2022年考研考博-考博英語-復(fù)旦大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號80

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-復(fù)旦大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Hewas（）forhisyearsofservicetothecompanywithagrandfarewellpartyandseveralpresents.

問題1選項

A.awarded

B.rewarded

C.warded

D.safeguarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。award“授予，判定”；reward“獎勵，獎賞”；ward“避開，保衛(wèi)，守護”；safeguard“保護，保衛(wèi)”。句意：他因數(shù)年對公司的貢獻而獲得獎賞，公司為他舉行了一個隆重的歡送會還有幾樣禮物。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

問題1選項

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。opulently“富裕地，豐裕地”；excessively“過分地，極度”,強調(diào)的是超過合理范圍的；consistently“一貫地，一致地”；exceedingly“極其，非常”，相當(dāng)于very。句意：如果你在電梯里盯著陌生人看，你會讓別人極其不舒服，并且你自己也會覺得很奇怪。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Ispentmostofmymoneyinthefirstweekand（）hadverylittletoeatduringthelastfewdaysoftheholiday.

問題1選項

A.afterall

B.consequently

C.otherwise

D.anyhow

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。afterall“畢竟”；consequently“因此，結(jié)果”；otherwise“否則，不然”；anyhow“無論如何，總之”。句意：我第一周就花掉了大部分的錢，因此在假期的最后幾天只能吃一點點東西。選項B符合題意。

4.單選題

Theaimofmakingself-criticismforthemistakeistohelpus______sothatweshallnotrepeatthemlater.

問題1選項

A.showoff

B.holdout

C.measureup

D.soberup

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。showoff“炫耀”；holdout“主張”；measureup“合格”；soberup“（使）清醒”。句意：對錯誤進行自我批評是為了讓我們更加清醒，不再重蹈覆轍。選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

Iknowofnootherqualitiesthanthinkingwhichmakesfortheperfectionofthemind（）italonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts.

問題1選項

A.incase

B.providingthat

C.forallthat

D.inasmuchas

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。incase“以防”；providingthat“假如”；forallthat“盡管”；inasmuchas“因為”。句意：我想沒有比思考更能完善人的思想的了，因為它讓我們成為人類，與其他動物區(qū)分開來。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Shedecidedtokeepreticentabouttheunpleasantpastand（）ittomemory.

問題1選項

A.attribute

B.allude

C.commit

D.credit

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。attribute“把……歸因于，把……歸咎于”；allude“暗指，間接提到”；commit“犯罪，做錯事，把……交托給，提交”；credit“信任，把……歸給”。句意：她打算對不愉快的過去保持沉默，并把它埋在回憶中。選項C符合題意。

7.單選題

Hercinematicdebutwas（）andshedecidedtoreturntothetheatrewheresheremainedfortherestofhercareer.

問題1選項

A.indelible

B.infallible

C.incredulous

D.inauspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。indelible“難忘的”；infallible“絕對可靠的”；incredulous“懷疑的，不輕信的”；inauspicious“不詳?shù)摹薄＞湟猓核陔娪爸械某醮蔚菆鲎屓穗y忘，所以決定重新回到影壇來繼續(xù)她的事業(yè)。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Makesureyou’re（

）himbeforeyoustartsharingahouse.

問題1選項

A.synonymouswith

B.compatiblewith

C.subordinateto

D.autonomousof

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞組辨析。synonymouswith“與……同義”；compatiblewith“與……和諧相處，與……相配的”；subordinateto“服從；從屬于”；autonomousof“自主的”。句意：在準(zhǔn)備合租房子之前確定你跟他能和睦相處。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Itmakesherveryangrywhenhesaysthatmenareintrinsically（）towomen.

