考研考博-英語-四川工商學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川工商學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.翻譯題

侵略行為似乎與許多生物結(jié)構(gòu)和化學物質(zhì)有關(guān)，如大腦中的下丘腦(hypothalamus)。很多動物在受到特定刺激時會表現(xiàn)出本能的侵略反應(yīng)。下丘腦似乎與動物的這種本能反應(yīng)有關(guān)：對許多動物的下丘腦中部分區(qū)域進行電激，會引發(fā)這一些它們的常見侵略行為。然而，人類的大腦要復(fù)雜的多，大腦的其他結(jié)構(gòu)似乎可以抑制這種本性。社會生物學是生物學方法的一個分支，該理論認為侵略性對于人類而言是天生并且必要的。社會生物學認為，包括侵略行為在內(nèi)的許多社會行為都是由遺傳決定的。根據(jù)達爾文的進化論，他認為，個體存在的數(shù)量遠遠超過那些可以找到食物并且活到成年的個體數(shù)量。個體之間開始進行生存競爭，那些擁有競爭優(yōu)勢的個體更容易存活，并且會將它們有利于生存競爭的基因遺傳給下一代。大部分物種所具有的競爭優(yōu)勢特質(zhì)之一就是好斗性。擁有侵略特質(zhì)的個體更容易存活和繁殖，因此，與侵略行為相關(guān)的各種基因遺傳給下一代的可能性更大。該理論在眾多方面遭到質(zhì)疑，其一，人類擁有其他物種不具備的能力，這種并非侵略性質(zhì)的能力才是人類生存下來的主要原因。其二，人類身上存在太多的變數(shù)，因此，我們無法相信人類會被侵略沖動主導或者支配。

【答案】Numerousbiologicalstructuresandchemicalsappeartobeinvolvedinaggression.Oneisthehypothalamus,aregionofthebrain.Inresponsetocertainstimuli,manyanimalsshowinstinctiveaggressivereactions.Thehypothalamusappearstobeinvolvedinthisinbornreactionpattern:electricalstimulationofpartofthehypothalamustriggersstereotypicalaggressivebehaviorsinmanyanimals.Inpeople,however,whosebrainsaremorecomplex,otherbrainstructuresapparentlymoderatepossibleinstincts.Anoffshootofthebiologicalapproachcalledsociobiologysuggeststhataggressionisnaturalandevendesirableforpeople.Sociobiologyviewsmuchsocialbehavior,includingaggressivebehavior,asgeneticallydetermined.ConsiderDarwin'stheoryofevolution.Darwinheldthatmanymoreindividualsareproducedthanthosecanfindfoodandsurviveintoadulthood.Astruggleforsurvivalfollows.Thoseindividualswhopossesscharacteristicsthatprovidethemwithanadvantageinthestruggleforexistencearemorelikelytosurviveandcontributetheirgenestothenextgeneration.Inmanyspecies,suchcharacteristicsincludeaggressiveness.Becauseaggressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,whatevergenesarelinkedtoaggressivebehavioraremorelikelytobetransmittedtosubsequentgenerations.：Thesociobiologyviewhasbeenattackedonnumerousgrounds.Oneisthatpeople'scapacitytooutwitotherspecies,nottheiraggressiveness,appearstobethedominantfactorinhumansurvival.Anotheristhatthereistoomuchvariationamongpeopletobelievethattheyaredominatedby,oratthemercyof,aggressiveimpulses.

2.翻譯題

中國可持續(xù)發(fā)展依賴的有限自然資源正在銳減。一方面是生產(chǎn)規(guī)模在不斷擴大，消耗更多的能源；另一方面是缺少能高效利用能源的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備。這迫使我們思考如何為后人留下足夠的環(huán)境空間以使他們實現(xiàn)他們的愿望。

【答案】答：

ThelimitednaturalresourcesonwhichChina’ssustainabledevelopmentdependsaredecliningsharply.Ontheonehand,theexpandingscaleofproductionleadstoincreasedconsumptionofenergy.Ontheotherhand,theproductionfacilitieswhichusingenergyefficientlyarelacking.Thisforcesustothinkabouthowtoleaveenoughenvironmentalspaceforfuturegenerationstorealizetheiraspirations.

3.單選題

Inthemid-1990s,threeseniorfemaleprofessorsatM.I.T.cametosuspectthattheircareershadbeenhamperedbysimilarpatternsofmarginalization.（1）Afterperformingtheinvestigationandstudyingthedata,thecommitteeconcludedthatthemarginalizationexperiencedbyfemalescientistsatM.I.T.“wasoftenaccompaniedbydifferencesinsalary,space，awards,resourcesandresponsetooutsideoffersbetweenmenandwomenfaculty,withwomenreceivinglessdespiteprofessionalaccomplishmentsequaltothoseoftheircolleagues.”Thedeanconcurredwiththecommittee’sfindings.Andyet,aswasnotedinthecommittee’sreport,hisfellowadministrators“resistedthenotionthattherewasanyproblemthatarosefromgenderbiasinthetreatmentofthewomenfaculty.SomearguedthatitwasthemasculinecultureofM.I.T.thatwastoblame,andlittlecouldbedonetochangethat.”

（2）

Thecommittee’smostevocativefindingwasthatthediscriminationfacingfemalescientistsinthefinalquarterof20thcenturywasqualitativelydifferentfromthemoreobviousformsofsexismaddressedbycivilrightslawsandaffirmativeaction,butnolessreal.NoteveryoneagreesthatwhatwasuncoveredatM.I.T.actuallyqualifiesasdiscrimination.

（3）

Eveniffemaleprofessorshavebeenshortchangedorshuntedaside,theirmarginalizationmightbearesultofthesamesortsofdepartmentalinfighting,personalityconflictsand“mistakenimpressionsthatcausemalefacultymemberstofeelslightedaswell.‘‘Perceptionsofdiscriminationareevidenceofnothingbutsubjectivefeelings,”Kleinfeldscoffs.

（4）

InFebruary2012,theAmericanInstituteofPhysicspublishedasurveyof15,000maleandfemalephysicistsacross130countries.

（5）

“Infact,”theresearchersconcluded，“womenphysicistscouldbethemajorityinsomehypotheticalfutureyetstillfindtheircareersexperienceproblemsthatstemfromoftenunconsciousbias.”

問題1選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題2選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題3選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題4選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問題5選項

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

【答案】第1題:F

第2題:E

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.聯(lián)系上下文。第二段開頭提到committee時，使用了定冠詞the修飾committee，說明前文該詞就已出現(xiàn)過，選項F中含有committee,也同樣提到了investigate,與下文的investigation呼應(yīng)。

2.聯(lián)系上下文。空格前一句提及應(yīng)該指責的是麻省理工學院的男性文化(masculineculture)，而對此卻束手無策。選項E中提及女性沒有成為科學家是因為科學(或科學家)都是男性，與前文意思最為接近。

3.聯(lián)系上下文。空格的前一句中提到并不是每一個人都同意在麻省理工暴露的問題就是歧視的這一說法，接下來作者很有可能要舉例說明該觀點。另外，第二段末提到了一個人名Kleinfeld,說明上文中一定交代了Kleinfeld的相關(guān)信息，選項中符合語境的只有選項B，其中提及的“M.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasive”與上文信息呼應(yīng)。

4.聯(lián)系上下文。空格前的段中提及Kleinfeld教授認為麻省理工的女性科學家被邊緣化不是因為性別歧視，而空格句所在段落的尾句指出大多數(shù)女物理學家所經(jīng)歷的事業(yè)問題通常來自于無意識的偏見(unconsciousbias),前后兩段內(nèi)容相反，由此可知，空格處句子表示轉(zhuǎn)折承接，C、D入選，而只有選項C中提及了discrimination,與下文遙相呼應(yīng)。

5.聯(lián)系上下文。選項A中的inalmostallcultures與上文中的across130countries互相呼應(yīng)。

4.單選題

Thevolcanogavewarningthatitwouldsoonpop:smallearthquakesshudderedbeneathitssurfaceonSeptember23.

問題1選項

A.sank

B.sent

C.erupted

D.shook

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項sank“沉陷”；B選項sent“送，寄出”；C選項erupted“爆發(fā)；長出”；D選項shook“搖動”。句意：火山發(fā)出警告說它很快就會爆發(fā)：9月23日，它的地表下發(fā)生了小地震。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞earthquakes（地震）可排除B、C選項，A選項sank（沉陷）也與地震不匹配，因此得知D選項正確。

5.單選題

WhatweseewhenwephotographtheSunisahugeglowingballofgas.Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.Yetsometimesdarkspotsappearonthephotosphereandthese“sunspots”areevidenceofgreatlyincreasedactivitybelow.Whensunspotsappear,greatburstsofthelongerradiowavesareoftenreceived.Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.

Theseimmenseburstsofradiowavesareusuallyaccompaniedbyanintenselybrightareaof“flare”nearasunspot,anditisclearthattheyarecausedbyasuddenburstofthermalradiationfrombelowthephotosphere.ThevisibleflareandtheburstofradiowavesarealsoaccompaniedbyaburstofX-rays,ultra-violetrays,andatomicparticles.

Whentherearesunspotsbutnoflaresaccompanyingthem,theradiowavesemittedbythe“quiet”sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenemittedbythe“quiet”Sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenfoundthattheradiowavesseemtobegeneratedintheSun’satmosphereabovethesunspotsandnotinthesunspotsthemselves.Thechangesinradiosignalsdo,however,correlatewiththecalciumareasoftheSun’sspectrum.

Radioastronomyhashelpedconsiderablytoincreaseourknowledgeofthecorona.Beingvisuallyverydim,thecoronaishardtoobservebyopticalmeans,evenduringtotaleclipses.DuringsomeeclipsesithasbeentracedquitealongwayfromtheSunbutwasbelievedtoextendnomorethanabouttwomillionmilesatthemostabovethephotosphere.Directradiationofradiowavesfromthecoronahasbeenreceivedduringdaylightuptoabout1.5millionmiles.However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.

1.Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

2.Fromthecenterout,thecorrectorderofthesun’slayersis（）.

3.Thephotosphereisthe（）.

4.Thepassagedoesnotmentioninformationdealingwiththe（）.

5.ProfessorM.RyleandA.Hewishhavefoundthatthesun’scorona（）.

問題1選項

A.WhatRadioAstronomyTellsUsAbouttheSunt

B.RadioAstronomyt

C.FactsAbouttheSun’sCoronat

D.TheNatureoftheSunt

問題2選項

A.photosphere,corona,chromospherest

B.spectrum,chromospheres,photosphere,coronat

C.corona,photosphere,chromospherest

D.photosphere,chromospheres,coronat

問題3選項

A.partofthesunweusuallyseet

B.layerofgaswhichformsthecoronat

C.areainthesunwhereatomsbreakdownandbuildupt

D.areaofthesunwhichsendsoutradiowavest

問題4選項

A.nuclearactivityinthecenterofthesunt

B.intensityofultra-violetraysintheearth’satmospheret

C.activityofthechromospherest

D.extentofthecoronat

問題5選項

A.extendsasfarastheearthitselft

B.canbemeasuredbynotingitseffectonradiowavespassingthroughitt

C.extendsnotmorethantwomillionmilesabovethephotospheret

D.givesoffx-rays

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標題是什么？”。通讀文章，可知文章主要介紹太陽結(jié)構(gòu)及其運行狀況，以及太陽對地球無線電的影響；第一段介紹了太陽的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)，第二段和第三段介紹太陽黑子對無線電波的影響，最后一段介紹射電天文學對太陽日冕的研究；D項“太陽的本質(zhì)”最能概括本文的內(nèi)容；A項“射電天文學告訴我們關(guān)于太陽的事”、B項“射電天文學”和C項“關(guān)于太陽日冕的事實”都只是部分提及，不夠全面。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“從中心往外看，太陽各層的正確順序是……”。文章第一段提到InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere…beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（在太陽的中心，就好像成千上萬顆氫彈不斷地爆炸，最后到達光球?qū)印蝗彰釋雍臀挥诠馇驅(qū)由戏降囊粚硬惶恋纳驅(qū)虞椛涑鰜恚纱丝芍?，太陽層從?nèi)往外的順序是光球?qū)印⑸驅(qū)?、日冕層；所以D項“光球、色球、日冕”正確。A項“光球，日冕，色球”、B項“光譜，色球，光球，日冕”和C項“日冕，光球，色球”都是錯誤的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“光球?qū)邮恰?。根?jù)文章第一段第二句Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.（在這個炙熱而又極其明亮的光球?qū)酉旅?，還存在著其他氣體，而在太陽的中心部分，原子正在不斷地被分解和形成）可知，太陽的中心部分即光球?qū)邮怯脕矸纸夂托纬稍拥模訡項“太陽中原子分解和形成的區(qū)域”正確。A項“我們看到的部分太陽”，我們看到的太陽是光球?qū)臃纸夂铣稍雍笏纬傻奶柟?，而非光球?qū)颖旧?；B項“形成日冕的氣體層”表述錯誤；D項“太陽發(fā)出無線電波的區(qū)域”，這是太陽黑子發(fā)射出來的。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“這篇文章沒有提到關(guān)于……的信息”。根據(jù)第一段第三句InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.（在太陽的中心，就好像成千上萬顆氫彈不斷地爆炸，結(jié)果到達光球?qū)樱?，可知A項“太陽中心的核活動”有提及；根據(jù)第一段第四句Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.（這就是光球發(fā)出如此明亮的光并發(fā)出x射線和紫外線的原因）可知，文章只提到了紫外線產(chǎn)生的原因，并未提及B項“地球大氣層中紫外線的強度”；根據(jù)第一段最后一句Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（這些輻射比射電天文學家通常接收到的輻射強一千倍，它們來自于被稱為“安靜”的太陽，由日冕和位于光球?qū)由戏降囊粚硬惶恋纳驅(qū)虞椛涠鴣恚┛芍?，C項“色球?qū)拥倪\動”在文中有提及；根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通過這種方式，英國劍橋大學的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發(fā)現(xiàn)日冕可以追溯到600萬英里以上，在太陽赤道線上可以追溯到1200萬英里以上）可知D項“日冕范圍”也有提及。因此，該題只有B項未提及，選擇B項正確。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發(fā)現(xiàn)了太陽的日冕……”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句話However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.（然而，當太陽從一個遙遠的射電源前面經(jīng)過時，通過觀察來自遙遠的射電源的無線電波是如何受到影響的，就有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)日冕延伸了多遠）可知B項“可以通過注意它對通過它的無線電波的影響來測量”正確。A項“延伸到地球本身”，文章最后一句提到IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.（曾經(jīng)有人認為日冕一直延伸到地球本身），可知這不是M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授的發(fā)現(xiàn)；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通過這種方式，英國劍橋大學的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發(fā)現(xiàn)日冕可以追溯到600萬英里以上，在太陽赤道線上可以追溯到1200萬英里以上）可知，C項“在光球?qū)由戏窖由觳怀^200萬英里”和D項“放射x射線”在這里都未提及。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

6.單選題

Didyounoticethe（）onthedoctor'sfacewhenheardthatKinohadfoundthepearloftheworld?

問題1選項

A.appearance

B.expression

C.description

D.look

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。選項A：appearance“外貌，外觀”；選項B：expression意為“臉色，表現(xiàn)，表情，態(tài)度，腔調(diào)”；選項C：description“描述，描寫，類型，說明書”；選項D：look意為“樣子，面容，看”。根據(jù)題意，本題選項B更符合題意，正確。句意：聽說Kino找到了世界明珠之后，你注意到醫(yī)生臉上的表情了嗎?

7.單選題

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（

）.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.confinements

C.limitations

D.restraints

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。boundary意為“分界線”；confinement意為“禁閉，關(guān)押”；limitation意為“限制，局限”；restraint意為“抑制，克制”。

句意：雖然有這么多的優(yōu)點，電腦也絕不是沒有任何限制的。

8.單選題

Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.

問題1選項

A.attack

B.burst

C.split

D.blast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項attack“攻擊；抨擊；動手干”；B選項burst“爆炸；戳破；爆裂；（器官或血管）爆裂；裝滿；充滿感情；突然爆發(fā)（某種感情）”；C選項split“分離；使分離；劈開；離開；分解”；D選項blast“爆炸；損害；使枯萎”。根據(jù)固定搭配inasuddenburstofanger“突然爆發(fā)的憤怒”可知句意為：那人勃然大怒，把伸手可及的一切東西都撕碎了。因此B選項正確。

9.單選題

Somescientistsaredubiousoftheclaimthatorganisms（

）withageasaninevitableoutcomeofliving.

問題1選項

A.depress

B.default

C.degrade

D.deteriorate

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。degrade“降低，降級，退化”；deteriorate“惡化，變壞”；default“拖欠，不履行義務(wù)”；depress“壓抑，使沮喪”。根據(jù)句意“科學家對于生物體隨著年齡增長會____是必然結(jié)果這種說法表示懷疑”，可知空格處應(yīng)該填表示“退化”此類意思的詞，degrade強調(diào)功能的退化，deteriorate強調(diào)身體狀況的惡化，顯然選項C符合題意。

10.單選題

問題1選項

A.fluctuation

B.crisis

C.diminution

D.partition

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.fluctuation起伏，波動B.crisis危機，危險期

C.diminution減少，降低，縮小D.partition劃分，分隔，分開

【答案】A

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】oscillation在句中的意思是“波動，浮動”，A選項與劃線單詞最為接近，故本題正確答案為A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】因此，如果這個過程發(fā)生了，大氣中二氧化碳的含量可能會長期波動。

