高中虛擬語氣總復習課件

1、Subjunctive mood虛擬語氣Tom is having an English lesson , and he is thinking .Guess what he is thinking . If I were a bird , I would fly out of the classroom . If only I were a bird !(虛擬語氣)（關鍵：與事實相反）語氣(mood)是一種動詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。在英語中隨著說話人意圖的不同，動詞需用不同的形式，稱為語氣。英語語氣有三種：陳述語氣：祈使語氣：虛擬語氣：是說話人為表達一種假設,或一種主觀愿望所用的

2、動詞形式。(不是客觀存在的事實）If I were you , I would do that .用來敘述事實或提出疑問.廣泛用于陳述句,疑問句,感嘆句.E.g. : I will come tomorrow.是說話人用來向對方下達命令、指示等所用的動詞形式.主要用于祈使句.E.g. ; Dont write in your book.非真實條件句（規(guī)則虛擬語氣） 非真實條件句（規(guī)則虛擬語氣）是指與現在的事實、過去的事實 或將來的事實相反的假設 。特征：主從句的時間是一致的。主從句的謂語動詞形式比較特殊且有規(guī)律。非真實條件句（規(guī)則虛擬語氣）讀以下句子并尋找規(guī)律。If I were you ,

3、I would study hard now . 2. If he had time tomorrow, he would help you .3. If you had come here yesterday , you would have met him .1. In fact , I am not you .2. In fact , he will not have time tomorrow ,and he wont help you .3. In fact , yesterday you didnt come here , and you didnt meet him .非真實條件

4、句（規(guī)則虛擬語氣）假設情況If 從句中動詞形式主句中的動詞形式與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反would/ should/ could/ might dodid（be變?yōu)閣ere）would/ should/ could/might have donehad done1.did2.should+do3. were to dowould/ should/ could/ might doBest choice:1. If you _ more careful, you _ the exam yesterday. A. were; wouldnt fail B. would have be

5、en; hadnt failed C. had been; wouldnt fail D. had been; wouldnt have failed2. If you dont go for a picnic, tomorrow, I _, either. A. didnt B. wont C. wouldnt D. dont3. If Newton lived today, he _ by what has been discovered in science and technology. A. would have been surprised B. will be surprised

6、 C. would be surprised D. is surprisedDBC混合條件句 混合條件句：主句與從句的動作分別發(fā)生在不同的時間，(主從句的時間是不一致的），這時主句和從句的謂語動詞的形式因時間不同而不同。解題關鍵：要根據主從句各自不同的時間來分別進行討論。Best choice :1. If you _ hard at that time, you would be a college student now. A. studied B. had studied C. should study D. would have studied2. If the United Stat

7、es had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country _ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. were notBAIf I had worked harder at school , I would have a better job now.Best choice :3. It is hard for me to imagine wh

8、at I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fallTranslate the following :4.要是我當時在學校用功讀書的話， 我現在就有一個更好的工作了。B省略if的條件句Note: 在if 引導的虛擬語氣中，如果if從句中的謂語部分含有were, had, 或should時，可以

9、省去if，將這些詞放在主語前構成倒裝 。省略if的條件句If I were to go abroad, I would go to France.2. If you had arrived at the station ten minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.3. If he should fail in the exam, he would have to wait for another year. = Were I to go abroad, .= Had you arrived at the station ten mi

10、nutes earlier , . . = Should he fail in the exam , .1. Were they to leave today, they _ there on Monday. A. will get B. might get C. may get D. had got2. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will3. What would have happened _ as fa

11、r as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther4. _, I would go with you. A. Were I not so busy B. Werent I so busy C. If I am not so busy D. Am I not so buyBBCA含蓄條件句 含蓄條件句：在特定的語境中，if 條件句可以省略，或使用介詞短語、副詞或非謂語動詞等形式來代替if條件句

12、。Without electricity , human life would be quite different today . = If there were no electricity ,改寫句子1. Without music , the world would be a dull place .2. I was too busy at that time , otherwise I would have called you .3. But for the English test , I would have gone home .4. Given more time , we

13、 could have done better . =If there were no music , =If I had not been too busy at that time , I would have called you .=If there hadnt been the English test , =If we had been given more time , Best choice :I forget where I read the article , or I _ it to you now . A. will show B. would show C. am g

14、oing to show D. am showing2. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat , the earth at night _ for us to live . A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly BAIf I didnt forget where I read the article , I would show it to you now .If there wer

15、e no air to hold some of the suns heat , the earth would be Best choice :5. Yesterday , Jane walked away from the discussion . Otherwise , she _ something she would regret later . A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have saidDIf yesterday Jane hadnt walked away from the discussion , she might

16、have said something 特殊虛擬語氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣狀語從句中的虛擬語氣其他結構中的虛擬語氣 a. would rather+從句 b. wish + 從句 c. if only +從句 d. Its time (that) + 從句 e. if it were not for f. if it had not been for .名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣Fill in the blanks:I suggested that we _( start ) early .2. My suggestion was that we_( start ) early .3. It wa

17、s suggested that we _( start) early .4. They followed my suggestion that we _( start ) early .5. They followed the suggestion that he _ ( raise ) just now .(should) start賓從表從主從同從(should) start(should) start(should) startraised定從insist1.insist on / upon doing .2.insist+that-clause堅決要求堅持認為從句謂語用 should