問題1選項

A.meticulous

B.applicable

C.superior

D.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。meticulous“一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的”；applicable“可適用的，可應(yīng)用的”；superior“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)秀”；inferior“差的；自卑的”。句意：當(dāng)聽到他說男人在本質(zhì)上優(yōu)于女人這個說法時，她很生氣。選項C符合題意。

10.翻譯題

我認(rèn)為沒有人不喜歡到處去看看：多看看他人，多閱他鄉(xiāng)，不但可以認(rèn)識世界，亦可認(rèn)識自己。有人旅行時乘豪華游輪，謝靈運再世大概也會如此。有人背負(fù)行囊，翻山越嶺；有人騎自行車環(huán)游天下。這些都令人羨慕。我所傾向的，卻是駕車長征，去看天涯海角。我的太太比我更愛旅行，所以夫妻兩人正好互做旅伴，這一點只怕徐霞客也要羨慕。不過徐霞客是大旅行家、大探險家，我們，只是淺游而已。

【答案】Inmymind,everybodylovestolookaround,meetingmorepeopleandvisitingmoreplaces.Theycannotonlyunderstandtheworld,butalsorecognizethemselves.Someofthemtraveledbyacruise,andXieLingyunmaybeoneofthemifhewouldreincarnate.Somepickedupthetravelingbagacrossthemountains.Sometraveledaroundtheworldbybike.Alloftheseareenviable.Ijustprefertodrivealongjourneyandseetheendsoftheearth.MywifeisfondoftravelingthanI,andthereforewetwoaretravelingcompanion,whichmaybeenviedbyXuXiake.ButXuisagreattravelerandexplorer.Weonlysuperficiallytravel.

11.單選題

IhadvisitedthecapitalbeforealthoughmyfriendArthurhadnot,IfirstvisitedLondonasastudent,reluctantlyreleasedfromthebosomofatearfulmum,withatravelingtrunkstuffedfullofhome-madefruitcakesandwoollyvests.Iwasill-preparedfortheSpartanstandardsoftheSouth.Througheventhegrimmestpost-wardays,askidswehadploughedourwaythroughcornercutsofbeefandsteamedpuddings.SoyoucanimaginemydismaywhenIarrived,thatfirstday,atmyLondondigstobefacedwithaplateoftuna-pastesandwichesandathinsliceofcakeleftcurlingunderatea-towel.AndthatwassupposedtobeSundaylunch!

WhenIeventuallycaughtupwithmyextremelyirritatinglandlady,ImetwithavisionofsplendormoreinkeepingwiththeRoyalEnclosureattheracesthantheareainwhichshelived.Festoonedwithjewelsandfursandplasteredwithexclusivecosmetics,shewasawalkingadvertforBondStreet.

Now,wehaveanonetooelegantbutveryaptphraseforthisintheNorthofEngland,anditwastheonemyfriendArthurtodescribeLondonafterthreedaysthere:“Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath.”

Takeourhotel.Thereceptionareawasplushandinviting,theloungeanddining-roompoorenoughtostartArthurspeaking“properly”.Butjourneyupstairsfromonelandingtothenext,attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes.Bythetimewereachedourroom,allpretensiontorefinementandcomforthaddisappeared.Thefurcoatwasoff(backinthebandsofthehirepurchasecompany),andwhatwewerereallyexpectedtoputupwithforasmallfortuneanightwasexposedinallitsshamefulnakedness.Itwaslittlemorethanagarret,ashabbyaffairwithpatchedandpeelingwalls.TherewasastainedsinkwithpipesthatgrumbledandmutteredallnightlongandanassortmentoffurnishingsthatwouldhavedisgracedHerMajesty’sPrisonService.Butthecrowningglorywastheviewfromthewindow.Apeekbehindthehandsomefacadeofourfabledcity,rankgardenschokedwithrubbish,allthedebrisoflifepiledagainstthebackdoor.Itwasagoodjobthewindowdidn’topen,becausefromitallarosetheunmistakableodoroftheabyss.

