1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解一 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+ HYPERLINK /view/235316.htm t _blank 過去分詞(done)二句型：否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過去分詞+其他.簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定)No, 主語(yǔ) + havent/hasnt.(否定)三用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了.) Guo zijun has (just/alre

2、ady) come. (含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)看到這些詞already, just, yet, before, ever, never, so far ,three times 要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 （2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來表示在過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，常與for（+一段時(shí)間）,since（+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)的句子）連用.for+一段時(shí)間since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（譯為：自從以來）since+一段時(shí)間+agosince+過去時(shí)的句子It is+一段時(shí)間+since+過去時(shí)的句子Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here s

3、ince 1998.四has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)別 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在這、不在說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng))Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去過（人在這里，談過去到過哪里）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：在什么地方呆（還在這地方呆）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months

4、 ago.五過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)區(qū)別過去時(shí)只表示在過去發(fā)生了某事或過去存在一種狀態(tài)，跟現(xiàn)在沒任何關(guān)系。完成時(shí)也表示過去發(fā)生但跟現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系。I lost the key.我丟了鑰匙，現(xiàn)在不知有沒找到。I have lost the key.我丟了鑰匙，現(xiàn)在還沒找到。注意： 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能與when連用 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用六過去分詞 1 、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則：(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾

5、直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將 y 變?yōu)?i ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2 、 HYPERLINK /view/988404.htm t _blank 不

6、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：ABC型begin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosenABC型begin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosendraw drew drawndrive drove drivendrink drank drunkfly flew flownforgive forgave forgivenforget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozengive gave givengrow

7、 grew grownknow knew knownride rode riddenrise rose risenring rang rungshake shook shakensing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumthrow threw thrownwrite wrote writtenAAA型burst burst bursthurt hurt hurtlet let letcast cast castcost cost costcut cut cuthit hit hitput put putset set setshut shut shut

8、spread spread spreadread read read read原形發(fā)音為/ri:d/,過去式和過去分詞發(fā)音為/red/AAB型beat beat beatenABA型become became becomerun ran e came come特殊情況ABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtbuild built builtburn burnt burntcatch caught caughtdig dug dugfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundhear heard h

9、eardhold held heldkeep kept keptlay laid laidlead led ledlose lost lostmake made mademeet met metsell sold soldshoot shot shotsit sat satstand stood stoodsweep swept sweptteach taught taughttell told toldthink thought thoughtwin won won七 HYPERLINK /view/915671.htm t _blank 瞬間動(dòng)詞（buy, die, join, come，

10、go ,leave, join ）不能直接與for， since，how long 連用。要改變動(dòng)詞buy-had borrow -keptcome/arrive/reach/get to-been ingo out-been out leave -been awaybegin-been on finish-been overopen-been open close -been closeddie-been dead1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用keep或have代

11、替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been (become) a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear代替put on現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)(一)A)選用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from schoo

12、l.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改寫下列各句:4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑問句,再作肯定與否定回答)_C) 單項(xiàng)選擇6. -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has be

13、en died8. Its six weeks _ I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone toC. have been toD. have reached現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)（二）一、 單項(xiàng)選擇。1、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been2、His u

14、ncle_for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、- has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How

15、far, arrived5、Our country _ a lot so far . has changed . changed. has changed . changed 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is

16、a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in12、Do you