2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國人民大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號58

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國人民大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Remembertoaskfora（）ofqualityforthesegoods;otherwisetheywillnotofferanymaintenance.

問題1選項

A.warranty

B.promise

C.certificate

D.receipt

【答案】A

【解析】上下文語義。句意：記得要為這些貨物要求質量保證；否則他們不會提供任何維修。選項A符合語境。

2.單選題

Tonyhasnottheleast（）ofgivinguphisresearchwork.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.interest

C.wish

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。句意：Tony絲毫沒有放棄其研究工作的打算。選項A符合語境。

3.單選題

Heclaimsthatadvertisingtodaytendstoportraywomenintraditionalrolessuchascookingortakingcareofthebaby.

問題1選項

A.depict

B.advocate

C.criticize

D.analyze

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：他聲稱，如今的廣告傾向于將女性塑造成做飯或照顧孩子等傳統(tǒng)角色。選項A與劃線部分意思最為接近。

4.單選題

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlife（

）

forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.

問題1選項

A.conservation

B.maintenance

C.storage

D.reserve

【答案】D

【解析】固定用法。wildlifereserve指野生動物保護區(qū)。所以選項D正確。

5.單選題

InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericansinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.

PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.

Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheoppositewhenlistening.Theyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.

ManyAfricanAmericanscommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.

InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters,non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericansinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildrenlackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.

Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.

Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians’intentionsandthefightbegan.

Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or“disses,”thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase“Idemandsatisfaction,”whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.Mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.

AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s“CityWalk”attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst“physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring...”

1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（）.

2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto（）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto（）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,“Idemandsatisfaction”（）.

問題1選項

A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication

B.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontact

C.avoideyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers

問題2選項

A.lookatthespeakerallthetime

B.glanceatthespeakerperiodically

C.lookawayfromthespeaker

D.stareatthespeaker

問題3選項

A.Koreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectly

B.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepers

C.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancenters

D.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures

問題4選項

A.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground

B.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancenters

C.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespect

D.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancenters

問題5選項

A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontact

B.oftenledtoafight

C.wasasignofdisrespect

D.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)關鍵詞“AfricanAmericans,fromtheSouth”定位到第二段第二句“ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.”這里的“custom”即上一句提到的“avoideyecontactasasignofrespect.”選項C與原文描述一致。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內容可知，白人在說話時通常會把目光從聽眾身上移開，只是偶爾瞥一眼他們。他們在聽的時候卻恰恰相反，會一直看著說話者。所以選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第五段的第一句“InmulticulturalAmerica...non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.”可知，在美國非韓裔的顧客對韓國店主感到很生氣是因為店主沒有直視他們，所以選項A正確。

4.這里是考查“mad-dogging”的定義。根據(jù)第六段的內容，在年輕一代和跨種族之間，直接的目光接觸現(xiàn)在有了新的含義。當一個青少年直視另一個青少年時，這被認為是一種挑釁，有時也被稱為“mad-dogging”。選項A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文“Muchlikethearchaicphrase'Idemandsatisfaction,'whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.”“Idemandsatisfaction,”成為決斗的序曲。也就是說，會導致爭斗。選項B正確。

6.單選題

問題1選項

A.cereal

B.serial

C.series

D.serious

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。句意:我們正生活在一個很大的化學實驗中，科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)一些嚴重的后果正變得越來越明顯。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Mygrandmotherhasbeengoingtoabetterdentist,sothis（）problemssheishavingwithherdentures.

問題1選項

A.won’teliminate

B.willbeelimination

C.shouldhavebeeneliminated

D.shouldhelpeliminate

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我的祖母一直在看牙醫(yī)，所以這應該有助于解決她的假牙問題。should表示有較大可能實現(xiàn)的推測，且根據(jù)句意可知，這里時態(tài)應該為一般現(xiàn)在時，所以選項D正確。

8.單選題

Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（

）

patriotism.

問題1選項

A.obsolete

B.aggressive

C.harmonious

D.amiable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)關鍵詞“but”可知前后表達的意思應該相反，由此可推斷填空處應該與“goodwill”意思相反，選項B更符合原文語境。

9.單選題

Notuntilthe1980s（）inBeijingstarttofindwaystopreservehistoricbuildingsfromdestruction.

