2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題(全國(guó)卷2,含答案)完整版

1、精細(xì)；挑選；精細(xì)；挑選；2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題（全國(guó)卷2）考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5短對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小

2、題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Colleagues.Brotherandsister.Teacherandstudent.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onat

3、rain.A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Arestaurant.B.Astreet.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二節(jié)（共1

4、5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。WhenwillJudygotoaparty？OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.WhatwillMaxdonext？A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。Whatdoesthemansuggestdoi

5、ngatfirst？Goingtoaconcert.Watchingamovie.Playingacomputergame.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo？A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takeawalk.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans？A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome？Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy

6、.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation？A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。WhoisMacy？A.Edsmother.B.Edsteacher.C.Edsfriend.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten？A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten？Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.Whatdotheteac

7、herssayaboutEd？A.Hesclever.B.Hesquiet.C.Hesbrave.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet？A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto？A.Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing？A.Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelo

8、stinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining？A.Shespleased.B.Shesregretful.C.Shesupset第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinsch

9、oolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildschoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventureTakeyourselfoutMr.Clemens140（OUT）ofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskil

10、ls.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay

11、3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillMrs.Milson425visitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsus

12、ingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations.Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-onMissDrake150-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picnicluncho

13、utsideOxfordsChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A.TraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefie

14、lds.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.BManyofusloveJulybecauseitsthemonthwhennaturesberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbiasfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinv

15、itaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants抗（氧化物質(zhì)）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（櫻桃）,th

16、eyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfree

17、ze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.This

18、makesafunactivityforachildrensparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.TheyarehighinvitaminA.A.Theycontainprotein.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Theyhaveaple

19、asanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparag

20、raph?B.Adrink.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessfor

21、fun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.TeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingWhilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.WhilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeAcco

22、rdingtothereportskeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaytheyhardlyeverreadforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages28,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinre

23、adingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建議）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincre

24、asedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparent

25、swhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?Childrensreadinghabits.Qualityofchildrensbooks.

26、Childrensafter-classactivities.Parent-childrelationships.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupportschildrenarereadingalotlessforfun?Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?E-booksareofpoorquality.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.E-read

27、ersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.Askthentowritebookreports.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWeveallbeenthere:inalift,ilnineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,wo

28、rse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.Whatstheproblem?Itspossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.Itsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseitsawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkitsannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkiswor

29、ththetrouble.Expertssayitsaninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecantforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldntevenexistifitwerentforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤(rùn)滑劑forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInst

30、ituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop

31、.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteractior互動(dòng))withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.Itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn.Butinteractionsw

32、ithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,hesays.Whatphenomenonisdescr

33、ibedinthefirstparagraph?A.Addictiontosmartphones.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.Wha

34、tdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短

35、文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhate

36、verisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陳代謝）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismorediffic

37、ulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyi

38、nthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinue

39、toburncaloriesthroughouttheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryouredoingitnow,thenlistenup!第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Twoweeksearlier.myson.Ben,hadgotintouch,hedmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceId

40、41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywasinsunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle.Irealizedonekayak（皮劃艇）wasin47.“Somethingsnot48!”ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawtherewe

41、retwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped5.1theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53.“Whatshisname?Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben,hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasm

42、yson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen.57tome.“Ijustwanttosaythankyou,hesaid,“You58mylife!Istillcantbelievewhata59itwas.ImjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC

43、.evenD.last42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser47.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.battle48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit49.A.staredB.sankC.divedD.fell50.A.arguingB.fightingC.

44、shoutingD.shaking51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew55.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave57.A.jokedB.turnedC.listenedD.pointed58.A.createdB.honor

45、edC.savedD.guided59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DietshavechangedinChinaandsotoohasitstopcrop.Since201l,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whil

46、ericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer（化月巴）runoff.Thisswi

47、tchhasdecreased66（pollute）inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67（globe）fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005whenthegovernment68（start）asoil-testingprogram69givesspecifi

48、cfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission（排放）of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第四部分寫

49、作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文，文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪改或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。WhenIwaslittle,Fridaysnightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplayca