2021版英語一輪講練復(fù)習(xí)浙江專用人教版核心素養(yǎng)測評：三十七選修8Unit2Cloning

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。核心素養(yǎng)測評三十七選修8Unit2Cloning（限時(shí)35分鐘）I.閱讀理解AAnexcitinglandingprocessofChang-4lunarprobe（月球探測器）wasseenthroughthemonitoratBeijingAerospaceControlCenterinBeijing,Jan.3,2019.Ittoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoonat10:26a.m.BeijingTime,becomingthefirstspacecraftsoft-landingonthemoon'sunknownsidenevervisiblefromEarth.China'sChar-4probehasstartedtheexplorationonthefarsideofthemoonthankstotherelaysatellitethatprovidesacommunicationlinkwithgroundcontrol.Therelaysatellite,namedQueqiao,meaningMagpieBridge,afteraChineselegend傳說），waslaunchedonMay21,2018,andbecamethefirstcommunicationsatelliteoperatingintheHaloOrbit,nearly500,000kmfromtheearth.Itcanalsoprovidecommunicationforprobesfromothercountries.Therelaysatellitewillalsobeusedforscientificandtechnologicalexperiments.ThemaximumdistancebetweenthesatelliteandtheChang’e-4probeonthefarsideofthemoonis79,000km.ThesatelliteprocessesdatafromtheprobeandsendsittoEarth.Thesatellitecanstayinitsorbitforalongtimeduetoitsrelativelylowfuelconsumption,astheearth’ansdmoon’sgravitybalancesitsorbitalmoving.Whileinorbit,itcan“see”boththeearthandthefarsideofthemoon.TheconceptofusingarelaysatelliteintheHaloOrbitwasfirstputforwardbyU.S.spaceexpertsinthe1960s,butwasrealizedbyChinesespaceengineers.Researchershopetousethecamerasonthesatellitetorecordasteroids（小行星 ）hittingthefarsideofthemoon.TocontrolthecostoftheChang’e-4probe,therelaysatellitewasdesignedtoberelativelysmall,weighingabout400kg.Researchershadjust30monthstodevelopthesatellite,puttingthemunderhighpressure.Topromotepublicinterestinspaceexploration,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationinvitedpeopletowritedowntheirwishesforlunarandspaceexploration,andtherelaysatellitecarriesthenamesoftensofthousandsofparticipantsandtheirmessages.【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章報(bào)道了北京時(shí)間2019年1月310時(shí)26分,我國嫦娥四號探測器成功登陸月球背面。Whatdowelearnfromthesecondparagraph?TherelaysatellitewaslaunchedonJan.3,2019.Chang-’e4probewasthefirstcommunicationsatellite.Therelaysatelliteonlyexploresthefarsideofthemoon.TherelaysatellitecanhandledatafromChang-4probe.’e【解析】 選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的ThesatelliteprocessesdatafromtheprobeandsendsittoEarth.可知,中繼衛(wèi)星可以處理來自嫦娥四號探測器的數(shù)據(jù)。故選 D。Whywasthesizeoftherelaysatelliterelativelysmall?Toreducethecostasmuchaspossible.TomakeitcircleMoonforalongertime.Toavoidbeingcrashedbyothersatellites.TofollowAmericanspaceexperts ’advice.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的TocontrolthecostoftheChang’e-4probe,therelaysatellitewasdesignedtoberelativelysmall,weighingabout400kg.可知,中繼衛(wèi)星的尺寸相對較小是為了節(jié)約成本,故選 A。Whatmaderesearcherssufferfromgreatstress?Fewpeopleinterestedintheexplorationonthemoon.Therelaysatellitecarryingtoomuchequipment.Theirlackingenoughtimetodeveloptherelaysatellite.People’sneverbeingoptimisticabouttherelaysatellite.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Researchershadjust30monthstodevelopthesatellite,puttingthemunderhighpressure.