問題1選項

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.someconcerningcitizens

C.didsomeconcerningcitizens

D.didsomeconcernedcitizens

【答案】D

【解析】Notuntil位于句首應使用倒裝。句子表示過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過去時，借助于助動詞did并提前，concerning為介詞，也可以看作動名詞，表示使擔憂，但選項C的表達不符合語法；concerned為形容詞，在這里修飾citizens。所以選項D正確。

10.單選題

Childrenareoften（）sportsatanearlyage.Astheygetolderandstartschooltheyparticipateinsportsasawaybothtomakenewfriendsandbeactive.

問題1選項

A.exposedto

B.spoiledby

C.indulgedin

D.worriedabout

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。exposedto接觸，暴露于;spoiledby被寵壞;indulgedin沉溺于;worriedabout為...…擔心。句意：孩子們經(jīng)常在很小的時候就接觸到運動。隨著他們長大開始上學，參加體育運動以此來結交新朋友變得活躍。只有A選項符合語境。

11.單選題

（）theheavypollution,thecityofficialshavedecidedtocancelschoolfortheday.

問題1選項

A.Prior

B.Bymeansof

C.Dueto

D.Through

【答案】C

【解析】prior在前的，優(yōu)先的；bymeansof依靠；dueto由于；through從頭到尾，徹底。句意：由于污染嚴重，市政官員已決定停課一天。選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

Thelittlegirlisignorant（）thebasicrulesofEnglishgrammar.

問題1選項

A.for

B.of

C.with

D.against

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。ignorantof意為“不知道,不了解”，為固定搭配。選項B正確。

13.單選題

Theannual（）ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.

問題1選項

A.stocking

B.stocktaking

C.stockpiling

D.stockholding

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。stocking長襪；stocktaking盤點存貨；stockpiling貯存，囤積；stockholding持有股票或證券。句意：百貨公司的年度盤點明天開始。選項B符合句意。

14.單選題

Theencouragingfactoristhatthe（

）majorityofpeoplefindtheideaofchangeacceptable.

問題1選項

A.numerous

B.vast

C.most

D.massive

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。thevastmajorityof指“絕大部分，絕大多數(shù)”。選項B正確。

15.單選題

“Twohundredeightmillion,twohundredninemillion,twohundredtenmillion...”ThatisthesoundofsolidwastehittingthebottomofgarbagecansalloverUnitedStatesin1996.Solidwastesarematerialsthatarediscardedorthrownawayafterusebyconsumersandbusinesses.Thisdoesnotincludefluidmaterials.Duringthatyear,Americansthrewaway210milliontons(about43pounds/20kilogramsperpersondaily)ofgarbage.Wethrowaway12.4milliontonsofglassandabout80milliontonsofpaperproducts.Americaalsothrowsawaylargeamounts(intons)offoodscraps,yardwastes,plastics,sludgefromsewagetreatmentplants,andothermaterials.Thatisalmostamountainofgarbage.

Eventhoughwemakeanefforttorecycleandcompostoursolidwaste,theamountofwastekeepsincreasingeachyear.Ourbiggestproblemiswheretoputthesolidwasteandhowtokeepitfrompollutingourenvironment.Ifsolidwasteisdisposedofincorrectly,itcancontaminateoursurfaceandundergroundwatersupplies.Currently,ourmunicipalwasteorwastecollectedbyourcitiesandtowns,goestolandfills.Today,about85%ourgarbagegoestolandfillsorgarbagedumps.Thiswastemustbetreatedtokeeprats,fliesandotheranimalsfrombuildingtheirhomeinthelandfills.Thetreatalsopreventsthegrowthofbacteriaandotherorganismthatcarrydiseases.So,howdowehandlethismountainofgarbage?Scientistshavecomeupwithdifferentmethodsforhandlingourwasteproblem.

