2021年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)突破訓(xùn)練動(dòng)詞

1、考一、動(dòng)及分分動(dòng)詞主要功能是充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),用來(lái)示主語(yǔ)做什么 (即為動(dòng)詞,或表示主語(yǔ)是什么或怎么 (即態(tài)動(dòng)詞的, 例如The runs 個(gè)男孩跑得快)runs 表主語(yǔ)的行為He is a boy.(他是個(gè)男孩 與后面的表語(yǔ) boy 表主的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以按照含義及它們?cè)诰渲械淖饔梅殖伤募催B系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞也實(shí)義動(dòng)動(dòng)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)系詞系動(dòng)詞表情動(dòng)情態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)原形助詞助動(dòng)詞動(dòng)原形實(shí)動(dòng)獨(dú)立充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)考二、系詞用連系動(dòng)詞是表示主語(yǔ) “是么 或“ 怎樣 的 , 它有詞義 但不完整 , 所以不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ) , 必須跟表語(yǔ)一起 構(gòu)成合成謂語(yǔ)。連系動(dòng)詞可具體分為三:1、示是的詞 be。它在不同的主語(yǔ)后面和不同的時(shí)態(tài)中有不同的形。

2、He was soldier two years 兩前他是個(gè)士兵。We are 我們是中國(guó)人。2、示變、變”的思的詞如 become, grow, turn, 都解釋“變、變得例:She college student.(她了一名大學(xué)生)He feels His face turns 他到不舒服他臉色變蒼白了。3、示感覺(jué)的詞如 look(看來(lái),smell(聞來(lái),sound(聽(tīng)來(lái)等例如The story sounds interesting.(這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。The flowers sweet.(些花聞起來(lái)很香。系詞常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)主謂一致be 動(dòng)be+adv.+adj何”“保持”“變化be

3、come,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,stay感動(dòng)look,sound,taste,smell,feel考三、情動(dòng)的法這類(lèi)詞本身雖有意義但不完整。它們表示說(shuō)話人的能力、說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)如可”、應(yīng)”等。這類(lèi) 動(dòng)詞有 must, need, dare, might 等它們沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變不能單獨(dú)作謂必與行為動(dòng) 詞原形一作謂語(yǔ)表示完整的意思。構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句時(shí) 通常放在主語(yǔ)前；構(gòu)成否定句時(shí) not 放這些情態(tài)動(dòng)之后。可用它們的縮寫(xiě)形式 (can cannot, 等。如I can 我會(huì)跳舞)can, 能 會(huì)He because he is a 因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)嬰兒不走路。t, 不 come

4、(我以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？)may, 可情動(dòng)意思答語(yǔ)may 答語(yǔ) 肯定 Certainly./Sure./Yes,you can. 否定 Sorry, but you t/mustnt“ Must I？ you must.No, ednt/don to.“不不 Do I have Yes, you must.No, neednt have to.“需”實(shí)動(dòng)詞not do sth.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：t do sth.Would you like 答語(yǔ)d to”“Id like to, but.had better 最好(不某事”Youd better do/Youd better not do表示推測(cè)“一”must

5、“可能may,might,could“不能cant考四、助詞這類(lèi)詞本身無(wú)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)只能與主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂表不同的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示子的否定 和疑問(wèn)例:He not English well.( 他英語(yǔ)講得不好。)句的 does 是助動(dòng)詞既表示一般現(xiàn)在,與 not 一構(gòu) 成否定形式。Did he have milk and bread for his breakfast 他餐牛奶包句的 did 是動(dòng)詞既表示一般 過(guò)去時(shí)又動(dòng)詞 have 一構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)。助詞句型操作及答語(yǔ)狹義概念：贈(zèng)的do,does,did擴(kuò)展概念：自的凡謂語(yǔ)由兩部分構(gòu)成之前者實(shí)義動(dòng)詞身份助動(dòng)詞身份/強(qiáng)調(diào)功能考點(diǎn)五、義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又

6、叫行為動(dòng)是示行為、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。它的詞義完可以單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)有稱(chēng)、數(shù)時(shí)態(tài)的 相應(yīng)變化。例如I in Beijing 我和我媽媽住北京)live,住 has round 它一張圓臉。)has,有實(shí)動(dòng)意思需要及物動(dòng)詞必須跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)間標(biāo)志不及物動(dòng)詞不直跟賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)名稱(chēng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)謂動(dòng)do/doesdidbe+doing意思平時(shí)經(jīng)常做某次過(guò)去做現(xiàn)在正在做一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)有無(wú)被只需考慮時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)was/were+doingwill+dowould+dohave/has+donehad+done過(guò)去正在做現(xiàn)在將要

7、做過(guò)去將要做到現(xiàn)在已做到過(guò)去已做該而不 感官發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn) 出版使役動(dòng)詞正不帶 to 被動(dòng)則帶考六動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)詞在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的同時(shí)隨著時(shí)態(tài)或語(yǔ)態(tài)的變,有自己的特有變化。動(dòng)詞變第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞+s +ing +eds,x,sh,ch,o+es輔不規(guī)則去 e+ing雙寫(xiě)+ing輔元輔，且重讀，不忘雙 寫(xiě)尾字母（除組合外）輔y雙寫(xiě)+ed不規(guī)則考七非語(yǔ)詞其用不定式 to do非語(yǔ)詞 作主語(yǔ)被視為單現(xiàn)在分詞 doing過(guò)去分詞 done作主語(yǔ)常被形式主語(yǔ) 代作主語(yǔ)判定:后有謂動(dòng)have sth. done 被作表語(yǔ)be+to “是做”作賓語(yǔ)be “正在做”be done“做”作賓語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作定

8、語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)賓從省略式被形式賓語(yǔ) 代 省 或省 要后置省否表目的原疑問(wèn)詞 do一選填1.There_lots of people at restaurant when I got there.A.is B.was C.are D.were2.You _ eat thesoup if t like A.shouldn B.mustn C.needn D.can3.This sentence _ right. Please write it down.A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells4.My sister wants a new _ it the party.A.w

9、ears B.has C.wore D.is going to wear5.I didn you I _ news on radio.A.listen B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to 6.I _ homework, I guess join A.dont finish B.didn finish C.havent finished D.wont finish 7.-Whose is pencil box? _ be Look at his on the cover!A. C. must _ a the library, en

10、ter a key into computer.A. find B. Find C. To Write The clothing store _ a sale. clothes there are cheap.A. has B. had C. having was having10. Miss Zhang, most beautiful teacher, _ flowers these days.A. received B. will receive C. was receiving D. has received 11. Your sweater looks smart. Where _ _

11、 A. do, get B. did, get C. will, D. have, got12.We often hear after class.A.sing B.to sing C.sings D.sang13. Do we have finish homework this afternoon?Yes, you _.A. must B. 14. Id you _ for a picnic with us.A. go C. going D. went15. Hong Kong_ to be a good place for eating today.A. B. knew C. known

12、D. was known二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 Nancy often goes_ (swim) with friends in summer want _ (go) to the shop.3.The girl likes _ (play) basketball. She_ (play) on the playground now. 4.The teacher _ (go) to school foot day.5.Lets _ (speak) English.6.-_ the man _ (open) the -No, he He is _ (close) window. I _

13、 (lend) her some CDs the day before 。 Im sorry _ (wake) you up.9.Would please_(not play) with chalk?10.Youd better_(pass) this book to her.三、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示寫(xiě)出下列句中所缺的名詞1 Look! girl _ 游泳 in the river(河. dont pens. think she _ 有 some.3.Dont _ 讀 your books. Please _ 聽(tīng) me now.4.Can you help _ 搬) 5.Can I _ 借

14、 your bike?6.Do you like _ 看視? My parents are _ 為做準(zhǔn)備 the visitors. think youd better not _ 出) alone night. Do you mind my _ 聽(tīng)樂(lè)? -Never mind.10.I am afraid of 游, but often 教 me_(泳.11.What about _ 坐 here ? OK , let _ 坐 here.12.Tomorrow _ ) birthday. I want _ 行 birthday party . Would you _ my party?13.

15、 He mustnt _ 停放) his car here . _ 看 at sign parking.14.You _ 戴 clothes in winter.15.Who _(教 English last term?四詞運(yùn)閱讀短文 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒂闷湔_形式填空 ,短文通順、意思完整 ,每空限填一詞 ,每詞用 一次。say, do , work believe, may, watch, see, be, think,eatCan animals be made to work for us ? scientists _1_ that one day animals _2_ be ta

16、ught to do anumber of simple jobs .They _3_ that a film or we may _4_ elephants, monkeys ,dogs ,bears ,orother animals doing a of things _5_ carefully may that those animals given something toeat return for _6_ them. The scientists that many different animals may taught a of simple jobs they get _7_

17、.Of course, we know can be used to a ,and elephants be used to do some heavy jobs.And we can teach animals _8_ in factories. ,for example have _9_ used in America help makecars scientists _10_ that these may one day get in crops drive trains .五完填Mrs. lives in the country, _1_ know London very well.

18、One day, to London, but she2 find way. Just then, 3 a near the stop. “ ask him ” she . over the man asks, “ Excuse will please5 me way to Street? But the t say anything. He 6 Cuba. He t 7 English. Hecomes to London for a 8 . takes a book 9 something on it. he 10 to Mrs. Green,“Sorry, I can English.”( )1. A. ( )2. A. may( )3. A. looks at( )4. A. thinks( )5. A.said( )6. A. ( )7. A. ( )8. A. walk( )9. A. wri