2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國傳媒大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號53

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國傳媒大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.Vastflatsofgreengrass,dull-huedspacesofmesquiteandcactus,littlegroupsofframehouses,woodsoflightandtendertrees,allweresweepingintotheeast,sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman’sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy.“Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?”heasked,smilingwithdelight.

“No.”sheanswered;“Ineverwas.It’sfine,isn’tit?”

“Great!Andthenafterawhilewe’llgoforwardtothedinnerandgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar.”

“Oh,dothey?”criedthebride.“Chargeadollar?Why,that’stoomuch—forus—aren’tit,Jack?”

“Northistrip,anyhow,”heansweredbravely.“We’regoingtogothewholething.”

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains.“Yousee,it’sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman’sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.Historicallytherewassupposedtobesomethinginfinitelyhumorousintheirsituation.

“WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42.”hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

“Oh,arewe?”shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit:Toevince（表現(xiàn)出）surpriseatherhusband’sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband’sfaceshone.

“IboughtitinSanAntonfromafriendofmine,”hetoldhergleefully.

“It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,”shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry（調(diào)情；賣俏）.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.Thepatronage,entwinedwiththeordinarydeference,wasnotplaintothem.Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

1.Thedescriptionofthecouple’sclothesandbehavioratthebeginningofthepassageseemstoindicatethattheyhadasenseof（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdepictstheinteriorofthecoach?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeofotherpeopleonthetraintowardsthecouple?

4.Whichofthefollowingcontainsametaphor?

5.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatinthedining-car（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.secrecy

B.elation

C.superiority

D.awkwardness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Modern.

B.Luxurious.

C.Practical.

D.Complex.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyregardedthecoupleasanobjectoffun.

B.Theyexpressedindifferencetowardsthecouple.

C.Theywereverycuriousaboutthecouple.

D.Theyshowedfriendlinesstowardsthecouple.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A....likeamanwaitinginabarber’sshop

B....hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence

C....sweepingoverthehorizon,aprecipice

D....asdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thewaitersweresnobbish

B.thecouplefeltillatease

C.theservicewassatisfactory

D.thecoupleenjoyedtheirdinner

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文前半部分分別對這對黑人夫婦的描述“他坐在那里像一個在理發(fā)店等待的人。他向其他乘客投去的目光是偷偷摸摸的、害羞的。.......他們使她很尷尬。......當(dāng)她上車時，有些乘客漫不經(jīng)心地打量著她，這讓她羞紅了臉。這副相貌平平的下層階級的臉蛋，原本線條簡單，幾乎沒有什么表情，使得臉上的紅暈很奇怪。”通過這些信息我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這對夫婦很不自然，所以作者描寫他們的著裝和行為是為了體現(xiàn)出他們的尷尬，笨拙。所以選項(xiàng)D“awkwardness”正確。secrecy“秘密”；elation“興高采烈，得意洋洋”；superiority“優(yōu)越”，其他選項(xiàng)均不正確。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。原文第九自然段提到了火車內(nèi)部的裝飾，“thedazzlingfittings令人眼花繚亂的設(shè)施”，“thesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.海綠色的天鵝絨、閃閃發(fā)光的黃銅、銀和玻璃，以及像油池表面一樣閃閃發(fā)光的木頭”，這些信息都表明，火車內(nèi)部的裝飾非常奢華。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第十自然段“...anumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.許多旅客用嘲弄的眼光望著他們?！庇纱丝芍?，火車上其他人對這對夫婦的態(tài)度是把他們當(dāng)做一個笑柄，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。metaphor指的是隱喻，暗喻。首先需要明確暗喻和明喻的區(qū)別，它們都有本體和喻體，但比喻詞有差別。明喻一般用like,as,seem,asif,asthough,similarto,suchas等比喻詞；暗喻一般不用這些比喻詞，直接將某一事物的名稱用于另一事物，通過比較形成。選項(xiàng)A和D可首先排除，因?yàn)樗鼈儗儆诿饔?。選項(xiàng)B不是比喻句，所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確，將地平線比作懸崖。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一個自然段，這對夫婦在餐車區(qū)遇到了一位服務(wù)員，服務(wù)員因?yàn)榉浅８吲d所以對他們很友好，但除了這位服務(wù)員之外，還有其他的服務(wù)員，在第二句的時候就提及“兩排穿著閃閃發(fā)光的白色西裝的黑人侍者，帶著事先得到警告的人的興趣和鎮(zhèn)定，盯著入口的地方?！币约白詈笠痪洹爱?dāng)他們回到自己車廂時，臉上流露出一種逃離的慶幸?！庇纱丝芍?，這對夫婦感到非常的不自在，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.單選題

