遼寧省朝陽市凌源市2022-2023學年高二上學期第一次月考英語試題（解析版）

第19頁/共19頁2022~2023學年凌源市高二年級第一次月考英語第一部分聽力第一節(jié)1.Wheredidthemanleavehisbicycle?A.Byatree.B.Byastreetlight.C.Inthemiddleoftheroad.2.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodo?A.Playbasketball.B.Goswimming.C.Playtennis.3.Wheremaytheconversationtakeplace?A.Intherestaurant.B.Intheoffice.C.Atthewoman'shome.4.Whatdoesthemanprobablyadvisethewomantodo?A.Giveupthemathclass.B.Changethewaitinglist.C.Keepontrying.5.Inwhichcountrydidthemanbeginhiscycletrip?A.Spain.B.France.C.Switzerland.第二節(jié)聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewoman'soriginaldream?A.Anurse.B.Achemist.C.Atraindriver.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherpresentwork?A.Rewarding.B.Well-paid.C.Dangerous.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?A.Swaminthelake.B.Wentonahike.C.Studiedinarestaurant.9.Whatdidthemanhelpthewomando?A.Buysomenewspapers.B.Pickupherchildren.C.Waterherplants.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What'stheadvantageofelectriccarsoverthepetrolones?A.Cheaper.B.Cleaner.C.Faster.11.Whyisthemanworriedaboutthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Itmaycausemoretrafficjams.B.Itmayaffectthesalesofpetrolcars.C.Itmaybehardtofindparkingplaces.12.WhatistheprobleminMelbourneaccordingtothetext?A.Lackoffreepublictransport.B.Toomanypetrolcars.C.Badpublictransport.聽第9段材料.回答第13至16題。13.Whodoesthewomanwantasameplanwith?A.Theman.B.Hersister.C.Herfriend.14.Whatservicedoesthewomanwantmost?A.Voicemailboxservice.B.Freelongdistancecallservice.C.Playingasmanysongsaspossible.15.HowmuchistheserviceofPlanC?A.$5permonth.B.$10permonth.C.$15permonth.16.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sisterandbrother.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Customerandsalesman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.HowtoimproveEnglish.B.WhypeoplelearnEnglish.C.Whattochooseforlearners.18.Howmanyaspectsdoesmostlanguagesstudyinclude?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Howdoesthespeakerfindreadingnewspapers?A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Useless.20.What'sthebenefitofwatchingnewsinEnglish?A.Itishelpfulfortheuseofbodylanguage.B.Itcanhelptocorrectourpronunciation.C.Itisgoodforbroadeningourhorizons.第二部分閱讀理解AEveryfouryears,theWinterOlympicssurpriseuswithmanynewincredibleathletes.Here'salookatthebiggeststarsfromtheBeijingGames.EileenGu,China,freestyleskiingGu,18,wasundoubtedlyoneofthebiggeststarsthroughouttheOlympics.Oneofjusttwoathletestocompeteinallthreefreestyleskiingevents,Gubroughthomeagoldinbigairandhalfpipeandasilverinslopestyle.ThatmadeherthefirstfreeskiathletetowinthreemedalsinasingleGames.Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskatingThe25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen's5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently(隨后)publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.VanderPoelnearlyquitspeedskatingafteradisappointing2018Olympics.HejoinedtheSwedisharmyforabasicrangercoursebeforereturningtotheicein2019.Now,he'satwo-timeOlympicgoldmedalist.ChloeKim,USA,snowboardingThe21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen'shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames."Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,"Kimsaidaftertheevent.TheAmericanstarisnowatwo-timegoldmedalist,andatherage,shecouldcontinueforyearstocomeifshewantsto.NathanChen,USA,figureskatingChenhelpedtheUSwinbronzeintheteameventin2018beforeaneventbetterruninBeijing.TeamUSAclaimedsilverintheteamevent,andthe22-yearoldChenwongoldinthemen'ssinglescompetition.ThatgoldmedalcameafterwinningsinglesgoldinthreestraightWorldChampionships(2018,2019,2021).1.Whoistheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiing?A.ChloeKim. B.NilsvanderPoel. C.EileenGu. D.NathanChen.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNilsvanderPoel?A.HeisanAmerican. B.Hesharedhiswaystowininsports.C.Heneverlefticesports. D.Hedidwellin2018Olympics.3.WhendidChloeKimwinthefirstOlympicgold?A.Attheageof17. B.Attheageof20.C.Attheageof21. D.Attheageof25.BInFebruary,Dr.RobertLefkowitzpublishedamemoir(回憶錄)calledAFunnyThingHappenedontheWaytoStockholm:TheAdrenaline-FueledAdventuresofanAccidentalScientist.Asaphysicianandbiochemist,LefkowitzisaprofessorofbiochemistryandchemistryattheDukeUniversityMedicalCenterinDurham,NorthCarolina.Inarecentconversationviavideo,Lefkowitzsaidthathewantedhismemoirtobe"funny,interesting,andeasytounderstand".Inthebook,LefkowitzhumorouslydescribeshisJourneyfromacardiologist(oraheartdoctor)toabiochemist.Lefkowitz'sdreamofbecomingadoctorbeganwhenhewaseightyearsoldandgrowingupintheBronxofNewYorkCity.Afterhisfatherdiedofaheartattack,Lefkowitzmadeuphismindtobeacardiologist.HeearnedhismedicaldegreeatColumbiaUniversity.Lefkowitzisnostrangertoconductingexperimentsandmakingdiscoveries.Hewasawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforChemistrywithBrianKobilka.Thetwoscientistswerehonoredfortheirdiscoveriesthatcouldhelpunlockthesecretsofmanydiseases.Whenaskedwhatplayedthemostimportantroleinhissuccess,Lefkowitzmentionedabouthimselfandhedescribedhimselfas"reasonablyintelligentandcreative,hardworking,andnoteasilydisturbed".Headdedthatbeingfunnycouldalsobeverygoodforyouandthepeoplearoundyou.BeforewinningtheNobelPrize,Lefkowitzdidcountlessexperiments,andonly1outof50turnedoutOK."WithdifficultdecisionsI'vehadtomake,Itendtomakethemwithmyheartratherthanmyhead."Lefkowitzsaid."However,Idon'tmeanthatdecidingwithyourheartisalwaysright."Atage78,thescientisthasnoplansforslowingdown."Mybodyandmindarestillworking,"hesaid."IwanttocontinuerunningmylabatDukeUniversityandwritingandpublishingresearchpapers."4.WhatdirectlymotivatedLefkowitztobeadoctor?A.Hisconversationwithacardiologist. B.Hisfather'sdeathfromaheartattack.C.Hisenthusiasmforadoctor'smemoir. D.Hispoorphysicalhealthinchildhood.5.WhatisthekeytoLefkowitz'ssuccessinhisownopinion?A.Hisgoodteamwork. B.Hisfamily'ssupport.C.Hispositivequalities. D.Hisinterestinresearch.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutLefkowitzconcerninghisexperiments?A.Hesufferedfromalotoffailure. B.Healwayssucceededasplanned.C.Heconsideredthemlesschallenging. D.Hecouldn'tdothemonhisown.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLefkowitzaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Badluckbringsgoodluck.C.Youarenevertoooldtowork. D.Experienceisthebestteacher.CAteamfromtheUniversityofTokyojustpublishedanewstudythatsaysthatwritingonpaperisactuallythebestforyourmind."Paperismoreadvancedandusefulcomparedtoelectronicrecordsbecausepapercontainsmoreone-of-a-kindinformationforstrongermemoryrecall,"saidProfessorKuniyoshiL.Sakai,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofTokyoandauthorinthestudy.Mostpeoplelikesmartphonesortabletsbecausetheyseemtomakeeverydaytaskseasier,butaftergathering48volunteersbetweentheagesof18and29forthestudy,theresearchersfoundthatthosewhowroteonpapertofinishnote-takingtaskscompletedthese25percentfasterthanpeoplewhousedsmartphonesortablets.Whatisthereason?Theteamsaidthatusingpapergavethevolunteersmoreofachancetowriteintheirownform,whiledigitaldevices(數(shù)字設備)aremoreconsistent(始終如一的).Theresearchersdividedthevolunteers,includingcollegestudentsandofficestaff,intothreegroupsdependingontheirmemory,preferencesforusingpaperordigitaltools,sexandage.Theneachvolunteerreadaconversationthathighlightedcharactersexplainingtheirplans,whichmentionedwhattheywantedtodointwomonths,their14differentclasstimes,thedeadlinesforthecharacters'homework,andanyotherthings.Afterusingtheirpaperoradevicetotakenotesaboutthisconversation,thevolunteersweregivenanhourbreakandatasktokeepthemfromthinkingdirectlyaboutthestudy.Theywerethenaskedanumberofquestionslike"Whatarethedeadlinesforthecharacters'homework?"Thosewhousedpaperfornotetakingtookonly11minutestojotdowntheirthoughtsduringthestudy,whilepeoplewhousedtabletstook14minutes;smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.Asfortheaccuracyoftheanswers,thosewritingonpaperseemedtostandout.Thissuggestedthatwritingonpaperbenefitedtheirmemory.8.Whydidthevolunteerswritingonpaperfinishnote-takingtasksfaster?A.Theirtaskswerelessdifficult.B.Theytooknoteswithoutanystops.C.Theirwritingstyleswereconsistent.D.Theycouldwriteintheiruniqueways.9.Whatwerethevolunteersrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Makeupsomeconversations.B.Raisequestionsforeachother.C.Takenotesaboutaconversation.D.Discussnoteswithgroupmembers.10.Whywerethevolunteersaskedtoanswerquestionsafterabreak?A.Totesttheirmemory. B.Toensuretheaccuracy.C.Tokeepthemenergetic. D.Toremovetheirthoughts.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"jotdown"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Leaveout. B.Writedown. C.Breakdown. D.Concentrateon.DHumansarenottheonlyonesadaptingto(適應)theeffectsofglobalclimatechange.Animalsarealsoadaptingtotheenvironmentalchanges—somewarm-bloodedanimalsarebeginningto"shapeshift(變身)"inresponsetoshiftsinclimate,accordingtoarecentstudycarriedoutbyateamofresearchers.TheleaderoftheteamisSaraRyding,aresearcheratDeakinUniversityinAustralia.Inthestudy,researchershavefoundnewevidencethatsupportsthetheorythatsomewarm-bloodedanimalsareexperiencingchangestotheirbodiesduetotherisingtemperatures,resultinginlargerlegs,earsandbeaks(喙)insomecases.Theresearchershavenotedthatwarm-bloodedanimalslivingincolderclimateshavesmallerlegs,earsandbeaksthananimalsofthesamespecieslivinginwarmerclimates."Whenclimatechangeisdiscussedinmainstreammedia,peopleareasking'Canhumansovercomethis?'or'Whattechnologycansolvethis?'"Rydingsays.Shesaysthatjustlikehumans,animalsalsohavetoadapttoclimatechange,asshapeshiftingforsomeofthewarm-bloodedanimalsisoccurringoverafarshortertimeperiod."Theclimatechangethatwehavecreatedisputtingmuchpressureonthem,andwhilesomespecieswilladapt,otherswillnot,"Rydingsays.ResearchershavefoundbodychangeinbirdsinAustraliaandNorthAmerica.CertainspeciesofAustralianparrotshaveshownabout4%~10%increaseinthesizeoftheirbeakssince1871,thereasonforwhichisrisingtemperatures.InNorthAmerica,thedark-eyedjunco(燈芯草雀)alsohasseenanincreaseinbeaksize."Largerbeakshelpbirdsdissipate(驅散)extrabodyheatmoreeffectively,whichisusefulasglobaltemperaturesrise.However,shapeshiftingdoesnotmeanthatanimalsareabletodealwithclimatechangeeasilyandthatallis'fine',"Rydingsays."Itjustmeansthattheyarestrugglingtoadjustthemselvestosurvivingit."12.Whathappenstosomewarm-bloodedanimalsinwarmerclimates?A.Somepartsoftheirbodiesaremissing.B.Theirbodiesbecomecolderandcolder.C.Theirbodieschangeintosmallerones.D.Someoftheirbodypartsbecomelarger.13.Whyaretwotypesofanimalsmentionedinparagraph6?A.Towarnaboutthedecreaseofanimalspecies.B.Tospeakhighlyofanimals'abilitytosurvive.C.Toexplainwhyanimalschangethebodyshape.D.Toshowtheevidenceofanimals'shapeshifting.14.WhatdoSaraRyding'swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Climatechangedoeslittleharmtobirdspecies.B.Climatechangeisstillabigchallengeforbirds.C.Birdscaneasilydealwithglobalclimatechange.D.Birdsfailtoadjustthemselvestoclimatechange.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AllAnimalsHavetoAdapttoGlobalClimateChangeB.RisingTemperaturesAreDestroyingAnimals'BodiesC.ClimateChangeIsMakingSomeAnimalsShapeshiftD.Warm-bloodedAnimalsInformUsofGlobalWarming第三部分七選五Ifyoupostavideoonlineaboutyourperfecthomedecoration,andyourvideospreadsquickly,youcanexpecttogetcommentsfrompeoplewho'llfindsomethingtotalkabout.Buttheymayarguethatyourhomeissoperfectthatyoumusthavenotimetospendwithyourchildren,whichmaygetyoudown._16_Thatistosay,you'llwanttoknowwhenyou'lladdressnegativecommentsandhowyou'lladdressthemwhenyouchoosetodoso.Ifsomeoneleavesanegativecommentonyoursocialmediaaccountandyouchoosetoignoreordeletethiscanmakeitlookasthoughyouhavesomethingtohide.Ifyouhavenothingtohide,it'sfinetochoosethisaction.However,ifthere'shintof(一點點)truthinthecomment,itmaybeseemedthatyouchoosetoavoidaproblem._17_Moreover,ifsomeonehassaidsomethingunfairaboutyou,it'sreasonabletomakeresponses._18_It'sbesttorespondinapositiveandpolitemanner.Don'tgetdefensive,don'tbeangry,andstaycalm.Otherwise,you'llcomeacrossashavinglostyourcoolandappearlessreliable.What'smore,youcanaskthecommentertocontactyouprivately._19_Instead,leaveacommentforthemaskingthemtocontactyoutodiscussinprivate.Thisshowseveryonethatyou'rewillingtoaddresstheissue,withoutneedingtomakeitapublicdiscussionforeveryonetosee.Finally,youmayusehumorinyourreplyifyouthinkthesituationcallsforit.Itcanshowyouaren'ttakingthesituationtooseriously._20_A.However,don'tsimplysendthemdirectmessages.B.Soatthistime,itmightbebesttoengageinareply.C.Thenhowshouldwerespondtonegativecomments?D.Sowhenshouldyouactuallyignorenegativecomments?E.Andbeingfunnyhasthesameeffectasbeingpoliteorpositive.F.Thatbeingsaid,youprobablywanttoknowhowtodealwiththem.G.Eachcommentneedstobeconsideredonacomment-by-commentbasis.第四部分完形填空Itwas9:55amonSunday.WhenIwokeup,thefirstthingIsawwastheshiningmobilescreen.I_21_itandfoundthatitwasacallfrommyboss.Hescreamed,"At10:25.themeetingisgoingtostart.Ifyou_22_tobringthefilestomyofficebeforethetime,Iwouldnothesitatetofireyou."Irememberedtakinghisfilesand_23_togivethembacktohimthatday,butIforgottoremovethemfrommybag.Withmybag,I_24_tothenearbybusstopandgotintoabuswhichwasalreadypackedupwithlotsofpeople._25_,Ifoundacomfortableplace.Butthedriverannouncedthatwehadtogetdownand_26_thebus.Icheckedforotherchoicesbutnonewere_27_.SoI_28_pushingitwithothers.Afterafewseconds,theengine_29_andIjumpedinsidethebusandsaid,"Fast,Iamlate."Butthebuswasunbearably_30_.Onlysevenminutesremainedbythen.Itwasnotexpectedthatthebusbrokedown.Ididn'twaitanylongerandstartedtorunalongthefootpath.I_31_thatIwouldstillreachthereintime.Iwantedtorunfasterbutitseemedthatmy_32_didn'twant.Atlast,Iarrivedatmy_33_beforeaminuteortwo."Sir,Ibroughtthefilesintime,"Isaidwithafeelingof_34_."Thengivethembacktome,"hesaidhurriedly.Iturnedonlyto_35_thatIhadleftmybagINTHEBUS!21.A.sold B.checked C.destroyed D.hid22.A.wished B.decided C.remembered D.failed23.A.refusing B.asking C.promising D.beginning24.A.hurried B.returned C.drove D.moved25.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Again D.Somehow26.A.miss B.push C.change D.catch27.A.available B.necessary C.important D.comfortable28.A.gaveup B.cameupwith C.lookedforwardto D.endedup29.A.stopped B.started C.broke D.leaked30.A.old B.crowded C.slow D.noisy31.A.hoped B.admitted C.explained D.suggested32.A.boss B.car C.colleagues D.legs33.A.home B.school C.destination D.office34.A.disappointment B.victory C.appreciation D.regret35.A.imply B.believe C.find D.predict第五部分語法填空Movingtothecountryisn'tjustgoodforyourbankbalance.Anewstudyhasfoundcountrylifeisalsoofgreat_36_(beneficial)toyourmentalhealth.HouseagencyYopainterviewshomeownersacrosstheUKtofindoutwhethercountry_37_cityresidents(居民)liveinthebetterlocation.31percentofpeoplewholiveinthecountryconsider_38_(they)mosthappycomparedtoonly25percentofcityresidents.And18percentofpeoplewholiveinthecityadmittofeelingstressedcomparedtoaroundoneinsixcountryresidents.Cityresidentsarealso_39_(likely)tobeworriedaboutcrimeandairpollutionthancountryresidents,aswell_40_findingsafeoutsidespacefortheirchildren_41_(play).Oneofthedisadvantagesoflivinginthecountry_42_(be)poorpublictransport.Butthoselivinginthecountryspendasmallerpercentageoftheirincomeonhousing,andknowbetterthenamesoftheirneighborsthancityresidents.Themainreasonsfor_43_(hold)peoplebackareconcernsaboutthecostandtimeofcommuting(通勤)backintotown,andnotknowing_44_tomove.Tohelppeoplefindhappinessoutsideofthecitieswithouthavingtoworryabouttheirjobsandsalaries,YopacreatestheCommuterGuide,whichwillhelpfindthemostaffordableand_45_(access)places.第六部分書面表達假定你是李華，你校將舉辦“魅力中國（CharmingChina）”攝影展。請你給你的英國朋友David寫封郵件，邀請他參展。內(nèi)容包括：1.展覽的時間和地點；2.作品的要求和截止日期；3.投稿方式：charmingphoto@。