高中英語動詞時態(tài)PPT

1、關(guān)于高中英語動詞時態(tài)第一張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 Tenses This lecture is about the contents of tenses. Put the following sentences into English (1)我正在看書. (2)他將來. (3)你作業(yè)做完了嗎？ (1)Im reading a book.(2)He will come.(3)Have you finished your homework?第二張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 從以上這三句句子中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語的動詞不會因?yàn)楸磉_(dá)的動作，發(fā)生的時間不同而發(fā)生形態(tài)上的變化

2、，而是用“正在”、“經(jīng)?！薄ⅰ皩ⅰ?、“已經(jīng)”等來表示動作的時間和方式。而英語中，則用動詞的形式變化來表達(dá)動作的時間和方式。第三張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I am reading a book.（由助動詞am+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞reading構(gòu)成，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。）He will come.（由助動詞will+動詞原形come構(gòu)成，表示動作將要發(fā)生，構(gòu)成一般將來時。）Have you finished your homework? (由助動詞have+動詞過去分詞finished構(gòu)成，表示動作的完成與否，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。）第四張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月

3、何謂動詞時態(tài)： 英語中不同時間和方式發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)要用謂語動詞的不同形式來表達(dá)，這種動詞形式稱作動詞時態(tài)。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的時間可以有“現(xiàn)在”、“過去”、“將來”、和“過去將來”四種,發(fā)生的方式有“一般”、“進(jìn)行”、“完成”和“完成進(jìn)行”四種。這樣可以組合英語中的十六種時態(tài)，到高中結(jié)束我們共要學(xué)習(xí)十六種時態(tài)，到初三結(jié)束我們必須掌握八種時態(tài)。第五張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一般現(xiàn)在時 ( The Present Indefinite Tense)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 (The Present Continuous Tense)一般將來時 (The Future Indefinite Tens

4、e)現(xiàn)在完成時 (The Present Perfect Tense)一般過去時 (The Past Indefinite Tense)過去進(jìn)行時 (The Past Continuous Tense)過去將來時 (The Past Future Tense)過去完成時 (The Past Perfect Tense)第六張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.The sun rises in the east. 2.They are playing video games at the moment. 3.I have been in Beijing for half a year.

5、4.What were you doing at 4 yesterday afternoon? (一般現(xiàn)在時)(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)(現(xiàn)在完成時)（過去進(jìn)行時）Make out what tenses they are.第七張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.By the time he was nine, he had spoken English very fluently. 6.She was sure she would make great progress in the future. 7. He will tell you something interesting. 8.Th

6、e musician had a very nice piano in 1980. (過去完成時)（過去將來時）(一般將來時)（一般過去時）第八張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Now lets analyze each tense.一、一般現(xiàn)在時 ( The Present Indefinite Tense)1、用法:（1）表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作Father often _( go) to work on foot.goes（2）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語的特征He _(be) busy at the moment.is（3）表示客觀真理、諺語等Trains _(run) faster t

7、han cars.run第九張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（4）用于時間或條件狀語從句中，一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。 We will go to the park if it _(not rain) tomorrow. We will leave for home as soon as the meeting _(be) over tomorrow.2、 句子基本結(jié)構(gòu) ：肯定句：S (主語)+動詞原形/動詞第三人稱單數(shù) + 否定句: S +dont/doesnt + 動詞原形 +疑問句：Do/does+S + 動詞原形 +? doesnt rainis第十張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作

8、于2022年6月3、常與下列時間狀語連用: 通常與表示頻度（即動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)多少）意義的副詞或詞組連用.For example: always, often, usually, seldom, never, every day, from time to time, now and then（偶而）,once a month, twice a year, at the moment,generally, etc第十一張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 (The Present Continuous Tense)1、用法：（1）表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作。The dog _(

9、run) after a cat now.is running（2）表示一階段正在進(jìn)行的動作（但說話時不一定進(jìn)行）They_(build) the restaurant these days.are building2、常用時間狀語：now, at the moment, these years, etc.第十二張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：S+ am /is/ are +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+否定句：S+ am /is/are+ not +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+疑問句：Am/is /are+ S+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+?4、須注意的問題： 某些表示感官知覺與心理狀態(tài)的動詞一般不

10、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，而用一般現(xiàn)在時。 For example: see ,hear, smell, taste,think, like,hate, want, know, have, wish, etc. He wants to visit his grandfather now.第十三張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、一般將來時 (The Future Indefinite Tense)1、用法：表示將來某個時刻將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。They _(fly) to Japan the day after tomorrow. will fly2、常與下列時間狀語連用：tomorrow

11、, the day after tomorrow, next week, next year,this week, this coming Saturday, tonight, in an hour, soon, etc.第十四張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：S +shall/will/be going to + 動詞原形+否定句:S +shall/will /be going to +not+ 動詞原形+疑問句:Shall/will/ +S+ 動詞原形?Am/Is/Are+S+going to+動詞原形? 口語中大量使用be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示事先

12、打算，有意圖要發(fā)生的動作或客觀情況下即將要發(fā)生的動作。For example:Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.第十五張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Miss Green _(come) to the party next Sunday.is coming(2) Look! The old man _(die). We must send him to the hospital at once.is dying4、須注意的問題： 有些表示位置移動或狀態(tài)改變的動詞（go, come, leave, arrive, die 等等）,用它們的進(jìn)

13、行時來表示即將發(fā)生的動作。第十六張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、現(xiàn)在完成時 (The Present Perfect Tense)1、用法：1)表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果(1)They_(buy) a new house.（影響是他們有新房子住了）have bought(2) She_ (lose) her ring. （影響是她現(xiàn)在沒有戒子）has lost2)表示過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài), 常與“for+時間段”或“since+時間點(diǎn)或從句”連用。have learned(2) They_ (stay) in this hotel since last

14、Tuesday. have stayed (1) We_ (learn) English for seven years.第十七張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、常與這些時間狀語連用:already, never, ever, yet, before, twice,this month, so far, up to now, in the past/last few years,since,for,etc.肯定句: S + have/has+動詞過去分詞+否定句:S + havent/hasnt+動詞過去分詞+疑問句: Have/has + S +動詞過去分詞+3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：第

15、十八張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4、注意的問題:1）have/has been to 與have/has gone to 區(qū)別: have/has been to 表示“曾到過某地”，說明有過某種經(jīng)歷。 Have/has gone to 表示“已去某地”，在途中或已到目的地。(1) She _Qindao（她已去青島了）has gone to(2) I _Canada（我去過加拿大）have been to2）瞬間動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的區(qū)別：瞬問動詞表示短暫不能持續(xù)一段時間的動作。如come, go, leave, start, begin, buy, become, die等 而持

16、續(xù)性動詞表示能持續(xù)一段時間的動作。如work, stay, live, learn 等第十九張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Tell the following sentences true or false. I have bought the calculator for a week. ( ) (2)I have had the calculator for a week. ( ) FT 第一句動詞buy 屬于瞬間動詞，瞬間動詞不能與“for + 時間段”、“since + 時間點(diǎn)或從句”連用，如果要用，必須將瞬間動詞改成持續(xù)性動詞。leave die buy put on b

17、orrow becomebe away be dead have wear keep be ajoin the army fall ill catch a cold go outbe in the army be ill have a cold be outfinish/end arrive here begin/startbe over be here be on第二十張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3）since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中謂語動詞通常用一般過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。We_(stay) in this school since we _ (come) to the cit

