2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-天津師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)12

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-天津師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpresses"probability"?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Youmustleaveimmediately.

B.Youmustbefeelingrathertired.

C.Youmustbeherebyeighto’clock.

D.Youmustcompletereadingassignmentontime.

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。題干：下面哪個(gè)句子表達(dá)“可能性”？

must作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可以表示命令或推測(cè)。B選項(xiàng)表示推測(cè)，其他選項(xiàng)表示命令。

2.單選題

Althoughtherewasalotmoretosay,Stephen（

）fromfurtherquestions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflected

B.strained

C.refrained

D.resisted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reflect意為“反射（光、熱、聲或影像）”；strain意為“拉緊，拉傷”；refrain意為“抑制，克制”。refrainfrom意為“忍住”；resist意為“抵抗，抗拒”。

句意：雖然還有更多的話要說(shuō)，斯蒂芬忍住進(jìn)一步的問(wèn)題。

3.單選題

ChristianscalmJesuswasareal（

）character,butsometodayhavetheirdoubts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.historical

B.historic

C.history

D.historian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。historical意為“歷史的，歷史上的”，指的是和歷史有關(guān)的或是歷史上出現(xiàn)過(guò)的人或事；historic意為“有歷史影響的”，指重要的歷史事件；history意為“歷史，歷史學(xué)”；historian意為“歷史學(xué)家”。

句意：基督徒聲稱耶穌是歷史上一個(gè)真實(shí)的人物，但今天有些人對(duì)此表示懷疑。

4.單選題

He（

）hishead,wonderinghowtosolvetheproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scrapped

B.screwed

C.scraped

D.scratched

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。scrap意為“廢棄，報(bào)廢”；screw意為“旋緊，擰緊”；scrape意為“刮，擦”；scratch意為“撓，搔，抓”。

句意：他撓他的頭，不知如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

5.單選題

Thepolice（

）himabouthismovementsatthelineofthecrime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.chuckled

B.blurted

C.grilled

D.pried

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。chuckle意為“輕聲地笑”；blurt意為“突然說(shuō)出，脫口而出”；grill意為“盤(pán)問(wèn)，審問(wèn)”；pry意為“打聽(tīng)，刺探”。

句意：警察在審問(wèn)了他關(guān)于他在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的行動(dòng)。

6.單選題

The（

）ofthescientificattitudeisthatthehumanmindcansucceedinunderstandingtheuniverse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.essence

B.texture

C.content

D.threshold

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。essence意為“本質(zhì)，實(shí)質(zhì)”；texture意為“質(zhì)地”；content意為“內(nèi)容”；threshold意為“門(mén)檻，入口，開(kāi)始”。句意：科學(xué)態(tài)度的本質(zhì)是人類的頭腦能夠成功地理解宇宙。

7.單選題

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3°Cwarmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarming-uptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming,inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand"cold"spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror"colder"facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth'sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.

1.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould（

）.

2.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain（

）.

3.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis（

）.

4.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsbelievetheopinionthat（

）.

5.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect,（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurface

B.meanawarming-upintheArctic

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurface.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegreenhouseeffect

B.thesolareffectsontheearth

C.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions

D.thecausesaffectingweather

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerising

B.possiblebecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremelting

C.exclusivelyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate

D.partlyduetovariationsintheoutputofsolarenergy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler

B.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect

C.theman-madewarningeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffects

D.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffect

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels.

B.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere.

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheastrospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly.