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第七部分讀后續(xù)寫WhenIwasaboy,Ihadthecraziestbusridetoschooleveryday.FirstIhadtogetupearly,wolfdownmybreakfast,andwalkacrosstheshakyandswingingwoodenbridgethatcrossedtheriverbetweenourhouseandthemainroad.ThenIstoodandwaitedforthebustoarrive.WhenitgotthereIclimbedin.Iwasalwaysoneofthefirstonesonthebus.Theneventhoughthebuswasonly4milesfromschool,Istartedaridethatwouldlastmorethan45minutes.First,thebuswentintheoppositedirectionfor6miles,parkedandwaitedforanotherbustotransferkidsontoit.Thenitstartedback,butinsteadofgoingstraighttomyschool,itstartedupalongandwindingmountainroadpausingateveryhousetopickupmorekids.Theroadswirledaroundthemountainandbackdownwiththebusgettingfuller,louder,andnoisierwitheachstop.Finally,itarrivedatthehighschooltodropofftheolderkidsbeforeheadingontomygradeschool.Buteventhenitdidn'tgostraighttherebutinsteadheadeddownanotherrockydirtroadthatwasfullofpotholestopickupevenmorechildren.Iusuallygottotheschoolstressed,tired,andjustbeforethefirstclassbellrang.Thankfully,theridehomewasdifferent.Duringitthelastkidspickedupbecamethefirstkidsdroppedoff.ButIwasdifferent.Sincemyhousewasalongtheway,Igotdroppedoffafterjust10minutesorso.IrememberIwouldliterallyrunacrossthatshakyoldbridgebecauseIwassohappytobehomeagain.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。LookingbacknowIcanseemywholelifeherehasbeenonecrazylongbusride.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Doyourbesttoenjoytheridethislifegivesyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________############################第一部分聽力【答案】1~5ACACB6~10CABCB11~15ACCAB16~20CACBA第二部分閱讀理解【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了冬奧會上閃現(xiàn)出的耀眼明星運動員。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EileenGu,China,freestyleskiing部分“Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.”（她還成為自由式滑雪最年輕的金牌得主，并成為第一個左轉彎1620度著陸的女性。）可知,自由式滑雪最年輕的金牌得主是谷愛凌。故選C項。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskating部分“The25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen's5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently（隨后）publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.”（這位25歲的瑞典人創(chuàng)造了兩項奧運會紀錄和一項世界紀錄。范德波爾贏得了男子5000米和10000米速滑比賽，隨后出版了一本62頁的如何贏得比賽的指南。）可知，NilsvanderPoel在他出版的指南中分享了如何在賽事中取勝的方法。故選B項。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChloeKim,USA,snowboarding部分“The21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen’shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames.”（這位21歲的加州選手在女子U型池比賽中贏得了她的第二枚奧運金牌，成為首位連續(xù)獲得該項目的女子選手。）及下文“Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,”（我努力訓練了四年才回到這里，并且再一次沖擊金牌）可推斷,ChloeKim在上一屆奧運會中奪得金牌時是17歲。故選A項?！敬鸢浮?.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述作為醫(yī)生和生物化學家的Lefkowitz出版的關于自己職業(yè)的回憶錄。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterhisfatherdiedofaheartattack,Lefkowitzmadeuphismindtobeacardiologist.(在他的父親死于心臟病發(fā)作后。Lefkowitz下定決心成為一名心臟病專家)”可知，Lefkowitz的父親死于心臟疾病直接促使Lefkowitz成為一名醫(yī)生。故選B項。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Whenaskedwhatplayedthemostimportantroleinhissuccess,Lefkowitzmentionedabouthimselfandhedescribedhimselfas“reasonablyintelligentandcreative,hardworking,andnoteasilydisturbed”.(當被問及在他的成功中什么發(fā)揮了最重要的作用時，Lefkowitz提到了自己，他形容自己“相當聰明，有創(chuàng)造力，勤奮，不容易被打擾”)”可知，在Lefkowitz看來，能夠成功的關鍵是自己聰明，有創(chuàng)造力，勤奮，不容易被打擾，這些都是積極的品質。故選C項。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“BeforewinningtheNobelPrize,Lefkowitzdidcountlessexperiments,andonly1outof50turnedoutOK.(在獲得諾貝爾獎之前，Lefkowitz做了無數(shù)次實驗，50個實驗中只有1個結果還行)”可知，Lefkowitz在實驗中遭到許多失敗。故選A項。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atage78,thescientisthasnoplansforslowingdown.