Arthur,whosemumstillpolishesherbackstepanddisinfectsherdustbinonceaweek,slumpedontothebedinasuddenfitofdepression.“Nevermind,”Isaid,drawingthecurtains.“Youcanwatchtelly.”Thiswasoneofthehotel’sluxuries,whichinthenewspaperadhadpersuadedusweweregoingtospendtheweekinstyle.Itturnedouttobeayellowingplasticthingwithapicturewhichrolledoverandoverlikeaflounderingfishuntilyoutookyourfisttoit.ButArthurwasn’tgoingtobeconsoledbyanycheaptechnologicalgimmicks.

Hewassurehisdadhadforgottentofeedhispigeonsandthathisdogswerepiningawayforhim.Hegrewhorriblyhomesick.Afteraterriblenightspenttossingandturningtoaceaselesscacophonyofpipesandfiredoors,traffic,drunksandlow-flyingaircraft,Arthursurfacednextdaylikeaclaustrophobicmole.Londonhadgotsquarelyontopofhim.Sevenmillionpeoplehadsatonhimallnight,breathedhisair,generallyfouledhislivingspace,andcomebetweenhimandthatdailyquotaofprivacyandpeacewhichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners.

ArthurhadtobegotoutofLondonforawhile.

1.Whenthewriterfirstcametothecapital（）.

2.ThewriterwassurprisedatwhathereceivedforSundaylunchbecause（）.

3.ThelandladyseemedtoepitomizeaphraseusedintheNorthofEnglandtoindicatethatthingswere（）.

4.Theroomwhichthewriterandhisfriendweretoshare（）.

5.Thewriterfeelsthatinordertoremainsane,oneneedsacertainamountof（）.

問題1選項

A.hehadbeenveryreluctanttoleavehismother

B.hismotherhadnotwantedhimtoleavehome

C.hehadmadenopreparationsforhisjourneysouth

D.hehadsenthispossessionsonaheadinatrunk

問題2選項

A.foodhadalwaysbeenplentifulathome

B.hehadbeenusedtogrimmertimesathome

C.thingshadbeendifficultafterthewarupNorth

D.beefhadalwaysbeenavailablefromthebutcheronthecornerathome

問題3選項

A.tenderunderneaththesurface

B.vulnerabletotheoutsideworld

C.moreprofoundthantheyseemed

D.beautifulbutonlysuperficially

問題4選項

A.wasmoresuitedtohousingprisonersthanhotelguests

B.hadamagnificentviewfromoneofitswindows

C.hadadoorwhichprovidedaccesstoarubbishtip

D.wassituatedabovesomefoul-smellinggardens

問題5選項

A.physicalexercise

B.freshair

C.dailynourishment

D.breathingspace

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:文章第一段提到我第一次在倫敦旅行時還是個學(xué)生。那時候依依不舍地離開媽媽的懷抱，還提著一個裝滿家里做的水果蛋糕和羊毛背心的旅行箱。所以選項B符合題意。

第2題:文章第一段提到盡管是在戰(zhàn)后艱苦的日子，我們依然能吃到牛肉和蒸布丁，所以可以想象當(dāng)?shù)谝惶斓竭_倫敦寓所吃的食物的沮喪心情。所以選項A符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。由題干定位至第三段。作者認(rèn)為旅店女老板的裝扮非常俗氣，而他的朋友亞瑟在那里待了三天后對倫敦的描述是：“所有的都是毛皮外套，里面什么都沒有”（Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath）。而后面一段描述了豪華的接待區(qū)和破敗的休息室和餐廳以及閣樓水槽等，并說到文明的表象就在你眼前消失了（attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes）。由此可知，豪華的外表下竟是破敗的內(nèi)在。因此D項“虛有其表”正確。

第4題:作者和他的朋友的房間并不比頂樓大多少，四周是斑駁的墻壁。有一個褪了色的水池，水管整夜響不停，擺放的幾件家具還比不上英國監(jiān)獄局的。所以選項A符合題意。

第5題:文章倒數(shù)第一段提到日常的隱私和平靜可以保護我們不會墮落成瘋狂的兇手（whichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners），即一個人需要休息的場所和喘息的時間。所以選項D符合題意。

12.單選題

Itwasverydifficulttofindthepartsneededtodothejobbecauseofthe（）waythestorewasorganized.

