人教版高中英語必修2《ONTENTSUnit3ComputersLearningaboutLanguage》公開課教案13

1、語法復(fù)習(xí)一：句子成分；簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定義：組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。（二）主語：主語是一個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe構(gòu)造、疑問句（當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時(shí)）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或神態(tài)動詞后邊。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。比如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名詞）Weoftenspea

2、kEnglishinclass.（代詞）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（數(shù)詞）1Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure（.不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（動名詞）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名詞化的形容詞）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主語，真實(shí)的主語為后邊的不定式）（三）謂語：謂語說明主語

3、所做的動作或擁有的特點(diǎn)和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語以后。謂語的組成以下：1、簡單謂語：由一個(gè)動詞或動詞短語組成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由神態(tài)動詞或其余助動詞加動詞原形組成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系動詞加表語組成。2如：Wearestudents.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特點(diǎn)和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）以后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式

4、、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。比如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican（.名詞）Isityours?（代詞）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數(shù)詞）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（動名詞）Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介詞短語）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副詞）Thetruthisthathehas

5、neverbeenabroad.3（表語從句）（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后邊。比如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展覽）yesterday.（名詞）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代詞）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（數(shù)詞）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名詞化形容詞）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短語）Ienjoylisteningtopopu

6、larmusic.（動名詞短語）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice（.賓語從句）賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），4比如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please（.2）復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)），比如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）賓語補(bǔ)足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語之外，還要有一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)語，才能使句子的意義完好。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充任。比如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.

7、（名詞）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容詞）Letthefreshairin.（副詞）Youmustnforcethimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短語）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（此刻分詞）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介詞短語）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityis5now.（從句）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以低等成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容詞）Chinaisadevelopin

8、gcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分詞）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名詞）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代詞）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短語）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（動名詞）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介詞短語）6（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句

9、子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特點(diǎn)的句子成分，叫做狀語?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆篖ighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）Waitaminute.（名詞）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（狀語從句）狀語種類以下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時(shí)間狀語）Lastn

10、ightshedidngottothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原由狀語）7Ishallgothereifitdoesn.（train條件狀語）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地址狀語）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式狀語）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（陪伴狀語）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的狀語）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（

11、結(jié)果狀語）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（退步狀語）Iamtallerthanheis.（比較狀語）練習(xí)一一、指出以下句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.8WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.Hetookmanyphotosofthepalaces

12、inBeijing.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?Hesat

13、there,readinganewspaper.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.9Theapplestastedsweet.四、選擇填空：()1._willleaveforBeijing.herenowisherenow()2.Theweather_.()3.Theappletasted_.D.sweet()4.Hegotup_yesterdaymorning.D.latter()5.Theactor_attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded10(

14、)6._wereallverytired,butnoneof_wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch_.D.crowdedly()8.Ithink_necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog_mad.lookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.where二、用符號劃出以下短文各句中的主語（）、11謂語（）、賓語（）：Ihopeyou

15、areverywell.Imfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscolderthey

16、growwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelsto

17、differentpartsofthegarden.12三、用符號劃出以下短文各句中的定語（）、狀語（）、補(bǔ)語（）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.Itsgreat!Americanseatalotofmeattoomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idont,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourlet

18、teryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.二、簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句（一）句子種類兩種分類法1、按句子的用途可分四種：131）陳說句（一定、否認(rèn)）：

19、Heissixyearsold;Shedidnthearofyoubefore.2）疑問句（一般、特別、選擇、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,cants3）祈使句：Becareful,boys;Dontcltalkssin4）嘆息句：Howclevertheboyis!2、按句子的構(gòu)造可分三種：1）簡單句：只有一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelik

20、esdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.并列句：由并列連詞（and,but,or等）或分號（；）把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連在一同組成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.14Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前程是光明的，道路是波折的。3）復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包括：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句等。e.g.Theforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereatth

21、eGreatWall.（二）簡單句的五種基本句型1、主語+系動詞+表語：e.g.Heisastudent.2、主語+不及物動詞：e.g.Wework.3、主語+及物動詞+賓語：dictionary.4、主語+及物動詞+雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.5、主語+及物動詞+復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.注：其余各樣句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)15展、變化或省略而組成。（三）并列句的分類1、表示連結(jié)兩個(gè)同樣觀點(diǎn)，常用and,notonlybutalso,neithernor等連,then接。namesisSmit

