2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號14

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery（）.

問題1選項

A.intelligible

B.obscure

C.dim

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：很少有人能理解他的演說，內(nèi)容太

。

intelligible可理解的，明白易懂的；obscure晦澀的，昏暗的；dim暗淡的，模糊的；conspicuous顯著的，出眾的。句子前半句說“很少有人能理解他的演說”，由此推斷，B項符合句意。

2.單選題

Therain（）ourspiritsbecausewewereplanningtogoforapicnic.

問題1選項

A.decreased

B.dampened

C.moistened

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:下雨我們的熱情，因?yàn)槲覀儽緛硪ヒ安?。Decreased降低，減少；dampened使...受挫；moistened弄濕；hampered妨礙。我們本來想去野餐，但是下雨妨礙了我們?nèi)ヒ安偷臒崆?。故選D。

3.單選題

What（）didtheyemploywhentheyselectedthispictureastheprize-winner?

問題1選項

A.criterion

B.regulation

C.condition

D.testimony

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：為了完成研究項目，教授給了

簡介。explicit詳盡的，詳述的；formidable可怕的，難以對付的；afflictive令人痛苦的，苦惱的；dominant支配的，顯性的。因此，A項符合句意。

4.單選題

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen（）,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

問題1選項

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.homogeneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：盡管大多數(shù)的夢明顯是（）出現(xiàn)的，夢境活動也可能受到外界的影響。

spontaneously自然地，不由自主地；simultaneously同時地；homogeneously同樣地；instantaneously即刻，突如其來地。因此，A項spontaneously符合句意。

5.單選題

We（）thathecannotfinishtheworkbeforeJune15.

問題1選項

A.prosecute

B.meddle

C.presume

D.mingle

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：我們他不能在六月十五號之前完成工作。prosecute起訴；meddle干涉；presume假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；mingle使混合，與……交往。因此，C項符合句意。

6.單選題

Heisholdinga（）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

問題1選項

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一個（）職位，他期望能夠盡快升職。

subordinate下級的，次要的；succeeding以后的；successive連續(xù)的，接替的；subsequent后來的，隨后的。根據(jù)后半句“他期望能夠盡快升職”推測，A項subordinate次要的符合句意。

7.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan（）forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問題1選項

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。inspirational鼓舞人心的；educational教育的；excessive過度的；instantaneous即刻的。句意是：由于她是我的教授兼指導(dǎo)老師，不妨告訴你，她具有一種（

）力量，激發(fā)著她的學(xué)生超越自我的期望。因此，A選項符合句意。

8.單選題

Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshould（）hisownplanforimproving

thelivingconditionsofthesepeople.

問題1選項

A.puton

B.putout

C.putin

D.putforward

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意：如果這里有人不同意我的意見，他應(yīng)該提出自己的計劃來改善這些人的生活條件。

9.單選題

Hefoundhisnewacquaintancetobe（）:tryingtounderstandherpersonalitywaslike

peeringintoanunknowndimension.

問題1選項

A.cosmopolitan

B.imperturbable

C.inscrutable

D.puerile

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)他新結(jié)識的朋友

，嘗試了解她的性格就如同窺探未知的領(lǐng)域。

cosmopolitan世界性的；世界主義的，四海一家的；imperturbable冷靜的；泰然自若的；inscrutable神秘的；不可理解的；不能預(yù)測的；不可思議的；puerile幼稚的；孩子氣的；未成熟的；天真的。因此，C項符合句意。

10.寫作題

Doyouthinkpeopleshouldbuythingsmadeintheirowncountry,evenwhenthepriceishigherthanthesamethingsmadesomewhereelse?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsbasedonthistopic.

【答案】

PeopleShouldChoosetheProductsTheyWouldLiketoBuy11.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventu-allybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftheewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughouturope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearninganddealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohu-man—asopposedtospiritual—values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafter-life—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingtheleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellaseligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed，experienced,discussed,anddis-seminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebe-ingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewrit-ingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandlit-erature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof().

3.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEX-CEPT().

4.Theword“disseminated”inline16isclosestinmeaningto()

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenais-sancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenais-sance.

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

問題2選項

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題3選項

A.usingreligiousthemes

B.portrayingonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.producingartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.creatingworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題4選項

A.played

B.documented

C.spread

D.analyzed

問題5選項

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開頭介紹了“復(fù)興”一詞的來源及興起。第二段寫文藝復(fù)興影響人們音樂思考和音樂創(chuàng)作的方式。第三段寫這一時期的音樂風(fēng)格多變，很難定義為單一的音樂類型。C項對文意的概括比較全面，所以C項正確。

2.第一段指出：Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual一values（對于這些學(xué)者而言，文藝復(fù)興意味著對人類價值而非精神方面的回歸）。C項“重視人類價值觀的主張”符合原文意思。

3.B項“僅僅描述人生經(jīng)歷中快樂的部分”不是藝術(shù)家和作家的目的，故選B。

4.“disseminated”出現(xiàn)在第二段:ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminated.（這些觀點(diǎn)的改變深深地影響了文藝復(fù)興時期的音樂文化——人們思考音樂的方式以及音樂的創(chuàng)作、體驗(yàn)、爭議和）。所以，C項spread“傳播”正確。

5.第三段指出：musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle（在本世紀(jì)半葉，音樂變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國家以不同的速度變化，但我們無法定義一種文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格）。所以“changedsorapidly”是原因，D項“音樂無法長時間的保持一種形式”正確。

12.單選題

Emailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessages

that（）welltohumanneeds.

問題1選項

A.adheres

B.conforms

C.satisfies

D.reflects

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。adheres堅持，黏附；conforms符合；satisfies滿足，使?jié)M意；reflects反射，考慮。句意：電子郵件是方便的、高度大眾化的用于傳遞信息的非正式媒介，它（）人們的需求。從語義上來說，B項和C項都可以,但是satisfy是及物動詞，排除。conformto意為“符合，遵照，順應(yīng)”，因此正確答案是B選項。

13.單選題

Thewoodwassorottenthat,whenwepulled,it（）intofragments.

問題1選項

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokethrough

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：木頭腐爛成那樣了，我們拉它的時候，它就

片了。

brokeaway脫離，放棄，裂開；brokeoff折斷，突然停止；brokeup分手，破碎；brokethrough突破。

后半句有一個“fragments（碎片）”,C項符合句意。雖然A項breakaway也可表示“弄碎”的意思，但后面一般不與“into（sth.）”連用。

14.單選題

Thelong-termfortunesofthemoderneconomydependinpartonthestrengthandsustainabilityofthefamily,bothinrelationtofertilitytrendsandtomarriagetrends.Thisbasic,butoftenover-looked,principleisnowatworkinthecurrentglobaleconomiccrisis.

Thedeclineofmarriageandfertilityisonefactorintheglobaleconomiccrisis.Thatis,onereasonthatsomeoftheworld’sleadingeconomies—fromJapantoItalytoSpaintotheeurozoneasawhole——arefacingfiscalchallengesisthattheirfertilityrateshavebeenbelowreplacementlevels(2.1childrenperwoman)fordecades.Persistentsub-replacementfertilityeventuallytranslatesintofewerworkersrelativetoretirees,whichputstremendousstrainsonpubliccoffersandtheeconomyasawhole.Indeed,onerecentstudyfindsthatalmosthalfoftherecentrun-upinpublicdebtintheWestcanbeattributedtorapidagingoverthelasttwodecades.

EvenChinamayseeitssky-highgrowthcomedowntoearthinthenextfewdecadesasitsworkforceshrinks”becauseofitsone-childpolicy,asCarlosGavalleandIarguedinarecentreport,TheSustainableDemographicDividend.Bycontrast,arecentRandstudysuggeststhatIndiawillhavemorefavorabledemographicsthanChina”overthenextfewdecades,insofarasitsworkforceispoisedtogrow.Infact,theRandstudysuggeststhatIndiamaybeabletousethisdemographicad-vantagetooutpaceChina’seconomicgrowthratesbytheendofthecentury.

Finally,it’snotjustfertilitythatmatters;it’salsomarriage.AtleastintheWest,childrenaremorelikelytoacquirethehumanandsocialcapitaltheyneedtothriveinthemoderneconomywhentheyareraisedinanintact,marriedfamilyintheU.S.,forinstance,childrenaremorelikelytograduatefromhighschool,completecollegeandbegainfullyemployedasyoungadultsiftheywereraisedinanintact,marriedfamily.

Andaroundtheglobe,menaremorelikelytogivetheirworktheirfullesteffortandattentionwhentheyaremarried；thisisonereasonmenworldwideenjoy“marriagepremiums”intheirin-come,rangingfromabout14percent(Mexico)to19percent(UnitedStates)to35percent(Rus-sia).So,atleastwhenitcomestomen，researchsuggeststhatmarriagehasimportantimplicationsforworkerproductivity.

Thebottom-linemessageisthatwhathappensinthehomedoesnotstayathome;rather,thesizeoffamilies，andtheirstabilityandquality，hasimportantimplicationsforthehealthoftheglobale-conomy.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

2.Onereasonthattheworld’sleadingeconomiesarefacingfiscalchallengesisthat（）.

3.“...itsworkforceispoisedtogrow”(Para.3)probablymeans（）

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingcanaffecteconomyEXCEPT（）

問題1選項

A.womenshouldbearmorechildreninordertoboosttheeconomy

B.bothmarriageandfertilityaffectacountry’seconomy

C.marriagehasimportantimplicationsforworkerproductivity

D.IndiawilloutpaceChina’seconomicgrowthratebytheendofthecentury

問題2選項

A.thereisaglobaleconomiccrisisinrecentyears

B.therearefewerbabies,andconsequently,peoplespendlessonmanycommodities

C.peopleinthesecountrieshavefewerchildrenthanneededtoreplacethepopulationformanyyears

D.therearetremendousstrainsonpubliccoffersandtheeconomyasawhole

問題3選項

A.itsworkforcepausestogrow

B.itsworkforcecontinuestogrowfast

C.itsworkforcecontinuestogrowsteadily

D.itsworkforcegrowsslowly

問題4選項

A.childrenfromanintact,marriedfamilyaremorelikelytohaveabetterlife

B.themorepeopleacountryhas,thestrongereconomyitwillhave

C.thehealthoftheglobaleconomydependsentirelyonindividualfamilies

D.menarelikelytoworkharderwhentheyaregoingtohavechildren

問題5選項

A.thesizeoffamilies

B.thestabilityoffamilies

C.thequalityoffamilies

D.menandwomenratiowithinthefamilies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。本文開篇指出：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展取決于家庭力量和承受力，也與生育和婚姻趨勢密切相關(guān)。因此，B項（婚姻和生育都會影響一個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)）正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“fiscalchallenges”定位至第二段：onereason...isthattheirfertilityrateshavebeenbelowreplacementlevels(2.1childrenperwoman)fordecades（一個重要原因在于生育率低于替代水平）。因此，C項（這些國家的人民多年來沒有足夠的子女來取代人口）正確。

3.語義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段。第三段指出：中國獨(dú)生子女政策使人口增長放緩，而印度人口還在快速增長，因此，C項（勞動力持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長）正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段指出：當(dāng)孩子們在一個完好無損的已婚家庭長大時，更有可能從高中畢業(yè)，完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，并作為年輕人獲得豐厚的就業(yè)機(jī)會。因此推斷,選項A（來自完好無損的已婚家庭的孩子更有可能過上更好的生活）正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出，影響全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的其他因素還有家庭大小、穩(wěn)定性和家庭關(guān)系和諧度，分別對應(yīng)A、B、C選項，因此D項除外。

15.單選題

Japanisa（）societyofonenationalityandafewunderrepresentedminoritygroups，suchastheethnicChineseandKoreans.

問題1選項

A.spontaneous

B.simultaneous

C.homogenous

D.instantaneous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：日本是一個（）單民族社會，由一個民族和一些代表性不足的像中國人和韓國人這樣的少數(shù)群體組成。spontaneous自發(fā)的；simultaneous同時存在的；homogenous同源的，純系的；instantaneous瞬間的。C選項homogenous符合句意。

16.單選題

TheexpeditionhasleftfortheAndesandthereisno（）whenitwillreturn.

問題1選項

A.informing

B.reporting

C.knowing

D.advising

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：探險隊已出發(fā)前往安第斯山脈，但沒有通知何時返回。故選A。

17.單選題

Atthepartywefoundthatshygirl（）hermotherallthetime.

問題1選項

A.dependingon

B.adheringto

C.clingingto

D.coincidingwith

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。在聚會上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個害羞的女孩一直（）她的媽媽。

dependingon依賴；adheringto黏附；clingingto（緊緊）黏著；coincidingwith符合，一致。按理說，B項和C項都有“黏著”的意思，符合句意。C項暗含了“緊緊地”這一層意思。因此，C項正確。

18.單選題

Insomeculturestheessenceofmagicisitstraditionalintegrity;itcanbeefficientonlyifithasbeen（）withoutlossfromprimevaltimestothepresentpractitioner.

問題1選項

A.aggrandized

B.realized

C.transmitted

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：在某些文化中魔術(shù)的本質(zhì)是其傳統(tǒng)的完整性；只有當(dāng)它從遠(yuǎn)古時代毫發(fā)無損地

到今天的從業(yè)人員手中時它才是有效的。

aggrandized夸大；realized實(shí)現(xiàn)；transmitted傳輸，傳送；manipulated操作。選項C“傳輸，傳送”符合句意，在此意為“傳承”。

19.單選題

TheSupremeCourt（）thejudgmentofthelowercourt.

