2021年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞和代詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析

1、2021年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞和代詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析2021年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞和代詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析2021年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞和代詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析介詞和代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)一、表示時(shí)間的介詞1in，on，at,over（1）in表示在一段時(shí)間之內(nèi).通常時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等.如：in the 1950s，in 1989，in summer，in January，in ones thirties,in the morning等。(2)on表示具體的某一天及其早、中、晚。如：on May 1st，on Monday，on a cold night in

2、January， on a fine morning等。（3)at表示在一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上。指某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間,也泛指圣誕節(jié)，復(fù)活節(jié)等.如:at 3：20,at this time of year，at Christmas，at night，at this moment等。(4)over后面接一段時(shí)間，表示“超過(guò)”或“在期間”。如：David Crum, the CEO of Geldart Software, announced that the corporation would open three branches in Bangkok over the next several mo

3、nths。（5）在last，next，this，that，some，every等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：He went to Japan last year。We meet every day。2in，after(1)“in一段時(shí)間”表示將來(lái)的一段時(shí)間之后。如:My mother will come back in three or four days。(2）“after一段時(shí)間”表示過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間之后。如：He arrived after five months。（3)“after具體時(shí)間”表示將來(lái)或過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻之后.如:She will appear after five oclock

4、this afternoon.The rain began to fall after seven.3from，since,for(1）from后接具體時(shí)間，說(shuō)明從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，不說(shuō)明某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)多久.如：I hope to do morning exercises from today。（2）since后接具體過(guò)去時(shí)間,表示某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)至說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻,通常與完成時(shí)連用。如：We have not seen each other since 2010。（3）for后接一段時(shí)間，通常與完成時(shí)連用。如：I have been in the army for 5 years.知識(shí)點(diǎn)二、表示地點(diǎn)方

5、位的介詞1at,in,on,to（1)at表示在小地方或“在附近;在旁邊”.如：He arrived at the station at ten。He is sitting at the desk.（2）in表示在大地方或“在范圍之內(nèi)”.如：He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Shandong lies in the east of China。（3)on表示毗鄰或接壤。如：Russia lies on the north of China.(4)to表示“在范圍外”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤.如：Japan is to the east of China。2above,o

6、ver,on（1)above意為“在上方”，只表示位置高于某物但不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below相對(duì).如:The bird is flying above my head。（2）over意為“在之上”，表示垂直高于，與under相對(duì)。over強(qiáng)調(diào)與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸.如：There is a bridge over the river.（3)on意為“在之上，表示在某物體上面并與之接觸。如:He put his watch on the desk.2above，over，on(1)above意為“在上方”，只表示位置高于某物但不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直,與below相對(duì)。如：The bird is

7、flying above my head。（2)over意為“在之上”，表示垂直高于,與under相對(duì)。over強(qiáng)調(diào)與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。如：There is a bridge over the river。（3）on意為“在之上”，表示在某物體上面并與之接觸.如：He put his watch on the desk。知識(shí)點(diǎn)三、表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞1across，over,through（1)across表示從物體表面穿過(guò)，與on有關(guān)。如：across the playground/square/desert/river(2)over表示動(dòng)作是在空中進(jìn)行的。如：He jumped

8、over the wall.（3)through表示從物體里面穿過(guò),與in有關(guān)。也可表示時(shí)間,指“（從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束)經(jīng)歷了”。如：through the pipe/forest/doorWe work hard all through the year。2in,into(1）in通常表示靜態(tài)，意為“在里面.如：We walked in the park.我們?cè)诠珗@里走著.(2)into通常表示動(dòng)態(tài)，意為“進(jìn)入到里面”。如：We walked into the park。我們走進(jìn)了公園。知識(shí)點(diǎn)四、表示原因的介詞1for表示原因時(shí),常與sorry，famous，punish，praise,thank

9、,blame等詞連用。如：I am sorry for what I said to you.2at表示引起某種情感變化的原因,常與表示看、聽(tīng)或喜、怒、吃驚的詞連用，意為“因聽(tīng)到或看到而”。如：He was surprised at the news.3from常接抽象名詞表示自然、間接或外在的原因，如受傷、車(chē)禍等。如：He died from the wound.4of多用于表示自身或內(nèi)在的原因，如病、餓等。如：The old man died of hunger.5with指生理上或情感上由外界到內(nèi)心的原因.如:Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.He

10、 was shaking with anger.6by表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或無(wú)意中造成某種結(jié)果的原因。如：She took your umbrella by mistake。她錯(cuò)拿了你的雨傘.7over一般用于cry，weep，laugh等帶有感情色彩的動(dòng)詞后，表示所發(fā)生的事情的原因。如：She wept over the death of her daughter.We laughed over the victory。8because of表示引起結(jié)果的直接原因。如:He retired last month because of his illness。9thanks to表示引起某

11、種幸運(yùn)結(jié)果的原因，常譯為“幸虧，多虧。如:Thanks to John， we won the game.知識(shí)點(diǎn)五、表示計(jì)量的介詞1at表示“以速度；以?xún)r(jià)格”.如：It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour.I sold my car at a high price。2for表示“用交換；以為代價(jià)。如：He sold his car for 500 dollars.注意:at表示單價(jià)，for表示總錢(qián)數(shù)。3by表示“以計(jì)”,后跟度量單位.如：They paid him by the month.注意:by后接具體度量單位要加the.知識(shí)點(diǎn)六、表示工具或手段的

12、介詞1by意為“用某種方式”,后面的名詞不帶冠詞。如:I went there by bus。2with表示“用某種工具”,后面的名詞需帶冠詞。如：He broke the window with a stone。3in表示“用時(shí),后面的賓語(yǔ)不帶冠詞,且多為鉛筆、墨水、顏色、語(yǔ)言等。如:I hate letters written in pencil。We will never forget this historical lesson written in blood。4on表示“以方式”,多用于固定詞組。如：They talked on the telephone。She learns E

13、nglish on the radio/on TV.知識(shí)點(diǎn)七、表示“在之間”的介詞1between表示在兩者之間。如：You are to sit between your father and me。2among表示在三者或三者以上之間。如：He is always happy among his classmates.3有時(shí)說(shuō)的雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，但強(qiáng)調(diào)多者中的兩兩關(guān)系時(shí)用between。如：Switzerland lies between France， Italy, Austria and Germany.Pay attention to the relationship bet

14、ween the sentences in your composition.知識(shí)點(diǎn)八、表示“除了的介詞1besides表示“除之外，還有”。如：We all went to see the film besides you。除你之外我們也都去看電影了。2except表示“除外，把除去”。如：We all went to see the film except you.除你之外我們都去看電影了.3but與except同義，但多用于不定代詞no one/nobody/nothing/everything/all和副詞nowhere/anywhere以及疑問(wèn)代詞who之后。如：I never sa

15、w him reading anything but the newspaper。4except for表示“如無(wú)就,只是”，多表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。如:His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.5except that表示“除外，把除去”，后面接句子。如：I know nothing about him except that he is from Beijing。6apart from在不同的上下文中，既有besides的含義，又有except和except for的含義，要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判別。如：Apart from/Besides

16、English，he has a good command of Russian and French.He has no interests,apart from/except his work.Its a good paper,apart from/except for a few spelling mistakes.知識(shí)點(diǎn)九、介詞與某些詞類(lèi)的習(xí)慣搭配高考主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)固定短語(yǔ)的掌握程度、對(duì)短語(yǔ)意義的了解以及介詞在這些固定搭配中的應(yīng)用。1名詞詞組：如on the contrary相反；in turn依次；in ones opinion根據(jù)某人的看法；on time準(zhǔn)時(shí)；out of rea