Childrenare（）tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obvious

B.bound

C.indispensable

D.doubtless

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的；顯著的；平淡無奇的”；B選項(xiàng)bound“受約束的；被……限制的”；C選項(xiàng)indispensable“不可缺少的；絕對必要的”；D選項(xiàng)doubtless“無疑的”。句意：孩子們在成長過程中……會發(fā)生一些意外。本題還需要注意的是搭配，beboundto表示“必然”符合本句句意。

3.單選題

BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：我們可以從第一段中得知什么？針對愛迪生的言論，后文提到“we

allmakemistakes（當(dāng)然，人都會犯錯）”，由此可判斷作者通過這樣的表述暗指愛迪生的言論錯誤。因此B項(xiàng)“愛迪生的預(yù)言被證明是錯誤的”表述正確，而其余三項(xiàng)均不能由原文第一段得出，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy沒有做下列哪件事？根據(jù)原文第三段可知，這兩位研究人員“comparethetestscoresfor...（對比了學(xué)生的考試成績）和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...（詢問教師如何使用各種教學(xué)材料）”，由此可判斷A選項(xiàng)與B選項(xiàng)表述正確。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知，他們還提供了可能的解釋。因此，A、B和D項(xiàng)都是這兩位研究員所做的事情，而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知，C項(xiàng)launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所為，并非這兩位科學(xué)家，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：根據(jù)以色列計劃中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述，學(xué)生分?jǐn)?shù)在測試中沒有進(jìn)步的原因是什么？根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第四段和第五段，分析這兩段內(nèi)容可知，兩位研究人員提出了電腦沒有提高學(xué)生成績的三種最可能的解釋。而在描述前兩種解釋時，都舉出了不成立的理由，因此可判斷A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)錯誤，C選項(xiàng)“使用電腦與考試成績之間一直存在著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系”只是一種現(xiàn)象，不是學(xué)生沒有進(jìn)步的原因。作者在闡述第三種解釋時并未指出其不合理，說明這種解釋有一定的可靠性。這種解釋認(rèn)為：學(xué)生成績沒有進(jìn)步可能是因?yàn)樵诮虒W(xué)中使用電腦并不比其他教學(xué)方法更好（也許還更糟）”。由此可判斷D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：由文章最后一段可以推斷出什么？作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”，所以要說明使用電腦有助于課堂教學(xué)這一說法得需要課堂電腦的推廣者來證明。而根據(jù)“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知，要證明他們的觀點(diǎn)，唯一可靠的方法當(dāng)然是進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)適當(dāng)?shù)难芯?，把孩子隨機(jī)分配給使用電腦的老師和使用其他方法的老師。因此，作者對以前的研究方法提出了質(zhì)疑，A選項(xiàng)“在這個問題上還沒有一個適當(dāng)?shù)难芯俊北硎稣_。B選項(xiàng)表示“學(xué)校當(dāng)局應(yīng)該提供證據(jù)來支持電腦程序”，C選項(xiàng)表示“在學(xué)校里安裝電腦花費(fèi)太多，但收效甚微”，D選項(xiàng)表示“在教學(xué)中，粉筆和談話比電腦更有效”，均不可由最后一段內(nèi)容得出。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干詢問：作者對政府在學(xué)校安裝電腦似乎是什么樣的態(tài)度？在四個選項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)biased表示“片面的；有偏見的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent表示“冷淡的；漠不關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)disapproving表示“反對的；不贊成的”；D選項(xiàng)puzzling表示“費(fèi)解的；令人困惑的”。前文作者講到至少愛迪生沒有浪費(fèi)公共資金，暗示了在學(xué)校安裝電腦取代教科書的使用是浪費(fèi)公共資金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人員的觀點(diǎn)，說明在學(xué)校安裝電腦成本明確但收效甚微，并提出應(yīng)該采用適當(dāng)?shù)难芯糠椒▉韺Ρ日嬲贸鍪欠裼斜匾趯W(xué)校安裝電腦來取代課本。因此，作者對在學(xué)校安裝電腦這件事更偏向于持有否定的態(tài)度，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk（）far.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。本句中的that就相當(dāng)于so,意為“如此”,修飾副詞far。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。such后面要接名詞或者名詞短語。as的語義不符。

