2021-2022學(xué)年江蘇省常州市武進區(qū)禮嘉中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期第五次調(diào)研考試英語試題含解析

1、2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1 答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用05毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1I will be a vice president in a year or two.You cant be serious!_.AI can

2、t make it BI cant help it CI wont tell a soul DI wouldnt bet on it2_ the plant once a week if you are to get fruit in the autumn.AWatered BWatering CTo water DWater3All we have is 24 precious hours a day and therefore we shall waste _AnothingBnoneCneitherDno one4- Hi, Maria! I got the first place in

3、 the exam.- _ ! Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tonys.ACongratulations BCome on CGood luck DCheer up.5Much to my _, my vocabulary has expanded a great deal.AdelightingBdelightedCdelight6Thanks to the “sugar tax”， food factories have reduced sugar in their products, _ about 45 million

4、kilograms of sugar.Ato save BsavedCsaving Dhaving saved7The 114 colorful clay Warriors _ at No. 1 pit, _ in height from 1.8m to 2m, have black hair, green, white or pink faces, and black or brown eyes.Aunearthed; ranging Bunearthing; rangingCunearthed; ranged Dare unearthed; are ranging8When did you

5、 return last Friday?It was not until midnight _ it was raining hard.AwhenBwhichCthatDbefore9Its _ for people to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life.AreasonableBavailableCaccurateDcautious10Sympathy for the rebels, the government claimed, is beginning to _because of

6、 more and more harm they did to common people.AfadeBdeclineCfailDcollapse11Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.Awas testedBwill be testedCis being testedDhas been tested12We are living in an age_ QR codes(二維碼)are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.AwhyBthatCwho

7、seDwhen13Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.Its about 3 blocks away. I _ you there.Atook BtakeCwill take Dhave taken14I will fix your printer right now. Oh, _. Im in no hurry.Atake your time Bthats a great ideaCyou are welcome DId like to15Without my parents encourageme

8、nt and support I definitely _ where I am today.AwasntBhadnt beenCwouldnt beDwouldnt have been16It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I it?Ahad doneBhave doneCdidDam doing17Having battled with their _ over whether to offer help to an aged man or woman who has fallen over,

9、most people choose to help.AcompromiseBcontradictionCconscienceDcompetence18Modesty is a kind of good quality, which is _it takes to be your personal best.AwhatBwhereCwhichDwhen19During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch an unattended bag.Ahad always been warnedBwere al

10、ways being warnedCare always warningDalways warned20We believe _ you have been devoted to _ naturally of great necessity.Athat; beingBall that; beCthat all; areDwhat; is第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and

11、 food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception（感知） of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and

12、 the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how

13、much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of themin other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (新舊研究的差異）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professo

14、r of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.Hunger isnt controlled individually by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal， Brunstrom says. This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more com

15、plex than we thought.These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our bodys response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-relat

16、ed hormones （荷爾蒙），depending on whether the shakes label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought theyd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselve

17、s into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.1、What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite an

18、d food intake?AHow we feel the food we eat.BWhen we eat our meals.CWhat element the food contains.DHow fast we eat our meals.2、What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?AYou would probably be more particular about food.BYou would not feel like eating the same

19、 food.CYou would have a good appetite.DYou would not feel so hungry.3、What do we learn from the 2011 study?AFood labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.BFood labels may influence our bodys response to food.CHunger levels depend on ones consumption of calories.DPeople tend to take in a lot m

20、ore calories than necessary.4、What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite?ATrick ourselves into eating less.BChoose food with fewer calories.CConcentrate on food while eating.DPick dishes of the right size.5、What is the main idea of the passage?AEating distractions often affect our foo

21、d digestion.BPsychological factors influence our hunger levels.COur food intake is determined by our biological needs.DGood eating habits will contribute to our health.22（8分）Rules for Visitors to Shanghai DisneylandWelcome to Shanghai Disneyland. To ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for all our

22、 park guests, please keep in mind the following; Bags larger than 56cm36cm23cm are not permitted to be brought into the Park. Food is not allowed into the Park unless it is packaged, unopened and ready to be eaten without any preparation or processing. Proper clothes must be worn at all times while

23、visiting the Park. Please refer to Park guide map for smokinglocations or ask the staff for help. Access to attractions depends on the safety rules for each attraction. To board an attraction, children under 7 must be accompanied by a person aged 16 or older. Please plan for the route according to w

24、aiting time and opening hours of the attractions. You may not be able to experience all the attractions within on day.1、All visitors can _ in the Park.Acarry small handbagsBcook foodCsmoke in the open airDWear masks2、What can we learn from the rules?AAttractions have no safty rules at all.BChildren

25、are allowed in if they are not alone.CAdult are not allowed to wear costurnes or masks.DVisitors have to access all the attractions in one day.23（8分） A primary school in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province has announced it no longer requires parents to sign their childrens homework, which was aimed at getting

26、 parents to supervise(監(jiān)督) their children after school. China Youth Daily comments: Putting an end to the requirement that parents sign off on the homework of their children eases the burden on many parents, as otherwise they would have to do primary school homework after a hard days work. But there

27、are worries that if parents stop having to sign off on their childrens homework, the children will not get good grades.However, the most effective way for children to study is to develop their willingness to learn and do their own studies. When doing homework, students practice and hopefully apply w

28、hat they have learned. It is true that teachers are supposed to check students homework and identify their mistakes. But some parents correct their childrens mistakes by themselves when signing off on it.It is the duty of students to do their homework, be responsible for their studies and correct th

29、eir mistakes. Parents supervising their homework, checking their answers and dealing with the harder problems will only make children less aware of their mistakes and encourage them to wait for their parents help when they face any problems.Children have to manage their own learning and develop the

30、ability to study by themselves, as competence will not be achieved if a student simply repeats strict tasks in which he is assisted in school by teachers and at home by parents.A delayed satisfaction experiment conducted by Walter Mischel in the 1960s proved that children with better self-discipline

31、(自律) performed better in their studies and interpersonal relationships.There is little doubt that parents supervision can make childrens homework better. But it does not give children the chance to practice their ability to solve problems independently.1、Why does the author mention the primary schoo

32、ls announcement in the first paragraph?ATo express his doubts. BTo introduce the topic.CTo present an argument. DTo clarify his writing purpose.2、In the authors opinion, stopping signing kids homework mainly aims to _.Aease the burden on many parents.Bhelp children get good grades.Cincrease the kids

33、 awareness of being responsible for their studies.Dshift(轉(zhuǎn)移) the responsibility of supervising kids homework on to teachers.3、Which of the following can be an effect caused by parents stopping signing off?AChildrens grades will absolutely decrease.BChildren will lose confidence when facing any probl

34、ems.CChildren will simply repeat rigid tasks so as to practice themselves.DChildren will try to deal with their problems and mistakes by themselves.4、What is the authors attitude to parents stopping signing kids homework?ASupportive. BIndifferent.CNeutral. DOpposed24（8分）A study of 500，000 songs rele

35、ased（發(fā)行）in the UK between 193 and 2015 showed that pop music has decreased in happiness and increased in sadnessIn a report published in the journal Royal Society Open Science，researchers at the University of California examined hundreds of thousands of songs and classified them by their moodHappine

36、ssis going down，sadness is going up，and at the same time，the songs are becoming more danceable and more party-like，co-author Natalia LKomarova told The Associated PressThe study found songs in 2014 like Stay With Meby Sam Smith，Whispers by Passenger and Unmissable by Gorgon City to have a low happin

37、ess trendHowever，tracks from 193 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen，Would I Lie To You？ by Eurythmics and Freedomby Wham had a high happiness trendThe public seems to prefer happier songs， even though more and more unhappy songs are being released each year， the researchers wroteApart from the emo

38、tional trends，researcheis discovered that dance and pop were the most successful styles of music and that there was a clear downward trend，with the popularity oF rock beginning in the early 2000sSo it looks like，while the overall mood is becoming less happy，people seem to want to forget it all and d

39、ance， Komarova wrote in an emailIt was also found that the maleness of songsthe frequency of male singers in popular musichad decreased during the last 30 years Successful songs are characterised by a larger percentage of female artists compared to all songs，they WroteThis discovery appears at a tim

40、e when the convcrsation around sex equality in the music industry is at its height，with more male artists and songwriters1、The researchers examined lots of songs to Afind songs for dance and partyBchoose songs for a journalCrelease more songsDknow better about songs2、Whose music style tends to bring

41、 you more happiness？ANatalia LKomarovas BSam SmithsCGorgon Citys DBruce Springsteens3、What do we know about songs over the past three decades？ARock became popular in the early 2000sBFewer unhappy songs come to light every yearCMale singers are better at perrorming pop musicDFemale artists are less s

42、killed in writing songs4、What can be a suitable title for the text？APop Music Is Getting SadderBMusic Calls for Sex EqualityCPop Music Has a Long HistoryDMusic Industry Is Going Down25（10分）If only things were that simple. Supporters of the so-called Stone Age diet argue that farming practices introd

43、uced about 10,000 years ago are harmful to human health, and that we shouldnt eat grains or food made from milk such as butter and cheese. Instead, they say, we should only eat plenty of lean meat (瘦肉) and fish, with fruit and raw vegetables on the side.The idea, also called the caveman, or hunter-g