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。文章第一段的內(nèi)容為：在大氣中，二氧化碳的作用就像一面單面鏡子或溫室屋頂上的玻璃，它允許陽(yáng)光進(jìn)入，但阻止熱量溢出。因此選D，在大氣中二氧化碳的濃度將提高地球表面的溫度。

第2題:主旨大意題。文章第一段至第四段主要講了二氧化碳對(duì)全球氣候的影響，最后兩段主要講了太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)對(duì)全球氣候變暖的影響，因此選D，本文主要解釋影響天氣的原因。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第五段中However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling...Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?和第六段中第一句Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun（一種可能是太陽(yáng)的變化行為）可知選D，部分的原因是太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)的變化。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.（問(wèn)題是，這些模型預(yù)測(cè)，世界應(yīng)該進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的冰河時(shí)代，但事實(shí)并非如此）可知A選項(xiàng)“世界氣候應(yīng)該變得更冷”符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.（如果這是正確的，那么二氧化碳的溫室效應(yīng)可以抵消太陽(yáng)熱量的減少）可知選B，如果關(guān)于新冰河延期的假設(shè)是正確的，那么冰很快就會(huì)覆蓋北半球。

8.單選題

Scientistshavefoundthatscents（

）efficiencyandreducestressamongofficeworkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhance

B.amplify

C.foster

D.magnify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。enhance意為“提高，增加”；amplify意為“放大，擴(kuò)大”；foster意為“培養(yǎng)”；magnify意為“放大”。

句意：科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，氣味能提高辦公室職員的效率，減輕他們的壓力。

9.單選題

Britain’spressisunusual（

）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】C

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句?？崭袂懊鏋閮蓚€(gè)完整的句子，缺少連詞連接，inthat意為“因?yàn)?，原因是”，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

句意：英國(guó)的印刷業(yè)與眾不同，因?yàn)樗环殖蓛煞N不同類型的報(bào)紙。

10.翻譯題

Adversity(逆境)referstothedifficultiesandsetbacksconfrontedbypeopleinlife.Adversityexistsineveryone'slife.Itplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofpeople’sgrowthandmaturity.People'sattitudetowardsadversitydeterminesitsinfluenceonthem.AdoptingapositiveattitudetowardsadversitywillmaturateourpersonalityTherefore,adversityisactuallyachallengeandtrial,whichcanbringonespotentialintofullplay.Itcanhelpdriveawayone'slazinessandperfectoneselfinthefightagainstdifficulties.Thatisthesignificanceofadversity.

【答案】逆境是指人們?cè)谏钪杏龅降睦щy和挫折。逆境存在于每個(gè)人的生活中。它在人們的成長(zhǎng)和成熟過(guò)程中起著重要的作用。人們對(duì)待逆境的態(tài)度決定了它對(duì)他們的影響。對(duì)逆境采取積極的態(tài)度將使我們的個(gè)性成熟，因此逆境實(shí)際上是一種挑戰(zhàn)和考驗(yàn)，它能使人潛能充分發(fā)揮。它能幫助人趕走懶惰，在對(duì)抗困難的斗爭(zhēng)中完善自己。這就是逆境的意義。

11.單選題

Themedicine（

）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.activated

B.mediated

C.alleviated

D.deteriorated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。activate意為“使活動(dòng)，觸發(fā)”；mediate意為“調(diào)解，調(diào)?！?；alleviate意為“減輕，緩和”；deteriorate意為“使惡化”。

句意：藥物緩解了他的疼痛，但并沒(méi)有治愈他的疾病。

12.單選題

Theradioactivitytowhichtheywereexposedwassopowerfulthatthedeadmen'sbodieswerethemselvesaradiation（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bumper

B.fatality

C.hazard

D.expansion

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。bumper意為“緩沖器”；fatality意為“死亡，致命性，宿命”；hazard意為“冒險(xiǎn)”；expansion意為“擴(kuò)大”。句意：他們接觸到的放射性是如此強(qiáng)烈，以至于死者的尸體本身就是輻射擴(kuò)散。

13.單選題

Aseducationallevelsriseandinformationtechnologyaccelerates,thedistinctionbetween"managers"and"workers"will（

）andmanagementknowledgewillbeeveryone'sresponsibility.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fadeaway

B.passaway

C.slipaway

D.washaway

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。fadeaway意為“消失，衰弱”；passaway意為“（時(shí)間等）消磨掉”；slipaway意為“悄沒(méi)聲息地溜走”；washaway意為“沖走，清洗”。

句意：隨著教育水平的提高和信息技術(shù)的加速，“管理者”與“員工”之間的區(qū)別將逐漸消失，管理知識(shí)將是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。

14.單選題

Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandrears,bythelate1970s.neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust"mentalnoise"therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostatregulatingmoodswhilethebrainisoff-line"Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter,"it'syourdream"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter."Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit.

Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep-whenmostvividdreamsoccur-asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr,EricNofZingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved,thelimbicsystem(the"emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet,"Wewakeupfromdreamshappyofdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday"saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.

ThelinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright'sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupiedwithdailylifewedon'talwaysthinkabouttheemotionalsignificanceoftheday'sevents-until,itappears,webegintodream.

Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream,visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead,thenexttimeisoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse.Withmuchpracticepeoplecanlearnto,literally,doitintheirsleep.

Attheendoftheday,there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingof"wewakeupinapanic”.CartwrightsaysTerrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople'sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist.Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings,sleep-orratherdream-onitandyou'llfeelbetterinthemorning.

1.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams

（

）.

2.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow（

）.

3.Thenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendto

（

）.

4.Cartwrightseemstosuggestthat

（

）.

5.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavehaddreams?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.canbemodifiedintheircourses

B.aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges

C.reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears

D.arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itsfunctioninourdreams

B.themechanismofREMsleep

C.therelationofdreamstoemotions

D.itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.aggravateinourunconsciousmind.

B.developintohappydreams.

C.persisttillthetimewefallasleep.

D.showupindreamsearlyatnight.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.wakingupintimeisessentialtotheriddingofbaddreams

B.visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontroll

C.dreamsshouldbelefttotheirnaturalprogression

D.dreamingmaynotentirelybelongtotheunconscious

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Leadyourlifeasusual.

B.Seekprofessionalhelp.

C.Exerciseconsciouscontrol.

D.Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.（一位權(quán)威人士說(shuō)，這些強(qiáng)大的精神事件不僅可以被利用，而且實(shí)際上可以在有意識(shí)的控制下，幫助我們睡眠和感覺(jué)更好）"it'syourdream"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter."Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit.可知選A。

第2題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中thelimbicsystem(the"emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortexisrelativelyquiet,"Wewakeupfromdreamshappyofdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday"可知邊緣系統(tǒng)（“情感大腦”）特別活躍，夢(mèng)里的感覺(jué)會(huì)影響一天的情緒，因此選C，作者是為了說(shuō)明夢(mèng)與情緒的關(guān)系。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.（大多數(shù)人在晚上入睡的較早階段做更多不好的夢(mèng)，在快醒來(lái)之前，會(huì)逐漸做一些更開(kāi)心的夢(mèng)，這意味著他們?cè)诳朔滋飚a(chǎn)生的負(fù)面情緒）因此選D。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.（而該過(guò)程不一定是無(wú)意識(shí)的。Cartwright認(rèn)為人們練習(xí)有意識(shí)地控制反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的惡夢(mèng)）可知D選項(xiàng)“做夢(mèng)可能并不完全屬于無(wú)意識(shí)”符合題意。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingof"wewakeupinapanic”可知只要夢(mèng)不使我們無(wú)法入睡或從夢(mèng)中驚醒，就幾乎沒(méi)有理由關(guān)注我們做的夢(mèng)，因此對(duì)有時(shí)做夢(mèng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，像以往正常的生活就行，故選A。

15.單選題

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，儲(chǔ)存隨著增多，與B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)表述相反；C、D選項(xiàng)在第一段中雖有提及，但都只是一筆帶過(guò)，因此A選項(xiàng)“石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油沖擊是真正的危險(xiǎn)，建造核反應(yīng)堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知選C。