OnetypeofwastedisposalcalledsanitarylandfillwasfirstusedinFresnoCalifornia,in1937.Insanitarylandfill,thesolidwasteisspreadinthinlayersthatcompactedandcoveredwithalayerofearth.Thisisamoreexpensivemethod,butittakesawaythehazardsthatarecausedbylandfills.Italsoallowedthelandtobeusedforbuildingorrecreation.Thenegativeofthelandfillsisthatit’stoughtofindopenlandandthisprocessisveryexpensive.Thelandalsoneedsitswatersourcesprotectedsothatthewaterwillnotpollutethewatersupply.Landfill(waterdumps)andsanitarylandfillsrelyonthenaturalbiodegradabilityofthesolidwastes.Solidwastearebiodegradableiftheycandecayorbreakdownthroughtheactionoflivingorganismsandreturntotheearth.Howevercertainmaterialstakelongertodecaythanothers,andsomematerialsdonotdecayordecomposeatall.Scientistsneedtofindothermethodsofwastedisposal.Incinerationandrecyclingaremethodsthatarecurrentlyinusetoday.

1.Thispassageisaboutdisposalproblemofsolidwaste（）.

2.Fromthearticlewecaninferthat（）.

3.Accordingtothearticle,about（）isdumpedtolandfills.

4.Theword“recycle”(Line1,Paragraph2)means（）.

5.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

問題1選項

A.byconsumers

B.inCalifornia

C.bymunicipalgovernment

D.inAmerica

問題2選項

A.treatmentofthesolidisahardnuttocrack

B.solutionforproperdisposalwillbefoundsoon

C.Californiasetagoodexampleinsolidwastein1930s

D.thegovernmentremainsconfidentaboutthesolidwaste

問題3選項

A.12.4milliontonsofgarbage

B.80milliontonsofgarbage

C.85%ofthegarbage

D.92.4tonsofgarbage

問題4選項

A.tosendsomethingfaraway

B.tothrowsomethingawaytotherightplace

C.toconvertwasteintoreusablematerial

D.toturnintofertilizers

問題5選項

A.Solidwastedoesnotincludefluidmaterials.

B.SanitarylandfillisatypeofwastedisposalmethodonceusedinCalifornia.

C.Burningisnotamethodthatisusedtoday.

D.Compostingisstilloneofthewaystohandlethemountainofgarbage

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ThatisthesoundofsolidwastehittingthebottomofgarbagecansalloverUnitedStates.”可知，本文主要講的是全美國的固體垃圾處理問題，所以選項D正確。

2.信息歸納題。根據(jù)原文可知，盡管我們一直在為處理固體垃圾不斷努力，但每年廢棄物的數(shù)量都在不斷增加，由此可知，這是一個棘手的難題，選項A正確；焚燒和回收是目前正在使用的方法，科學家需要找到其他廢物處理方法，由此可知這是一個漫長的過程，所以選項B不正確；根據(jù)最后一段，加州雖然首次使用了衛(wèi)生填埋的方法，但存在很多弊端，所以選項C不正確；選項D在文中沒有提及。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“Today,about85%ourgarbagegoestolandfillsorgarbagedumps.”大約85%的垃圾進入了垃圾填埋場或垃圾場。選項C符合原文。

4.詞義推斷題?！皉ecycle”指循環(huán)利用。選項C將廢物轉化為可重復使用的材料，正確。

5.是非判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisdoesnotincludefluidmaterials.”可知選項A正確；根據(jù)第三段第一句“OnetypeofwastedisposalcalledsanitarylandfillwasfirstusedinFresnoCalifornia.”可知選項B正確;根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Incinerationandrecyclingaremethodsthatarecurrentlyinusetoday.”可知選項C錯誤；根據(jù)第二段第一句“Eventhoughwemakeanefforttorecycleandcompostoursolidwaste”可知選項D正確。所以本題選C。

16.單選題

AdamSmith,writinginthe1770s,wasthefirstpersontoseetheimportanceofthedivisionoflaborandtoexplainpartofitsadvantages.HegivesasanexampletheprocessbywhichpinsweremadeinEngland.

“Onemandrawsoutthewire;anotherstrengthensit;athirdcutsit;afourthpointsit;afifthgrindsitatthetoptoprepareittoreceivethehead.Tomaketheheadrequirestwoorthreeoperations.Toputitonisaseparateoperation,topolishthepinsisanother.Andtheimportantbusinessofmakingpinsis,inthismanner,dividedintoabouteighteenoperations,whichinsomefactoriesareallperformedbydifferentpeople,thoughinothersthesamemanwillsometimesperformtwoorthreeofthem.”

Tenmen,Smithsaid,inthisway,turnedouttwelvepoundsofpinsadayorabout4,800pinsperworker.Butifallofthemhadworkedseparatelyandindependentlywithoutdivisionoflabor,noneofthemcouldhavemadetwentypinsinadayandperhapsnotevenone.

Therecanbenodoubtthatdivisionoflaborisanefficientwayoforganizingwork.Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopmentandthatitaccountsforthedifferencebetweenexpandingeconomiesandthosethatstandstill.Butdivisionoflaboraddsnothingnew;itonlyenablespeopletoproducemoreofwhattheyalreadyhave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,AdamSmithwasthefirstpersonto（）.

2.AdamSmithsawthatthedivisionoflabor（）.

3.AdamSmithmentionedthenumber4,800inorderto（）.

4.Accordingtothewriter,AdamSmith’smistakewasinbelievingthatdivisionoflabor（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldserveasanappropriatetitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.takeadvantageofthedivisionoflabor

B.introducethedivisionoflaborintoEngland

C.understandtheeffectsofthedivisionoflabor

D.explainthecausesofthedivisionoflabor

問題2選項

A.enabledeachworkertomakepinsmorequicklyandmorecheaply

B.increasedthepossibleoutputperworker

C.increasedthenumberofpeopleemployedinfactories

D.improvedthequalityofpinsproduced

問題3選項

A.showtheadvantagesofthedivisionoflabor

B.showtheadvantagesoftheoldcraftsystem

C.emphasizehowpowerfultheindividualworkerwas

D.emphasizetheimportanceofincreasedproduction

問題4選項

A.wasanefficientwayoforganizingwork

B.wasanimportantdevelopmentinmethodsofproduction

C.certainlyledtoeconomicdevelopment

D.increasedtheproductionofexistinggoods

問題5選項

A.AdamSmith,theEnglishEconomist

B.TheTheoryofDivisionofLabor

C.DivisionofLabor,anEfficientWayofOrganizingWork

D.AdamSmith,theLastDiscovererofDivisionofLabor

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，AdamSmith是第一個認識到勞動分工的重要性并解釋其部分優(yōu)勢的人。選項C符合原文。

2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.”可知，勞動分工增加了每個工人盡可能多的產(chǎn)量，所以選項B正確。

3.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內容可知，如果沒有進行分工，沒有工人能在一天內完成二十枚別針，甚至連一枚都做不成，而通過分工合作，相當于每個工人生產(chǎn)4800枚別針，作者是想通過這一數(shù)字來說明分工的優(yōu)勢。選項A正確。

4.細節(jié)推斷題。最后一段第三句“AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopment...”但他也理所當然地認為，勞動分工本質上對經(jīng)濟增長和發(fā)展負責。選項C符合原文。

5.主旨題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要講的是勞動分工，重點不是在于AdamSmith也不是講述理論，所以選項C最能概括全文。

17.單選題

Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasad（）whenshewasillandhadnomoney.

問題1選項

A.plight

B.polarization

C.plague

D.pigment

【答案】A

【解析】plight困境；polarization兩極分化；plague瘟疫，災禍；pigment顏料，色素。inasadplight指處于困境。選項A符合句意。

18.單選題

Toensureitssustainedprogressineconomy,thegovernmenthas（）aseriesofpolicies.

問題1選項

A.reserved

B.issued

C.delivered

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：為確保經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府出臺了一系列政策。選項B符合句意。

19.單選題

Thirty-onemillionAmericanareover60yearsofage,andtwenty-ninemillionofthemarehealthy,busy,productivecitizens.Bytheyear2030,oneineveryfivepeopleintheUnitedStateswillbeover60.Elderlypeoplearemembersofthefastest-growingminorityinthiscountry.Manycallthisthe“grayingofAmerica”.