11.問答題

Nothinkerinthenineteenthcenturyhashadsodirect,deliberateandpowerfulaninfluenceuponmankindasKarlMarx.Bothduringhislifetimeandafterithehasexercisedanintellectualandmoralascendancyoverhisfollowers,thestrengthofwhichwasuniqueeveninthatgoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs，romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.YetMarxcouldnot,atanytime,becalledapopularfigureintheordinarysense:certainlyhewasinnosenseapopularwriterororator.Hewroteextensively,buthisworkswerenot,duringhislifetime,readwidely;andwhen,inthelateeighteenseventies,theybegantoreachtheimmensepublicwhichseveralamongthemafterwardsobtained,thedesiretoreadthemwasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionoftheirintrinsicqualitiesastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

Marxtotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator,wasnotapublicistofgeniusliketheRussiandemocratAlexanderHelen,nordidhepossessBakunin'smarvelouseloquence;thegreaterpartofhisworkinglifewasspentincomparativeobscurityinLondon,athiswriting-deskandinthereading-roomoftheBritishMuseum.Hewaslittleknowntothegeneralpublic,andwhiletowardstheendofhislifehebecametherecognizedandadmiredleaderofapowerfulinternationalmovement,nothinginhislifeorcharacterstirredtheimaginationorevokedtheboundlessdevotion,theintense,almostreligion,worship,withwhichsuchmenasKossuth,Mazzini,andevenLassalleinhislastyears,wereregardedbytheirfollowers.

Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.Onthefewoccasionsonwhichheaddressedbanquetsorpublicmeetings,hisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness,whichcommandedtherespectbutnottheenthusiasmofhisaudience.Hewasbytemperamentatheoristandanintellectual,andinstinctivelyavoideddirectcontactwiththemasses,tothestudyofwhoseinterestshisentirelifewasdevoted.TomanyofhisfollowersheappearedintheroleofadogmaticandsententiousGermanschoolmaster,preparedtorepeathisthesesindefinitely,withrisingsharpness,untiltheiressencebecameirremovablylodgedinhisdisciples'minds.Thegreaterpartofhiseconomicteachingwasgivenitsfirstexpressioninlecturestoworkingmen:hisexpositionunderthesecircumstanceswasbyallaccountsamodeloflucidityandconciseness.Buthewroteslowlyandpainfully,assometimeshappenswithrapidandfertilethinkers,scarcelyabletocopewiththespeedoftheirownideas,impatientatoncetocommunicateanewdoctrine,andtoforestalleverypossibleobjection;thepublishedversionsweregenerallyturgid,clumsy,andobscureindetail,althoughthecentraldoctrineisneverinseriousdoubt.HewasacutelycopiousofthisandoncecomparedhimselfwiththeheroofBalzac'sUnknownMasterpiece,whotriestopaintthepicturewhichhasformeditselfinhismind,touchesandretouchesthecanvasendlessly,toproduceatlastashapelessmassofcolors,whichtohiseyeseemstoexpressthevisioninhisimagination.Hebelongedtoagenerationwhichcultivatedtheemotionsmoreintentlyanddeliberatelythanitspredecessors,andwasbroughtupamongmentowhomideaswereoftenmorerealthanfacts,andpersonalrelationsmeantfarmorethantheeventsoftheexternalworld;bywhomindeedpubliclifewascommonlyunderstoodandinterpretedintermsoftherichandelaborateworldoftheirownprivateexperience.

1.WhatkindofpersonwasKarlMarxaccordingtothepassage?

2.HowcouldyoudescribetheagewhenMarxlivedaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofMarx’spopularity?

4.WhywastheaudiencenotenthusiasticaboutMarx’sspeeches?

5.ForwhatpurposewasBalzac’sUnknownMasterpiecementioned?

【答案】1.KarlMarxwasagreatthinkerwhobroughtdirect,deliberateandpowerfulinfluenceuponmankind.Buthetotallylackedthequalitiesofagreatpopularleaderoragitator.Hispublicappearanceswereneitherfrequentnornotablysuccessful.

2.Itisagoldenageofdemocraticnationalism,anagewhichsawtheriseofgreatpopularheroesandmartyrs,romantic,almostlegendaryfigures,whoselivesandwordsdominatedtheimaginationofthemassesandcreatedanewrevolutionarytraditioninEurope.

3.ThereasonofMarx’popularitywasduenotsomuchtoarecognitionofintrinsicqualitiescontainedinhisworksastothegrowthofthefameandnotorietyofthemovementwithwhichhewasidentified.

4.Becausehisspeecheswereoverloadedwithmatter,anddeliveredwithacombinationofmonotonousnessandbrusqueness.

5.KarlM