語言學(xué)2016ling考試題型

1、PAGE PAGE 3 裝 訂 線 考 生 答 題 不 得 超 過 此 線 20152016學(xué)年度)學(xué)期期末考試題型科 目：語言學(xué) （A）卷考試形式：閉卷 考試時間: 120分鐘系別、班級： 姓名： 學(xué)號： 題 目一二三四五六七八總分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分?jǐn)?shù)301015152010100實得分?jǐn)?shù)評卷人Choose one that best completes the statement. (2%15=30%)Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. (2%5=10%)Semantic and pragmatic ana

2、lysis: (3%5=15%)Sense relations (lexical)Sense relations (sentential): presupposition, entailment, etc.Componential analysisLogical formsImplicaturePhonological analysis: generate a formal phonological rule. (15%)Morphological analysis: (20%)Draw two FULL trees to disambiguate the NP. (10%試題題型Each o

3、f the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and write the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET. (2%10=20%)Give the phonetic features of each of the following sounds: (3%5=15%)Example: z voiced alveolar fricative round bac

4、k low The component morphemes of the morphologically complex words below have been separated by a hyphen (). Indicate which of these morphemes are bound morphemes and which are free morphemes, and which of the bound morphemes are inflectional and which derivational. (5%3=15%)Example: hit-sAnswer: hi

5、t: free; -s: bound, inflectionalPhonological rules: /t/ has the form of t and ts (20%)List the phonetic environments of the sounds in question: t ts Generalize a phonological rule that accounts for the variations.Indicate which maxim is flouted (violated) in the following exchanges and which implica

6、ture is raised. (2.5%4=10%)Example: A: Do you like Monica?B: Shes the cream in my coffee.Answer: Maxim violated: QUALITY; implicature: yes, very much.The following sentence is structurally ambiguous. How would the tree diagram for each differ? (20%)Here are some ambiguous sentences:We gave the libra

7、ry booksThey considered those problemsVisiting relatives can be a boreHenry washed the car in the garage 13Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and write the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET. (1.5%10=15%)G

8、ive the phonetic features of each of the following sounds: (2%5=10%)Example: z voiced alveolar fricative u round back high The component morphemes of the morphologically complex words below have been separated by a hyphen (). Indicate which of these morphemes are bound morphemes and which are free m

9、orphemes, and which of the bound morphemes are inflectional and which derivational. (2%5=10%)Example: hit-sAnswer:hit: free; -s: bound, inflectionalMorphological analysis. (5%2=10%)Analyse the morphemes in the following data from Swedish:kvinna woman kvinnan the woman kvinnor womenpojke boy pojken t

10、he boy pojkar boyssak thing saken the thing saker thingsbok book boken the book bcker booksbord table bordet the table bord tablesFormulate a general statement by a sentence that states how to form the plural forms and definite form in Swedish.Phonologgical analises (10%2=20%)In some dialects of Eng

11、lish the following words have different vowels, as shown by the phonetic transcription. Based on these data, answer the questions that follow.ABCbitebtbidebadtietaricersriseazbybatypetpbribebabsighsawifewfwiveswavzdiedatyketktimetamwhywaHow do the words in column C differ from those in columns A and B?Generalize a phonological rule that accounts for the variations.Indicate which maxim is flouted (violated) in the following exchanges and which implicature is raised. (3%5=15%)Example: A: Teherans in Turkey, isnt it?B: Yes, and Londons