In1973,agroupcalledthe“GrayPanthers”wasorganized.Thisgroupismadeupofyoungandoldcitizens.TheyaretryingtodealwiththespecialproblemsofgrowingoldinAmerica.TheGrayPanthersknowthatmanyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.Somehavefinancialproblems;pricesaregoingupsofastthattheelderlycan’taffordthefood,clothing,andhousingtheyneed.Someoldpeopleareafraidandhavesafetyproblems.Othershaveemotionalproblems.Manyelderlyarelonelybecauseofthedeathofahusbandorawife.TheGrayPanthersknowanotherfact,too.Elderlypeoplewanttobeasindependentaspossible.So,theGrayPanthersarelookingforwaystosolvethespecialproblemsoftheelderly.

ThepresidentoftheGrayPanthersisMaggieKuhn,anactivewomaninherlate70s.ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.ShesaysthatAmericansdonotencourageelderstolivewithyoungerpeople.AsfarasMaggieKuhnisconcerned,onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.

MaggieKuhnknowsthateldersneededucation,too.ShespendslotsoftimetalkingtogroupsofolderAmericans.Sheencouragesthemtocontinuetoliveintheirownhousesifitispossible.Shealsotellsthemthatitisimportanttolivewithyoungerpeopleandtohavechildrenaroundthem.Thishelpselderstostayyoungatheart.

1.Whathealthproblemsdomanyelderlyhave?

2.Nursinghomes（）.

3.MaggieKuhntravelsacrosstheUnitedStatesinorderto（）elders.

4.OneoftheproblemsMaggieKuhntalksaboutis（）.

5.MaggieKuhnencourageseldersto（）.

問題1選項

A.Theyfeellonely.

B.Theyaresufferingfromcancer.

C.Theycannotwalkorseeorhearwell.

D.Theyhavegotheartproblems.

問題2選項

A.aregoodforelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcare

B.helpkeepeldersyoung

C.aresetupfortrainingnurses

D.areplaceswheresmallchildrenaretakencareof

問題3選項

A.collectmoneyfor

B.showconcernsfor

C.findhousesfor

D.educatepeopletohelp

問題4選項

A.whyeldersshouldbetakencareof

B.whereandhowelderslive

C.whoneedsmedicalcare

D.howtoimproveeducationintheUSA

問題5選項

A.liveinnursinghomes

B.travelmore

C.livewithyoungerpeople

D.dosomehousework

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“manyelderlypeoplehavehealthproblems:somecannotwalkwell,otherscannotseeorhearwell.”選項C與原文表述一致，正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“Nursinghomes”定位到第三段最后一句“onlyelderswhoneedconstantmedicalcareshouldbeinnursinghomes.”只有需要不斷的醫(yī)療護理的老年人才應該住進養(yǎng)老院。也就是說，養(yǎng)老院對需要持續(xù)醫(yī)療護理的老年人有益。選項A符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“ShetravelsacrosstheUnitedStates,educatingbothyoungandoldabouttheconcernsofelders.”她走遍美國，教育年輕人和老年人關注老年人的問題。選項D正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Oneoftheproblemsshetalksaboutiswhereandhowelderslive.”選項B與原文表述一致，正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段的三四句，MaggieKuhn鼓勵老人繼續(xù)住在自己的房子里，和年輕人生活在一起，有孩子在身邊是很重要的。選項C符合原文。

20.單選題

Johnplayedbasketballincollegeand（）activeeversince.

問題1選項

A.haveextremelybeen

B.hasbeenextremely

C.willbeextremely

D.shouldextremelybe

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)"eversince"可知本句應用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示過去的影響一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。所以選項B正確。

21.翻譯題

美國財政部長亨利?保爾森昨天以上海為終點結束了他對亞洲三國的訪問。作為美國總統(tǒng)的首席經(jīng)濟政策顧問和最主要的經(jīng)濟事務發(fā)言人，保爾森昨天上午在上海期貨交易所所發(fā)表的主題講演被認為是布什政府對華經(jīng)濟政策的最新闡述。在昨天的講演中，保爾森多次強調中國的經(jīng)濟增長不僅不具有威脅性，而且對全球經(jīng)濟的增長有好處。他表示，美國歡迎中國發(fā)展并成為全球經(jīng)濟中的一員。

【答案】HenryPaulson,TreasurySecretary,leftShanghaiyesterday,wherehemadeanendofthevisittothethreecountriesinAsia.AsthechiefeconomicpolicyconsultantandeconomicaffairsspokesmanoftheAmericapresident,PaulsondeliveredakeynoteaddressinShanghaiFuturesExchange.AndtheaddresswasviewedasthelatestexpositionoftheeconomicpoliciesoftheBush-administrationtowardsChina.Duringthespeech,PaulsonrepeatedlyemphasizedthatChina’seconomicgrowthhasbenefitbutnothreattotheglobaleconomicgrowth.HedeclaredthatAmericawelcomesthedevelopmentofChinatobecomeamemberoftheglobaleconomy.