可知,研究者們壓力很大是因?yàn)樗麄冎挥?30個(gè)月的時(shí)間開發(fā)這個(gè)衛(wèi)星,即缺乏時(shí)間,故選 C。Whatisthemainideaofthetext?ChinaisanewspacepoweraftertheUSA.Chang-’e4probelandsonMoon’sfarside.Chinesespaceengineersmakemuchprogress.Spaceexplorationisadangerouschallenge.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。文章主要報(bào)道了嫦娥四號探測器成功登陸月球背面 ,并介紹了衛(wèi)星在月球登陸的情況 ,因此,本文的主要內(nèi)容是嫦娥四號探測器在月球背面著陸。故選 B。BDreamingofsummerpicnicsfilledwithfamilyandfun?We ’vecupwith4ofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.CumberlandIslands,GeorgiaJustafewhourssouthofSavannah,thisnationalseashoreisapicnicparadise.It’sanunspoiledplaceintheDeepSouthwithover50milesofhikingtrails（小徑）.CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit ’sstillaruthraelastraeras,lineupforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.GrantPark,ChicagoIfyouarelookingfordeliciousfoodinChicago,goforatasteofa20-day,lake-front,foodiefestivalthathappensinOctobereachyear.Grabaspotnearthefountaintoenjoyyourpicnic,appreciatethecitysceneryandlakeviewsandrelaxwithfamilyandfriends.IfyouarethereonJuly4th,besuretoplanthedaytoincludethefireworksdisplayattheNavyPier.CranberryIslands,MaineHere,you’llenjoynaturalpicnicswithislandviews.Theislandsareadelightfulgroupofislandsabout20minutesoffshorefromAcadiaNationalPark.Youcanvisittheislandsbyprivateboatorferry（渡船）service.Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit ’saromanticpicnicareatotakeyourspecialsomeoneorgoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.BigSur,CaliforniaThePointLobosStateReserveisasmallgem.Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantcommunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It’sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Werecommendbringingatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了美國的4個(gè)頂級野餐區(qū)的相關(guān)信息。WhatareCumberlandIslandslike?A.TheyarejustnexttoSavannah.Theyhaven’tlosttheirnaturalness.TheyarealmostcoveredinSpanishmoss.Theyhaveaspectacularshoweverynight.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由CumberlandIslands,Georgia中的“It’sanunspoiledplace...”可知,這是一個(gè)未遭破壞的地方。所以CumberlandIslands并沒有喪失它的自然風(fēng)光。故B選項(xiàng)正確。Wherecanyouenjoyobservingwildlifewithatelescope?AttheNavyPier.IntheDeepSouth.AtAcadiaNationalPark.AtthePointLobosStateReserve.【解析】 選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由BigSur,California中“ThePnotiLobosStateReserveisasmallgem...Werecommendbringingatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.可知,PointLobos是評價(jià)很高的國家保護(hù)區(qū)。我們建議帶上望遠(yuǎn)鏡 ,因?yàn)榇蟛糠忠吧鷦?dòng)物只能在遠(yuǎn)處看到。所以在 PointLobos國家保護(hù)區(qū)可以享受用望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察野生動(dòng)物的樂趣。故 D選項(xiàng)正確。Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?Tointroducesomepicnicareas.Tosharepersonalstoriesaboutpicnics.Totellreaderssomegoodwaystorelax.Toofferreaderstipsforwinterholiday.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由“Dreamingofsummerpicnicsfilledwithfamilyandfun?We’vecomeupwith4ofthetoppiacrneiacsacrosstheUS.”（夢想著家人陪伴、充滿樂趣的夏季野餐 ?我們想到了美國四大頂級野餐區(qū)）,以及下文對于野餐區(qū)的詳細(xì)說明,可以判斷出作者寫這篇短文的目的是要介紹一些野餐區(qū)。故 A選項(xiàng)正確。Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?Inapersonaldairy.Inasciencereport.Inatravelmagazine.Inageographytextbook.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，短文介紹了美國的4個(gè)頂級野餐區(qū)的相關(guān)信息。所以這篇短文是寫給那些要去旅游的游客的,希望他們在讀到這篇短文之后,獲得更多關(guān)于去哪里旅游和野餐的信息。所以判斷最有可能在旅游雜志上讀到這篇文章。 故C選項(xiàng)正確?！局R拓展】長難句分析CoveredinSpanishmoss,thetrailsarelinedwithtreesandsinceitstillaruralarea,thestarslineupforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.分析:covered是過去分詞作狀語；since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。翻譯:這些小路上到處都是寄生藤 ,路邊是一排排的樹。因?yàn)樗允青l(xiāng)下地方,晚上時(shí)能看到壯觀的星象 ,給了人們完美的晚上觀星的野餐機(jī)會(huì)。Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit saromanticpicnicaretakeyourspecialsomeoneorgoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.分析:本句是祈使句;totake...是定語，修飾area。翻譯:出門時(shí)為這次旅行帶上野餐籃，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)浪漫野餐區(qū)，你可以帶上特殊的某人或者家人去參觀這些島。H.完形填空LeighaBishopisalwaysfindingnewwaystoencourageherstudents.Recently,shenoticedoneofherstudents1astrangehairstyle—abraidedtopknot（頭飾）.She2heratonce.Butthestudentthoughtshewas3."Shedidn'btelieveme,sosherespondednothing,asshe4away.”Leighatoldreporters.Tothestudent'5s,Leighacametoschooltheverynextdaywiththe6samehairstyle."wenthomeandgottoworkonmyhair!Withmystudent'hairbeing7tomine,Ithoughtthebetterwaytoshowherhow8shecouldmakemefeelwaswiththesamebraidedtopknot.”Leigha9thechanceofcreatingahairstyletoencourageherstudents."Whenstudents_are0_forwhotheyareasanindividualbeyondgradesonareportcard,theywillwanttogotoschoolandwantto11inlife.”sheexplained."Thissmallactionofcopyingahairstylealsoshowsthatstudentshavethe 12 toinspireteachers.Leigha13aphotoposingwithherstudentsandtheir14onTwitter(推特). “Whenyourstudentlistsocute,youhavetocopyher,“shewrote.AnotherTwitterusedecidedtorepostthepictureinotherwords,“Thiseacher,MsBishoppraisedoneofherstudentshair,sayingshelovedit,butthelittlegirldidn't15her.Thenextday,theteachercametoschoolwithherhairdonethesameasherstudent'Ssocute!”Thepostspread16andmanypeople17theirthoughts.Onesaid,“Weneedmoreofthis.1builds18(whichmakesthembelieveinthemselvesmore). ”Asateacher,Leighasawhow19itwastoshowherstudentstheimportanceofshowingthemselvesandwantedtomakethe20ofallcolorsbetterandbetter.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹一個(gè)老師為了博得學(xué)生的信任，特意剪了一個(gè)與之一樣的發(fā)型，并且在網(wǎng)上獲得廣泛關(guān)注。1.A.drawingB.wearingC.pullingD.dressing【解析】選B。句意:最近，她注意到一個(gè)學(xué)生留著一個(gè)新奇的發(fā)型，一個(gè)編頂結(jié)。draw吸引，畫;wear穿戴;pull拉;dress穿衣。根據(jù)后文可知，是學(xué)生的新奇的發(fā)型讓LeighaBishoptil做了同1勺發(fā)型，故選B。2.A.praisedB.criticizedC.treatedD.helped【解析】選A。句意:她馬上贊賞了學(xué)生。praise稱贊;criticize批評;treat對待;help幫助。根據(jù)前文 LeighaBishopisalwaysfindingnewwaystoencourageherstudents.可知，LeighaBishop鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生,因而稱贊學(xué)生的個(gè)性行為,故選 A。A.puzzlingB.laughingC.jokingD.treating【解析】選a句意:但是學(xué)生認(rèn)為老師在開玩笑。puzzle疑惑;laugh大笑;joke開玩笑;treat對待。根據(jù)后文Shedidn’tbelievemsoe,sherespondednothing可知,LeighaBishop的行為沒有起到預(yù)期的效果 ,適得其反,故選C。A.walkedB.putC.blewD.cleared【解析】選A。句意:她不相信我，因?yàn)樗x開的時(shí)候，沒有回應(yīng)我。walk走;put放;blow吹;clear打掃。根據(jù)文章可知，學(xué)生不認(rèn)為老師是在夸獎(jiǎng)自己,故一言不發(fā)地走開了,故選A。A.sadnessB.surpriseC.worryD.disappointment【解析】選B。句意:讓這個(gè)學(xué)生驚訝的是，LeighaBishop第二天留著同樣的發(fā)型來到學(xué)校。sadness悲傷;surprise驚訝;worry擔(dān)憂;disappointment失望。根據(jù)文章可知，Leigha為了讓學(xué)生相信她，做了一個(gè)與學(xué)生一模一樣的發(fā)型 ,因此學(xué)生很驚訝 ,故選 B。A.awkwardB.positiveC.alikeD.exact【解析】選Doawkward令人尷尬的positive積極的;alike像;exact準(zhǔn)確的，確切的。根據(jù)文章可知，Leigha為了讓學(xué)生相信她，做了一個(gè)一模一樣的發(fā)型 ,故選D。A.funnyB.familiarC.differentD.similar【解析】選D。句意:由于我學(xué)生的發(fā)型與我的相似，我認(rèn)為展示她讓我感覺挺不錯(cuò)的更好的方式就是留一個(gè)相同的編頂結(jié)發(fā)型。funny有趣的;familiar熟悉的;different不同的;similar相似的。根據(jù)文章可知,Leigha為了讓學(xué)生相信她，留了一個(gè)相同的發(fā)型，故選D。A.niceB.uglyC.awfulD.terrible【解析】選A。nice好的;ugly丑陋的;awful糟糕的;terrible可怕的。A.playedapartintookadvantageoffellinlovewithcameupwith【解析】選B。句意:Leigha利用做發(fā)型的機(jī)會(huì)來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生。playapartin起作用;takeadvantageof禾1」用;fallinlovewith愛上;comeupwith想出。故選B。A.mentionedB.replacedC.evaluatedD.examined【解析】選C。句意:當(dāng)學(xué)生們因?yàn)樗麄冏陨矶皇莾H僅因?yàn)閳?bào)告單上的成績被評價(jià)時(shí) ,他們將會(huì)想去學(xué)校,同時(shí)想在生活中有所成就。mention提及;replace代替;evaluate評估;examine檢查。故選CA.achieveB.wander.pleaseD.demand【解析】選A。achieve成功，獲得，實(shí)現(xiàn);wander漫游;please使 高興;demand要求。根據(jù)文章可知，學(xué)生們都想獲得成功，故選A。A.wishB.responsibility.possibilityD.problem【解析】選C。句意:模仿學(xué)生的發(fā)型這一小小的舉動(dòng)也說明了學(xué)生有可能啟發(fā)老師。wish愿望;responsibility責(zé)任possibility可能性；problem問題。故選 C。A.tookB.usedC.sharedD.enjoyed【解析】選C。句意:Leigha在推特上分享了一張照片，這張照片是關(guān)于學(xué)生和他們發(fā)型的擺拍。take帶;use用;share分享;enjoy喜歡。故選C。A.hairstylesB.homeworkC.clothesD.fashion【解析】選A。hairstyles發(fā)型;homework家庭作業(yè);clothes衣服;fashion時(shí)尚。根據(jù)文章可知,本文談?wù)摪l(fā)型 ,故選A。A.regretB.satisfyC.likeD.trust【解析】選D。句意:但是這個(gè)小女孩不相信她。regret后悔;satisfy使?jié)M意;like喜歡;trust信任。根據(jù)前文可知，小女孩不信任這個(gè)老師，故選D。A.quicklyB.slowlyC.steadilyD.luckily【解析】選A。句意:這個(gè)帖子傳播得很快 ,很多人都寫下他們的想法。quickly快速地;slowly緩慢地;steadily穩(wěn)定地;luckily幸運(yùn)地。故選A。A.forgotaboutB.setaboutC.paidattentiontoD.wrotedown【解析】選D。句意:這個(gè)帖子傳播得很快 ,很多人都寫下他們的想法。forgetabout忘記;setabout著手;payattentionto注意到;writedown寫下。根據(jù)本句可知,帖子傳播很快 ,很多人寫評論 ,故選D。A.confidenceB.companiesC.housesD.strength【解析】選A。句意:我們需要更多像這樣的東西，它建立了信心。confidence自信companies公司;houses房子;strength力氣。根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的解釋可知選 A。A.embarrassedB.toughC.importantD.wonderful【解析】選C。句意:作為一個(gè)老師，Leigha讓學(xué)生能夠明白展示自己是多么重要 ,同時(shí)也想讓各種膚色的學(xué)生變得越來越好。embarrassed尷尬的;tough困難的;important重要的;wonderful神奇的。根據(jù)文章可知,本文主要講述學(xué)生新奇發(fā)型的事情,對此老師是認(rèn)可的,故選C。A.countriesB.teachersC.schoolsD.students【解析】選Docountry國家;teacher老師;school學(xué)校;student學(xué)生。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述學(xué)校里面留發(fā)型的事情，與學(xué)生有關(guān)。故選Dom.語法填空世紀(jì)金榜導(dǎo)學(xué)號閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Airpollutionisakiller.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysitkillsaboutsevenmillionpeoplearoundtheworldeachyear.Evenif1.(pollute)airdoesnotkillyou,itcanmakeyouverysick.Breathingindirtyair2.(frequent)maydogreatharmtoyourbody,3.canalsoaffectyourbrainandyourability4.(think).Anewstudyshowsthatairpollutioncancauseahugedecreaseinyour5. (intelligent).Theresearchersreportedthatlongtermsuffer