22、h,andthestudentsnameisJohn.2、表示選擇，常用的連詞有or,eitherorotherwise等。e.g.Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.3、表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有but,still,however,yet,while,when等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so,for,therefore等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforr

23、iveharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.16（四）高考考點(diǎn)商討1、簡單句的五大句型是最基本的句型。雖然近幾年純真考察這類基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多，可是在閱讀中有時(shí)需借助于區(qū)分句子成分去理解，在書面表達(dá)中，沒有最基本的遣辭造句的能力是不行能用地道的英語句子來表達(dá)清楚的。2、祈使句、反意疑問句和嘆息句是高考命題的熱門之一。有時(shí)把祈使句與反意疑問句聯(lián)合于一體來考察。一個(gè)題目，幾個(gè)考點(diǎn)，是近幾年命題的發(fā)展趨向。3、高考對簡單句、并列句和各樣復(fù)合句的考察常表此刻對連詞的選擇和使用上。如：and,but,or,while，以及其余連結(jié)名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句的

24、連結(jié)詞、關(guān)系詞。4、各樣主從復(fù)合句的考察常常與動詞的時(shí)態(tài)聯(lián)系在一同，以賓語從句與狀語從句最為顯然，時(shí)間從句與條件從句中，假如主句是未來17時(shí)，從句則用一般式表未來，這一點(diǎn)在高考取常?？疾?。如：Wewillgooutingifitdoesntraintomo.練習(xí)二、簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句一、判斷以下句子是簡單句、并列句仍是復(fù)合句：WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isnMybrotherandIgotoschoola

25、thalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.18Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.三、選擇填空：1.Gi

26、vemeonemoreminute_Illbeafinishit.A.andB.orC.ifD.so2.ItthesthirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,_?A.hasntheB.isntheC.isntitD.hasntit3._joyfulhewastomeethisbrotheragain!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan4.Letuspass,_?19A.shantweB.shallweC.wontweD.willyou5.Isupposehesserious,_?A.doIB.dontIC.isheD.isnthe6.Youhadbettern

27、otsmokehere,_?A.willyouB.hadyouC.shallyouD.haveyou7.Trainashardasyoucan_youllswimmingcompetition.A.thenB.butC.andD.or8.Imsorrytohavetosaythis,_youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight.A.andB.butC.soD.becauseJohnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and_.A.Henryhasn20Henry10.Therearemanysportsl

28、oversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,_othersenjoyswimming.D.so-Doyoufeellikegoingout_wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?-Idliketogoout.D.so12.-“_isthetemperaturetoday?”-“Its38degrees.”A.WhichB.HowC.HowhotD.Howhigh-Youruncleisntanengineer,ishe?_.A.Yes,heisntB.No,heisntC.No,heisD.Heis14._friendly_toeveryone!

29、A.How,issheB.What,isshe21C.How,sheisD.What,sheis15.Marywenttobedearly,_shefeltverytired.16.Mother_adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.wasmakingB.makesHelayinbed_readsomethingborrowedfromlibrary.18.-IdreallylikesomelunchbutIhavesomuchworktodo._whatyouwantandIcangetitforyou.C.YouwilltellmeD.Ifyoutellme19.Ashe

30、isstrong,_canliftonehundredpounds.D.he2220.-Ithoughtyouhadanumbrella.-Ihad,_Ivelostit.D.so21._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.-Idontlikechicken_fish.Idontlikechicken_Ilikefishverymuch.A.and,andB.and,butC.or,andD.or,but23.-Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?-Idliketo,_Imtoobusy.D.butWouldyoul

31、ikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?25.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.23C.havingarrivedD.andarrived“Canyoutread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointed27.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.28._itwithmeandIllseewhatIcanA.W

32、henleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave-Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_?ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didntyouD.dontyou24二、判斷以下短文中各句是簡單句、并列句仍是復(fù)合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（）.Imfine,buttired（）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm（）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（）.Itisthetimeofyearfortherice

33、harvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere（）.Asares