flying alone filled me with panic.There is a strong likelihood of panic if a fire starts in the building.3) I had no experience in coping with re

16、jection. - . I had never experienced a denial anddidnt know what to do with it.rejection n. the act of refusing to grant or the state of being denied of (a request, demand, etc.)Examples:Ive applied for ten jobs, but all Ive got is rejections.He did not ask her to marry him out of fear of rejection.

17、 cope with (See Note 9 deal with)4). a failure a person, an attempt or a thing that failsExamples:He is a failure as a teacher.Im a bit of a failure at painting.The meeting/project was a complete failure.5). Vickys reaction is an extreme example of a common phenomenon.Such feelings peoplehave (when

18、rejected) are very common, but in Vickys case they are especially serious andunusual.6). place emphasis on making it give special importance to being successful7). what we dont always recognize what we sometimes fail to seeIn the statement, the scope of negation extends from the negative word not it

19、self only to theadverbial always rather than to the verb recognize, i.e. only the adverbial is within the stretchof language over which the negative meaning operates.Examples:He is not always at home in the evening (= Hes often at home in the evening, but not always).Things do not always go right (=

20、 Things normally go right, but not always).8). in the long run eventually; in the endExamples:It pays to buy goods of high quality in the long run.Studying may be difficult just now, but you will benefit in the long run.Physical exercises will be for your health in the long run.9). a job dealing wit

21、h people a job that involves handling human relationsdeal with sth. handle or attend to sth. (usu. sth. that needs attention or concern)Examples:Havent you dealt with that letter yet?The Finance Officer deals with all the finances of the university.Cf. cope with sth. deal with sth. successfully (usu

22、. sth. difficult or unpleasant that one mustaccept or endure)Examples:We must try to cope with our own failure.Poor families have to cope with a lot of problems.10). a copy editor an editor of written material11). People are generally prone to what language expert S. I. Hayakawa calls thetwo-valued

23、orientation. People generally tend to look at things as having only two values, ortwo sides: anything that is not good must be bad, that is not true be false this two-valued logicis called the two-valued orientation by Hayakawa.orientation n. a usu. general and lasting direction of thought, interest

24、 or viewbe prone to be likely to ( sth. or do or suffer from sth., esp. sth. bad or harmful)Examples:He is prone to lose temper when others disagree with him.Kids are all prone to eat junk food.My sister is prone to flu.12). ., infinite degrees of both are possible. . there can be many, many differe

25、nt levels of both success and failure.13). a world of difference a great deal of differencea world of a large amount of; lots ofExamples:Theres a world of difference in the performance of the two cars.That experience gave him a world of good.There is truly a world of difference between the old Chine

26、se society and the new.14). Indeed, the words failure and success cannot be reasonably applied to a complex, living,changing human being. It is certainly unfair just to call someone a failure or a success, for ahuman being is a complex, living thing that keeps changing.apply to use (a particular wor

27、d or name) to describe (sth. or sb.)Examples:Id never apply the word readable to any of his books.The term mat can be applied to any small rug.15). In fact, success in one area often precludes success in another. In fact, someone who issuccessful in one area is often prevented from achieving success

28、 in another area.preclude vt. make sth. impossibleExamples:These conditions preclude us from joining in this event.Age alone will not preclude him from standing as a candidate.This contract does not preclude my being employed by others at the same time I am working foryou.16). even when Im home - -e

29、ven when I dont travel; even when Im in my own country homead. at, in or to ones home .or country17). marked her as Olympic material distinguished her as a potential Olympic athletemark as be a distinguishing feature of. asExamples:These qualities mark the film as exceptionally good.Hard work has ma

30、rked Asian Americans as a model minority.material n. someone who is good enough for a particular job or position18).1 never prepared myself for anything but the ice,. . I set my mind to a career on the iceand nothing else,.prepare oneself for sth. make oneself mentally or physically ready to expect

31、sth.19). distinguish oneself deserve to be noticed by doing sth. very wellExamples:He distinguished himself in the debate.She distinguished herself in British theatre at a very early age.McEnroe first distinguished himself by winning a junior tournament at Wimbledon.20). its achieved at the cost of

32、the total quality of an experience - it (success) is achieved atthe price of losing the complete worth of something one is doingat the cost of involving the loss ofExamples:He saved the children from the fire at the cost of his own life.The poor fox escaped from the trap at the cost of a leg. 21). b