17、ch夠不著2動(dòng)詞詞組：如remind sb。 of sth.提醒某人某事；rob sb。 of sth。搶劫某人的；result from由引起;call at訪問(wèn)（某地）3形容詞詞組：如be curious about對(duì)好奇；be proud of因而自豪；be popular with受到的歡迎4介詞短語(yǔ)：如apart from除之外;in addition to除之外(還)；because of因?yàn)?；instead of代替;in fear of為提心吊膽；for fear of以免；in case of防備，萬(wàn)一；thanks to由于；in the middle of在中間accor

18、ding to根據(jù);in front of在前面;in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)；in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；as a result of作為的結(jié)果；in exchange for與交換等.知識(shí)點(diǎn)十：both，all，either,each，every,neither，none的用法1both,either，neither用于兩者.both意為“兩者都”;either意為“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”;neither意為“兩者中的任何一個(gè)都不”。如:Both the boys are clever.兩個(gè)男孩每個(gè)都很聰明。Either of the two boys is clever.兩個(gè)男孩

19、都很聰明。Neither of the two boys is clever。兩個(gè)男孩都不聰明.2all，none，each，every用于多者。all意為“全部都”，指可數(shù)的東西時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)，指不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)為單數(shù)；none意為“全都不，任何一個(gè)都不，指可數(shù)的東西時(shí)可為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)為單數(shù)；each和every意為“每一個(gè)”，為單數(shù),兩者都能作定語(yǔ)用,但each還可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ).All of the students are there.All （of） the milk is there。Every student in our school works hard。我們學(xué)

20、校的學(xué)生都很用功。Each student may have an e。dictionary./Each of the students has an edictionary./The students each have an e。dictionary.每個(gè)學(xué)生都可有一本電子詞典。知識(shí)點(diǎn)十一：some和any的用法1表示“一些”時(shí)，some常用于肯定句;any常用于否定、疑問(wèn)或條件句中。如:If you have any questions， please ask me.2在疑問(wèn)句中可用some，表示希望得到對(duì)方肯定的回答。如：Would you like some coffee？3some

21、可接單數(shù)名詞表示“某一個(gè)”；any可接單數(shù)名詞表示“任何一個(gè)”。如:I remember having read this article in some magazine。Here are three novels。You may read any.知識(shí)點(diǎn)十二:復(fù)合不定代詞的用法由some,any，no，every加上。body，。one，thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞,叫復(fù)合不定代詞.1some構(gòu)成的不定代詞一般用于肯定句,意為“某人或某物，重要的人或事”.如：Somebody is waiting outside。I have something for you。She thinks shes

22、 something since she won the prize。獲獎(jiǎng)之后，她覺(jué)得自己了不起了。2any構(gòu)成的不定代詞一般用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，意為“隨便某個(gè)人或物，無(wú)論什么人或物，什么人或物都可以”。如：Does anybody else want to go？There isnt anything in the box。If anyone wants to go on the trip， register here please！有時(shí)也用于肯定句中表示“任何人或物”。如:Anybody can work out that simple maths problem。You

23、can take anything you like.3no構(gòu)成的不定代詞意為“沒(méi)什么人或物”。如：I know nothing about it.There is nobody here.4every構(gòu)成的不定代詞意為“一切人或物，每個(gè)人或物。everything還可表示“最重要的人或物”。如:Everybody enjoyed themselves on vacation。She does everything to help her mother.Her son is everything to her.對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)兒子就是一切。知識(shí)點(diǎn)十三：the other，other，another，o

24、thers，the others的區(qū)別the other/otherthe other可單獨(dú)使用，特指兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”；也可修飾名詞表示“另外的”。other不能單獨(dú)使用，只能修飾名詞,表示泛指意義another可單獨(dú)使用，也可修飾名詞,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一個(gè)”,代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。另外another后可接“基數(shù)詞/few復(fù)數(shù)名詞形式，表示“另外的(多少)”others/the othersothers只能單獨(dú)使用，表示泛指意義,意為“其他的人或事物，常與some一起出現(xiàn)；特指“其他的全部人或事物”時(shí)用the othersHe is willing to help