【解析】

22.單選題

Thenovelcontainssomemarvelouslyrevealing（）ofrurallifeinthe19thcentury.

問題1選項

A.glances

B.glimpses

C.glares

D.gleams

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。glance掃視，強調動作的快速性；glimpse一瞥，粗略地一看，強調快速但不完整的“一瞥”；glare怒視，強調目不轉睛地“注視”；gleam閃光，瞬息的一現(xiàn)，還可指情感流露。根據(jù)句意可知，選項B更符合語境。

23.單選題

Whentheairinacertainspaceissqueezedtooccupyasmallerspace,theairissaidtobe（）.

問題1選項

A.commenced

B.compressed

C.compromised

D.compensated

【答案】B

【解析】commenced開始；compressed壓縮；compromised妥協(xié)；compensated補償。句意：當某一空間的空氣被擠壓以占據(jù)更小的空間時，我們說空氣被壓縮了。選項B符合句意。

24.單選題

Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman（）theexitasquicklyaspossible.

問題1選項

A.madefor

B.madeout

C.madeupto

D.madeway

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。makefor走向，有快速移動的意思；makeout理解，辨認出；makeupto接近，奉承；makeway讓路，前進。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指快速朝出口走去。選項A符合句意。

25.單選題

Likemanyotheraspectsofthecomputerage,Yahoobeganasanidea,（1）intoahobbyandlatelyhas（2）intoafull-timepassion.ThetwodevelopersofYahoo,DavidFiloandJerryYang,Ph.Dcandidates（3）ElectricalEngineeringatStanfordUniversity,startedtheirguideinApril1994asawaytokeep（4）oftheirpersonalinterestontheInternet.Beforelongthey（5）thattheirhomebrewedlistswerebecomingtoolongand（6）.GraduallytheybegantospendmoreandmoretimeonYahoo.

During1994,they（7）Yahoointoacustomizeddatabasedesignedto（8）theneedsofthethousandsofusers（9）begantousetheservicethroughtheclosely（10）Internetcommunity.Theydevelopedcustomizedsoftwaretohelpthem（11）locate,identifyandeditmaterial（12）ontheInternet.ThenameYahoois（13）tostandfor“YetAnotherHierarchicalOfficiousOrale”,butFiloandYanginsisttheyselectedthe（14）becausetheyconsideredthemselvesYahoos.Yahooitselffirst（15）onYang’sworkstation,“akebono”,whilethesearchenginewas（16）onFilo’scomputer,“Konishiki".

Inearly1995MarcAndersen,co-founderofNetscapeCommunicationinMountainView,California,invitedFiloandYangtomovetheirfiles（17）tolargercomputers（18）atNetscape.AsaresultStanford’scomputernetworkreturnedto（19）,andbothpartiesbenefited.Today,Yahoo（20）organizedinformationontensofthousandsofcomputerslinkedtotheweb.

