福建專用2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題10并列連詞和狀語從句課件新人教版

1、語法專題十并列連詞和狀語從句-2-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納1.(2019江蘇,單項(xiàng)填空)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance.in句意:醫(yī)生把他的手機(jī)號(hào)碼告訴了病人們,以防他們需要醫(yī)療救助。in case“以防,以備”。 2.(2018北京,單項(xiàng)填空) we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.If句意:如果我們不阻止氣候變化,世界上許多動(dòng)植物都會(huì)消失。

2、根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。3.(2016全國,語篇填空)So,get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.asas.as possible“盡可能”,為固定短語。第一個(gè)as是副詞,第二個(gè)as是連詞。-3-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納4.(2016全國,語篇填空) In much of Asia,especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan,Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with

3、 chopsticks.and列舉的幾個(gè)國家是并列關(guān)系,故用并列連詞and連接。5.(2016全國,語篇填空) Over time, the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.as此處表示“隨著人口的增長”,故用as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。-4-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納6.(2016四川,語篇填空) it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.When/If句意:

4、小熊貓哭的時(shí)候(要是小熊貓哭的話),熊貓媽媽會(huì)前后輕輕晃動(dòng)它并且輕輕拍撫它。故用when表示時(shí)間或者if表示條件。又因?yàn)槭窃诰涫?故注意其首字母要大寫。7.(2016四川,語篇填空) It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be independent.and“熊貓媽媽生新的寶寶”與“小熊貓也該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立了”之間為并列關(guān)系,and連接兩個(gè)并列的簡單句。-5-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九在句中連接單詞、短語、從句或者句子的詞為連詞。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),連詞通常分為并列連詞和

5、從屬連詞。1.并列連詞按照在句中的作用可分為:表并列關(guān)系的連詞(and,as well as,both.and.,not only.but also.,neither.nor.等)、表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞(but,yet,while等)、表選擇關(guān)系的連詞(or,either.or.等)、表因果關(guān)系的連詞(for,so等)。Give me a chance,and Ill give you a wonderful surprise.給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),我會(huì)給你一個(gè)很大的驚喜。I was glad to meet Jenny again,but I didnt want to spend all day wi

6、th her.再次見到珍妮我很高興,但是我不想整天和她在一起。-6-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九2.引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有:that,if,as,when,while,till,until,since,after,before,because,though,although,so.that,where等。I dont really like the author,although I have to admit his books are very exciting.我實(shí)在不喜歡這位作者,盡管我不得不承認(rèn)他寫的書很激動(dòng)人心。-7-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九1.when,wh

7、ile,as都可譯為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”,但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。當(dāng)主句動(dòng)作是瞬時(shí)的、從句動(dòng)作是延續(xù)的,三者都可以用。as強(qiáng)調(diào)主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。while從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。She sang as we walked.I listened carefully while she was singing,and we felt happy when we got home.我們一邊走她一邊唱,她唱的時(shí)候我認(rèn)真地聽,到家的時(shí)候我們感覺很高興。2.until 和not.untiluntil要與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用;not.until 要與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。He didnt

8、go to bed until his father came back.他直到父親回來才上床睡覺。-8-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九3.since意為“自從以來”,其后面所用動(dòng)詞不同,該動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間的計(jì)算方法也不同。It is two years since he joined the army.(他參軍兩年了。)It is two years since he smoked.(他戒煙兩年了。)4.特殊的時(shí)間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞the moment,the minute,the instant,the second;no sooner.than.;hardly.when.等以及表

9、示瞬間的directly,immediately等詞,表示“一就”,相當(dāng)于as soon as。no sooner.than.,hardly.when.結(jié)構(gòu)中no sooner和hardly引導(dǎo)的句子通常用過去完成時(shí),而than和when引導(dǎo)的句子通常要用一般過去時(shí);此外,no sooner和hardly位于句首時(shí),句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝語序。-9-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九Tell him the news the minute you meet Tom.你一見到湯姆就告訴他這個(gè)消息吧。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.我剛到家就開始下

10、雨了。5.by the time 也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,意為“到時(shí)為止”,主句一般用完成時(shí)。By the time he was fourteen,Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.(從句為一般過去時(shí),主句要用過去完成時(shí))到十四歲的時(shí)候,愛因斯坦已經(jīng)自學(xué)完高等數(shù)學(xué)了。-10-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九6.幾組固定形式(1)It will be+一段時(shí)間+before.多久之后才(2)It is+一段時(shí)間+since.自從以來已有多長時(shí)間了。(3)be about to do.when.;be doing.

11、when.;on the point of doing.when.正在/要做這時(shí)It will be two days before he returns.要過兩天他才回來。It is three years since I came here.我來這里三年了。I was doing my homework when my cousin came.我正在做作業(yè),這時(shí)候我表弟來了。I was about to go out/on the point of going out when the phone rang.我正要出去,這時(shí)電話響了。-11-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九常用句型:so

12、+形容詞/副詞+that從句so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句so+many/much/little/few+名詞+that從句such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句He is so young that he cannot go to school.他太小了以至于不能上學(xué)。It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天氣這么好,以至于我們都想出去散步。-12-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九1.because為常用詞,其語氣

13、最重,且說明的是直接原因,用來回答why引導(dǎo)的問句。2.as,since和now that語氣較弱,常用來表示一些顯而易見或?qū)Ψ街赖脑颉ince意為“既然,鑒于”時(shí)不可用as替換。Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a branch in Beijing.馬克有必要學(xué)習(xí)漢語了,因?yàn)樗墓菊诒本╅_設(shè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)。As its raining,youd better take a taxi.下雨了,你最好坐出租車。Since everybody is here,lets begin.既然大家都在,那我們就開始吧。-

14、13-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有:though,although,while,even if/though,however,no matter how,no matter what,no matter who等。1.though,although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)都不能和but連用,但可以同yet(still)連用。Although/Though all kites have a similar structure,they are widely different in size and shape.盡管所有的風(fēng)箏都有相似的結(jié)構(gòu),但是它們?cè)诔叽绾托螤钌嫌泻艽蟮?/p>

15、不同。-14-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九2.while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)意為“盡管,雖然”,多用于句首。While we are suffering such a severe natural disaster,we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we dont lose heart.盡管遭受著如此嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害,但只要不灰心,我們終會(huì)克服暫時(shí)的困難。-15-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九3.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步從句時(shí),從句要采用倒裝語序。Child as/though he was,

16、he knew what was the right thing to do.他盡管是個(gè)孩子,但他知道怎樣做是正確的。Young as/though he is,he is expert in this field.他雖然年輕,但在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域是專家。4.whether.or not意為“無論(是否)”。Whether you believe it or not,it is true.不管你信不信,這是真的。-16-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九5.however+形容詞/副詞=no matter how+形容詞/副詞.,意為“無論多么”。One can always manage to do

17、 more things,no matter how full ones schedule is in life.一個(gè)人總是可以設(shè)法做更多的事情,不管在生活中時(shí)間表安排得有多滿。-17-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九條件狀語從句通常分為兩大類:真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有:if,unless/if.not,as long as/so long as,as far as/so far as,provided/providing(that),on condition that等。1.條件狀語從句中如果主句是將來時(shí),條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);如果條件狀語從句中出現(xiàn)過去時(shí)及其相

18、應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài),則為虛擬條件句,那么主句要用相應(yīng)的虛擬語氣形式。If he had listened carefully,he would have done it better.如果他認(rèn)真聽講的話,他會(huì)做得更好些。-18-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九2.unless 相當(dāng)于if.not,在虛擬條件句中可用if.not,但不能用unless。She says that shell have to close the shop unless business improves.她說如果生意不見什么起色的話她就將店關(guān)了。If you dont have a good sense of directi

19、on,please take a compass with you.如果你沒有好的方向感,請(qǐng)隨身帶一個(gè)指南針。-19-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九地點(diǎn)狀語從句多用where和wherever引導(dǎo)。Where he once felt like giving up,he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.在他曾經(jīng)想要放棄的地方,他現(xiàn)在下定決心要推進(jìn)一步,繼續(xù)前行。-20-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九目的狀語從句常用的連詞(短語)有so that(以便),in order that(以便),in ca