25、others/other people。Twenty of the students in our class have been to Beijing. The other students/The others have not。Some of us like football， and others are fond of basketball。We need another five chairs/five more chairs。知識(shí)點(diǎn)十四：none,no one,nobody，nothing的區(qū)別none既可指人，也可指物；側(cè)重?cái)?shù)量，通常指三者或三者以上的人或物；后可接of短語(yǔ)；作

26、主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù);常用來(lái)回答由how many/much引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句How much money do you have？None.no one/nobody只能指人；是泛指概念，常用來(lái)回答由who引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句;不與of短語(yǔ)連用；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Who is in the room?-Nobody./No one.nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念；常用來(lái)回答由what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句What are you doing now？Nothing.知識(shí)點(diǎn)十五：替代詞的用法和區(qū)別it替代前面提到過(guò)的同一個(gè)人或者物-Have you found your pen?No， I

27、havent found it.one/onesone用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，是泛指概念，相當(dāng)于a/an單數(shù)名詞。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為onesI think this book is better than the one I read last time.These shoes are not good enough. Show me some better ones.that/thosethat用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的同類(lèi)的名詞,是同類(lèi)替代，但并非同一個(gè),可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)于the one。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those,相當(dāng)于the onesThe weather i

28、n Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter。知識(shí)點(diǎn)十六：it的用法1it可用于無(wú)人稱(chēng)句，表示自然現(xiàn)象、季節(jié)、時(shí)間、距離、環(huán)境等。如：It is getting warmer and warmer.It was already ten oclock when he arrived home.Its ten minutes walk from here to our school。Its very quiet at the moment.2it可代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。如：Its important for

29、us to learn a second language。We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.3熟記下列有關(guān)it的固定句型make it;get it;keep it up;see to it that；put it高頻考點(diǎn)一、考查介詞辨析例1【2018北京】Good morning, Mr. Lees office。Good morning. Id like to make an appointment _ next Wednesday afternoon.A. for B. on C.

30、 in D. at【答案】A【解析】考查介詞。句意：-早上好,Lee先生辦公室。-早上好.我想預(yù)約下周三下午（和Mr. Lee見(jiàn)面）。make an appointment for意為“為預(yù)約,是固定搭配，故A選項(xiàng)正確?！咀兪教骄俊?2017北京）Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing industry。A. at B. in C. on D。 by【答案】B【解析】許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業(yè)來(lái)謀生的。此處用介詞in,不用by，因?yàn)閎y后面通常接做什么事情來(lái)謀生，此處是指在捕魚(yú)這個(gè)行業(yè)里，在這個(gè)行業(yè)里謀生，用i

31、n，故選B. 【變式探究】I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry _ a conversation with her?！敬鸢浮縪n【解析】句意:我不喜歡她在我工作時(shí)給我打電話(huà)-我總是太忙，不能和她進(jìn)行會(huì)話(huà)。carry on“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,從事”，符合句意.【變式探究】Last year was the warmest year on record， with global temperature 0。68 _ the average.A。 below B。 on C。 at D. above【答案】D 【解析】句

32、意:去年是有紀(jì)錄以來(lái)最熱的一年,全球平均氣溫上升0。68度。With 的賓語(yǔ)global temperature ,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足above the average。 高頻考點(diǎn)二、考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析例2。 (2019江蘇卷）Favorable policies are _ to encourage employees professional development.Ain effect Bin commandCin turn Din shape【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析.句意：有利的政策正在有效地鼓勵(lì)員工的職業(yè)發(fā)展.in effect“有效”?！九e一反三】【2018江蘇】 Chinas so

33、ftpowergrows_ theincreasingappreciationandunderstanding of China globally。A。 in line with B. in reply toC. in return for D。 in honour of【答案】A【解析】句意：中國(guó)的軟實(shí)力增長(zhǎng)與日俱增全球?qū)χ袊?guó)的賞識(shí)和理解相一致。A。 in line with按照；與。一致;B。 in reply to答復(fù)；C。 in return for作為 。 的報(bào)酬;D。 in honour of為紀(jì)念。故選A?！咀兪教骄俊縏hese comments came specific qu