問題1選項

A.amplified

B.affirmed

C.ascended

D.applauded

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：最高法院

下級法院的判決。amplify擴(kuò)大，詳述；affirm斷定，確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)，支持；ascend上升；applaud鼓掌。因此，B項符合句意。

20.翻譯題

1.Eversinceitscreationover40yearsago，theInternethasremainedapredominantlyunre-strictedplace.Itisaplacewhereanyonecanpresentthemselvesinanyformtheychoose，butwhathappenswhenyourdigitalidentitybeginstomergewithyourreal-worldidentity?Arethosewhochoosetohidetheirrealnamesindangeroflosinganonymityonline?

2.Suchisthepowerofanonymityonthewebthatithasmadeitpossibleforpeople—someof

whommightnormallyberestrictedfromcommunicatingwiththeoutsideworld—tospeakoutwithoutfearingtherepercussionsoftheiractions.Actionscouldputthemindangerifcarriedoutusingtheirrealnames.Concealingone’strueidentityonlinehasmadeitpossibleforfreespeechtobreakthroughthephysicalbarriersenforcedbygovernmentsanddictatorshipsacrosstheworld.

3.Beinganonymousonthewebalsomakesitpossibleforpeopletodiscusssensitivesubjects，suchasmedicalconditions,physicalabuseandsexualorientation，withouttheseactionsaffectingtheireverydaylivesinanegativeorpotentiallyharmfulway.

Therearemanypositivewaystouseanonymityontheweb,buttherecansometimesbeveryde-structivesideeffectstoo，suchasbullying,racism,impersonationofanindividualorindividualswhobelievetheyareunidentifiable.84.Whenthiskindofdamagingactivityiscarriedoutonline，howcantheoffendereverbeheldaccountablefortheiractionswhentheyarealmostentirelyuntraceableinavirtualworld?

85.Alotofthetimetheysimplycannotbeidentifiedandthereforecannotbeheldaccountable，theoffendingindividualhidesbehindapseudonym，maskinghisorhertrueidentityandprotectingthemselvesfromtherepercussionsoftheiractions.Thisallsoundsverycomplicatedtoachieve，butinrealityit’sassimpleassettingupanemailaddress，creatinganonlineprofileunderafalsenameandcarryingoutmaliciousactsfromarandom,nondescriptlocation.

【答案】1.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)從創(chuàng)立以來已有40多年的歷史，但它現(xiàn)在仍然是一個相當(dāng)不受約束的地方。

在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，任何人都可以按他們意愿選擇任何方式來展示自己。但是當(dāng)你的電子身份和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的身份開始合二為一時，會發(fā)生什么事情呢？

2.網(wǎng)絡(luò)匿名的好處是：它可以使那些可能通常被限制與外界溝通的人暢所欲言，并且不用擔(dān)心他們的這些行為造成的影響。

3.在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上匿名還可以讓人們討論一些敏感話題，比如醫(yī)療條件、身體虐待、性取向等話題。這些行為并不會對他們的日常生活產(chǎn)生消極的或潛在的不利影響。

4.當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上出現(xiàn)這種破壞性行為時，違法者在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中幾乎完全無跡可尋，在這種情況下，他們該如何對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)呢？

5.大多數(shù)時候，他們因?yàn)樯矸轃o法確定而不能被問責(zé)。這些違法的個體隱藏在假名后面，以遮掩他或她的真實(shí)身份，同時保護(hù)他們不受自身行為的影響。

21.單選題

Government（）theuseofseatbeltsinallcars.

問題1選項

A.prevails

B.provokes

C.mediates

D.mandates

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：政府（）在所有車中使用安全帶。

prevail勝過，獲勝，生效，流行；provoke激起，挑釁；mediate調(diào)解，斡旋，居中；man-date授權(quán)，托管，強(qiáng)制。D選項“強(qiáng)制”符合句意。

22.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.

Theparable（寓言）ofthissemi-animal,semi?humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnaturesandthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andtheli-on,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegiti-mategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthem-selvestobedeceived.

1.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat（）.

2.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates（）

3.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare（）

4.Thefox,inthepassage,is（）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust（

）.