44、atherer diet, has been around for decades and was discussed at a meeting of the British Society for Allergy, Environmental and Nutritional Medicine.According to Lauren Cordain, a nutritionist at Colorado State University who presented the idea to the meeting, those following the meat-centered menu “

45、lose weight and get healthy by eating the food you were designed to eat”. He says there is increasing evidence that a caveman diet can prevent and treat many common western diseases. Studies of islanders in Papua New Guinea who still live a hunter-gatherer lifestyle show they rarely suffer from hear

46、t disease.But other nutritionists argue that cutting out whole food groups such as grains is just not a good idea.“I would recommend anybody to eat lean meat and raw vegetables,” says Toni Steer of the MRC human nutrition research unit at Cambridge. But what youre asking people to do is cut out a fo

47、od group which is good for your health.Archaeologists say its not even clear exactly how much of the various foods people actually ate during the Stone Age.“There was no one Stone Age diet; diets of the past varied greatly,” says John Gowlett, an archaeologist at the University of Liverpool who also

48、 attended the conference. Prehistoric people in Africa probably ate less meat than many people think, he says, while those in the northern, icy areas were forced to eat only whatever animals they could catch.“Im not convinced that we know what Stone Age man ate,” agrees Andre Millard, who researches

49、 ancient health and diet at Durham University. “The evidence we have only suggests the meat component of the diet. We get bones from animals they have eaten but we dont get the remains of any vegetables they have eaten because they rot (腐爛) away.1、To improve your health, Cordain suggests_.Alosing we

50、ight first Beating less meat and fishCgoing on the Stone Age diet Deating more fruit and vegetables2、What is Steers attitude towards eating grains?ADoubtful. BCautious. CTolerant. DSupportive.3、In Millards opinion, the evidence for the Stone Age diet_.Ashows nothing about the diets vegetable compone

51、ntBtells us about ancient peoples cooking methodsChas proven to be reliable and convincingDagrees with his research results4、What does the text mainly discuss?AHow the Stone Age evolved. BWhen the Stone Age diet started.CWhether the Stone Age diet is healthy. DWhy the Stone Age topic is getting popu

52、lar.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）When I was in the ninth grade, my parents started fighting. I could hear them 1 at each other at night. It always seemed like they were fighting about me. I started to 2 and couldnt fall asleep. Some nights I did

53、nt feel like I 3 at all. My grades really started to 4 too. It was hard to pay attention during class because I felt so 5 all the time.My mom had to take me to see a therapist(治療專家). On the way, I 6 to worry even more. What would my friends 7 me if they knew I was going to see a therapist? What if t

54、he therapist couldnt 8 me?It was not that 9 My therapist asked me a lot of questions and then we talked about how my life might 10 if I was able to get more sleep. 11 I understood how the future could be better, I felt really 12 to try new things. At the end of the session, I was sent home with a pi

55、ece of paper called a sleep diary. When I woke up each morning, I had to answer all these questions about my sleep. 13 , she gave me homework related to my sleep. I wasnt 14 to text or be on my computer after 8 pm. If I couldnt fall asleep after about ten minutes, she wanted me to get up and do some

56、thing in another room that would help me to 15 and feel sleepy.During the therapy sessions, she was a cheerleader for my life and kept 16 out all the things I was doing right. With her help, it was so much easier to notice the 17 things that were happening all around me.After about two months of see

57、ing my therapist, I was sleeping at least eight hours a night, sometimes even nine! I felt happier. I could 18 My grades got better. Basically, I felt like myself! It was so much better to admit that something was 19 and to do something to fix it 20 just watch my whole life get worse and worse.1、Ala

58、ughingBshootingCknockingDscreaming2、AdoubtBworryCprotestDquarrel3、AsleptBateCspokeDdreamed4、AreduceBchangeCdropDinfluence5、AboredBtiredCupsetDshy6、ArefusedBhappenedCendedDstarted7、Athink aboutBworry aboutCget on withDagree with8、AteachBfixCanswerDrecognize9、AhelpfulBinterestingCawfulDpractical10、Aim

59、proveBdevelopCbenefitDadjust11、AIfBUnlessCThoughDOnce12、AnervousBsurprisedCexcitedDcalm13、AThereforeBBesidesCHoweverDInstead14、AallowedBremindedCaskedDpersuaded15、AstudyBrelaxCrespondDrecover16、ApickingBtryingCleavingDpointing17、AtinyBexcitingCpositiveDimportant18、AforgiveBconcentrateCappreciateDund

60、erstand19、AwrongBsignificantCacceptableDrealistic20、Ainstead ofBas well asCrather thanDother than第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27（15分） Last Monday, some Australian students came to our school for a visit. They 1(show) to visit various optional courses. One of our teachers taught