18、 +do從句謂語用陳述語氣Fill in the blanks: We insisted that he_( send)to the hospital at once and we insistedthat we _( be) right . should be sentweresuggestsuggest something.suggest something to somebodysuggest doing something4.suggest+that-clause建議暗示；表明從句謂語用 should +do從句謂語用陳述語氣Fill in the blanks: He suggest

19、ed that we _( send ) him to hospital and his pale face suggested thathe _( be ) ill . should sendwasIts necessary that we _(clean) the room every day.2. Its desired that she _(finish) her homework this afternoon.總結：It is necessary , important, vitalnatural, desirable, advisable, strange, desired, su

20、ggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed that +主語+(should) +do .名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣主從should cleanshould finish總結：as if/ as though引導的表語從句,方式狀語從句可用陳述語氣也可用虛擬語氣,做題時應根據情況判斷其正確形式.as if/as though + 從句中的虛擬語氣Look at the heavy clouds! It seems as if it _ going to rain. (be)The old man treats the boy as though h

21、e _ his own son. (be)wereisas if / though + 從句與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反did / (were)would/could/might + dohad + doneas if/as though + 從句中的虛擬語氣Translate the following:該我們努力學習的時候到了。1.Its (high/about) time (that) we studied hard.2.Its (high/ about) time (that) we should study hard .Its ( high / about ) time

22、 that + 從句 1. did 2. should do Fill in the blanks:1. If only I _ (be) a bird now.2. If only he _ (take) my advice then .3. If only they _ (attend) my wedding tomorrow !werehad takenIf only + 從句 !would attend If only + 從句 ！與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反did / (were)had donewould / could / might + do would rath

23、er + 從句 . would rather + 從句 .與現在or將來事實相反與過去事實相反did / (were)had doneFill in the blanks:1. Id rather you _ (pay) now.2. Id rather he _ (leave) tomorrow.3. Id rather she _(not do) it just now.paidlefthadnt doneFill in the blanks:a. I wish it _( be )spring now.b. I wish you_ ( go )with us soon.c. We wis

24、h we_ (arrive) 2 hours earlier.wish + 從句 . wish + 從句 .與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反did / (were)had donewould / could /might + do werecould gohad arrivedIf it were not for the rain, the crops would die.2. If it had not been for your timely help, I would have failed.if it were not for .If it were not for. “如果

25、現在沒有-”,表示同現在事實相反的假設.If it had not been for, “如果當時沒有-”，表示同過去事實相反的假設.Translate the following:May our friendship last long !May you rest in peace !祝你成功！ May you succeed !May + 主語 + 動詞原形 ！Best choice: - It looks as if he were drunk . - So it does . _. A. Hed better give up drinking B. He shouldnt have d

26、runk so much C. Health is more important than drinking D. I wonder why he is always doing so 2. -Mary looks hot and dry . -So _ you if you had so high a fever . A. do B. are C. will D. wouldBest choice: If I hadnt been lucky enough to meet you , I really _ what I would have done . A. dont know B. ha

27、dnt known C. wasnt knowing D. wouldnt know2. It has been raining for a day , but even though it hadnt rained , we _ there by tomorrow . A, cant get B. wont get C. hadnt got D. wouldnt getBest choice: _ today , he would get there by Friday . A. Would there be B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D.

28、If he leave 2. _ any change about the date , please tell me immediately . A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should beBest choice: The man in prison insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ set free . A. should do ; should be B. had done ; should be C. had done ; had been D.

29、 should do ; had been2. I advised that _ to the hospital at once , but he insisted that he _ quite well then . A. was sent ; felt B. be sent ; was feeling C. be sent ; feel D. should be sent ; should feelBest choice: _ smoking , he would not have got cancer in the lung . A. Was he given up B. Had he

30、 given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up2. - I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present . -Its time you _. A. do B. did C. had D. would要是當時他沒有阻止我，我真不知道我會干出什么傻事。Best choice: -Shall I come tomorrow ? - Id rather you _. A. wont B. didnt C. dont D. wouldnt2. If I _ go abroad , I would go to Ameri

31、ca . A. would B. were to C. will D. were3. “ May _ succeed !” she said silently . A. her B. she C. she will D. hers4.-Isnt it about time you _ to do morning exercise ? - Yes , it is . Would you like to join us ? A. begin B. have begun C. began D. had begunBest choice:5. The patient insisted that he

32、_ ill and _ to the hospital . A. wasnt ; wasnt sent B. wasnt ; shouldnt be sent C. shouldnt be ; wasnt sent D. shouldnt be ; shouldnt be sent6._ today , he would get there by Friday . A. Would there be B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave 7. Had you listened to the doctor , you _ all

33、 right now . A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been8. -Do you know his address ? - No , I also wish I _ where he _. A. knew ; live B. knew ; lives C. know ; lives D. know ; lived9. If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed , he would not suffer so much now . A. lies B. lay C. had lain D.

34、should lie 10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water , it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken11. I didnt see your sister at the meeting . If she _ , she would have met my brother . A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come12. It was ordered that everyt

35、hing _ ready before 10 oclock . A. be B. was C. would be D. were13. I would have come earlier but I _ that you were waiting . A. wouldnt know B. hadnt known C. didnt know D. havent known14. He suggested the problem worth paying attention _ at the meeting. A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. to discuss D. to discussing15. If he hadnt stopped me then , I _ what silly things I would have done . A. didnt know B. dont know C. hadnt known D. would know16. -He looks so heartbroken . -So _ you if you had such great trouble . A. would B. will C. did D. ar