問題1選項

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

問題2選項

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

問題3選項

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforceonly

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginforce

問題4選項

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

問題5選項

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理題。第一段指出：butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient，onemusthaverecoursetothesecond（只使用第一種方法是不夠的，還要使用第二種方法）。D選項“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須始終如一”符合題意。

2.推理題。根據(jù)文章推斷,“Prince”指代的是A項“任何掌權(quán)的人”。

3.推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ion”定位至第二段:...forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis，由此推測lion僅有力量但不能保護(hù)自己免入陷阱。因此B項正確。

4.推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“fox”定位至第二段：Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoact

asabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.由此可知，狐貍是狡猾的，而且作者對此持肯定態(tài)度。因此A項正確。

5.推理題。第二段指出：Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist…thosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest。因此作者認(rèn)為，精明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該向狐貍學(xué)習(xí)，善于偽裝。B項正確。

23.單選題

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文選）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（費(fèi)力地閱讀冗長或艱深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresultin（）

問題1選項

A.respondingtoacriticism

B.describingacourseofstudy

C.discussingaproblem

D.evaluatingapastcourseofaction

問題2選項

A.lackofacceptablealternatives

B.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternatives

C.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogood

D.multitudeofdifferentalternatives

問題3選項

A.primarysourcematerials

B.introductorytexts

C.excellentanthologies

D.referencematerials

問題4選項

A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchwasextremelylimited.

B.Thetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudents.

C.Studentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtothem,insuchcourses.

D.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources.

問題5選項

A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfield

B.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudies

C.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandculture

D.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsi-anAmericanstudies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。本文主要講述了亞美研究中教授基礎(chǔ)課程的老師一直面臨著不知道向?qū)W生推薦哪本教科書的困境。因此C項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出：Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents（即使是這個領(lǐng)域的專家也很難推薦教科書），因此，D項“面臨多種選擇的困境”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopedias”定位至第二段：Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias（一個復(fù)雜的原因是在亞裔美國人身上一直缺乏專門的一卷參考書，如傳記詞典或桌面百科全書）。因此，D項referencematerials（參考資料）正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出：Inrecentyears，teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable（近幾年來，亞美研究入門課程的教師們面臨著幾十年前不存在的兩難境地，當(dāng)時幾乎沒有這方面的教材）。因此，A項“能用作教科書的資料極其有限”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出：sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial（因?yàn)楹玫膮⒖假Y料可以讓學(xué)生獲得必要的背景信息并解讀難的不熟悉的資料）。因此D項“包含在更廣泛的亞美研究的閱讀書目中”正確。

24.寫作題

Inthecurrentjobmarket,universitygraduatesarehavingahardtimefindingjobswhilemanyemployersarecomplainingabouttheshortageofworkhands.Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsanalyzingthephenomenon.YouressayshouldbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEET2.

【答案】WhyAreUniversityGraduatesHavingaHardTimeFindingJobs?25.單選題

Hundredsoflocalresidentssigneda（）againstclosingtheswimming-pool.

問題1選項

A.petition

B.perceive

C.partition

D.participation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：數(shù)百名當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈炇鹆艘环莘磳﹃P(guān)閉游泳池的請愿書。因此選A。

26.單選題

Manyreportedthatthegeneralmilitarymessagetheyreceivedwasthat,asnurses,theywereex-pectedtobe（）strong.

問題1選項

A.empirically

B.eminently

C.emulously

D.emotionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：許多人聲稱，他們收到的一般軍事信息是，作為護(hù)士，他們應(yīng)該在堅強(qiáng)。empirically憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)地，經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地；eminently突出地，顯著地；emulously好勝地，

競爭性地；emotionally感情上，心理上。因此，D項符合句意。

27.單選題

Somepracticalis（）desirableforcandidatesinterestedinapplyingforthisjob.

問題1選項

A.exploit

B.adventure

C.initiative

D.experience

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：對于有興趣申請這份工作的候選人來說，一些實(shí)用

是可取的。exploit功績，功勛；adventure冒險；initiative主動權(quán)，首創(chuàng)精神；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此，D項符合句意。

28.翻譯題

Bacteria（細(xì)菌）,likepeople,canbedividedintofriendandfoe.81.Inspiredbyevidencethatthefriendlysortmayhelpwitharangeofailments（疾?。?manypeopleconsumebacteriaintheformofyogurtsanddietarysupplements.Suchasmatteringofartificialadditions,however,representsbutadropintheocean.Thereareatleast800typesofbacterialivinginthehumangut.AndresearchbyStevenGilloftheInstituteforGenomicResearchinRockville,Maryland,andhiscolleagues,publishedinthisweek’sScience,suggeststhatthecollectivegenomeoftheseorganismsissolargethatitcontains100timesasmanygenesasthehumangenomeitself.

DrGillandhisteamwereabletocometothisconclusionbyextractingbacterialDNAfromthefaeces（糞便）oftwovolunteers.82.Becauseofthecomplexityofthesamples,theywerenotabletoreconstructtheentiregenomes（基因組）ofeachoftheg