建筑學(xué)常見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)詞匯

建筑學(xué)常用英文詞匯designbasis設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù)

籌劃建議書(shū)planningproposals[pr?'p??z(?)l]

設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)designorder

原則規(guī)范standardsandcodes

條件圖informationdrawing

設(shè)計(jì)基本資料basicdatafordesign

工藝流程圖processflowchart

工程地質(zhì)資料engineeringgeologicaldata

原始資料original[?'r?d??nl]data

設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)度schedule['sk?d?ul]ofdesign

b.stageofdesign設(shè)計(jì)階段

方案scheme[ski?m],draft

草圖sketch

會(huì)談紀(jì)要summaryofdiscussion

談判negotiation[n?,ɡo??'e??n]

可行性研究feasibility[fi?z?'b?l?t?]study

初步設(shè)計(jì)preliminary[pr?'l?m?n(?)r?]design

基本設(shè)計(jì)basicdesign

具體設(shè)計(jì)detaildesign

詢(xún)價(jià)圖enquiry[?n'kwa?r?]drawing

施工圖workingdrawing,constructiondrawing

竣工圖as-builtdrawing

c.climatecondition氣象條件

日照sunshine

風(fēng)玫瑰windrose

主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向prevailing[pr?'ve?l??]winddirection

最大(平均)風(fēng)速maximum(mean)windvelocity[v?'l?s?t?]

風(fēng)荷載windload

最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall

雷擊及閃電thunderandlightning

颶風(fēng)hurricane[h?r??ken]

臺(tái)風(fēng)typhoon[ta?'fu?n]

旋風(fēng)cyclone['sa?klon]

降雨強(qiáng)度rainfallintensity

年降雨量annual['?nju?l]rainfall

濕球溫度wetbulbtemperature

干球溫度drybulbtemperature

冰凍期frost[fr?st]period

冰凍線frostline

冰凍區(qū)frostzone

室外計(jì)算溫度calculatingoutdoortemperature

采暖地區(qū)regionwithheatingprovision[pr?'v??n]

不采暖地區(qū)regionwithoutheatingprovision

絕對(duì)大氣壓absoluteatmospheric[,?tm?s'f?r?k]pressure

相對(duì)濕度relativehumidity

d.generalroomname常用房間名稱(chēng)

辦公室office

服務(wù)用房serviceroom

換班室shiftroom

休息室restroom(breakroom)

起居室livingroom

浴室bathroom

淋浴間shower

更衣室lockerroom

廁所lavatory['l?v?t(?)r?]

門(mén)廳lobby['l?b?]

診室clinic['kl?n?k]

工作間workshop

電氣開(kāi)關(guān)室switchroom

走廊corridor['k?r?d??]

檔案室archive['ɑrka?v]

電梯機(jī)房liftmotorroom

車(chē)庫(kù)garage['g?rɑ?(d)?]

清潔間cleaningroom洗衣房/干洗房laundry['l??ndr?]room

會(huì)議室(正式)conference['kɑnf?r?ns]room

會(huì)議室meetingroom

衣柜間ward[w??d]robe[r??b]

暖風(fēng)間h.v.a.croom(HeatingVentilationAirConditioning)

飯店restaurant

餐廳canteen,diningroom

廚房kitchen

入口entrance

接待處receptionarea

會(huì)計(jì)室accountantroom

秘書(shū)室secretary['sekr?t(?)r?]room

電氣室electricalroom

控制室controlroom

工長(zhǎng)室foreman['f??m?n]office

開(kāi)關(guān)柜室switchgear[g??]

前室antecabinet['k?b?n?t](ante.)

生產(chǎn)區(qū)productionarea

馬達(dá)控制中心mcc(MotorControlCenter)

多功能用房utility[ju??t?l?t?]room

化驗(yàn)室laboratory['l?br?'t?ri]room

經(jīng)理室managerroom

披屋(閣樓)penthouse

警衛(wèi)室guard[ɡɑrd]house

e.roofingandceiling屋面及天棚

女兒墻parapet['p?r?p?t]

雨蓬canopy['k?n?p?]

屋脊roofridge[r?d?]

坡度slope

坡跨比pitch

分水線water-shed[?ed]

二氈三油2layersoffelt[felt]&3coatsofbitumastic[,bitju:'m?stik]瀝青砂膠

附加油氈一層extraply[pla?]厚度、板層offelt

檐口eave[i:v]

挑檐overhangingeave

檐溝eavegutter

平屋面flatroof

坡屋面pitchedroof

雨水管downspout['da?nspa?t],rainwaterpipe)(r.w.p)

匯水面積catchmentarea

泛水flashing

內(nèi)排水interiordrainage['dre?n?d?]

