主謂一致語法總結

主謂一致語法總結----安順一中曹方平供稿一．就近原則：在notonly?butalso,not?but,neither?nor,either?ortherebe?句型中，謂語動詞由相鄰的主語來確定。例：1.NotonlytheybutalsoIamgoingtocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject.2.EitheryouorJackisabouttotaketheplaceofthemanager.例：1.Theclassarebusyworkingontheexercisesatthemoment.2.Theteamwasanexcellentoneinthe25thOlympicGames.三．當兩個名詞用with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,but,except,besides,alongwith,including,like等連接起來做主語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。例：1.Jackie,withhisparents,intendstosetoutfor onbusinessnextweek.2.Theson,ratherthanhisparents,isresponsibleforthefireaccident.對(火災事故負責的是兒子而不是父母)四．當each,neither,either以及由every,any,no,some與one,body,thing構成的不定代詞做主語時，謂語動詞用單數。例：1.Eachofthegirlsisfondofpopmusicinherclass.2.Someoneisexpectingyouattheschoolgate.但none做主語時謂語用單復數都行。例：Noneofthemare/isinterestedinlocalmusic.另外：當every,each,no做定語時，即使用and連接兩個主語，謂語也用單數。例：1.Eachstudentispreparingforthefinalexaminationnow.1/62.Everyboyandeverygirlisproudoftheresultoftheexperiment.3.Noteacherandnostudentisadmittedtoentertheplace.4.TheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary此.(句中each做同位語，謂語由主語they確定)五.當主語表示時間，重量，距離，價格時，謂語動詞用單數。例：1.Fivehundreddollarsisquiteenoughforthereturnvoyage(返航)。2.Sevenkilometerswascoveredintwohours.但算式做主語時，謂語用單數，復數都可以。例：1.Fourtimesfiveis/aretwenty.(Fourtimesfivemake/makestwenty.)六．當主語是一個從句，不定式或動名詞時，謂語一般用單數。但由and連接兩個不定式或動名詞時，動詞則用復數，表示不同的兩件事。例：1.whetherhesucceedsorfailsdoesn'tconcernme.他(成功或失敗與我無關)2.Swimminginthe needsgreatcourage.3.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother.4.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimmingareofgreatuseforcharacter-training.另外：當what,all(that)或such引導的句子做主語時，謂語用單數或復數應看后面的表語來確定.例：1.WhathewantsissomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish,whilewhathelooksforwardtoaresomeEnglishdictionaries.2.Allthattheyaskforarevegetables,fruits,quiltsandclothes.3.SucharethethingsIoftendoinaday.4.SuchismybestfriendMary.2/6七．當一個復數名詞用做書名，人名，學科名或報刊名時，謂語用單數。例：1.Guiliver'sTravelsisanovelwrittenbyJonathanSwift（.格列佛游記）2.TheTimesisaveryhelpfulnewspaperforourstudies.（泰晤士報）八．定語從句的關系代詞在從句中充當主語時，從句的謂語應與先行詞保持一致。例：1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexamination.2.Theytoldussomethingaboutthehouseswhichwerebuiltinthe1540's/1540s.九．在強調句中，強調主語時，后面的動詞還是由被強調的主語來確定。例：1.Iaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.其強調句為： ItisIwhoaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.十．幾種較為特殊的主語與謂語的一致。當and與both?and連?接兩個主語時，一般用復數的謂語。但如果由and并列的兩個主語是指同一人時，此時后面一個主語沒有冠詞，其謂語用單數，表示一個人具有雙重身份。若后一個名詞前有冠詞，則表示兩個人，謂語則用復數。例：1.Theteacherandwriterisgivingtheboysaverywonderfullecture.2.Theteacherandthesingeraretalkinginthehall.B."the+形容詞/分詞"做主語表一類人時，謂語一般用復數；但therest要看它代表的東西來確定。例：1.Thewoundedarebeingdonefirstaidbesidetheroadnow.2..Shehastakensomeofthevegetables.Therestarestillonthetable.3/6做主語時，謂語一般用復數。但若與數。3.Hehaseatenupsomeofthecheese.Theresthasgonebad.4.TherestofthestorywaswonderfullymovingandIwasmovedtotearsC．many修飾主語時，謂語用復數。但 "manya?,morethanone單+數名詞"（意為"不只一個"），雖說具有復數意義，但謂語仍用單數。例：1.Manystudentshavemadethatmistakebefore.2.Manyastudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.3.Morethanonestudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.D.當trousers,shoes,glasses,clothes,socks,gloves等由兩個部分構成的物品apairof,akindof等連用時，謂語用單例：1.Histrousersaretornintopiecesinthebikeaccident.2.Thispairoftrousersbelongstomysister.Minearebeingwashed.主謂一致專練1．----_______eitherheorIproudofthejob?-----Neitherhenoryou__________.A.Am,areB.Is,areC.Are,areD.Am,isAknifeandfork______lyingonthefloor.A.wasseenB.wereseenC.seeD.sees3.Thefactory,includingitsequipmentsandbuildings,____burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wasD.were4.I,who_____yourclosefriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows(悲傷).A.wasB.areC.isD.am4/6Over70percentofthepopulationinthisprovince_______farmers.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveSomeperson______askingforyouattheentrancetothecinema.A.willbeB.isbeingC.isD.are7.Therestofthenovel_______verywonderfulandinstructive.A.wereB.areC.isD.seem8.Everymeans______tried,butthereisnoabsoluteresultyet.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.willbeD.were9.WhatIwant______aninterestingbookwhilewhatheexpects_____twocupsofcoffee.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are10.Ateacher,togetherwithfourstudents,______senttohelpwiththisresearchthenextweek.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.are11.Helostoneofthebookswhich______borrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.A.wereB.wasC.hadD.have12.Jack,aswellashisrelativesandfriends,________apartyathomenow.A.arehavingB.ishaveC.isholdingD.areholding13.The26thOlympicGames______heldsuccessfully.A.isB.willbeC.areD.were14.Allbuttheonethataskedforleaveyesterday______herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were5/615.Oneachsideoftheroad________alotoftalltrees.A.standsB.isstandingC.growD.isgrowing16.Threehourswithyouroldfriends________tobeashorttime.A.seemB.seemsC.isseemingD.hasseemed17.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfirstaidcenter_______yet.A.hasn'tbeendecidedB.doesn'tdecidedC.haven'tbeendecidedD.aren'tdecided18.TheUnitedNations________