34、estions often asked by local newsmen。A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of【答案】B【解析】句意:這些評(píng)論是對(duì)某些經(jīng)常被當(dāng)?shù)匦侣勅藛?wèn)到的問(wèn)題的回應(yīng)。A。 in memory of 意為紀(jì)念, B。 in response to意為回應(yīng)，C. in touch with意為聯(lián)系，D. in possession of意為擁有。分析句子成分知道空格處充當(dāng)介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的作用,根據(jù)常識(shí)和句意，評(píng)論應(yīng)該是對(duì)問(wèn)題的回應(yīng)。所以答案應(yīng)該是B。 in response t

35、o回應(yīng)。高頻考點(diǎn)三、考查介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)的用法例3、(2019天津卷)_ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances。AAccording to BInstead ofCIn addition to DIn spite of【答案】D【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管存在各種問(wèn)題，但是其中的一些選手還是表現(xiàn)出色。A項(xiàng)意為“根據(jù)”；B項(xiàng)意為“代替”;C項(xiàng)意為“除以外”；D項(xiàng)意為“盡管。結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)選D?！九e一反三】【2018天津】Bob thought he couldnt go to th

36、e party because he had to write a report, but he went _。A。 at first B。 after allC. above all D。 at random【答案】B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：鮑勃認(rèn)為他不能去參加聚會(huì)，因?yàn)樗坏貌粚?xiě)一份報(bào)告，但他終究去了。A。 at first起初；B. after all畢竟，終究。C. above all首先；D. at random隨便地.根據(jù)前面的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞可知，與前面情況相反,故選B?！咀兪教骄俊浚?017江蘇）Determining where we are _ our surro

37、undings remains an essential skill for our survival。A. in contrast to B。 in defense ofC。 in face of D。 in relation to【答案】D 【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意:根據(jù)周?chē)沫h(huán)境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項(xiàng)極其重要的技能。A. in contrast to對(duì)比，截然不同；B. in defense of為辯護(hù)；C。 in face of面對(duì)；D。 in relation to與有關(guān).故選D?！咀兪教骄俊縏hat young man is honest ， cooperative , a

38、lways there when you need his help 。_， hes reliable。A。 Or else B. In short C。 By the way D。 For one thing【答案】B【解析】句意：這個(gè)年輕人是誠(chéng)實(shí)的,有合作精神的,當(dāng)你需要他的幫助的時(shí)候，總是在那里.簡(jiǎn)言之，他是可靠的。A。否則；B.簡(jiǎn)言之；C.順便說(shuō)一下；D。首先。故選B。高頻考點(diǎn)四 all， both， any， either， neither， none的辨析例4Its an eitheror situation we can buy a new car this year or we

39、 can go on holiday but we cant do _。AothersBeitherCanother Dboth【答案】D【解析】句意：這是一種二選一的情況，我們今年要么買(mǎi)一輛新車(chē)，要么去度假，但兩者不可兼得?？崭裉幈硎静糠址穸?，應(yīng)用not .。. both，故選D.【變式探究】Ive lived in New York and Chicago， but dont like _ of them very much。Aeither BanyCeach Danother【答案】A【解析】句意：我在紐約和芝加哥住過(guò),但是我不喜歡它們中的任何一個(gè)。題干中提到“芝加哥”和“紐約”兩個(gè)城市

40、，根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，后面的意思應(yīng)為“兩個(gè)都不喜歡”，所以選A。【變式探究】Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life。Asome BneitherCnone Dall【答案】C【解析】句意：雖然羅斯瑪麗多年身患重病，但是她一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有失去對(duì)生活的熱情。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“一點(diǎn)兒也不,一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)有”,所以應(yīng)用none.高頻考點(diǎn)五 another, the other, （the) others， the rest的辨析例5Recy

41、cling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is _。Aanother Bthe otherCone another Done【答案】A【解析】句意：回收是保護(hù)環(huán)境的一種方法;而重復(fù)使用是另一種。another表示“（三者及三者以上的）另一個(gè)”；the other表示“(兩者中的)另一個(gè)；one another“相互”;one“一”?！咀兪教骄俊縏o her joy， Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues。Athat Bon

42、eCones Dthose【答案】A【解析】句意:使黛拉高興的是，她首先贏得了她的學(xué)生的信任,然后又獲得了同事的信任.空后面的of her colleagues與前面的of her students是同樣的結(jié)構(gòu),因此此空應(yīng)該選擇that來(lái)替代the trust，以避免重復(fù).高頻考點(diǎn)六 it， one， ones, the one（s）， that和those的辨析例6 (2019天津卷)A study shows the students who are engaged in after。school activities are happier than _ who are not.Aone

43、s BthoseCthese Dthem【答案】B【解析】考查代詞。句意：一項(xiàng)研究表明，參加課后活動(dòng)的學(xué)生比不參加課后活動(dòng)的學(xué)生更快樂(lè)。本句中為了避免重復(fù),需用those代替the students。故選B?！九e一反三】The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _ on the small ones。Aone BthisCthat Dit【答案】C【解析】句意：大街上的綠燈比小街上的綠燈亮得時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。that在此處替代前面提到的traffic,以避免重復(fù).one泛指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；this通常指代下文要提到的事情

44、；it指代上文出現(xiàn)的同一事物?！咀兪教骄俊緼t our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine。Athem BtheseCthose Dones【答案】C【解析】句意:我們工廠里的一些機(jī)器與這本雜志里描述的那些機(jī)器很相似?？崭裉帒?yīng)用those表特指，替代前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞machines。注意題干中machines后有限制語(yǔ)described in this magazine,故不能用表泛指的ones，若選ones，則應(yīng)在其前加上the?！咀兪教骄俊縃alf of _ surveyed

45、 in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.Athese BsomeCones Dthose【答案】D【解析】句意：來(lái)自16個(gè)國(guó)家的受訪人當(dāng)中有一半人說(shuō)，在他們有最強(qiáng)烈的愿望和最恐懼的時(shí)候，他們首先想到他們最親近的朋友.所以這里用those來(lái)指代前面提到的那些被調(diào)查的人.高頻考點(diǎn)七 復(fù)合不定代詞的辨析例7 _ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it。

46、AAnybodyBEverybodyCNobody DSomebody【答案】C【解析】句意：沒(méi)有人能持續(xù)四十年把某件事做得很好，除非他熱愛(ài)它。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)用Nobody?！咀兪教骄俊?This project requires close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well together。ANothing BAnythingCSomething DEverything【答案】A【解析】句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要密切的合作,除非我們通力合作,否則一事無(wú)成。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ)，故選A。一、介詞1。【2019江蘇

47、卷】27.Favorable policies are _ to encourage employees professional development。A. in effectB。 in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ).句意：好的制度政策實(shí)際上都會(huì)激發(fā)員工的專(zhuān)業(yè)水平的提升。A。 in effect實(shí)際上；B。 in command指揮；C. in turn輪流,依次；D. in shape在外形上，處于良好的狀態(tài).故選A。2?！?019新課標(biāo)I卷】Modem methods _63_ tracking polar bear popul

48、ations have been employed only since the mid-1980s， and are expensive to perform （perform） consistently over a large area.【答案】of/for【解析】考查介詞用法。此處tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定語(yǔ),用of 連接，“methods of doing sth.”,意為“的方法”，構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu).或者意為“對(duì)于跟蹤北極熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。3?！?019新課標(biāo)III卷】We were first

49、greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs,seven to be exact?！敬鸢浮縪f【解析】考查介詞?！癮 pack of”意為“一群”。故填of。4.【2019浙江卷】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _61_ this question is not clear?！敬鸢浮縯o【解析】考查介詞.句意：這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案不清楚。the key/answer to 。這是固定搭配，“的答案是”。故填to。1.【2018北京】Good morning, Mr。 Le