外排水exterior[?k'st?r??]drainage

滴水drip

屋面排水roofdrainage

找平層levelingcourse[k??s]

卷材屋面built-uproofing

天棚ceiling

檁條purlin['p??l?n]

屋面板roofingboard

天花板ceilingboard

防水層water-proofcourse

檢查孔inspection[?n'spek?n]hole

人孔manhole

吊頂suspended[s?'spendid]ceiling,false[f?ls]ceiling

檐板(窗簾盒)cornice['k??n?s]

f.wall(cladding)墻體(外墻板)

磚墻brickwall

砌塊墻blockwall

清水磚墻brickwallwithoutplastering

抹灰墻renderedwall

石膏板墻gypsumboard,plasterboard

空心磚墻hollowbrickwall

承重墻bearingwall

非承重墻non-bearingwall

縱墻longitudinalwall

橫墻transversewall

外墻external(exterior)wall

內(nèi)墻internal(interior)wall

填充墻fillerwall

防火墻firewall

窗間墻wallbetweenwindow

空心墻cavitywall

壓頂coping

圈梁gird,girt,girth

玻璃隔斷glazedwall

防潮層damp-proofcourse(d.p.c)

遮陽(yáng)板sunshade

陽(yáng)臺(tái)balcony

伸縮縫expansionjoint

沉降縫settlementjoint

抗震縫seismicjoint

復(fù)合夾心板sandwichboard

壓型單板corrugatedsinglesteelplate

外墻板claddingpanel

復(fù)合板compositepanel

輕質(zhì)隔斷l(xiāng)ight-weightpartition

牛腿bracket

磚煙囪brickchimney

勒腳(基座)plinth

g.floorandtrench地面及地溝

地坪grade

地面和樓面groundandfloor

素土夯實(shí)rammedearth

爐渣夯實(shí)tampedcinder

填土filledearth

回填土夯實(shí)tampedbackfill

墊層beddingcourse,blinding

面層covering,finish

結(jié)合層bonding(binding)course

找平層levelingcourse

素水泥漿結(jié)合層neatcementbindingcourse

混凝土地面concretefloor

水泥地面cementfloor

機(jī)器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor

水磨石地面terrazzoflooring

馬賽克地面mosaicflooring

瓷磚地面ceramictileflooring

油地氈地面linoleumflooring

預(yù)制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring

硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring

擱柵joist

硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring

企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring

防酸地面acid-resistantfloor

鋼筋混凝土樓板reinforcedconcreteslab(r.cslab)

乙烯基地面vinylflooring

水磨石嵌條dividerstripforterrazzo

地面做2％坡floorwith2%slope

集水溝gully

集水口gulley

排水溝drainagetrench

溝蓋板trenchcover

活動(dòng)蓋板removablecoverplate

集水坑sumppit

孔翻邊holeupstand

電纜溝cabletrench

h.doors,glass,windows&ironmongery(hardware)門(mén)、玻璃、窗及五金件

木(鋼)門(mén)wooden(steel)door

鑲板門(mén)panelleddoor

夾板門(mén)plywooddoor

鋁合金門(mén)aluminumalloydoor

卷簾門(mén)rollershutterdoor

彈簧門(mén)swingdoor

推拉門(mén)slidingdoor

平開(kāi)門(mén)side-hungdoor

折疊門(mén)foldingdoor

旋轉(zhuǎn)門(mén)revolvingdoor

玻璃門(mén)glazeddoor

密閉門(mén)air-tightdoor

保溫門(mén)thermalinsulatingdoor

鍍鋅鐵絲網(wǎng)門(mén)galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor

防火門(mén)firedoor

(大門(mén)上旳)小門(mén)wicket

門(mén)框doorframe

門(mén)扇doorleaf

門(mén)洞dooropening

構(gòu)造開(kāi)洞structuralopening

單扇門(mén)singledoor

雙扇門(mén)doubledoor

疏散門(mén)emergencydoor

紗門(mén)screendoor

門(mén)檻doorsill

門(mén)過(guò)梁doorlintel

上冒頭toprail

下冒頭bottomrail

門(mén)邊木stile

門(mén)樘側(cè)料sidejumb

槽口notch

木窗woodenwindow

鋼窗steelwindow

鋁合金窗aluminumalloywindow

百葉窗(通風(fēng)為主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)