20、se等。1.so that/in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could等。in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可以放在主句之前或之后,而so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句只能放在主句之后。Take action today so that/in order that you wont miss your opportunity next time.今天就行動(dòng)起來,這樣下次機(jī)會(huì)來時(shí)你就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過了。-21-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九2.in case 所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,謂語可以用虛擬語氣,形式為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,也可以不用虛擬語氣。Y

21、ou may leave the key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back.你可以把鑰匙留在家里,以免我們中有人想起要回來。-22-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納一三二四五七六八九方式狀語從句常由as(按照),just as(正像),as if=as though(仿佛,好像;從句可用虛擬語氣)等引導(dǎo)。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.這位老太太對(duì)待這個(gè)男孩就像是自己的兒子一樣。比較狀語從句主要由than或as引導(dǎo)。He earns less

22、 than his wife does.他掙的錢比他妻子少。I havent done as much as I should have liked.我做的沒有我希望的那么好。-23-.單句填空1.She spoke so quietly we could not hear her at all from the second row.thatso. that.意為“如此以至于”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,故此處應(yīng)用that。2.Scott joined the army soon after his 18th birthday,just his brother did.as根據(jù)句意 “斯科特在18歲

23、生日后很快就參軍了,正如他的哥哥那樣” 可知,此處為just as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句,意為“正如”。-24-3.She had hardly sat down the phone rang.when此處為hardly. when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意:她幾乎還沒坐下,電話鈴就響了。4.Have something to eat. you dont eat now,youll be hungry later.If根據(jù)句意“如果你現(xiàn)在不吃,隨后就會(huì)很餓”可知,此處為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。5.Jane found the keys exactly Kate said they would be.w

24、here分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句,故用連接詞where。-25-6.Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier it used to be.than根據(jù)空前的much easier可知,此處為than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。7.There were such a lot of things to be discussed at the meeting we couldnt finish it on time.thatsuch. that.意為“如此以至于”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,故此處應(yīng)用that。8.She boug

25、ht the phone only her sister had one.because根據(jù)句意“她買了一部手機(jī),只是因?yàn)樗慕憬阋操I了一部”可知,her sister had one做原因狀語,故用because。-26-9.No sooner had he arrived in Rome he was arrested.than此處為no sooner. than引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。句意:他剛到羅馬就被逮捕了。10. scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still dont know.Thoug

26、h/Although/While句意:雖然科學(xué)家們對(duì)宇宙有了很多了解,但是仍然有許多東西我們不知道。句中的逗號(hào)前后皆為句子,因此空格處應(yīng)填連詞;根據(jù)句意前后為讓步關(guān)系,故填Though/Although/While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然”。-27-11.If you miss this chance,it may be years you get another one.before句意:如果你錯(cuò)過這次機(jī)會(huì),可能再過數(shù)年你才會(huì)得到另一次機(jī)會(huì)。此處考查句型“it may be+時(shí)間段+before.”,表示“要過才”。12.I believe you will have a wonderf

27、ul time here you get to know everyone else.once/if/when分析句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系可以看出,“you get to know everyone else”是“you will have a wonderful time”的前提,所以句子后半部分應(yīng)該是一個(gè)條件或者時(shí)間狀語從句。因此空格處可以填once/if/when。句意:我相信一旦/如果/當(dāng)你認(rèn)識(shí)了這里其他所有的人,你會(huì)過得開心的。-28-13.He is a shy man, he is not afraid of anything or anyone.but句意:他是一個(gè)靦腆的人,但是他不

28、害怕任何事情或任何人。前后兩句在內(nèi)容上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以填but。14.Vicky came back early last night.It was not yet nine oclock she arrived home.when句意:維姬昨晚回來得早。她到家時(shí)還沒到九點(diǎn)。It is/was+具體時(shí)間+when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。15.The explosion rocked the lake with such a forcedead fish immediately began to surface.that句意:爆炸威力巨大以至于死魚立刻漂上來。such.that“

29、如此以至于”,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。-29-16.Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, plants can spread to new places.so句意:一些動(dòng)物把種子從一處帶到另一處,這樣植物就能傳播到新的地方。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示結(jié)果。故用so來連接并列句。17.You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.unless句意:如果你不能全身心地投入工作,你就永遠(yuǎn)不可能取得成功。unless在此處引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為“如果不,除非”