5.單選題

Theterm“folkcustom"isverybroad,butithasbeenusedbyfolkloriststorefertothosesharedpatternsofbehaviorsinaparticularfolkgroup.Thesepatternsofbehaviorsareregardedastraditionalandestablishedwaysofmembersoftheparticularfolkgroup.Folkcustomistotransmitbywordofmouthdemonstrationorimitation.ThefolkloreandfolkcustomsofEnglandarerichandvaried.Manycustomsareancient,passeddown,generationtogenerationfromtheGermanicandCelticancestors.Othersaremoremoderncreations.

Oneofthegreatestproblemsinassessingmostaccountsoffolkcustomsisthattheytendtogiveonlytheantiquary’s(古董商的，收集古物者的)pointofview.Afterall,tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved.Whyquestionthematlengthiftheydidn’tunderstandtheessentialnatureofwhattheyweredoing?Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas,whilepossiblyignoringorgivingonlypassingmentiontoaspectswhichmay,infact,beofequalimportance.

Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves:forinstancewhytheyindulgeinaparticularactivityataparticulartimeofyearoroftheirlivesandwhatfeelingstheyexperiencewhiledoingso.Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesaresowidespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirrorwhomustbeaware,tofullyunderstandthatscene,thathisownreflectionisamajorpartofwhatheislookingat.

Itis,however,alsotruetosaythatmanycontemporarystudentstofolklorearefullyawareoftheproblemswhichbesettheirenquiries.Liketruescientiststheydrawtheirconclusionbylookingatavailableevidence,ratherthanselectingevidencewhichfitswithexistingtheories.Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe“obviously’’ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncitiesindustryandsportetc.Theymay,forexampleenduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganismneverthelesshavemuchincommonwitholderactivitieswhichdo.

Manyfolkloristshavegraduallycometotheconclusionthatfolkloreisnotnecessarilyathingofthepast,arelicofancientandoutmodedwaysofthinking,butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworldortoconfrontitslackofsenseandtrytoalleviate(減少，緩和)boredomandsuffering.

1.Whyareearlyaccountsoffolkcustomsunreliable?

2.Whyisitdifficulttostudyfolkloretoday?

3.Whatisnewaboutfolkloriststoday?

4.Whatdoesparticipationinfolkcustomsmeantopeople?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageprobablyis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheparticipantsdidnotrevealthesignificanceoftheircustoms

B.Becausetheparticipantswerenotawareofthemeaningoftheircustoms

C.Becausefolkloristsundervaluedtheopinionsoftheparticipants

D.Becausefolkloristsdidn’tconsidertheparticipantssmartenoughtoanswerthequestions.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseparticipantsarenowinfluencedbyearlierstudiesoftheiractivities

B.Becauseparticipantsinsistontheaccuracyoftheirowninterpretations

C.Becausefolkloristsaretooconcernedtojustifytheirowntheories

D.Becausefolkloristsareoftenmisledbyunreliableearlierstudies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theynowmorecautiousabouttheevidencetheyaccept

B.Theywanttoinvestigatethemoreobscureareasoffolklore

C.Theyarestudyingthecreationoffolkloreinpresent-daysociety

D.Theywanttodiscoverthelinkbetweenpaganismandsocialcustoms

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanbeofpsychologicalbenefittothem

B.Itenablesthemtoescapetheproblemsofthemodernworld

C.Itcanbeameansofregainingancientwisdom

D.Itisanattempttoreconstructwhatislostforever

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.FolkloreandFolkCustoms

B.ProblemsandTendencyofFolkCustoms

C.TheRevivalofFolkCustoms

D.FolkloreandFolklorists

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息可定位到原文第二段，由第二段可知，評判這些民俗信息時，最大的問題就是只給出了文物研究者的觀點(diǎn)。畢竟，對于民俗研究者而言，他們所研究的群體單純又沒有文化，沒有意識到自己保留的這些民俗文化的意義。后面又講到，民俗研究者很可能依靠自己或者先入為主的觀點(diǎn)側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)傳統(tǒng)的某些方面，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生錯誤的判斷因此，C選項(xiàng)表述正確，觀察者低估了參與者的意見。A選項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)閰⑴c者沒有透露他們習(xí)俗的重要性”表述錯誤；B選項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)閰⑴c者沒有意識到他們習(xí)俗的重要性”表述錯誤，只是研究者自己這樣認(rèn)為而已；D選項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)槊袼讓W(xué)家認(rèn)為參與者不夠聰明，無法回答問題”，與原文表述不符，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：如今民俗研究比較困難的原因是什么？根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第三段“Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesaresowidespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.”，由此可知，而如今，從民俗學(xué)研究中衍生出來的想法非常普遍，它們很容易就會成為習(xí)俗參與者態(tài)度中不可或缺的一部分?！彼?，A選項(xiàng)表述正確，原因就是參與者很容易被之前對他們行為的研究所影響。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：當(dāng)今民俗學(xué)研究者的新體現(xiàn)在哪里？由原文第四段“Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe“obviously"ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncitiesindustryandsportetc.”可知，許多當(dāng)代民俗學(xué)學(xué)生充分意識到困擾他們的問題。他們通過觀察現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)來得出結(jié)論，而不是選擇符合現(xiàn)有理論的證據(jù)。一些人也將目光從“明顯的”古代轉(zhuǎn)向了民俗的繁盛之處，比如在現(xiàn)代都市生活、工業(yè)以及體育等。由此可知，如今的民俗研究已經(jīng)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，民俗研究者開始在現(xiàn)代社會中研究民俗，因此C選項(xiàng)表述正確。故本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：參與民俗對人們意味著什么？由文章最后一段可知，民俗研究不再只是研究過去的事，不再是指古代遺物或者是過時的思維方式，而是人們想要理解世界或者面對某種觀念缺失的方式，也是人們試圖緩解無聊和痛苦的途徑。由此可知，進(jìn)行民俗研究可以為人們的心理帶來益處，所以A選項(xiàng)正確，而其余三項(xiàng)均與原文表述不符。因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

第5題:5.主旨大意題。本文前半部分主要講述了以往民俗研究中遇到的問題，由于民俗研究者認(rèn)為參與者頭腦簡單，又沒什么文化，所以低估了民俗參與者的意見，這就導(dǎo)致研究者可能強(qiáng)調(diào)的只是某些方面，而忽視了重要的內(nèi)容?，F(xiàn)在，民俗研究發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，不再只是研究過去的事物，也開始關(guān)注現(xiàn)代城市生活中的民俗，因此民俗研究的趨勢也發(fā)生了變化。由此可知，本文主要講述的是民俗研究的問題和趨勢。故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Thewind（）thelightoftheoillamp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swayed

B.vibrated

C.shook

D.flickered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sway“影響；統(tǒng)治”；B選項(xiàng)vibrate“振動；顫動”；C選項(xiàng)shake“動搖；搖動”；D選項(xiàng)flicker“閃爍，搖曳”。句意：風(fēng)使油燈的燈光閃爍。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rid“得到解脫的”；B選項(xiàng)ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)soup“使振作;打扮”；D選項(xiàng)dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光線太昏暗我沒法看書。我再也受不了了。根據(jù)后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合題意。

8.單選題

Lawyersemergedfrom（）intheeighteencenturytobecomekeymembersofthecommercialcolonies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prominence