塑鋼窗plasticsteelwindow

空腹鋼窗hollowsteelwindow

固定窗fixedwindow

平開(kāi)窗side-hungwindow

推拉窗slidingwindow

氣窗transom

上懸窗top-hungwindow

中懸窗center-pivotedwindow

下懸窗hopperwindow

活動(dòng)百葉窗adjustablelouver

天窗skylight

老虎窗dormerwindow

密封雙層玻璃sealeddoubleglazing

鋼筋混凝土過(guò)梁reinforcedconcretelintel

鋼筋磚過(guò)梁reinforcedbricklintel

窗扇casementsash

窗臺(tái)windowsill

窗臺(tái)板windowboard

窗中梃mullion

窗橫木mutin

窗邊木stile

壓縫條covermould

窗簾盒curtainbox

合頁(yè)(鉸鏈)hinge(butts)

轉(zhuǎn)軸pivot

長(zhǎng)腳鉸鏈parliamenthinge

閉門(mén)器doorcloser

地彈簧floorcloser

插銷(xiāo)bolt

門(mén)鎖doorlock

拉手pull

鏈條chain

門(mén)鉤doorhanger

碰球balllatch

窗鉤windowcatch

暗插銷(xiāo)insertbolt

電動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)器electricopener

平板玻璃plateglass

夾絲玻璃wireglass

透明玻璃clearglass

毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)

防彈玻璃bullet-proofglass

石英玻璃quartzglass

吸熱玻璃heatabsorbingglass

磨光玻璃polishedglass

著色玻璃pigmentedglass

玻璃瓦glasstile

玻璃磚glassblock

有機(jī)玻璃organicglass

i.staircase,landing&lift(elevator)樓梯、休息平臺(tái)及電梯

樓梯stair

樓梯間staircase

疏散梯emergencystair

旋轉(zhuǎn)梯spiralstair(circularstair)

吊車(chē)梯craneladder

直爬梯verticalladder

踏步step

扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)

踏步板tread

檔步板riser

踏步寬度treadwidth

防滑條non-slipinsert(strips)

欄桿railing(balustrade)

平臺(tái)欄桿platformrailing

吊裝孔欄桿railingaroundmountinghole

扶手handrail

梯段高度heightofflight

防護(hù)梯籠protectingcage(safetycage)

平臺(tái)landing(platform)

操作平臺(tái)operatingplatform

裝卸平臺(tái)platformforloading&unloading

樓梯平臺(tái)stairlanding

客梯passengerlift

貨梯goodslift

客/貨兩用梯goods/passengerlift

液壓電梯hydrauliclift

自動(dòng)扶梯escalator

觀光電梯observationelevator

電梯機(jī)房liftmortarroom

電梯坑liftpit

電梯井道liftshaft

j.buildingmaterialwordsandphrases建筑材料詞匯及短語(yǔ)

bricksandtiles磚和瓦

紅磚redbrick

粘土磚claybrick

瓷磚glazedbrick(ceramictile)

防火磚firebrick

空心磚hollowbrick

面磚facingbrick

地板磚flooringtile

缸磚clinkerybrick

馬賽克mosaic

陶?；炷羉eramsiteconcrete

琉璃瓦glazedtile

脊瓦ridgetile

石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)

波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheet

lime,sandandstone灰、砂和石

石膏gypsum

大理石marble

漢白玉whitemarble

花崗巖granite

碎石crushedstone

毛石rubble

蛭石vermiculite

珍珠巖pearlite

水磨石terrazzo

卵石cobble

礫石gravel

粗砂coursesand

中砂mediumsand

細(xì)砂finesand

cement,mortarandconcrete水泥、砂漿和混凝土

波特蘭水泥(一般硅酸鹽水泥)portlandcement

硅酸鹽水泥silicatecement

火山灰水泥pozzolanacement

白水泥whitecement

水泥砂漿cementmortar

石灰砂漿limemortar

水泥石灰砂漿(混合砂漿)cement-limemortar

保溫砂漿thermalmortar

防水砂漿water-proofmortar

耐酸砂漿acid-resistantmortar

耐堿砂漿alkaline-resistantmortar

瀝青砂漿bituminousmortar

紙筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar

麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar

灰縫mortarjoint

素混凝土plainconcrete

鋼筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete

輕質(zhì)混凝土lightweightconcrete

細(xì)石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete

瀝青混凝土asphaltconcrete

泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete

爐渣混凝土cinderconcrete

facingandplasteringmaterials飾面及粉刷材料

水刷石graniticplaster

斬假石artificialstone

刷漿limewash

可賽銀casein

大白漿whitewash

麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase

噴大白漿兩道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash

分格抹水泥砂漿cementmortarplastersectioned

板條抹灰lathandplaster

asphalt(bitumen)andasbestos瀝青和石棉

瀝青卷材asphaltfelt

瀝青填料asphaltfiller

瀝青膠泥asphaltgrout

冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer

瀝青瑪啼脂asphalticmastic

瀝青麻絲bitumasticoakum

石棉板asbestossheet

石棉纖維asbestosfiber

timber木材

裂縫crack

透裂split

環(huán)裂shake

干縮shrinkage

翹曲warping

原木log

圓木roundtimber

方木squaretimber

板材plank

木條batten

板條lath

木板board

紅松redpine

白松whitepine

落葉松deciduouspine

云杉spruce

柏木cypress

白楊whitepoplar

樺木birch

冷杉fir

櫟木oak

榴木willow

榆木elm

杉木cedar

柚木teak

樟木camphorwood

防腐解決旳木材preservative-treatedlumber

膠合板plywood

三(五)合板3(5)-plywood

企口板tonguedandgroovedboard

層夾板laminatedplank

膠合層夾木材glue-laminatedlumber

纖維板fiber-board

竹子bamboo

metallicmaterials金屬材料

黑色金屬ferrousmetal

圓鋼steelbbar

方鋼squaresteel

扁鋼steelstrap,flatsteel

型鋼steelsection(shape)

槽鋼channel

角鋼anglesteel

等邊角鋼equal-legangle

不等邊角鋼unequal-legangle

工字鋼i-beam

寬翼緣工字鋼wideflangei-beam

丁(之)字鋼t-bar(z-bar)

冷彎薄壁型鋼lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape

熱軋hot-rolled

冷軋cold-rolled

冷拉cold-drawn

冷壓cold-pressed

合金鋼alloysteel

鈦合金titaniumalloy

不銹鋼stainlesssteel

竹節(jié)鋼筋corrugatedsteelbar

變形鋼筋deformedbar

光圓鋼筋plainroundbar

鋼板steelplate

薄鋼板thinsteelplate

低碳鋼lowcarbonsteel

冷彎coldbending

鋼管steelpipe(tube)

無(wú)縫鋼管seamlesssteelpipe

焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe

黑鐵管ironpipe

鍍鋅鋼管galvanizedsteelpipe

鑄鐵castiron

生鐵pigiron

熟鐵wroughtiron

鍍鋅鐵皮galvanizedsteelsheet

鍍鋅鐵絲galvanizedsteelwire

鋼絲網(wǎng)steelwiremesh

多孔金屬網(wǎng)expandedmetal

錳鋼managanesesteel

高強(qiáng)度合金鋼highstrengthalloysteel

non-ferrousmetal有色金屬

金gold

白金platinum

銅copper

黃銅brass

青銅bronze

銀silver

鋁aluminum

鉛lead

anti-corrosionmaterials防腐蝕材料

聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene

尼龍nylon

聚氯乙烯pvc(polyvinylchloride)

聚碳酸酯polycarbonate

聚苯乙烯polystyrene

丙烯酸樹(shù)酯acrylicresin

乙烯基酯vinylester

橡膠內(nèi)襯rubberlining

氯丁橡膠neoprene

瀝青漆bitumenpaint

環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂漆epoxyresinpaint

氧化鋅底漆zincoxideprimer

防銹漆anti-rustpaint

耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint

耐堿漆alkali-resistantpaint

水玻璃sodiumsilicate

樹(shù)脂砂漿resin-bondedmortar

環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂epoxyresin

buildinghardware建筑五金

釘子nails

螺紋屋面釘spiral-threadedroofingnail

環(huán)紋石膏板釘annular-ringgypsumboardnail

螺絲screws

平頭螺絲flat-headscrew

螺栓bolt

一般螺栓commercialbolt

高強(qiáng)螺栓highstrengthbolt

預(yù)埋螺栓insertbolt

脹錨螺栓cinchbolt

墊片washer

paint油漆

底漆primer

防銹底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer

防腐漆anti-corrosionpaint

調(diào)和漆mixedpaint

無(wú)光漆flatpaint

透明漆varnish

銀粉漆aluminumpaint

磁漆enamelpaint

干性油dryingoil

稀釋劑thinner

焦油tar

瀝青漆asphaltpaint

桐油tungoil,chinesewoodoil

紅丹redlead

鉛油leadoil

膩?zhàn)觩utty

k.otherarchitecturalterms其他建筑術(shù)語(yǔ)

discipline專(zhuān)業(yè)