問題1選項

A.logical

B.haphazard

C.orderly

D.tidy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。logical“有邏輯的”；haphazard“偶然的；隨意的”；orderly“有秩序的”；tidy“整潔的”。句意：找到這個工作所需要的零件很難，因為商店擺放的方式很隨意。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

Itdidnottakelongforthecentralbankto（）theirfears.

問題1選項

A.soothe

B.snub

C.smear

D.sanctify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。soothe“使平靜，安慰，緩和”；snub“冷落，斥責(zé)”；smear“涂上，抹掉，誹謗”；sanctify“使神圣”。句意：銀行并沒有花費很長時間就緩解了人們的憂慮。選項A符合題意。

14.單選題

Toourgreatdelight,yesterdaywereceiveda（n）（）donationfromabenefactor.

問題1選項

A.handsome

B.awesome

C.miserly

D.prodigal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。handsome“英俊的，大方的”；awesome“令人敬畏的，可怕的；極好的”；miserly“吝嗇的，貪婪的”；prodigal“揮霍的，十分慷慨的”。句意：令我們高興的是，昨天我們收到了一位捐助者大量的捐助物。選項D符合題意。

15.單選題

Thismorningwhenshewaswalkinginthestreet,ablackcar（）besideher.

問題1選項

A.drewout

B.drewoff

C.drewdown

D.drewup

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。drawout“取出，擬定，拉長”；drawoff“撤退，轉(zhuǎn)移”；drawdown“引來，招致”；drawup“草擬，停住”。句意：這個早上當(dāng)她正走在街上的時候，一輛黑色的汽車停在她旁邊。選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

Myauntlosthercatlastsummer,butit（）aweeklateratahomeinthenextvillage.

問題1選項

A.turnedup

B.turnedin

C.turnedon

D.turnedout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。turnup“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)，折起”；turnin“上繳，出賣”；turnon“打開，發(fā)動”；turnout“結(jié)果是，證明是”。句意：去年夏天我姨媽的貓丟了，但是一周后它出現(xiàn)在鄰村的一戶人家里。選項A符合題意。

17.單選題

A（）surgeoncanbeasdangerousasarecruitwithagunhedoesnotknowhowtohandle.

問題1選項

A.professional

B.negligent

C.competent

D.mellow

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。professional“專業(yè)的”；negligent“疏忽的，粗心大意的”；competent“能勝任的，有能力的”；mellow“圓潤的；柔和的”。句意：一名粗心外科醫(yī)生的危險性好比一名不會使用槍的新兵拿著一把槍。選項B符合題意。

18.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare（）nationalborders.

問題1選項

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。transplanting“移植”；transgressing“違反，違法，越界”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitting“傳遞，傳送”。句意：我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼，其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國界的一個時代。選項B符合題意。

19.單選題

Theproblemofwherewewillraisethefundsfortheschemehasnotyetbeen（）.

問題1選項

A.accessed

B.addressed

C.dealt

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。access“使用；存??；接近”；address“向……致詞；從事；忙于；處理”；deal“處理”；express“表達”。句意：我們應(yīng)該從何處來募集這個計劃的資金這個問題還沒有得到處理。deal表示處理后面要接介詞with，所以選項B符合題意。

20.單選題

Wearetoldthatthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogramme,Panorama.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtosomanyintimationsaboutsocieties,formsoflife,attitudesotherthanthosewhichobtainintheirownlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities;widthofjudgment,asenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnonotethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinaquarryandwhichmay,conceivablygotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdoesnotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesareresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobserve—fleetingly—individuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthem,issufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesire,tokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.TheorgansoftheEstablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandWhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathatthenwillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquirydonotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiriesmightreallyhurt,Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptions.Ofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestiontheseclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogrammersgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationinitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo.Thereareexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

Theresultcanbeseeninahundredradioandtelevisionprogrammersasplainlyasinthenormaltreatmentofpublicissuesinthepopularpress.Differentlevelsofbackgroundinthereadersorviewersmaybeassumed,butwhatusuallytakesplaceisasubstitutefortheprocessofarrivingatjudgment.Programmerssuchasthisarenoteworthylessforthe'stimulation'theyofferthanforthefactthatthatstimulation(repeatedatregularintervals)maybecomeasubstitutefor,andsoahindranceto,judgmentscarefullyarrivedatandtestedinthemindandonthepulses.Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything.

1.TheauthorholdsthattheEstablishmentshouldtryto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whenmasscommunicationsdealwithintellectualmatters,theyshould（）.

3.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedraljusttoshow（）.

4.Theword“fleetingly”inParagraph1means（）.

5.Inthepassagetheauthorcriticizesthemassmediafor（）.

問題1選項

A.doagoodservicetosociety

B.altertheformofpublicinstitutions

C.maintainitspositioninsociety

D.kindlestrongemotionsinthepublic

問題2選項

A.lookonthemasadomesticpastime

B.regardthemasmostpressingmatters

C.thinkofthemascontroversialmatters

D.considerthemtobeofonlydomesticinterest

問題3選項

A.sometimespayingcloseattentiontodetailsisextremelyimportant

B.greatworksofartusuallyneedgoodandsolidfoundations

C.theancientsocietyhaddifferentbeliefs

D.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialsonly

問題4選項

A.attentively

B.transiently

C.Sentimentally

D.strictly

問題5選項

A.theirwideningthegapbetweenreadersorviewers

B.theirfailingtoreachanydefiniteconclusionsoverwhattheyreport

C.theirsettingtoointellectualastandard

D.theircateringforasmallnumberofaudiences

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:文章第二段提到無論這些組織的初衷有多么美好，也不管它們的形式是什么樣的，比如國家、教會、社團、政黨等等，都只會為了平衡各方的利益而屈從于現(xiàn)狀，所以作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力改變公共機構(gòu)的形式，選項B符合題意。

第2題:文章第三段最后一句話Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything提到大眾傳媒讓知識事宜失去本來的活力，讓它們坐在壁爐旁，有序卻無用，就像一場家庭游戲。由此可以看出，大眾傳媒在處理知識相關(guān)的事情時，把它看作一場娛樂。選項A符合題意。

第3題:從文章第一段最后三句提到通過練石場的大量石頭，人們可以想象出這些石頭極有可能被用來建教堂。大眾傳媒不能建大教堂，而且它們展示石頭的方式并不能提示他人去建造。作者采用對比手法的目的只是為了說明要想得到某些有價值的結(jié)果并不能只是依靠原料本身，所以選項D符合題意。

第4題:attentively“聚精會神地”；transiently“短暫的”；sentimentally“多情地”；strictly“嚴(yán)格地”。選項B符合題意。

第5題:文章第二段第二三句作者批判大眾媒體不能對所報道的內(nèi)容給出絕對真實的評論，所以選項B符合題意。

21.單選題

He（

）outragebycallingtheTVprogrammes“talkingwallpaper”.

問題1選項

A.provoked

B.evoked

C.revoked

D.invoked

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。provoke“激起，挑釁”；evoke“引起，喚起，博得”；revoke“撤回，取消，廢除”；invoke“調(diào)用，換氣”。句意：他稱那個電視節(jié)目為“會說話的壁紙”激起了憤怒。選項A符合題意。

22.單選題

Whatifoursocietyusesnew-foundtechnologiesof“geneticengineering”tointerferewiththebiologicalnatureofhumanbeings?Mightthatnotbedisastrous?