B.obscurity

C.significance

D.originality

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。prominence“突出，顯著”；obscurity“朦朧，晦澀，身份低微”；significance“意義，重要性”；originality“創(chuàng)意，創(chuàng)造力”。句意：18世紀(jì)，律師從默默無聞一躍成為商業(yè)殖民地的重要成員。此處需要注意題干中的“from...to...”，說明有轉(zhuǎn)變，to后面是“重要成員”，而能體現(xiàn)這一轉(zhuǎn)變的選項(xiàng)為Bobscurity。

9.單選題

Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis（）toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impression

B.reaction

C.comprehension

D.sentiment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。B選項(xiàng)reaction“反應(yīng)”。A選項(xiàng)impression“印象，感想”。C選項(xiàng)comprehension“理解，包含”。D選項(xiàng)sentiment“感情，情緒”。句意：有時，學(xué)生可能被要求寫自己對與研究課題相關(guān)的某本書或某篇文章的看法。impression和comprehension通常與of連用，reactiontosth..表示“（對情況、行動、影響等做出的）反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confesses

B.declares

C.claims

D.confirms

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)confess表示“坦白；承認(rèn)；供認(rèn)”，B選項(xiàng)declare表示“宣布，申明，宣稱”，D選項(xiàng)confirm表示“確認(rèn)，確定，核實(shí)”，C選項(xiàng)claim表示“宣稱，要求，索賠”。由句意可知，新同事宣稱，他進(jìn)入我們公司之前，在一些大公司里工作過。空缺處單詞需與介詞to構(gòu)成搭配，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Thereisno（）whateverforthemannerinwhichyoubehavedfoolishlyattheEnglishparty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jurisdiction

B.justification

C.judgment

D.junction

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)jurisdiction“司法權(quán)，審判權(quán)，管轄權(quán)；權(quán)限”；B選項(xiàng)justification“理由；辯護(hù)；認(rèn)為有理”；C選項(xiàng)judgment“判斷；裁判；判決書”；D選項(xiàng)junction“連接；交叉點(diǎn)；接合點(diǎn)”。句意：你在英語晚會上的愚蠢行為根本就沒有……。此處表示“愚蠢行為”是無理的，B選項(xiàng)符合句意要求。

12.單選題

Thecriminalhadplannedtoescapefromtheprison,buthisattemptprovedtobean（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abortion

B.accident

C.adventure

D.alarm

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。abortion"流產(chǎn)，計劃（失?。?accident“事故，意外”;adventure“冒險”；alarm“警報”。前面提到罪犯試圖越獄，后面轉(zhuǎn)折詞but表明他沒有成功，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：這個罪犯試圖越獄，但是他的計劃沒有成功。

13.單選題

WhenGinaGarroandBrianDupliseaadopted4-month-oldAndresfromColombialastmonth,theyweredeterminedtotaketimeofffromworktocareforhim.Sixyearsago,aftertheirdaughter,Melina,wasborn,thefamilyscrapedbyonDuplisea’s$36,000salaryasaconstructionworkersoGarro,aspecial-educationteacher,couldstayhome.Now,sinceGarro’sjobfurnishesthefamilyhealthinsurance,she’llheadbacktoworkthisfallwhileDupliseajugglesdiapersandbabybottles.Hisbossagreedtothetimeoff-buthewillhavetoforgohis$18-an-hourpay.Itwon’tbeeasy.ThoughGarro’s$40,000salarywillcovertheirmortgages,thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar.“Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity,”saysGarro.“Thingswillbetight.”

The1993FamilyandMedicalLeaveActwassupposedtohelpfamilieslikeGarro’s,offeringasafetynettoemployeeswhowanttotaketimeofftonurturenewborns,tendtotheirownmajorillnessesorcareforsickrelatives.Butwhilethelawguaranteesthatworkerswon’tlosttheirjobs,itdoesn’tcovertheirpaychecks.Onesurveylastyearshowedthatwhile24millionAmericanshadtakenleavessince1999,2.7millionmorewantedtobutcouldn'taffordit.Thatmaychangesoon.Inresponsetoincreasingdemandsfromvotersatleast25statesarenowexploringnewwaystoofferpaidleave.Onepossibility:tappingstatedisabilityfundsAhandfulofstates-NewYork,NewJersey,California,RhodeIslandandHawaii—alreadydipintodisabilitymoneytoofferpartialpayforwomenonmaternityleave.Butthatdoesn’thelpdadsorpeoplecaringforelderlyparents.NewJerseyandNewYorkmaysoonexpanddisabilityprogramstocoverleaveforfathersandothercaretakers.Thirteenstates,includingArizona,IllinoisandFlorida,haveproposedusingunemploymentfundstopayforleave.

