【語(yǔ)法】定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 完整版課件

高中英語(yǔ)精品語(yǔ)法課件定語(yǔ)從句（關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）第2課時(shí)Lead-in用關(guān)系代詞（副詞）填空1.Doyouremembertheday__________wefirstmet?2.That’sthehouse__________myunclelived.3.Doyouhavethesamecar__________myfatherdrives?4.Doyouknowthereason__________WangHaididn’tcomeyesterday?5.Theteacher__________willteachusmathsthistermisMrGreen.Lead-in答案1.when2.where3.as4.why5.who/thatPresentation1.關(guān)系代詞和副詞的用法1）指時(shí)間主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)which/that賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。從句中有spend，remember，find，forget，fix，spare，kill，waste等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，先行詞在從句中多充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)when=in/on/atwhichPresentationDoyourememberthedayswhen/inwhichwestayedtogetherinthecountryside?（狀語(yǔ)）你記得我們一起住在鄉(xiāng)下的那些日子嗎？Doyourememberthedays（that/which）wespenttogetherinthecountryside?（賓語(yǔ)）你記得我們一起在鄉(xiāng)下度過(guò)的那些日子嗎？Presentation2）Canyoutellmethenameoftheschoolwhere/inwhichyoustudy?（狀語(yǔ)）你能告訴我你上的那所學(xué)校的名字嗎？Thevillagewhich/thatwevisitedisbyalargelake.（賓語(yǔ)）我們?cè)瓉?lái)參觀的那個(gè)村子緊靠一座大湖。指地點(diǎn)主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)which/that賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。從句中有visit，find，reach，callat等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)where=in/atwhich。先行詞為case，situation，condition時(shí)，常用where。Presentation3）Whatwasthereasonwhy/forwhichyouwerelatetoday?（狀語(yǔ)）你今天遲到是什么原因？Thisisthereasonwhich/thattheboymadeup.（賓語(yǔ)）這是那個(gè)男孩編造的原因。指原因主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)which/that賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。從句中有g(shù)ive，find，makeup，thinkof等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)why=forwhichPresentationThatisthewaythat/inwhichtheylive.（狀語(yǔ)）那就是他們的生活方式。Pleaseshowusthewaywhich/thatyouhavethoughtof.（賓語(yǔ)）請(qǐng)把你想出的方法給我們展示下。指方式主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)which/that賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。從句中有thinkof，discover，find等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)that/inwhich可以不用關(guān)系詞。4）PresentationThegirlwhowasillyesterdaycomestoschooltoday.昨天生病的那個(gè)女孩今天來(lái)上學(xué)了。2.關(guān)于先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞窒刃性~在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞钟蓮木涞木渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)決定。一般有如下規(guī)則。①主語(yǔ)先行詞是從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或狀態(tài)的主體。PresentationThemoneythatIgavemymotherlastweekwasstolenlastnight.我上周交給媽媽的錢(qián)昨天晚上被盜了。②賓語(yǔ)先行詞是從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。從句中的及物動(dòng)詞或介詞沒(méi)有帶賓語(yǔ)。有時(shí)接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞只帶有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)也屬這種情形。PresentationTheyoungmanbecomesapoliceman,whichhehasbeenlongingtobe.那位年輕人當(dāng)了警察，這是他一直所盼望的。③表語(yǔ)從句中有連系動(dòng)詞，先行詞表示主語(yǔ)的特性。That’sthemanwhosewifediedlastSunday.（定語(yǔ)）這位就是上周星期天死了妻子的那個(gè)人。④定語(yǔ)先行詞的所有格可以與被修飾的名詞搭配。PresentationThehospitalwheremyfatherworksisinthesouthofthecity.（狀語(yǔ)）我爸爸工作的那家醫(yī)院位于城南。⑤狀語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，只缺動(dòng)詞的修飾成分。PresentationTheyarebooksthathavebeengivenawaybytheteachers.它們都是老師們捐贈(zèng)的書(shū)。Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingyesterdayalwayshelpsdothehouseworkfortheoldman.昨天在會(huì)上受表?yè)P(yáng)的那位學(xué)生總是幫著老人干家務(wù)。3.關(guān)系代詞的數(shù)關(guān)系代詞指代前面的先行詞，所以它的數(shù)與先行詞的“數(shù)”保持一致。Spotlight1.怎樣正確使用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞（副詞）承擔(dān)著連接作用、指代作用和句法作用三項(xiàng)功能。關(guān)系代詞（副詞）的正確使用有賴(lài)以下兩個(gè)方面。①先行詞的指代。先行詞的指代分為人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等。Spotlight②先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞旨搓P(guān)系代詞（副詞）在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑褐髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。在分析先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謺r(shí)，應(yīng)注意從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。若從句缺主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，就用關(guān)系代詞；若從句不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，就用關(guān)系副詞。SpotlightDoyoustillrememberthedays