問題1選項

A.became

B.grew

C.turn

D.intend

問題2選項

A.made

B.saw

C.looked

D.turned

問題3選項

A.in

B.on

C.about

D.for

問題4選項

A.touch

B.contact

C.track

D.record

問題5選項

A.founded

B.found

C.argued

D.reported

問題6選項

A.unwieldy

B.tough

C.tamable

D.invaluable

問題7選項

A.exchanged

B.shank

C.sold

D.converted

問題8選項

A.explain

B.serve

C.discover

D.evaluate

問題9選項

A.which

B.that

C.actually

D.eagerly

問題10選項

A.relative

B.interactive

C.bound

D.contacted

問題11選項

A.fluently

B.efficiently

C.exactly

D.actually

問題12選項

A.transmitted

B.purchased

C.sold

D.stored

問題13選項

A.about

B.bound

C.going

D.supposed

問題14選項

A.fable

B.model

C.name

D.brand

問題15選項

A.supported

B.resided

C.lived

D.launched

問題16選項

A.connected

B.lodged

C.introduced

D.linked

問題17選項

A.over

B.away

C.inside

D.beneath

問題18選項

A.housed

B.caught

C.hosed

D.hidden

問題19選項

A.average

B.normal

C.ordinary

D.equal

問題20選項

A.attains

B.detains

C.maintains

D.contains

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】1.固定搭配。選項A和D不符合語法結構；grewinto強調發(fā)展的結果，turninto強調前后兩種情況的對比。這里指主意發(fā)展成為愛好，所以選項B正確。

2.固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是轉變成另一種情況，前后形成對比，所以用turn,選項D正確。

3.介詞用法。表示“在……領域”，用介詞in。選項A正確。

4.固定搭配。keeptrackof意為“記錄，與......保持聯(lián)系”，為固定搭配。選項A后面一般接介詞in；選項B后面一般接介詞with；keeprecord指保留記錄，不符合句意。所以本題選C。

5.上下文語義。根據(jù)句意：沒過多久，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的自制清單變得越來越長。選項B符合句意。

6.形容詞詞義辨析。unwieldy指笨拙的，不實用的，難處理的。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是指清單太長以至于很難處理，所以選項A更符合語境。

7.固定搭配。o為常用搭配，意為“將……轉換成……”。選項D符合句意。

8.動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指滿足客戶的需求，與后面的service相呼應，所以選項B更恰當。

9.定語從句。根據(jù)句意可知，that在這里引導定語從句，修飾users，所以選項B正確。

10.上下文語義。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是“聯(lián)系緊密”的意思，所以填入選項C更符合語境。

11.副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里修飾的不僅僅是locate，還有identify和edit，所以填入選項B（有效的）更符合語境。

12.上下文語義。這里指編輯存儲在電腦里面的資料，所以選項D符合句意。

13.固定搭配。besupposedto意為“被認為，被要求”,為固定搭配。選項D符合句意。

14.上下文語義。根據(jù)上一句可知，這里應填入上句提到的name，選項C符合句意。

15.上下文語義。句意：雅虎最初是在JerryYang的工作站上成立的。選項A后面一般接by，表示由......支持；選項C不符合句意；選項D的主語是人，表示開始，著手做某事。resideon表示位于，選項B符合句意。

16.固定搭配。belodgedon為固定搭配，意為“安置”。這里指搜索引擎在Filo的電腦里面，選項B符合句意。選項A和D后面一般接介詞to；選項C不符合句意，所以本題選B。

17.固定搭配。moveover表示將某物轉移至另一個地方。這里指邀請FiloandYang將他們的文件轉移到更大的電腦上，選項A符合句意。

18.固定搭配。housedat表示“定居于，固定于某地”。這里指固定于美國網(wǎng)景公司的電腦。選項A符合句意。

19.形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯坦福大學的計算機網(wǎng)絡恢復正常。選項B符合語境。

20.動詞詞義辨析和上下文語義。句意：現(xiàn)在雅虎涵蓋了數(shù)以萬計連接到網(wǎng)絡的計算機上的有組織的信息。選項D符合原文句意。

26.單選題

Inmanycountriestobaccoandmedicinearegovernment（）.

問題1選項

A.control

B.monopoly

C.business

D.belongings

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指政府壟斷，選項B符合語境。

27.單選題

BritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairpromisedtheelectoratethatgunswouldnotbefiredwithoutanattempttowinafurtherU.N.sanction.

問題1選項

A.allies

B.delegates

C.voters

D.juries

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。electorate的前綴為elect-（選-），可以推測出electorate意為“選民”，所以選項C正確。

28.單選題

Theincreaseinstudentnumbers（）manyproblemsfortheuniversities.

問題1選項

A.forces

B.presses

C.provides

D.poses

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。force強迫，迫使；press逼迫；provide提供；pose造成，形成。句意：學生人數(shù)的增加給大學造成了許多問題。選項D符合句意。

29.單選題

Theinstructionsonhow