第3題:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知與A選項(xiàng)相符（雖然不是一種好的方法，但也屬于一種方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B選項(xiàng)相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower與D選項(xiàng)相符。通過(guò)排除法，選C，只有C選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有在文章中提及。

第4題:詞義題。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大氣中放太多的碳，你可能最終會(huì)……可能會(huì)造成災(zāi)難性的后果）的句意，可知A選項(xiàng)“地球變得越來(lái)越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料點(diǎn)燃”最為恰當(dāng)。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講了石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用；第二段主要講了石油的重要性及影響，提出了建造核反應(yīng)堆應(yīng)對(duì)石油危機(jī)的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要講了減少擁堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要講了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化最好的方式是向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)變，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonbookssomebodytellsyouyou‘‘ought”toread,youprobablywon’thavefun.Butifyouputdownabookyoudon’tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime—andifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinder,ormoregentle,youwon’thavesufferedduringtheprocess.

【答案】只有當(dāng)你期望閱讀是有趣的時(shí)候，它才是有趣的。如果你全神貫注于別人告訴你“應(yīng)該”讀的書(shū)，你可能不會(huì)有樂(lè)趣。但是如果你放下一本你不喜歡的書(shū)，并嘗試另一本，直到你找到一本對(duì)你有點(diǎn)意義的書(shū)，然后輕松地讀下去，你肯定能樂(lè)在其中——如果你因?yàn)殚喿x而變得更好，更智慧，更友善，或者更文雅，你就不會(huì)在這個(gè)過(guò)程中受苦。

17.單選題

Thegovernorsaidhewould（

）judgmentuntilhereceivedthecommittee’sreport.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withstand

B.withhold

C.scrutinize

D.ferret

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。withstand意為“經(jīng)受，承受”；withhold意為“拒給，扣留”；scrutinize意為“仔細(xì)檢查”；ferret意為“搜出，查獲”。

句意：州長(zhǎng)說(shuō)，他將在收到委員會(huì)的報(bào)告后才做出判斷。

18.單選題

Assoonastheboywasabletoearnhisownliving,he（

）hisparents’strictrules.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defied

B.refuted

C.excluded

D.vetoed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。defy意為“不服從”；refute意為“駁斥，駁倒”；exclude意為“排除，不包括”；veto意為“反對(duì)，否定”。

句意：一旦這個(gè)男孩能夠自食其力，他就不會(huì)服從他父母的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定。

19.單選題

Ican’treadthemarksandnotesJimmadeinthemargin.Theyaretoo（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faint

B.foggy

C.transparent

D.misty

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。faint意為“微弱的，模糊的”；foggy意為“有霧的”；transparent意為“透明的”；misty意為“多霧的”。

句意：我看不清吉姆在空白處做的記號(hào)和筆記。

20.單選題

Youcanimprovethequalityofyoureverydaylifebybuilding（

）,whichwillhelpyouadapttostressandbouncebackfromlife'smostdifficulttimes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistence

B.competence

C.resistance

D.resilience

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。consistence意為“濃度，堅(jiān)固性”；competence意為“能力”；resistance意為“抵抗”；resilience意為“彈力，快速恢復(fù)，適應(yīng)力”。

句意：你可以提高你日常生活的質(zhì)量通過(guò)培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)力，這將幫助你適應(yīng)壓力并從生活中最艱難的時(shí)刻恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。

21.單選題

Poorconditions,badhousing,unemploymentandracismtaketheir（

）onblackpeople'smentalhealth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.risk

B.harm

C.toll

D.chance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。risk意為“危險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)”；harm意為“損害，傷害”；toll意為“（道路、橋梁的）通行費(fèi)，（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、災(zāi)難等造成的）毀壞”；chance意為“機(jī)會(huì)，機(jī)遇”。

