交流 小學英語詞匯教學建議課件

1、小學英語詞匯教學建議魯子問華中師范大學 教授 國家英語課程標準專家組成員詞匯：學什么？詞匯學習的內(nèi)容語義書面語、口語形式語法行為(grammatical behavior) 搭配(collocations) 語域(register)關聯(lián)屬性(association) 詞頻 (frequency) 詞形 book, books, booking, booked 讀音 /bk/ /bks/ /bki/ /bkt/詞性 1. 名詞；2.動詞語義：book = “書”嗎？搭配：cook the book, closed book連用：book語法行為：book語域：名詞所有語域，動詞較正式語域詞頻：名

2、詞為口筆前1000詞，動詞為口語前2000詞語用：名詞可在正式與非正式場合使用 動詞用于正式語篇使用多于非正式語篇確定詞匯教學內(nèi)容-book為例A Word: BookFrom Collins1 N-COUNT A book is a number of pieces of paper, usually with words printed on them, which are fastened together and fixed inside a cover of stronger paper or cardboard. Books contain information, stories

3、, or poetry, for example. His eighth book came out earlier this year and was an instant best-seller. .the author of a book on politics. .reference books. 2 N-COUNT usu N of n A book of something such as stamps, matches, or tickets is a small number of them fastened together between thin cardboard co

4、vers. Can I have a book of first class stamps please?3 VERB V n, V n n, V-ed When you book something such as a hotel room or a ticket, you arrange to have it or use it at a particular time. British officials have booked hotel rooms for the women and children. Laurie revealed she had booked herself a

5、 flight home last night. .three-star restaurants that are normally booked for months in advance.4 N-PLURAL A companys or organizations books are its records of money that has been spent and earned or of the names of people who belong to it. (BUSINESS) For the most part he left the books to his manag

6、ers and accountants. Around 12 per cent of the people on our books are in the computing industry. 5 VERB V n When a referee books a football player who has seriously broken the rules of the game, he or she officially writes down the players name. League referee Keith Cooper booked him in the first h

7、alf for a tussle with the goalie.10 PHRASE v-link PHR If you say that someone or something is a closed book, you mean that you do not know anything about them. Frank Spriggs was a very able man but something of a closed book. Economics was a closed book to him.11 PHRASE v-link PHR If a hotel, restau

8、rant, theatre, or transport service is fully booked, or booked solid, it is booked up. The car ferries from the mainland are often fully booked by February.12 PHRASE PHR with cl In my book means in my opinion or according to my beliefs. The greatest manager there has ever been, or ever will be in my

9、 book, is retiring.13 to cook the books If you say that someone has cooked the books, you mean that they have changed figures or a written record in order to deceive people. (INFORMAL)小學目標： 第一：教材語境的基本語義 第二：教材語境的基本語法行為 第三：讀音 第四：教材語境的基本詞形詞匯：教什么？通過教材語境，掌握詞匯用法，能運用所學詞匯在類似教材語境理解與表達小學詞匯教學重點詞匯運用能力詞匯搭配詞匯讀音，尤

10、其是對于母語不是拼音文字的漢族等學生詞形，小學階段存在認知困難小學詞匯教學難點小學英語詞匯有效教學方法2. 用多種方式真實呈現(xiàn)詞匯在語境中完整呈現(xiàn)詞形、讀音、語義、語法行為、語用等同一語境用不同語音、語調(diào)反復呈現(xiàn)同一語境用不同情感、動作反復呈現(xiàn)在近似語境中反復呈現(xiàn)讀音和詞形在最近發(fā)展區(qū)之內(nèi)，擴展呈現(xiàn)在生活相關話題，擴展呈現(xiàn)A lesson.4. 用簡單語句強化新學詞匯形成對新學詞匯的強刺激，有助于記憶新學詞匯強刺激可以是強烈的語境，如teacher都可以通過強語境形成強刺激但語句結構一定要簡單，才能不影響強刺激的記憶效果若語句結構過于復雜，則會導致對結構的記憶Im a teacher.Im a

11、 teacher.Im a teacher.5. 基于課文或故事進行詞匯運用訓練基于已掌握簡單結構訓練新詞匯基于語境訓練與運用基于話題訓練與運用所有訓練與運用都應有語篇意識，一切在語篇基礎上學習和訓練詞不離句，句不離篇比如一節(jié)課的所有詞匯例句都在一個故事背景下展開Im 2 years old.6. 基于詞匯圖訓練詞義理解體驗語篇中的詞匯讀音體驗語境中的詞匯節(jié)奏、讀音、重音等，培養(yǎng)語感訓練語篇、語境中的節(jié)奏、讀音、重音等，培養(yǎng)語感8. 結合技能教學開展詞匯教學：聽語篇中接觸詞匯詞形、語法行為、搭配連用等語篇中理解詞匯的語義語境中建立話題詞匯圖語境中綜合掌握詞匯8. 結合技能教學開展詞匯教學：讀案

12、例：讀故事中學習shootsA panda bear walks into a restaurant. He orders the special and eats it. After eating, he pulls out a pistol, kills the waiter and starts to walk out the door.The owner gets out a dictionary and looks under the heading “panda. It reads: panda：black and white animal; eats shoots and lea

13、ves.從詞匯開始說語句有意義地說詞匯語句從詞匯到語句用圖片引導說用語境引導說8. 結合技能教學開展詞匯教學：說語句層面的詞匯抄寫（單獨抄寫一個詞，只能訓練詞形記憶，對于詞匯學習的作用不大）不單獨進行無語句的單詞拼寫訓練語篇中詞匯的運用語境中詞匯的運用主動的說能較好地遷移為有效的寫8. 結合技能教學開展詞匯教學：寫9. 復現(xiàn)強化詞匯學習注意提高詞匯復現(xiàn)率讀音、詞形、用法全部要復現(xiàn)語境復現(xiàn)，同時近似語境遷移讓學生不斷檢查前面鞏固過的內(nèi)容是否掌握，讓學生形成自我鞏固的良好習慣按教材內(nèi)容順序進行基礎性鞏固，每一節(jié)課解決一個關鍵的基礎問題，形成全體學生全部達到的基礎基礎性的詞匯必須全部掌握經(jīng)?；仡櫱懊骒柟踢^的內(nèi)容注意強化基礎小 結詞匯重點不是詞形和讀音，而是其語法行為、搭配與連用合理把握小學生詞匯學習目標選擇真實語境方式交替呈現(xiàn)進行訓練用簡單結構呈現(xiàn)和訓練新詞匯一切詞匯教學應基