Whataboutcloning,forinstance?

Cloningisatermoriginallyusedinconnectionwithnonsexualreproductionofplantsandverysimpleanimal.Nowitiscomingintouseinconnectionwithhigheranimals,sincebiologistsarefindingwaysofstartingwithanindividualcellofagrownanimalandinducingittomultiplyintothesamewayinthefuture.

Butiscloningasafethingtounleashonsociety?Mightitnotbeusedfordestructivepurposes?Forinstance,mightnotsomerulinggroupdecidetoclonetheirsubmissive,downtroddenpeasantry,andthusproduceendlesshordesofsemi-robotswhowillslavetokeepafewinluxuryandwhomayevenserveasendlessranksofsoldiersdesignedtoconquertherestoftheworld?

Adreadfulthought,butanunnecessaryfear.Foronething,thereisnoneedtocloneforthepurpose.Theordinarymethodofreproductionproducesallthehumanbeingsthatareneededandasrapidlyasisneeded.Rightnow,theordinarymethodisproducingsomanypeopleastoputcivilizationindangerofimminentdestruction.Whatmorecancloningdo?

Secondly,unskilledsemi-robotscannotbesuccessfullypittedagainsttheskilledusersofmachine,eitheronfarms,infactoriesorinarmies.Anynationdependingondowntroddenmasseswillfinditselfaneasymarkforexploitationbyalesspopulousbutmoreskilledandversatilesociety.Thishashappenedinthepastoftenenough.

Butevenifweforgetaboutself-hordes,whataboutthecloningofarelativelyfewindividuals?Therearerichpeoplewhocouldaffordtheexpense,orpoliticianswhocouldhavetheinfluenceforit,orthegiftedwhocouldundergoitbypopulardemand.Therecanbetwoifaparticularbankerorgovernororscientist—orthree—orathousand.Mightthisnotcreateakindofprivilegedcaste,whowouldreproducethemselvesingreaterandgreaternumbers,andwhowouldgraduallytakeovertheworld?

Beforewegrowconcernedaboutthis,wemustaskwhethertherewillreallybeanygreatdemandforcloning.Wouldyouwanttobecloned?Thenewindividualformedyourcellwillhaveyourgenesandthereforeyourappearanceand,possibly,talents,buthewillnotbeyou.Theclonewillbe,atbest,merelyyouridenticaltwin.Identicaltwinssharethesamegeneticpattern,buttheyeachhaveownindividualityandareseparatepersons.

Cloningisnotapathwaytoimmortality,then,becauseyourconsciousnessdoesnotsurviveinyourclone,anymorethanitwouldinyouridenticaltwinifyouhadone.

Infact,yourclonewouldbefarlessthanyouridenticaltwin.Whatshapesandformsapersonalityisnotgenesalone,butalltheenvironmenttowhichitisexposed.Identicaltwinsgrowupinidenticalsurroundings,inthesamefamily,andundereachother’sinfluence.Acloneofyourself,perhapsthirtyoffortyyearsyounger,wouldgrowupinadifferentworldaltogetherandwouldbeshapedbyinfluencesthatwouldbesuretomakehimlessandlesslikeyouashegrowsolder.

Hemayevenearnyourjealousy.Afterall,youareoldandheisyoung.Youmayoncehavebeenpoorandstruggledtobecomewell-to-do,buthewillbewell-to-dofromthestart.Themerefactthatyouwon’tbeabletoviewitasachild,butasanothercompetingandbetter-advantagedyou,mayaccentuatethejealousy.

No!Imaginethat,aftersomeinitialexperiments,thedemandforcloningwillbevirtuallynonexistent.

1.Thecentralthemeoftheessayis（）.

2.Theauthorassumesthatthereadersis（）.

3.Theauthorassumesthatthereaderthinks“immortality”（）.

4.Toholdthereader’sinterest,theauthor（）.

5.Theword“hordes”usedinthepassagemeans（）.

問題1選項

A.geneticengineersareexperimentingwithcloning

B.thecloningofhumancouldproduceaprivilegedclass

C.worriesaboutthedangersofhumancloningareill-founded

D.personalitytraitscannotbepassedonthoughcloning

問題2選項

A.afraidofanationofdictators

B.worriedabouttheabusesofcloning

C.eggertoputcloningtopracticaluse

D.readytobecloned

問題3選項

A.frightening

B.unavoidable

C.profitable

D.desirable

問題4選項

A.usedquotationsbyfamouspeople

B.asksfrequentquestionsofthereader

C.presentsmanyresearchstatistics

D.tellsmanyamusingstories

問題5選項

A.swarmsoffish

B.largegroupsofpeople

C.mountainranges

D.largefieldsofgrain

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:文章以geneticengineering開頭，接著作者提到了克隆會帶來的問題，但是在第5段提出克隆是一個可怕的想法，但是沒有必要去恐懼（Adreadfulthought,butanunnecessaryfear）。選項C符合題意，“對克隆危險的擔(dān)憂是沒有依據(jù)的”。

第2題:文章第四段作者提出了兩個問題：克隆對社會來說是安全的嗎？（Butiscloningasafethingtounleashonsociety?）它會不會被用來做壞事？（Mightitnotbeusedfordestructivepurposes?）可以推出作者是假設(shè)讀者擔(dān)心這項技術(shù)會被亂用。選項B符合題意。

第3題:immortality出現(xiàn)在文章第九段cloningisnotapathwaytoimmortality，克隆并不是通往永生的途徑，因為人的意識無法克隆，它至多存在于一個同卵雙胞胎中，因此作者是假定讀者認(rèn)為永生是存在的。選項D符合題意。

第4題:文章多次用了提問的方式來引起讀者的興趣。選項B符合題意。

第5題:文章第四段第三句Forinstance,mightnotsomerulinggroupdecidetoclonetheirsubmissive,downtroddenpeasantry,andthusproduceendlesshordesofsemi-robots，提到了submissive,downtroddenpeasantry“順從的、被奴役的農(nóng)民”。那么hordes這個詞應(yīng)該是表達“很多人”的意思。選項B符合題意。

23.單選題

Legislationhasbeendevelopedthroughoutthe20thcenturyattemptingtoprotectemployeesfrom（）dismissalbytheiremployers.

問題1選項

A.unrecognizable

B.undeniable

C.unreachable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unrecognizable“未被承認(rèn)的，無法認(rèn)出的”；deniable“不可否認(rèn)的，無可爭辯的”；unreachable“不能得到的；不能到達的”；unjustifiable“不合道理的；不能分辨的”。句意：發(fā)展貫穿整個20世紀(jì)的法律是為了保護員工，讓他們不再被雇主無理由解雇。選項D符合題意。

24.單選題

Iignoredanoldwomanwhoaskedmeformoneyinthestreetyesterdayandit’sbeenonmy（

）eversince.

問題1選項

A.morality

B.conscience

C.morale

D.rationale

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定用法。onmyconscience“我的良心受譴責(zé)”。句意：我無視了一個在街上向我借錢的老婦人，這讓我的良心很不安。選項B符合題意。

25.單選題

Mynexthusbandwilldefinitelybehen-pecked.Everyonelaughablyassumesmypresentoneis,soImayaswellhavetheadvantageofexchangingillusionforreality.

Thismeanshewillbeabletomendafuse.Beinggoodaboutthehouseistheessentialingredientofthemanageablemale.Allthesepretensionstohavinggreenfingersasanexcuseforspendingthemorninginthesunshineandtrampinginfromthegardeninmuddybootsarereallynosubstitute.

Asacareerwoman,ithasalwaysbeenmydreamtobemarriedtoahandyman.Womenwhosehusbandsarerelaxedaboutrawplugsdon'tknowwhatworryis.Iwouldsleeppeacefullyatnightwithanyonewhocouldtellapairofpincersfromawirecutter.Apartfromtheblissfulconvenience;Icouldreallyatlastbegintoliveitup.

IfyouareburiedinthedepthsofthecountryasIliketobewheneverIcan,itcostsyouafiverjusttohaveaboltputonthesheddoorortobribethenearestplumbertocomeandlookatadrippingtap.IcalculateIcouldhaveatriptotheSolomonIslandseveryyearoutofthemoneywewillsaveonthewashersmynewdo-it-yourselfparagonwillwhiponandoffourtaps.

Mynexthusbandwillnotsayeverytime.Igetoutthetravelbrochures:"IdoloveEnglandinthelatesummer;don'tyouthinkitwouldbenicetoholidayathome?Thegardenisatitsbestthen".Iknowwhatthatmeans:stayinguphalfthenightcuttinguphisglutofrunnerbeansforthedeepfreeze.

Beingahandyman,hewould,ofcourse,beanexpertcook.Itwouldbehewhowouldrustleupanomeletteatmidnightafteraheavyday.Andhewouldnotbelievethateverycookingutensilinsightwasexpendable.Iwouldneveragainhavetocursethefriendwhooncetoldusthattheonlywaytodosteakwasinatotallydry,red-hotfrying-pan,Ilikecharcoaledsteakasmuchasanyone,butitcomesexpensivewhenitmeanscharcoalingtheentirekitchentoo.IshallrelinquishwithoutregrettherecordIatpresentholdofbeingmarriedtotheonlymaninBritainwhohasevermanagedtoburnaboiledegg.

AfterlongandmatureconsiderationIhavecometotheconclusionthatthenextmanImarryWillbeahairdresser.Anyhusbandwhocannotback-combhiswife'shairisnotworthhissalt.ThiswillmeanthatIwillbeabletogointoeveryseriousT.V.discussioncompletelylight-heartedly.Itwon'tmatteradamnwhatItalkabout.Myfriendswillallringuptoremark:"SawyouonT.V.lastnight,Yourhairdidlooknice".

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthor'spresenthusband（）

2.Bygivingtheexampleofherhusband'scookingsteak,theauthortriestoprovehis（）

3.Theword"glut"inParagraph5canbereplacedby（）

4.Accordingtotheauthorhavinggreenfingerssometimes（）

5.Thetoneofthephrase"Afterlongandmatureconsideration"inthelastparagraphcanbeidentifiedas（）

問題1選項

A.hasanimpetuoustemper

B.isacoldfish

C.isnotaveryconsiderateperson

D.isuxorious

問題2選項

A.frugality

B.temperance

C.hisaptitude

D.ineptitude

問題3選項

A.exuberance

B.excess

C.myriad

D.flamboyance

問題4選項

A.canproduceembarrassinggluts

B.makesgardenerspulltheirweightinthehouse

C.makesgardenersrunamokinthehouse

D.enablesgardenerstokeepthehousecleanandtidy

問題5選項

A.arrogant

B.ironical

C.flippant

D.patronizing

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:文章第一段Mynexthusbandwilldefinitelybehen-pecked.Everyonelaughablyassumesmypresentoneis,soImayaswellhavetheadvantageofexchangingillusionforreality提到我的下任丈夫必須是一個妻管嚴(yán)。每個人都認(rèn)為我現(xiàn)在的丈夫就是一個妻管嚴(yán)，所以我想讓這個幻想變成現(xiàn)實。由此可知，作者的丈夫并不是一個妻管嚴(yán)，不夠體貼。選項C符合題意。

第2題:文章第六段最后一句IshallrelinquishwithoutregrettherecordIatpresentholdofbeingmarriedtotheonlymaninBritainwhohasevermanagedtoburnaboiledegg提到作者會毫不猶豫放棄目前創(chuàng)造的記錄：嫁給了英國唯