50、es office。Good morning. Id like to make an appointment _ next Wednesday afternoon.A. for B. on C. in D。 at【答案】A【解析】考查介詞.句意：早上好,Lee先生辦公室。早上好。我想預(yù)約下周三下午（和Mr。 Lee見(jiàn)面)。make an appointment for意為“為預(yù)約”，是固定搭配，故A選項(xiàng)正確。2?！?018江蘇】Chinas softpowergrows_ theincreasingappreciationandunderstanding of China globally.A

51、. in line with B. in reply toC。 in return for D。 in honour of【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:中國(guó)的軟實(shí)力增長(zhǎng)與日俱增全球?qū)χ袊?guó)的賞識(shí)和理解相一致。A. in line with按照;與。.。一致;B. in reply to答復(fù);C. in return for作為 。.。 的報(bào)酬;D. in honour of為紀(jì)念。故選A。3。【2018天津】Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he we

52、nt _.A. at first B. after allC。 above all D。 at random【答案】B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：鮑勃認(rèn)為他不能去參加聚會(huì)，因?yàn)樗坏貌粚?xiě)一份報(bào)告，但他終究去了。A。 at first起初；B. after all畢竟,終究。C。 above all首先;D. at random隨便地。根據(jù)前面的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞可知，與前面情況相反，故選B。1（2017江蘇)Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival。A。 i

53、n contrast to B. in defense ofC. in face of D。 in relation to【答案】D 【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：根據(jù)周?chē)沫h(huán)境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項(xiàng)極其重要的技能.A. in contrast to對(duì)比,截然不同;B. in defense of為辯護(hù)；C。 in face of面對(duì)；D. in relation to與有關(guān).故選D。2（2017北京)Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing industry。A。 at B. in C。 on D. by【答

54、案】B【解析】許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業(yè)來(lái)謀生的。此處用介詞in,不用by，因?yàn)閎y后面通常接做什么事情來(lái)謀生，此處是指在捕魚(yú)這個(gè)行業(yè)里，在這個(gè)行業(yè)里謀生,用in，故選B.3（2017天津）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California， you will be _ trees that are over 1,000 years old。A。 among B. against C。 behind D. below【答案】A【解析】 句意:當(dāng)你開(kāi)車(chē)穿過(guò)加州的紅木森林時(shí)，你將會(huì)位于超過(guò)百年歷史的樹(shù)木之間。 be among 位于之

55、間; be against 反對(duì); be behind 在后面； be below在之下。根據(jù)句意,故選A。1(2016新課標(biāo)，64）But my connection with pandas goes back _ my days on a TV show in the mid.1980s，when I was the first。.?！敬鸢浮縯o【解析】句意：但是我與熊貓之間的聯(lián)系要追溯到20世紀(jì)80年代中期我在一檔電視節(jié)目的時(shí)候，那是我第一次。go back to“追溯到”，是固定短語(yǔ)。2（2016新課標(biāo)，44）Most of us are more focused _ our task

56、s in the morning than we are later in the day.【答案】on【解析】句意：我們大多數(shù)人在早晨時(shí)對(duì)任務(wù)的注意力要比晚些時(shí)候的注意力更集中。be focused on意為“集中于”。3（2016新課標(biāo)，70)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia。In India,for example，most people traditionally eat _ their hands。【答案】with【解析】句意：筷子并非被亞洲的所有國(guó)家（的人民）使用.例如在印度,大部分的人習(xí)慣用手吃飯。with“用”，符合句意。4(

57、2016四川,67)The mother continued to care for the young panda _ more than two years?！敬鸢浮縡or【解析】句意:這位母親持續(xù)照顧熊貓幼崽兩年多?！癴or一段時(shí)間作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示“持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間”。5（2016浙江，16）In this article，you need to back up general statements _ specific examples。【答案】with【解析】句意：在這篇文章中，你需要用具體的例子來(lái)支持總的觀點(diǎn).根據(jù)句意及結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里用介詞with表示“用”。6(2016天津，8）Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice _ her opinion on the subject?！敬鸢浮縯o【解