30、。18.Half an hour later,Lucy still couldnt get a taxi the bus had dropped her.where句意:半小時(shí)過去了,露西在下公交車的地方仍然沒有打到出租車。where在此處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句,表示謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。-30-19.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.when句意:在午夜,爸爸將我叫醒讓我看足球賽。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”。20.Im sorry that

31、 I made a mistake in the test,but I did it told in class.as我很抱歉在測試中犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,但我是按照課堂上教的做的。狀語從句補(bǔ)充完整就是as I was told,由于從句主語與主句主語一致,可省去從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞was,變?yōu)槭÷跃洹?31-.單句改錯(cuò)1.Please come to take part in the activity,or seize this precious opportunity!(2019湖北四地七校聯(lián)考)orand根據(jù)句意可知,上下文是順承關(guān)系,不是選擇關(guān)系,所以把or改為and。2.He says th

32、at snakes are easy to deal with if they dont have any legs.(2019遼寧葫蘆島市協(xié)作校聯(lián)考)ifas/because/since根據(jù)句意可知,上下文是因果關(guān)系,所以把if改為as/because/since。-32-3.A boy,being poor,couldnt afford even a candle,but he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbours house to read at night.(2019湖南衡陽市八中模擬)butso上下

33、文是順接關(guān)系,不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以把but改為so。4.Then I went back to the dorm after he could say anything.(2019貴州貴陽模擬)afterbefore句意:他還沒來得及說話,我就回了宿舍。根據(jù)句意可知要把a(bǔ)fter改為before。-33-5.Firstly,find more chances to listen more and speak more,or you will find it easier to learn Chinese.(2018山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)orand句意:首先,找更多的機(jī)會(huì)多聽多說,這樣你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)漢語

34、更容易。根據(jù)句意可知,此處為“祈使句+and+一般將來時(shí)的句子”句型,故應(yīng)用and。6.But for now,they all have to postpone their plans if the winter storms pass.(2018福建龍巖質(zhì)檢)ifuntil/till句意:但是就現(xiàn)在來說,他們都得把他們的計(jì)劃推遲到冬季風(fēng)暴結(jié)束時(shí)實(shí)施。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示“直到”,故把if改為till/until。-34-7.Early in the morning,I didnt want to go to school,but I pretended to feel ill.butso

35、句意:一大早我不想上學(xué),因而假裝生病。前后句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用并列連詞so。8.If we want to be treated well,and we should treat others well too.刪除and分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,后面為主句,連詞and多余。-35-9.The real moment began before I stood on the platform with my legs trembling or my mind blank.beforewhen/as/after根據(jù)語境可知,此處指當(dāng)站在臺(tái)上時(shí)或站在臺(tái)上后。orand句中my leg

36、s trembling和my mind blank是兩個(gè)并列發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,不表示選擇,故用并列連詞and。10.She had not studied Chinese before arriving here,but she has some difficulty communicating with people.butso句意:她來中國之前沒學(xué)過漢語,所以跟人交流起來有困難。故應(yīng)用連詞so表示因果關(guān)系。-36-11.Itll be minutes after you get their reply.afterbefore此處為固定句型 “it will be+時(shí)間段+before.”,意為“

37、多久以后”,故用before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。12.My mum worried a lot,so everything went smoothly.sobut前半句說母親很擔(dān)心,后半句說一切順利;前后分句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。13.Inside it,I found some money or a card with a phone number.orand根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系,故用連詞and。-37-14.Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong.andb

38、ut句意:也許他們只是想和我們溝通,但是他們?nèi)鲥e(cuò)了。前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用but。15.I didnt begin to like our house parents when something happened one night.whenuntilnot.until表示“直到才”,為固定搭配。句意:直到一天晚上發(fā)生了一件事情,我才開始喜歡我們的宿管。-38-.語篇填空Make your home a safer placeYou probably think that your home is the one place where you are safe.Thats what I thought until last week.Now I know our flat is full of accidents waiting 1.(happen).Next month well look 2. my niece and nephew while their parents go away for 3. short break.We wi