建筑architecture

土木civil

給排水watersupplyanddrainage

總圖plotplan

采暖通風(fēng)h.v.a.c(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)

電力供應(yīng)electricpowersupply

電氣照明electriclighting

電訊telecommunication

儀表instrument

熱力供應(yīng)heatpowersupply

動(dòng)力mechanicalpower

工藝processtechnology

管道piping

conventionalterms一般通用名詞

建筑原理architectonics

建筑形式architecturalstyle

民用建筑civilarchitecture

都市建筑urbanarchitecture

農(nóng)村建筑ruralarchitecture

農(nóng)業(yè)建筑farmbuilding

工業(yè)建筑industrialbuilding

重工業(yè)旳heavyindustrial

輕工業(yè)旳lightindustrial

古代建筑ancientarchitecture

現(xiàn)代建筑modernarchitecture

原則化建筑standardizedbuildings

附屬建筑auxiliarybuildings

都市規(guī)劃cityplanning

廠區(qū)內(nèi)withinsite

廠區(qū)外offsite

封閉式closedtype

開(kāi)敞式opentype

半開(kāi)敞式semi-opentype

模數(shù)制modularsystem

單位造價(jià)unitcost

概算preliminaryestimate

承包商constructor,contractor

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)site

擴(kuò)建extension

改建reconstruction

防火fire-prevention

防震aseismatic,quake-proof

防腐anti-corrosion

防潮dump-proof

防水water-proof

防塵dust-proof

防銹rust-proof

車(chē)流量trafficvolume

貨流量freighttrafficvolume

人流量pedestrianvolume

透視圖perspectivedrawing

建筑模型buildingmodel

architecturalphysics建筑物理

照明illumination

照度degreeofillumination

亮度brightness

日照sunshine

天然采光naturallighting

光強(qiáng)lightintensity

側(cè)光sidelight

頂光toplight

眩光glaze

方位角azimuth

輻射radiation

對(duì)流convection

傳導(dǎo)conduction

遮陽(yáng)sun-shade

保溫thermalinsulation

恒溫constanttemperature

恒濕constanthumidity

噪音noise

隔音sound-proof

吸音soundabsorption

露點(diǎn)dewpoint

隔汽vapor-proof

nameofprofessionalrole職務(wù)名稱(chēng)

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理projectmanager(pm)

設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)理designmanager

首席建筑師principalarchitect

總工程師chiefengineer

土木工程師civilengineer

工藝工程師processengineer

電氣工程師electricalengineer

機(jī)械工程師mechanicalengineer

籌劃工程師planningengineer

助理工程師assistantengineer

實(shí)習(xí)生probationer

專(zhuān)家specialist,expert

制圖員draftsman

技術(shù)員technician

drafting制圖

總闡明generalspecification

工程闡明projectspecification

采用原則規(guī)范目錄listofstandardsandspecificationadopted

圖紙目錄listofdrawings

平面圖plan

局部放大圖detailwithenlargedscale

．．．平面示意圖schematicplanof...

．．．平剖面圖sectionalplanof...

留孔平面圖planofprovisionofholes

剖面section

縱剖面longitudinalsection

橫剖面cross(transverse)section

立面elevation

正立面frontelevation

透視圖perspectivedrawing

側(cè)立面sideelevation

背立面backelevation

詳圖detaildrawings

典型節(jié)點(diǎn)typicaldetail

節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)detailno.

首頁(yè)frontpage

圖紙目錄及闡明listofcontentsanddescription

圖例legend

示意圖diagram

草圖sketch

荷載簡(jiǎn)圖loaddiagram

流程示意圖flowdiagram

原則圖standarddrawing

．．．布置圖layoutof...

地形圖topographicalmap

土方工程圖earth-workdrawing

展開(kāi)圖developeddrawing

模板圖formworkdrawing

配筋arrangementofreinforcement

表格tables

工程進(jìn)度表workingschedule

技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)technicalandeconomicalindex

建、