【精編版】中考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句（講義及練習(xí)）

1、賓語(yǔ)從句概念：在復(fù)合句中，由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，這個(gè)句子就叫賓語(yǔ)從句。而賓語(yǔ)一般有動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，介詞賓語(yǔ)和形容詞賓語(yǔ)，所以有動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞賓語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句He thinks (that) math is so easy.I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一樣或與我不同。Mike believes June is the hottest month in a year.He wondered if/whether he could get into a

2、 good university.I can do what I love to do.我能做我喜歡做的事。We never know what will happen in the future.我們絕不會(huì)知道未來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。介詞賓語(yǔ)從句Were interested in what she is doing.我們對(duì)她所做的很感興趣。Good learners think about what they”re good at and what they need to practice more.好的學(xué)習(xí)者會(huì)思考他們擅長(zhǎng)什么和需要多練習(xí)什么。We should think about how

3、 we can do better next time.I have to be very careful about what I say or do.我不得不謹(jǐn)言慎行。形容詞賓語(yǔ)從句Im sure that we will win the game.Im so glad I tried it.He was really worried that his coach might kick him off the team.Im so glad that I canceled my plan to go to the market.賓語(yǔ)從句的三種考點(diǎn)形式當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)，用關(guān)聯(lián)詞that引

4、導(dǎo),在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略that.I know (that) the Water Festival is really fun.Many think (that) sharks are too strong to be endangered.Mary told me (that) she would go shopping the next day.注意：that在賓語(yǔ)從句中可省略,但在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列賓語(yǔ)從句中，從第二個(gè)that起，不能省略。如：I know (that) my mother loves me and that my father loves me ,too.Man

5、y people know (that) the accident has caused much damage and that some people are injured in it.They said (that) this water would help people lose weight and that one customer had already lost a lot of weight in just four months.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而成時(shí)，用if或 whether引導(dǎo)，尤其注意賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，不能使用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序，即關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether

6、 +主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它句子成分。例1：Will they have the races again next year? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：I wonder if they will have the races again next year。此例中要把will they轉(zhuǎn)化為they will;例2:Does she know the secret? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：Im not sure whether she knows the secret.此例中不但要把does she know轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述語(yǔ)序，還要注意實(shí)義動(dòng)詞know的形式;例3：Did you finish your homewor

7、k? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：The teacher asked me if I had finished my homework.此例中的賓語(yǔ)從句也要同時(shí)注意語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)前后保持一致的問(wèn)題。if 和whether的區(qū)別：一般情況下if與whether可以互換，但是在以下幾種情況下，只能使用whether而不用if.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，使用whether，一般不用if。We had a discussion about whether young people should play computer games。It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天

8、。如果or not 放在whether之后時(shí)，只能用whether,不用if. 如：I dont know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是否會(huì)回來(lái)。句子中有if引導(dǎo)的條件句，如果再有表示“是否”的賓語(yǔ)從句，用whether不用if. 如：He asked me whether I”d move to New York if I got the job.他問(wèn)我如果我得的那份工作是否會(huì)搬家到紐約。當(dāng)特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，且賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，即特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+句子其它成分。例1：疑問(wèn)句：What should I do next

9、? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句為：I wonder what I should do next. 此句還可以寫(xiě)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：I wonder what to do next.例2：疑問(wèn)句：How can I get to the post office? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句為：Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? 此句還可以寫(xiě)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：Could you tell me how to get to the post office?例3：疑問(wèn)句：Where can I buy some medicine? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：Could you

10、please tell me where I can buy some medicine? 此句還可以寫(xiě)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：Could you tell me where to buy some medicine?例4：特殊疑問(wèn)句：When will we have a meeting? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：I want to know when we will have a meeting. 此句還可以寫(xiě)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：I want to know when to have a meeting.例5：特殊疑問(wèn)句：Where did you go last weekend? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：MY moth

11、er asked me where I went last weekend。此句中要注意使用實(shí)義動(dòng)詞go的正確形式例6：特殊疑問(wèn)句：When will you leave for America? 轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)從句：Mary ashed Mike when he would leave for America. 此句中要注意使用will的正確形式。總結(jié)：總而言之，正確使用賓語(yǔ)從句，一定要注意三個(gè)方面：其一是賓語(yǔ)從句要使用陳述語(yǔ)序：其二是主從句前后的時(shí)態(tài)要保持一致。當(dāng)然，具體情況具體分析，如：When I was a child, I didnt know the earth moves arou

12、nd the sun.此句中的“地球繞著太陽(yáng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”是一個(gè)客觀(guān)事實(shí)，科學(xué)真理，總是使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；其三是要注意上下句之間的邏輯意義是否通順，是否合情理，這一點(diǎn)在選擇題中尤為重要。練習(xí)： 賓語(yǔ)從句一. 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空.1.Wang Hong said _ she was cooking at 6:00 yesterday morning.2. I wonder _ I can get some advice from you.3. - Could you please tell me _ the cinema is?- Its between the park and the restauran

13、t.4. - Do you know _ Mr. Black will come back?-Maybe next Monday. Im not sure.5.- I wonder _ Anna refused to come to my party.- Er, her parents didnt allow her to go out on school days.6. I dont know _ or not they will come for our help.7. His father is worried about _ he lost his job.8. Our geograp

14、hy teacher said _ the earth _ (go ) around the sun.9.- I dont know _ I can improve my spoken English.- You can try to speak as much as possible.10. - Tom, Lisa called and asked _ you would go to zoo with her.- Sure. You know, I like animals.11. He never told us _ he lived with.12.- Do you know _ the

15、 man with glasses is?- Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.二.根據(jù)上下句改寫(xiě)句子。1. Where does Alice live? I dont know _ _ _.2. The girls dont know what they can do next. The girls dont know what _ _ next.3. Are you free to come to my place this Saturday ? Aaron asked me. Aaron asked me _ _ _ free to go to his plac

16、e that Saturday.4. Please tell me how I can get to the station. Please tell me _ _ _ to the station.5. What will he do to protect the animals? I asked Mike _ _ _ _ to protect the animals.三.單項(xiàng)選擇題。1. Lisa is studying abroad. She hasnt decided _ back to China because of the COVID-19.A. if she flies B.

17、whether she will fly C. when will she fly D. how will she fly2.- Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?-I dont think _.if it will come true B. that it will come trueC. why it will come true D. how it will come true.3. I have some tickets for the football match. I called my friends to see _.A

18、. where did they buy them B. why they liked to go thereC. when did we go together D. whether theyd like to go4. -I cant find you.- I dont know _. Im on the left side of a tree.who Im B. who am I C. where I am D. where am 5.- Could you tell me _ to the art museum?- Sure. Bus No.26.why youll go B. how

19、 I can get C.which is the way D. which bus I can take6. - What did our teacher say to you just now?- He asked me _.why I am sad B. if had I done my homeworkwhen did I do my homework D. how I planned to go on vacation7. Before you ask someone for help, find out _ he is the right person for your probl

20、em or not.A. since B. that C. whether D. if8.-Could you please tell me _ a show here next week?- OK. I will go to check.if there was going to be B. if there is going to be C. whether is there going to be D. whether there is going to have9. - Could you please tell me _ for the fruits?- By paying over

21、 the Internet.how much will I pay B. how much I will payC. how will I pay D. how I will pay10.- Your sweater looks nice. Could you tell me _?- Of course. Just at the shop near my school.where do you buy it B. where did you buy itC. where you bought it D. where you buy it11. My teacher asked me _ yesterday .A. why I a