Massachusettshasbeenespeciallycreative.Whenthestate'sactinggovernor,JaneSwift,gavebirthtotwindaughtersinMay,shedrewattentiontotheissuewithherown"workingmaternityleave":shetelecommutedpart-timebutearnedherusualfull-timesalary.EvenbeforeSwiftreturnedtoworklastweek,thestateSenateunanimouslypassedapilotplanthatwouldusesurplusfundsfromahealth-insuranceprogramfortheunemployedtogivenewparents12weeksoffathalfpay.Anotherplan,proposedintheHouse,wouldrequireemployerstokickin$20perworkertosetupa"NewFamiliesTrustFund."Businesseswouldgettaxcreditsinreturn.ThisweekSwiftisexpectedtoannounceherownpaid-leaveplanforlower-incomemothersandfathers.Pollsshowwidespreadpublicsupport—anotherreasonSwiftandotherpoliticiansacrossthecountryhaveembracedtheissue.

Stillnoteveryone'swildabouttheidea.Peoplewithoutchildrenquestionwhynewparents—thefirstgrouptogetpaidleaveundermanyoftheproposedplans—shouldgetmoregovernmentperksthantheydo.Businessgroupsareresistanttoproposalsthatwouldraidunemploymentfunds;severalhavealreadyfiledsuittoblockthem.Astheeconomyslows,manycompaniessaytheycan’taffordtocontributetoproposednewbenefitfundseither.Businesslobbyistssaytoomanyemployeesalreadyabuseexistingfederalfamily-leavelawsbytakingtimeofffordubiousreasonsorintinytimeincrements.Theproposedlaws,theysay,wouldonlymakemattersworse.

ForGarroandDuplisea,though,thenewlawscouldmakeallthedifference.AsMelinafixesapeanut-butter-and-jellysandwich,DupliseahugsasnoozingAndresagainsthisTshirt"We'retryingtodotherightthingbytwokids,andwehavetosacrifice,"Dupliseasays.InMassachusettsandplentyofotherstates,helpmaybeontheway.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthat（）.

2.WhenGarrosays"Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity",shemeans（）.

3.IfGarrolivesinMassachusetts,shewill（）.

4.Theword"perk"(Line2.Para.4)mostprobablymeans（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspaidleaveseemstobethatof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.GarroandDupliseausedtoliveacomfortableandeasylife

B.Duplisea'sbossissoconsiderateastoallowhimtokeephisjob

C.Garrocanearnmoremoneysosheshouldgobacktowork.

D.Thecouplehavemadealotofsacrificestotakecareoftheirchildren

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itexhaustsherfamilysavings

B.itplungesherfamilyintofinancialtrouble

C.itdeprivesherchildrenofhealthinsurance

D.itmakesherfeelinsecure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.have12weeksoffathalfpay

B.telecommutepart-timebutearnfull-timesalary

C.leaveherjobwithoutpaytotakecareofherkids

D.get$20fromheremployerforherleave

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.grant

B.policy

C.encouragement

D.reward

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.opposition

B.suspicion

C.approval

D.indifference

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從第一段，我們可以知道……”。文章第一段主要講述了這對夫妻為了養(yǎng)育兩個孩子付出了很多，在工作和養(yǎng)育孩子之間做權(quán)衡，因此選項(xiàng)D“這對夫妻為了養(yǎng)育孩子做出了很大犧牲”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“當(dāng)伽羅說‘它會帶走你的存款和保障’，她的意思是什么？”文章第一段提到伽羅夫婦不得不凍結(jié)養(yǎng)老賬號，縮減女兒的課后活動，還要祈求汽車不出問題（thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar），由此可知請假照顧孩子讓他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題越發(fā)嚴(yán)重，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“如果伽羅生活