現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)用法

1、現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)用法現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)用法現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)用法現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的多種構(gòu)造will/shall(not)+V(原型)“will/shall+不定式”平常用來(lái)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間。Will用于第一、二、三人稱主語(yǔ)，Shall用于第一人稱主語(yǔ)，都可表示將來(lái)時(shí)間，但這類將來(lái)意義經(jīng)常夾雜著神態(tài)意義，即帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀態(tài)度和見(jiàn)解，比方表示“預(yù)示（Prediction）”:ThenexttraintoBeijingwillleaveat8.Youwillfeelbetteraftertakingthismedicine.Hewontbehereintimeunle

2、sshecomesbyair.ImsureIshantlosemywayinthewoods.Weshallknowtheresultnextweek.2.will/shall(not)+V進(jìn)行體/達(dá)成體既然“will/shall+V(原型)”經(jīng)常夾雜著神態(tài)意義，假如我們要表示“純粹”將來(lái)，即可采用“will/shall+V(進(jìn)行體)”構(gòu)造。這類構(gòu)造平常帶有“自然要發(fā)生”的含義，因此不包括“意向”、“企圖”等神態(tài)意義。比方：Thetrainwillbearrivingattwooclock.Ishallbewritingtoyousoon.Hewontbecomingtothepartythi

3、sevening.Youcanusemybike,Iwontbeneedingittomorrow.這類“will/shall+V(進(jìn)行體)”的構(gòu)造也能夠表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。比方：WhatwillyoubedoingthistimetomorrowmorningIllbeworkinginthiscompanyduringMay.假如表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻以前已經(jīng)達(dá)成的動(dòng)作，即可用“will/shall+V(達(dá)成體)”。比方：YouwillhavecompletedtheEnglishcoursebythistimenextyear.Thesnowwillhavedisappe

4、aredbeforetheendofMarch.be(not)goingto+V(原型)這一構(gòu)造的主要意義，一是表示“企圖”，即打算在將來(lái)做某事。比方：Imgoingtopostthatletterbyairmail.Wearegoingtocallameetingtodiscussit.Heisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup.這一構(gòu)造的另一意義是表示“預(yù)示”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表示將要發(fā)生或馬上發(fā)生某種狀況。Lookattheseblackclouds一theresgoingtobeastorm.Ifeeldizzy(眩暈).IthinkImgoingtofaint(

5、暈倒).be+Ving(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體)這一構(gòu)造的主要意義是表示依據(jù)計(jì)劃、安排，馬上發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用于表示地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如go,come,leave,start,arrive等，也可用于其余動(dòng)向動(dòng)詞。比方：WeareleavingonFriday.Heismovingtoadifferenthotelthedayaftertomorrow.ThepresidentiscomingtotheUnitedStatesthisweek.Theplaneistakingoffat5:00.be(not)to+V(原型)這一構(gòu)造的主要用法，一是表示按計(jì)劃、安排，馬上發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。比方：Iamtohavete

6、awithmybestfriendthisafternoon.Wherearewetostaytonight二是表示命令、嚴(yán)禁或可能性等。比方：Youaretostandhere.DoyouunderstandTellhershesnottobebacklate.Thedictionaryisnottobehadhere.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間，常有于條件狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)分句。比方：Ifshecomes,Illtellherallaboutit.IllgiveittoyouafterIreturn.二過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間表示法would+V(原型)用“would+V(原型)”表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間

7、,平常帶有表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，并且常有于從屬分句。比方：Hesaidhewouldcomebackthenextday.Weneverimaginedthathewouldbecomeadoctor.用“would+V(進(jìn)行體)”表示在過(guò)去將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。比方：Hetoldhisfriendthatthistimenextyearhewouldbestudyingatabroad.Heneverimaginedthatsomedayhewouldbelivingawayfromhismotherland.用“would+V(達(dá)成體)”表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始向來(lái)連續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)的動(dòng)作或

8、局勢(shì)。比方：ShesaidthatbytheendofMayshewouldhavebeenstudyingmedicineforthreeyears.Bysixoclockthatafternoon,theywouldhavebeencleaningthehouseforfivehours.was/weregoingto+V(原型)用“was/weregoingto+V(原型)”表示過(guò)去將來(lái).比方：Hewasgoingtoplaytennisthatafternoon.Hesaidthathewasgoingtoliveinthecountrysidewhenheretired.was/wereto+V(原型)用“was/wereto+V(原型)”表示過(guò)去將來(lái)，平常指按過(guò)去的計(jì)劃、安排，將在某個(gè)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間發(fā)生的局勢(shì)。比方：AsIwastoleavethenextday,IwenttobedearlyonThursdayeven