that/which

wespentlastsummerinthecountryside?你還記得我們?nèi)ツ晗奶煸卩l(xiāng)下度過(guò)的那些日子嗎？Doyoustillrememberthedayswhen/inwhichwestayedtogetherlastsummerinthecountryside?你還記得我們?nèi)ツ晗奶煸卩l(xiāng)下一起住的那些日子嗎？?jī)删涞南刃性~均指代時(shí)間句1中的thedays在定語(yǔ)從句中作spend的賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that或which，可省略;句2中的thedays在從句中作stay的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用when或inwhich12SpotlightHaveyoucalledtheprofessorfromHunanUniversity,whowillgiveusareportonthePartyhistory?你給那位要給我們作黨史報(bào)告的湖南大學(xué)的教授打電話了嗎？Thebabyissleepingsoundlynow,whowasthrownbyitsparentsthenightbeforelast.前天晚上被其父母丟棄的那個(gè)嬰兒睡得正香。2.Thedaysaregoneforeverwhenwewerelookeddownupon.我們被瞧不起的日子一去不復(fù)返了。由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題或先行詞有別的修飾語(yǔ)等問(wèn)題，定語(yǔ)從句和它被修飾的先行詞被分開(kāi)了，這種現(xiàn)象叫做分裂式定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)而謂語(yǔ)過(guò)短時(shí)，常用這種定語(yǔ)從句。Spotlight3.ThatistheplacewhereIonceworkedandwhichtheyvisitedlastweek.這就是我曾經(jīng)工作過(guò)的地方，也是他們上周參觀的地方。一個(gè)先行詞同時(shí)受到兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的定語(yǔ)從句的修飾，這樣的定語(yǔ)從句叫做多重定語(yǔ)從句。Myfriendsaidhewouldrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogetherandwhichheregardasthehappiestinhislife.我朋友說(shuō)他會(huì)記住我們呆在一起的那些日子，他認(rèn)為那段時(shí)間是他一生中最快樂(lè)的。Isshethegirlwholovesyouandwhomyoulove,too?她是否就是愛(ài)你、你也愛(ài)她的那位姑娘嗎？Practice1.Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime

heshouldbeabletobeindependent.A.which B.where C.whom D.when答案：D。先行詞為時(shí)間，且在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。2.Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere______hisemployeesenioytheirwork. A.where B.which C.when D.who答案：A。關(guān)系代詞表示“在這種氛圍下”，用where。鏈接高考Practice3.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork_____agoodimpressionisamust.（2014江蘇）A.whichB.whenC.asD.where答案：D。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是work，定語(yǔ)從句agoodimpressionisamust的句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整，所以使用關(guān)系副詞在句中做狀語(yǔ)。

4.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks_______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.（2013北京）A.when B.which C.whose D.where答案：D。定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主干成分，故使用關(guān)系副詞；先行詞指地點(diǎn)，故選where。Practice用定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全下列句子1.Thebook_________________________（封面掉了的）belongstoMary.2.Showmethebook____________________________________（你從圖書(shū)室借的）.3.Whoisthegirl______________________（幫過(guò)你父母的）whentheywereinBeijing?4.Thepostoffice____________________（上次我們買(mǎi)了郵票）isnotfarfrommyhome.隨堂練習(xí)Practice用定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全下列句子5.MrWhite__________________________________（你在學(xué)校圖書(shū)室遇到的）isourEnglishteacher.6.That’smyfather,____________________.（他在我市一所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)教書(shū)）.7.HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhou,________________________（它是廣東省的省會(huì)）?8.Theman____________________（你在那個(gè)晚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)的）isafamouswriter.隨堂練習(xí)Practice答案1.whosecoverislost/thecoverofwhichislost2.（that/which）youhaveborrowedfromthelibrary3.thathelpedyourparents4.whereweboughtstamps5.（whom/that/who）youmetattheschoollibrary6.whoteachesinakeyschoolinourcity7.whichisthecapitalofGuangdongProvince8.（who/whom/that）yougottoknowatthepartyPractice選擇填空1.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm__________wevisitedthreemonthsago?（北京春2005）A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what2.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?—Thereisnooneelse__________,isthere?（北京2005）A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturnPractice3.Lastmonth,partofSouthernAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from__________effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.（天津2005）A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what4.Ifashophaschairs__________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.（上海2005）A.thatB.whichC.whenD.wherePractice5.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoft