高中英語必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration 詞匯習(xí) 3 + 語篇訓(xùn)練 (教師版)高一英語新教材知識講

Unit4SpaceExploration詞匯學(xué)習(xí)3+語篇訓(xùn)練(教師版)【新教材精創(chuàng)】2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語新教材知識講學(xué)(人教版必修第三冊)Step1詞匯運用檢測Task1CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthisunitaccordingtotheChinesemeaning.Theformercolonialpossessionsarenowindependentstates.以前的許多殖民地現(xiàn)已成為獨立的國家。

2.Spacecrafthavealreadytraveledtootherplanets.宇宙飛船已游覽了別的行星。3.Thespacecraftisorbitingthemoon.宇宙飛船正繞月球飛行。4.Aspacewalkmissionhasbeensuccessfullycompleted.成功完成太空漫步。5.Chinaplanstobroadcastthespacewalkonlivetelevision.

中國計劃對太空漫步進行實況電視轉(zhuǎn)播。6.It'sacollectionofChinesejade.這是收藏的一批中國玉器。7.Thesewineglassesweresoldathalfpricebecauseofblemishesinthejade.

這些酒杯半價出售，因為玉上有瑕疵。8.Theship'shullscrapedalongthesideofthedock.船行時船身擦著碼頭的邊。9.Thecruiseshipisstrikeboundinthedock.巡洋艦因罷工而停泊在碼頭上。10.Herowedupthecanallookingforaplacetodocktheboat.他在運河里劃船，尋找一個碼頭泊船。Theferryisexpectedtodockat6.渡船預(yù)計在6點?？看a頭。Aredlampisoftenadangersignal.紅燈常常是危險的信號。Icorrectedmywatchbythetimesignal.我按報時信號校正我的表。Thepolicesignaledthetraffictomoveforwardslowly.警察向來往車輛打信號，示意緩慢前行。Thesubmarinesignaledforhelp.潛水艇發(fā)出求救的信號。Task2單句語法填空Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthat/whichbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworldaremadetoahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvanced(advance)technologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologieshavehelpedtheresearchanddevelopment(develop)ofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularly(regular)use.Today,spacetechnologiesarewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoampillows,andsmartphonecamerasarechangingourlives.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworldsproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanetsresourcesarelimited.Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasing(increase)population,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture,humansmayliveonbothplanets.Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovide(provide)newandbettersolutionstopeople’sshort-termandlong-termproblems.Ihopewecanseeeyetoeyeabouttheothertermsoftheagencythen.Onethingyoucan'trecycleiswasted(waste)time.

14.Thecontraction(construct)ofmuscleisareactionofthebody.

15.Herdecisionseemstoshowalackofpolitical(politics)judgement.

Task3選詞填空完成句子。recyclesolarotherwisecurrentsoastosufficienttowelfigureoutfloatlackWewenttoschoolsoastohaveameeting.

2.Weshouldtrytorecycleallourwastepaper.

3.Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolackconfidence.

4.Theseplantsfloatonthesurfaceofthewater.

5.Seizethechance,otherwiseyou'llregretit.

6.Thesunisthecenterofoursolarsystem.

7.Howlongwillshekeephercurrentjob?

8.Ican'tfigureoutwhyheisabsent.

9.ThemoneyIhavesavedissufficientforbuyingacar.

10.Idrymyhandsandfacewiththetowel.

Task4Translation.Thewordsandexpressionsinthebracketsmayhelpyou.他在那次比賽中拉傷了肌肉。(strain;muscle)Hestrainedhismuscleinthematch.

2.沒有足夠的水使船漂浮起來。(float)Thereisnotenoughwatertofloattheship.

3.通貨膨脹率已經(jīng)超過了8%。(inflation;beyond)Thelevelofinflationhasgonebeyond8%.

4.這種深奧的哲理我可無法理解。(philosophicalsubtlety;beyondone’sreach)Suchphilosophicalsubtletiesarebeyondmyreach.

5.太陽系是四十五億年前形成的。(solarsystem)Thesolarsystemwasformed4.5billionyearsago.

6.我琢磨不透他為什么要辭掉工作。(figureout)Ican'tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.

7.目前的趨勢是穿著比較隨便。(current;informal)Thecurrenttrendistowardsinformalclothing.我懷疑他們是否真有足夠的人力。(sufficient;manpower)Idoubtwhethertheyreallyhavesufficientmanpower.

9.肥皂從我手上滑落了。(soap;slip)Thesoapslippedoutofmyhand.

10.這種植物能在地球上許多地方生長。(globe)Thisplantcangrowinmanypartsoftheglobe.

Step2語篇提升訓(xùn)練ATheyearwas1999.Iwas18，livingwithfriendsinatownaboutanhournorthofMilwaukee.Desperateforadventure，weoftentalkedabouthaunted(鬧鬼的)locations，andevenwanderedaroundthewoodsnearRienziCemetery.SowhenafriendsharedastoryaboutanabandonedhousejustdowntheroadfromRienzi，howcouldIpossiblyresist?Thegroupofusjumpedinthecarandheadedoffintothewildunknown，completelyunawareofthemisfortunethatwouldsoonbefallus.Thehousewasisolated，overgrownandbarelyvisiblefromtheroad.Mostofitswindowswerebroken.Itseemedcompletelyneglectedexceptthelockeddooranda“NOENTRY”signoutside.Howwouldanyonenotice，orpossiblyevencare，ifwewentinandlookedaround?Westoleinside，hopingforanythingtoprovethelegend.Nothingvaluablewasfounduntilanoldletter，addressedtoaMr.J.Witherell，caughtmyeye.Itspaperwasstiffandyellowed.Excitedbythephysicalevidence，Islippedtheletterintomybackpocket.IwasabouttoexitthehousewhenInoticedfiretrucksandpolicecarsliningupoutontheroad.Whilemostofuswereexploringthehouse，oneofusmanagedtoknockafiredetectorofftheceiling，whichtriggeredanautomatedalarmatthefiredepartment.Iquicklyalertedtheothers，buttherewouldbenoescape.Afteramomentofpanic，wedecidedtogooutsideandfacethemusic.Toavoidatheftcharge，Ilefttheletterwhereitwasbeforesteppingoutside.Theresult?Notonlydidweallgetfinedforentering，wewererequiredtopayforpropertydamagetotaling$1,500each—toomuchforustoafford.Forsomanyyears，Ihavebeenwondering：Whyisthedesertedhousesoheavilyprotectedwithdetectorsandothersecuritymeasures?Whyisthepropertyregularlymaintained?What'sthestorybehindthatmysteriousletter?語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者和幾個伙伴去一間廢棄房屋探險的故事。他們其中一個人把一個火災(zāi)探測器從天花板上碰了下來，觸發(fā)了自動消防警報引來警察和消防員，最后大家都受到了懲罰。1．Whatdidtheshabbyappearanceofthehouseseemtoremindthekids?A．Theywouldhavenotroubleenteringit.B．Theirentrywouldbringthemasurprise.C．Theirentrywoulddisturbtheneighbors.D．Theirbehaviorwouldbenoticedbyitsowner.A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Howwouldanyonenotice，orpossiblyevencare，ifwewentinandlookedaround？”可知，房屋的破爛外表讓他們認為如果進去四處看看也沒有誰會注意到，甚至沒人會在意。故選A項。]2．Whydidtheauthorattempttotaketheletteraway?A．Itmightrevealwhohadbeenmaintainingthehouse.B．Itmighthelpuncoverthemysteryoftheabandonedhouse.C．Itmusthavebeenwrittentodiscloseatragedy.D．Itwastheevidenceofthehousebeingheavilyprotected.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Westoleinside，hopingforanythingtoprovethelegend.”和“Excitedbythephysicalevidence，Islippedtheletterintomybackpocket.”可知，作者和伙伴們走進屋里，希望有東西能證明房子的秘密，直到作者發(fā)現(xiàn)一封信。作者認為這就是物證，因此想把它帶走，希望它能夠幫助揭開這所廢棄房子的秘密，故選B項。B項中的uncoverthemystery意為“揭露秘密”。]3．Whatledthepolicecarsandfiretruckstoarrivesoquickly?A．Thepoliceofficerswerecheckingthere.B．Thehouseownerreportedtothepolice.C．Thepolicecarswerepassingbyaccident.D．Someonesetoffthefirealarmsystem.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，他們中的一個人竟把火災(zāi)探測器從天花板上碰了下來，從而觸發(fā)了自動消防警報。故選D項。]4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theemptyhousehasbeenunderstrictprotection.B．Theauthorwonderswhytheygotfined.C．Nomaintenanceofthehouseisconductedregularly.D．Thereismuchmysteryabouttheabandonedhouse.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，關(guān)于那座廢棄的房子，依然有很多謎團，故選D項。]BLivingwithyourparentshasitsbenefitsatleastwhenitcomestoraisingyourkids—theirgrandkids.Twonewstudiesaddtotheevidencethatgrandmotherscanenhancethesurvivalofgrandchildren.Thatis，unlessthegrandma'stoooldorlivestoofaraway.Humansareunusualinthatthefemaleslivelongpasttheageatwhichtheystophavingbabies.PatrickBergeron，professorofbiologyatBishop'sUniversityinQuebec，saidthatmostoftheorganismswillreproduceuptotheirverylastmoment.Thisincreaseisoftenexplainedbythesocalled“grandmothereffect”.Hethinkstherecouldstillbeabenefitforwomenwhostophavingbabiestoincreasetheirgeneticfootprintbyhelpingtheirdaughterstoraiselargerfamilies.Toexplorethe“grandmothereffect”hypothesis(假設(shè))，Bergeronandhiscolleaguesexaminednearly200years'worthofFrench-Canadianpopulationrecordsfromthe17thand18thcenturies.“Atthetime，lifewastough.Insomeyears，athirdofthekidswerenotevenmakingittooneyearofage.”Buttheresearchersfoundthathavingagrandmotherstillalivewasadefiniteplus.“Familieswithgrandmothersalivewerelargerbyabouttwoandthesurvivalofthesegrandchildrentoage15wasmuchimproved.”Thisbeneficialeffectwasonlyseenwhenthematriarchs(女家長)livednearby.Thatroleistoughertofulfillastheygetolderinpoorhealth，whichbringsustothesecondstudy.Theresearchersfoundthatthebenefitsassociatedwithhavingagrandmotheronhanddependedonherage.OncetheGrandmahit75，thegrandchildsurvivalbenefitdisappeared.Thiswasalmostcertainlyduetosomeformofindirectresourcecompetition，though，ratherthanwickedness(邪惡)onthepartofcoresidentgrandmothers.Soahealthygrandmahelpsmakeforahealthygrandchild.If“overtheriverandthroughthewoodstograndmother'shouse”isn'ttoolongatrip.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，有外祖母在身邊是有好處的。但其好處取決于她的年齡，一旦她到了75歲，外孫的生存優(yōu)勢就消失了。5．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Differencesbetweenanimalsandhumanbeings.B．Disadvantagesoflivingwithgrandmothers.C．Grandmothers'influenceonthekids.D．What'scalledthe“grandmothereffect”．D[考查段落大意。通讀第二段可知，該段第三句“Thisincreaseisoftenexplainedbythesocalled‘grandmothereffect'”為主題句；結(jié)合全段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了什么是“外祖母效應(yīng)”，故D項正確。]6．HowdoesthewriterdescribethesituationoftheFrench-Canadianpopulationmorethanthreehundredyearsago?A．Byvoicingopinions.B．Byprovidingfacts.C．Bygivingexamples.D．Bytellingstories.B[考查寫作手法。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者提供了有關(guān)十七世紀和十八世紀法裔加拿大人的人口記錄的研究情況——那時的生活很艱難，在一些年份，三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一歲。但外祖母還健在的家庭其人口增加了兩個，這些外孫活到15歲的概率也大大提高。據(jù)此可知，作者是通過陳述事實來描述法裔加拿大人的人口情況的，故B項正確。]7．Whatcanweinferfromthesecondstudy?A．Societyshouldbeconcernedabouttheoldwomen.B．Grandmothersover75yearsoldareunwillingtohelp.C．Somegrandmothersmayoccupykids'relativeresources.D．Somegrandmothersaregettingwickedaftertheyareold.C[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“OncetheGrandmahit75...onthepartofcoresidentgrandmothers”可知，外祖母一旦到了75歲，其外孫的生存優(yōu)勢就消失了；幾乎可以肯定的是，這是由于某種形式的間接資源競爭，而不是共同居住的外祖母的惡意。據(jù)此可以推斷，年齡較大的外祖母可能占用了孩子們的相關(guān)資源，從而導(dǎo)致外孫的生存優(yōu)勢消失，故C項正確。]8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethemosthelpfulgrandmotheraccordingtothepassage?A．Ahealthyonelivingnearby.B．Ahealthyonelivingabroad.C．Anoldonelivinginanursinghome.D．Aknowledgeableonelivingtogether.A[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，外祖母能提高外孫的存活率，除非外祖母年紀太大或者住得太遠。又結(jié)合最后一段的內(nèi)容可以推斷，居住在附近的健康外祖母是最有幫助的外祖母，故A項正確。]Task2七選五Makingotherpeoplefeelgoodfeelsgood，and，bestofall，itrequireslittlemorethanagenerousheart.Studiesshowthatpeoplefeelhappierwhentheydosomethingkindforanotherperson，andbothrecipientsandgooddeeddoerscangetthebenefits.ItisasmartideatocreatethisWorldKindnessDay.1·Learnafriend'slanguage.Pickingupabitofafriendorcoworker'sfirstlanguageandspeakingitwiththemshowthemthatyoucareandtakeaninterestintheirexperiences.Makingsomeonefeelincludedandrespectedwillgivesomeoneagreatersenseofbelonging，anessentialcomponentofhappiness.·2Reachingouttosomeoneforthefirsttimeinalongtimecanbeaninstantremedy(治療)forwhatevertroublesyou.It'sassimpleasatext，anoteoraFaceTimecall.Letsomeoneknowyou'rethinkingofthem，evenaftersometimeapart.Studiessuggeststrongbondscanimprovephysicalhealth，too.·Genuinelycompliment(贊美)someone.Arespectfulcommentthatcomesfromtheheartaboutsomeone'suniquehairstyle，excellentperformanceinaconcertortheirgreatsolutiontoaproblematworkmightbeallittakestoimprovesomeone'smood.3·Collecttrashyouseearoundyourneighborhood.Pickinguptrashandrecyclablesoffthe