18、y.have stayedcame4）句型：It is +時間段+ since +瞬間動詞過去式，自從It is six weeks since they came here.第二十一張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5）現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時區(qū)別: 一般過去時表示過去的動作和狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系,著眼于過去,屬于過去時態(tài)范疇,一般過去時與過去時間狀語連用。 現(xiàn)在完成時盡管動作也發(fā)生在過去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響與結(jié)果，著眼于現(xiàn)在，屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)范疇，現(xiàn)在完成時與表示到現(xiàn)在為止的時間狀語連用。第二十二張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月五、一般過去時 (The Past Indefi

19、nite Tense)1、用法：1）表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。I _(go) to visit a friend of mine yesterday afternoon. went(2) He_ (be) a soldier three years ago.was2）表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。 She often_ (ride)a bike for half an hour every morning when she was young.rode She used to ride a bike for half an hour every morning when she was y

20、oung.3）在時間、條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時。 He said he would give her the book if he _(see) her.saw第二十三張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月yesterday, last week, just now, two weeks ago, in 1956, once, once upon a time, a moment ago,etc.2、 常與下列時間狀語連用:3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：S+動詞過去式+ 或 S+was/were+否定句：S +didnt + 動詞原形 + 或 S + wasnt/werent +疑問句：D

21、id +S +動詞原形 +? 或Was/Were +S+?第二十四張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4、注意的問題：1)有時句中雖沒有表示確定的過去時間狀語，但根據(jù)實(shí)際語言意境可判斷動作或狀態(tài)是過去發(fā)生的。(2) I _(forget) to bring my calculator with me.forgot2）描寫已故之人的動作或狀態(tài)均需用一般過去時。 Mark Twain _(write)a lot of short stories in his life.wrote第二十五張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月We _(have) a meeting the whole m

22、orning yesterday.were having六、過去進(jìn)行時 (The Past Continuous Tense)1、用法：1）表示過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。 He _(walk) down the street this time yesterday.was walking2）表示過去某一時間內(nèi)正進(jìn)行的動作。第二十六張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3）表示在過去某個過程發(fā)生的動作，這個過程往往用過去進(jìn)行時表示。(1)I _(read) an English book when he came to see me.was reading(2)My mother came

23、 bake while I_ (do)my homework.was doing(While 表示“在期間”，因此所引導(dǎo)從句是延續(xù)性動詞，而 when 引導(dǎo)從句，動作有短暫也有延續(xù)的,在這類情況下，延續(xù)性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時)第二十七張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句: S + was/were +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+否定句: S + wasnt/werent +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+疑問句: Was/Were + S +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+ 2、(1)常與 at that time, this time yesterday, at eight yesterday evening, f

24、rom eight to ten 等短語連用。 (2)用在 when,while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。第二十八張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月七、過去將來時 (The Past Future Tense)1、用法： 表示從過去的某一時候來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。(1) Mother promised that she_ (take) me to the park this Sunday.would take(2) Coke said that he_(make) a trip to the seaside next Tuesday.was going to make 2、常帶t

25、he next week/day, the following week/ month 等時間狀語，多用在賓語從句中。第二十九張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句: S + would/should+動詞原形 + 或 S +was/were going to +動詞原形 +否定句: S + wouldnt/shouldnt+動詞原形 + 或S + wasnt/werent going to +動詞原形 +疑問句: Would/should +S +動詞原形 + 或 Was/Were +S+going to+動詞原形 +第三十張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6

26、月八、過去完成時 (The Past Perfect Tense)1、用法： 表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，可以用五個字簡單概括為“過去的過去”。(1) By last night we_ (get) everything ready for the party. （把一切準(zhǔn)備好發(fā)生在昨天晚上之前）(2) Before he joined NBA, Yao Ming_ (play) for a basketball team in Shanghai for several years. （在上?；@球隊(duì)打球發(fā)生在參加NBA之前） had gothad played第三十一張

27、，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、常與by the end of, before, after 等構(gòu)成的短語和與when, before, after 等引導(dǎo)的時間從句連用，還可用 在賓語從句中。3、句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句: S + had+動詞過去分詞+否定句: S + hadnt +動詞過去分詞+疑問句: Had + S +動詞過去分詞+ 第三十二張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.Water_ (freeze) at the temperature 0.freezesAnalyze the following examples.評析：此句雖沒有時間狀語，但水在0度結(jié)冰是