句意：不好的條件、惡劣的住房、失業(yè)和種族主義對(duì)黑人的精神健康有傷害。

22.單選題

Becomingdisabledbyanaccidentisoneofthemostserious（

）thatalldriversface.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shortcomings

B.faults

C.mistakes

D.hazards

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortcoming意為“短處，缺點(diǎn)”；fault意為“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”；mistake意為“錯(cuò)誤，過(guò)失”；hazard意為“危險(xiǎn)，危害，事故”。

句意：車禍致殘是所有司機(jī)面臨的最大威脅之一。

23.單選題

Igotseverallengthyphonecallsfrom（

）employerswhowereveryinterestedinme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.rewarding

C.generous

D.monotonous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prospective意為“預(yù)期的”；rewarding意為“值得的”；generous意為“慷慨的，大方的”；monotonous意為“單調(diào)乏味的”。

句意：我接到幾個(gè)來(lái)自乏味雇主的冗長(zhǎng)的電話，他們對(duì)我很感興趣。

24.單選題

By（

）allofthemoredifficultquestionsbythepress,themayorarousedsuspicionthathewasnotwellinformedintheissues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoiding

B.considering

C.answering

D.requesting

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。avoid意為“避免”；consider意為“考慮”；answer意為“答復(fù)”；request意為“要求”。

句意：通過(guò)回避媒體提出的所有更棘手的問(wèn)題，市長(zhǎng)引起了人們的懷疑，人們認(rèn)為他不了解這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

25.單選題

Oneeffectofthe（

）economyof2009onstateandlocalgovernmentsisadecreaseinincome,sales,andpropertytaxrevenues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.sluggish

C.substantial

D.pervasive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prosperous意為“繁榮的，興旺的”；sluggish意為“緩慢的，遲緩的”；substantial意為“大量的，重大的”；pervasive意為“遍布的，普遍的”。

句意：2009年經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢對(duì)國(guó)家和地方政府的影響是收入、銷售和財(cái)產(chǎn)稅收入的減少。

26.單選題

Thebanknoteswhichhadfooledmanybanktellerswerediscoveredtobe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.defective

C.counterfeit

D.faulty

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。artificial意為“人工的，人造的”；defective意為“有缺點(diǎn)的”；counterfeit意為“偽造的，仿造的”；faulty意為“不完美的，有錯(cuò)誤的”。

句意：欺騙了許多銀行出納員的鈔票被發(fā)現(xiàn)是假幣。

27.單選題

Thejobsofwildlifetechniciansandbiologistseemed（

）tohim,butonedayhediscoveredtheirdifference.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.vertical

C.parallel

D.specific

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。identical意為“相同的，同一的”；vertical意為“垂直的，豎立的”；parallel意為“平行的”；specific意為“明確的”。

句意：野生動(dòng)物技術(shù)人員和生物學(xué)家的工作對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)似乎是一樣的，但有一天他發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們的不同之處。

28.單選題

Successfulbusinessmentodayarelikelytobeyoungaggressiveandwell-educated.（

）theyarewillingtotakeriskstoachievesuccess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Afterall

B.Allinall

C.Overall

D.Aboveall

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。afterall意為“畢竟”；allinall意為“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，大體而言”；overall意為“大致上，總體上”；aboveall意為“首要的是，尤其”。

句意：今天成功的商人可能是年輕、有進(jìn)取心和受過(guò)良好教育的人。重要的是，他們?cè)敢饷半U(xiǎn)取得成功。

29.單選題

WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Allhislecturesarewereinteresting.

B.Halftheirsavingsweregone.

C.Manyhisfriendscametotheparty.

D.Bothhissistersarenurses.

【答案】C

【解析】考查限定詞。題干：下面哪個(gè)句子不正確？

many后面不能直接跟限定詞。

30.單選題

Thetranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhissourcelanguages,fullfacilityinthehandlingofhistargetlanguage,whichwillbehismothertongueorlanguageofhabitual（1）andaknowledgeandunderstandingofthelatestsubject-matterinhisfieldofspecialization.

Thisis,asitwere,hisprofessionalequipment,（2）this,itisdesirablethatheshouldhaveaninquiringmind,wideinterests,agoodmemoryandtheabilitytograspquicklythebasicprinciplesofnewdevelopments.Heshouldbewillingtowork（3）hisown,oftenathighspeeds,butshouldbehumbleenoughtoconsultother（4）hisownknowledgenotalwaysproveadequatetothetaskinhand.Heshouldbeabletotypefairlyquicklyandaccuratelyand,ifheisworkingmainlyforpublication,shouldhavemorethananodding（5）withprintingtechniquesandproof-reading.Ifheisworkingbasicallyasaninformationtranslator,letussay,foranindustrialfirm,heshouldhavetheflexibilityofmindtoenablehimto（6）rapidlyfromonesourcelanguagetoanother,aswellasfromonesubject-mattertoanother,sincethisabilityisfrequently（7）ofhiminsuchwork.

Bearinginmindthenatureofthetranslator’swork,i.e,theprocessingofthewrittenword,itis,strictlyspeaking（8）thatheshouldbeabletospeakthelanguageheisdealingwith.Ifhedoesspeakthem,itisanadvantage（9）ahindrance,butthisskillisinmanywaysaluxurythathecan（10）with.Itis,however,desirablethatheshouldhaveanapproximateideaaboutthepronunciationofhissourcelanguagesevenifthisisrestrictedtoknowinghowpropernamesandplacenamesarepronounced.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.application

B.use

C.utility

D.usage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Morethan

B.Exceptfor

C.Becauseof

D.Inadditionto

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.by

C.for

D.on

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.should

B.when

C.because

D.if

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.familiarity

B.acquaintance

C.knowledge

D.skill

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.change

B.transform

C.turn

D.switch

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.lacked

B.required

C.faced

D.confronted

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.essential

B.unnecessary

C.advantageous

D.useless

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.despite

C.ratherthan

D.instead

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.deal

B.concern

C.work

D.doaway

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:D

【解析】第1題:考查名詞辨析。application意為“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”，指理論知識(shí)的運(yùn)用；use意為“使用”，指工具等的使用；utility意為“效用，有用”，指有效地使用某物使其發(fā)揮效用；usage意為“使用”，指具體的用法。languageofhabitualuse表示“習(xí)慣性使用語(yǔ)言”，指語(yǔ)言的適用。

第2題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。此處表示翻譯人員除了應(yīng)具備前面所說(shuō)的基本知識(shí)外，還應(yīng)有好學(xué)的品質(zhì)。morethan意為“不只是”；exceptfor意為“除……之外”；becauseof意為“因?yàn)?，由于”；inadditionto意為“另外，除……之外（還）”。

第3題:考查固定搭配。onone’sown意為“靠自己”。

第4題:考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此處是if對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬，從句中省略了if，采用部分倒裝。

第5題:考查固定搭配。anoddingacquaintance意為“點(diǎn)頭之交”。

第6題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。changefrom...to意為“從……變成”；transform意為“改變，改觀”；turn意為“轉(zhuǎn)變”；switch意為“轉(zhuǎn)換，交換”。此處表示從一種語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換到另一種語(yǔ)言。

第7題:考查固定搭配。belackedof意為“缺乏”；requiresth.ofsb.意為“對(duì)某人有某物的要求”；befacedwith意為“面臨”；beconfrontedwith意為“面對(duì)，面臨”。

第8題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義，由前面的thenatureofthetranslator’swork,theprocessingofthewritten,itis（譯者工作的性質(zhì)即文字的處理）和后面的beabletospeakthelanguageheisdealingwith（能夠說(shuō)他正在處理的語(yǔ)言）可知嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō)他不必會(huì)講他說(shuō)處理的語(yǔ)言。

第9題:考查連詞