“Mybodyandmindarestillworking,”hesaid.“IwanttocontinuerunningmylabatDukeUniversityandwritingandpublishingresearchpapers.”(在78歲時，這位科學家沒有放慢腳步的計劃。他說：“我的身體和思想仍在工作，我想繼續(xù)在杜克大學經(jīng)營我的實驗室，撰寫和發(fā)表研究論文?！?”可知，Lefkowitz即使年紀很大了，依舊不停止工作。故選C項?！敬鸢浮?.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章闡述了東京大學一個研究小組發(fā)布了一項新研究，他們通過實驗證明：比起使用數(shù)字設備，在紙上寫作實際上對大腦最有益。8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theteamsaidthatusingpapergavethevolunteersmoreofachancetowriteintheirownform,whiledigitaldevicesaremoreconsistent”（研究小組表示，使用紙張讓志愿者有更多的機會以自己的形式書寫，而數(shù)字設備的書寫形式則始終如一。）可知，志愿者們在紙上寫的更快是因為他們可以用自己的方式。所以“Theycouldwriteintheiruniqueways.”（他們可以用自己獨特的方式寫作。）符合題意。故選D項。9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterusingtheirpaperoradevicetotakenotesaboutthisconversation,thevolunteersweregivenanhourbreakandatasktokeepthemfromthinkingdirectlyaboutthestudy.”（在用他們的紙或設備記錄下這段對話后，志愿者們被要求休息一小時，以防止他們直接想到這項研究。）可知，志愿者們被要求記錄下一段對話。所以“Takenotesaboutaconversation.”（對談話做記錄。）符合題意。故選C項。10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thosewhousedpaperfornotetakingtookonly11minutestojotdowntheirthoughtsduringthestudy,whilepeoplewhousedtabletstook14minutes;smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.Asfortheaccuracyoftheanswers,thosewritingonpaperseemedtostandout.Thissuggestedthatwritingonpaperbenefitedtheirmemory.”（在研究過程中，用紙做筆記的人只花了11分鐘記下自己的想法，而用平板電腦的人花了14分鐘；智能手機用戶花在這項任務上的時間最多，他們花16分鐘寫下自己的想法。至于答案的準確性，那些寫在紙上的答案似乎很突出。這表明在紙上寫字有助于他們的記憶力。）可知，在紙上寫下后，記憶是最深刻的；因此志愿者們被要求休息一個小時之后，才開始回答問題的目的就是為了檢測他們的記憶力。所以“Totesttheirmemory.”（為了測試他們的記憶力。）符合題意。故選A項。11.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“smartphoneusersspentthemosttimeonthetask,taking16minutestowritedowntheirthoughts.”（智能手機用戶花在這項任務上的時間最多，他們花16分鐘寫下自己的想法。）可知，句中的writedown就等同于劃線短語jotdown，意為“寫下”。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?2.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些溫血動物開始因氣候變化而“變身”，身體的一些部位變大了。12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關鍵句“Inthestudy,researchershavefoundnewevidencethatsupportsthetheorythatsomewarm-bloodedanimalsareexperiencingchangestotheirbodiesduetotherisingtemperatures,resultinginlargerlegs,earsandbeaks(喙)insomecases.”（在這項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù)，支持這樣一種理論，即一些溫血動物由于溫度升高正在經(jīng)歷身體的變化，在某些情況下導致腿、耳朵和喙變大。）可知，溫度升高導致溫血動物腿、耳朵和喙變大，由此可知，在溫暖的氣候中，一些溫血動物的身體的一些部位變大了。故選D項。13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容“ResearchershavefoundbodychangeinbirdsinAustraliaandNorthAmerica.CertainspeciesofAustralianparrotshaveshownabout4%~10%increaseinthesizeoftheirbeakssince1871,thereasonforwhichisrisingtemperatures.InNorthAmerica,thedark-eyedjunco(燈芯草雀)alsohasseenanincreaseinbeaksize.”（研究人員在澳大利亞和北美發(fā)現(xiàn)了鳥類的身體變化。自1871年以來，某些種類的澳大利亞鸚鵡的喙的大小增加了約4%~10%，原因是溫度升高。在北美，燈芯草雀的喙也變大了。）可知，作者在第六段中列舉澳大利亞鸚鵡和北美燈芯草雀的喙變大了的例子，而這一變化的原因正是溫度升高導致的動物變身，由此可知，第6段提到了兩種動物是為了展示動物變身的證據(jù)。故選D項。14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容““Largerbeakshelpbirdsdissipate(驅散)extrabodyheatmoreeffectively,whichisusefulasglobaltemperaturesrise.However,shapeshiftingdoesnotmeanthatanimalsareabletodealwithclimatechangeeasilyandthatallis‘fine’,”Rydingsays.“Itjustmeansthattheyarestrugglingtoadjustthemselvestosurvivingit.””（Ryding說：“較大的喙有助于鳥類更有效地驅散多余的體溫，這在全球氣溫上升時很有用。然而