28、客觀規(guī)律，所以應(yīng)填一般現(xiàn)在時。2. Its late at night. Dad _still _ (work) hard to find a solution.is working評析：第一句的is說明現(xiàn)在正在晚上，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。3.The worlds first great nurse Nightinga -les birthday _ (become) International Nurses Day in 1974.became第三十三張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月評析：此句的時間狀語是“in 1974”，明確表示過去的時間，說明謂語動詞是過去發(fā)生的動作或情況，故用一般

29、過去時。4.What_ you_(do) when I called you yesterday evening?weredoing評析：此句是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，在過去特定時刻動作發(fā)生時，另一動作正在進(jìn)行，所以用過去進(jìn)行時。5. The headmaster told us that we _ (build) a computer room next year.would build評析：此句為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句，要注意主句和從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，主句的謂語動詞told是過去時，從句的時間狀語 next year為將來時間狀語，所以填過去將來時。第三十四張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作

30、于2022年6月6. The rain _ (stop). Shall we go on with our volleyball match?has stopped評析：雨水停止這一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是繼續(xù)可以打排球，現(xiàn)在完成時其中一個用法表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果， 所以填現(xiàn)在完成時，不可填一般過去時。7.I have no idea if she _(come) this afternoon. If she _(come), I”ll let you know.will comecomes評析：第一個if 解釋為“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，時間狀語 this afternoon

31、 表示將來的時間，主句的動作 have no idea 屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài) ，所以填一般將來時。而第二個if解釋為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句一般將來時，從句必須用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。第三十五張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月8. I_(see) Mr Li yesterday. We_(not see) each other since 2000.sawhadnt seen評析：第一句時間狀語yesterday顯而易見用一般過去時。第二句時間狀語 since 1990按照現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的用法應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在完成時，但是此句動作not see發(fā)生在yesterday之前，所以必須用過去完成時

32、。9.They have told me that he_ (buy) a new car next term.will buy評析：這是一句含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的復(fù)合句，主句現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)范圍，根據(jù)從句時間狀語next term，所以應(yīng)填一般將來時，而不是過去將來時。第三十六張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10. Mr. Zhang, a famous teacher in Shanghai, _ (go) to give lectures in Yunnan last year. He _ ( stay) there for a term. Yesterday he

33、 returned home. He told us that he _ (make) quite a few good friends there. The newspaper said more good teachers _(send) to Yunnan sometime next year.wentstayed/had stayedwould be senthad made第三十七張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月評析：整段時態(tài)需上下聯(lián)系，分析后再落筆。Last year為過去時間狀語，故go為一般過去時。 returned home為過去時，故stay為過去開始一直延續(xù)到昨

34、天回家，所以用過去完成時，因?yàn)閟tay本身為延續(xù)性動詞，故一般過去時也可以。后面一句為賓語從句，在告訴我們之前已經(jīng)交了許多朋友，所以仍用過去完成時。最后一句也是賓語從句，主句是過去時態(tài)，從句時間狀語sometime next year 表示將來的時間，且send 后沒有sb，所以用過去將來時的被動語態(tài)。第三十八張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、 Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms.1.We_ (solve) the problems later on.2.You_(get) wet if you_ (go)

35、 out without an umbrella.3._(not throw) paper on the ground.4. A: What_you_(do) at the moment ? B: I_(go) over my lessons. A: When_ you_( start) going over your lessons? B: An hour ago.5._ you ever_(hear) about the Egyptian Mummy Exhibition at Shanghai Museum?Complete the following exercises .will s

36、olvewill getgoDont throwaredoingam goingdidstartHaveheard第三十九張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6.Your story_ (sound) interesting. You read a lot, dont you?7.We _ (build) ten factories in this small town since 1990. 8.The old people and children must _ (take) good care of.9. Mary told the boy_(not take) the magaz