33、ecome obsessed with grades become too much concerned about ones performances ontests and exams22). They never branch out into tempting new areas, because they dont want to risk theirgrade-point average. They always stick to what they are learning and never try anything newand interesting because the

34、y dont want to do anything that may result in a lower GPA.branch out extend or expand ones activities or interests into another direction; begin doingother things alsoExamples:The bookstore has decided to branch out into selling records and tapes.Shes leaving the company to branch out on her own.Fir

35、st Jim collected stamps; then he branched out and collected coins, too.23). no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes a growing experience no one tells usbeforehand how to cope with failure so that we can learn something from ita growing experience a learning experience24). Faihire is part

36、 of the human condition failure is one of the things that human existencedepends on25). shielding their children from the knowledge that they have failed protecting theirchildren from knowing that they have failed26). make the honor roll or the baseball team earn a place in the honor roll or become

37、amember of the baseball team27). because it does = because it matters28). Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Do not be tempted by the instinctivedesire to blame your failure on other people.29). a job Id counted on a job which I had expected to get30).1 hadnt been rejected as a person

38、 - I had not been denied of the job because of anythingin my personality31). Success. is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. Success . teaches you to performbetter far less than failure does.not nearly far from; much less thanExamples:There is not nearly enough (= There is much too little) for

39、all these people!They dont have nearly so many foods to choose from as we do.32). Even a failure that seems total can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction.Evenwhat appears to be a complete failure can inspire new ideas or a change in your course of mpt vt. inspire or cause (a feeli

40、ng or reaction)Examples:Her remarks were prompted by her worries about the future.The letter prompted thoughts of his distant home.What prompted you to do such a silly thing?a change of direction a change in ones mind about sth. or in the way of doing sth.33). turn down refuse to accept (sb. or sth.

41、 usu. an offer, request or invitation); rejectExamples:She turned him down; she wouldnt marry him.Pauline has turned down offers from several different law firms. Why was I turned down for the job Is it because Im a woman34). You havent the body for it. You are not physically fit for it.35). the way

42、 to use failure is to take stock courageously the way to benefit from failure is tothink carefully and form an opinion about it without hesitationtake stock (of) 1) examine or evaluate what one possesses, what one needs, etc.Examples:Its time to take stock of your life and decide where you want to g

43、o.At the age of 25,1 began to take stock of my career so far.2) count exactly the items of merchandise or supplies in stockExamples:The grocery store took stock every week on Monday morning.The stores are closed so they can take stock of their inventory.36). My friend . moved into dance therapy. - M

44、y friend . changed her career and took updance therapy.move vi. change from one job, interest, etc. to another37). Though we may envy the assurance that comes with success, most of us are attracted bycourage in defeat. Though we may admire the confidence that people gains from their success,most of

45、us are impressed by the courage that people show when they fail.5. Grammar focus:a) “as if” used to introduce something unreal or unlikely to happenWhen “ as if” is used to introduce a clause of unreal or unlikely condition, thesubjunctive mood is normally required;6. Guided Practice (exercises, ora

46、l practice and group work)1) SummaryA. Ask several students to retell the text by using their own words.B. Talk about the main idea or theme of the text.2). ExercisesA. Comprehension of the text(During the period of preview or discussions in class).B. vocabulary IV-VII(homework)C. Translation( on ex

47、ercise-book)7. After-class AssignmentsWeve just learned an effective way of argumentation: first to present a viewpoint and then toargue against it by presenting another point of view with supporting ideas . Try the same thing asyou write your own paragraphText B Failure No! Just Temporary SetbacksL

48、anguage Points1. visit with sb. (AmE) talk socially with sb. on a short visit2. a tract house a house in an area for real-estate development; one of many similarlydesigned houses built on a tract of land3. Then the bottom fell out. Then a financial collapse occurred.Examples: The bottom fell out of

49、his world (= Life lost its meaning for him ) when his wife died.The bottom has fallen out of the market (= Trade has fallen to a very low level).4. I was determined that my children would not lose their home as I often had as a child. Imade up my mind to earn money to make the monthly payment for the house so that my childrenwould not suffer as I had often suffered when I was a child from not ha