獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)講解

1、關(guān)于獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)講解第一張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：形式：npron + 其他成分（doingdone to do n. adj.adv介詞短語）在語法上是一個獨立的短語，不是句子，在意思上依附于整個句子，相當(dāng)于狀語，表示時間、原因、條件、或伴隨等情況。It being Sunday, they had no classes.The signal given, the train started.The children were making a snowman, hands red with cold.He sat in the chair, book in ha

2、nd and pipe in mouth.原因時間伴隨伴隨第二張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月n. pron . + doing/ to do/ done_(因為他很誠實), we like him._, I had a good rest.(所有的窗子都擦完了)_, a man came up with a practical solution.(正討論這個問題時)He being honestAll the windows cleanedThe question being discussed第三張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月大多數(shù)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可以用“with +賓語+

3、賓語補足語”來代替。1） He lay there, his hands behind his head.(= with his hands behind his head) 非謂語動詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：“名詞或代詞+ 非謂語動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。1. 不定式構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（表示還未發(fā)生的行為或狀態(tài)，在句中做原因狀語、條件狀語）Lots of homework to be done, I have to stay at home .第四張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.動詞-ing 形式構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：如動詞-ing 形式的邏輯主語與主句的主

4、語不一致時，就要用動詞-ing 形式的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（在句中常做 時間狀語、原因、條件、方式狀語）1)表時間The audience having seated themselves, the concert began.2)表方式或伴隨The coward was backing , his face being deathly pale, toward another room.第五張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月表原因The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.= As the gui

5、de led the way,表條件：Weather permitting, we will go on an outing to the beach now.(= If weather permits)Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.(=If such is the case)第六張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.動詞-ed 形式構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（是由邏輯主語+動詞-ed形式 構(gòu)成，常做時間、原因、伴隨、條件狀語）1)表時間The task completed , we had a globa

6、l traveling.= The task having been completed = After the task was completed,2)表方式或伴隨When in trouble, Tom would sit alone, head bent.3) 表原因Thousands of eyes fixed upon her, Mary felt on edge.第七張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4).表條件More time and money given , we can finish the work in advance.( = If more time and

7、 money are given,) 注意：不定式往往表示沒有發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生 動詞-ing 形式表示正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)動詞-ed 形式表示已經(jīng)完成和被動的行為第八張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月So many windows to clean, I had to devote the whole afternoon. All the windows cleaned, I had a good rest. 3. The question being discussed , a man came up with a practical solution. 將要完成、被動進行第九張，PPT

8、共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的being 和 having been常省略1）。 The football match (being) over , crowds of people poured out into the street.2).Nobody (being) in, I didnt enter the hall.3).All the windows (being) open, the air in the room is fresher.4).All the tickets(having been) sold out, we had to wait for the

9、 next weeks show.第十張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：1.)當(dāng)獨立主格中的being done 表示“正在被做時”，being 此時不可省。Food being cooked, I fell asleep.2). 當(dāng)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是 it , there 時， being 常不省。 It being fine , we can go to the beach .There being no time left, we had to speed up.第十一張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月While walking on the playground

10、 , _.a ball hit me B. my head was hit by a ball C. I was hit by a ball D. he was badly wounded 2. _ , he went out to play basketball .The exercise done B. on the exercises C. Having been done the exercises D. The exercises having finished 第十二張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3._ , the reward was given to him .A.

11、Being honest B. As an honest boy C. He being honest D. He was honest 4._ _ no bus , we had to go home by bus .A. Being B. There being C. There was 5 _ fine , we went out for a picnic .A. Being B. It being C. It was 第十三張，PPT共十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1 如果天氣許可,我們就去參觀長城。Weather permitting , well go to visit the Great Wall.