37、ines out of the reading room. 10.He decided that he_(not say) anything about it.11.The Class Four students_(listen) to a lecture about UFOS this time yesterday.12.As we all know, a lot of changes _ (take place)in our city in the past ten years.soundshave built be takenwould not saywere listeninghave

38、 taken placenot to take第四十張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月13.It_(be) three months since I posted the letter .14.He_(work) in our school for five years before he_(go) to America 15.Englishmen seldom _(talk) in the underground.16.They _(not get) off the bus until the rain stops. 17.They couldnt help_(jump) when

39、they heard the good news. ishad workedwenttalkwont getjumping第四十一張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月18.Franklin used to _ (eat) American food,but now he has been used to _(eat) the food here19.While we _ (travel) in Australia last summer, I visited Lucy who once taught English in our school.20. The Conference on

40、Scaling Up Poverty Reduction(扶貧大會) _ (hold) in Shanghai in May ,2004.21.The Shanghai Radio and TV Tower _ (lie) in Pudong New District.eateatingwere travellingwas heldlies第四十二張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月22. Last Saturday we_(climb) Mount Tai to watch the sunrise. When we got to the top, the sun_(rise). Wha

41、t a shame! There we_(tell) to be earlier the next time.climbedhad risenwere told第四十三張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、Choose the best answer1.Hes never been to England,_? A.is he B.isnt he C.has he D.hasnt he2.The poor man_in bed up to now. He has no money to see a doctor. A.had laid B.had lain C.has lain D.ha

42、s laid3.Neither he nor I_ interested in playing video games. A.am B.is C.are D./4.You_worry about your son. He will be well soon. A.neednt to B.need to C.dont need D.dont need to5.Internet bars mustnt let people under 18 in or let anybody_bad things. A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watchesACADA第四十四張

43、，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6.Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris Charles De Gaulle Airport_ the whole roof fell down. A.while B.as soon as C.when D.after7.A:Would you mind telling me_recently? B:Of course not. A.where did he live B.where does he live C.where he lives D.where

44、he lived8.I wonder if you_( go) there by bus or by train tomorrow. A.would go B.will go C.goes D.goCCB第四十五張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、Correct the mistakes. (There is only one mistake in each sentence)1.Mr Smith doesnt be in now. He has gone to New York.2.The teacher said that the earth went around the su

45、n.3.The boy is very sad now because he had just lost his new bike.4.By the time she was fifteen, She started to teach herself computer science.doesnt be _isntwent_ goeshad_hasstarted_ had started第四十六張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 5.You should apologized to him.6.Plastics are used to making many things.7.The

46、old man has died for several years. 8. I said I would show him the picture when I finish it.9. His job at the moment is organize the school sports meetingdied_been deadfinish_finishedorganize_to organizeapologized_ apologizeto making_to make第四十七張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10.Bob as well as his friends do s

47、ome reading every morning.11. They invited to take part in Miss Lis birthday party last Sunday.12.Jessica prefered milk to tea three years ago.13.Im sorry I didnt hear you because I am listening to music.prefered_preferredinvited_were inviteddo_doesam_was第四十八張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月14.While they had su

48、pper, all the lights went out.15. Scientists has studied the global warming for several years. They are working hard to find a solution.16.The professor usually goes to see a film on Sundays when he was young. 17.Im looking forward to receive your letter.18.Yesterday afternoon I happened to meet my

49、old friend.We have been away from each other for about ten years.goes_wenthave_hadhad_were havinghas_haveto receive_receiving第四十九張，PPT共五十五頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the box in their proper forms.( not smoke, hold, remember, see, operate, watch)1.He didnt go to the cinema because he _ the film twice.2.Jack was asked _cigarettes on the bus.3.He still_ riding a bicycle in the street for the first time now. 4.The hall i