考研考博-英語-華東師范大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東師范大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Learningdisabilitiesareverycommon.Theyaffectperhaps10percentofallchildren.Fourtimesasmanyboysasgirlshavelearningdisabilities.

Sinceabout1970,newresearchhashelpedbrainscientistsunderstandtheseproblemsbetter.Scientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkindsoflearningdisabilitiesandthattheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings.Thereisnolongeranyquestionthatalllearningdisabilitiesresultfromdifferencesinthewaythebrainisorganized.

Youcannotlookatachildandtellifheorshehasalearningdisability.Thereisnooutwardsignofthedisorder.Sosomeresearchersbeganlookingatthebrainitselftolearnwhatmightbewrong.

Inonestudy,researchersexaminedthebrainofalearning-disabledpersonwhohaddiedinanaccident.Theyfoundtwounusualthings.Oneinvolvedcellsintheleftsideofthebrain,whichcontrollanguage.Thesecellsnormallyarewhite.Inthelearning-disabledperson,however,thesecellsweregray.Theresearchersalsofoundthatmanyofthenervecellswerenotinalinethewaytheyshouldhavebeen.Thenervecellsweremixedtogether.

ThestudywascarriedoutundertheguidanceofNormanGeschwind,anearlyexpertonlearningdisabilities.DoctorGeschwindproposedthatlearningdisabilitiesresultedmainlyfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.Hebelievedthissideofthebrainfailedtodevelopnormally.Probably,hesaid,nervecellstheredidnotconnectastheyshoulD.Sothebrainwaslikeanelectricaldeviceinwhichthewireswerecrossed.

Otherstudiesdidnotexaminebraintissue.Instead,theymeasuredthebrain’selectricalactivityandmadeamanoftheelectricalsignals.

FrankDuffyexperimentedwithhistechniquesatChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenterinBoston.DoctorDuffysaidhisresearchisevidencethatreadingdisabilitiesinvolvedamagetoawideareaofthebrain,notjusttheleftside.

1.Scientistfoundthatthebraincellsofalearning-disabledpersondifferfromthoseofanormalpersonin______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat______.

4.DoctorDuffybelievedthat______.

5.Accordingtothepassagewecanconcludethatfurtherresearchshouldbemade______.

問題1選項

A.structureandfunction

B.colorandfunction

C.sizeandarrangement

D.colorandarrangement

問題2選項

A.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromtheunknownareaofthebrain

B.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromdamagetoawideareaofthebrain

C.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromabnormalorganizationofbraincells

D.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain

問題3選項

A.manyfactorsaccountforlearningdisorder

B.alearning-disabledpersonshowsnooutwardsigns

C.readingdisabilitiesareacommonproblemthataffects10percentofthepopulation

D.thebrainactivityoflearning-disabledchildrenisdifferentfromthatofnormalchildren

問題4選項

A.hefoundtheexactcauseoflearningdisabilities

B.theproblemoflearningdisabilitieswasnotlimitedtotheleftsideofthebrain

C.theproblemoflearningdisabilitiesresultedfromtheleftsideofthebrain

D.theproblemoflearningdisabilitiesdidnotlieintheleftsideofthebrain

問題5選項

A.toinvestigatepossibleinfluencesonbraindevelopmentandorganization

B.tostudyhowchildrenlearntoreadandwrite,andusenumbers

C.tohelplearning-disabledchildrentodeveloptheirintelligence

D.toexplorehowtheleftsideofthebrainfunctionsinlanguagelearning

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章第四段“Oneinvolvedcellsintheleftsideofthebrain,whichcontrollanguage.Thesecellsnormallyarewhite.Inthelearning-disabledperson,however,thesecellsweregray.Theresearchersalsofoundthatmanyofthenervecellswerenotinalinethewaytheyshouldhavebeen.Thenervecellsweremixedtogether.”，中文翻譯為：其中一個是大腦左側(cè)控制語言的細胞。這些細胞通常是白色的。然而，在學習障礙者中，這些細胞是灰色的。研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多神經(jīng)細胞并沒有按照應有的方式排列。神經(jīng)細胞混合在一起。根據(jù)關鍵詞“white”“gray”可排除A、C選項，以及“cellswerenotinaline”（細胞不在一條線上）可排除B選項，因此可判斷D選項“顏色和排列”正確。

2.推理判斷題。通讀全文，A選項“學習障礙可能來自大腦的未知區(qū)域?！痹谖闹胁]有提及，因此可知A選項正確。B選項“學習障礙可能是由于大腦大面積受損造成的?！痹谖闹械谖宥巍癏ebelievedthissideofthebrainfailedtodevelopnormally.Probably,hesaid,nervecellstheredidnotconnectastheyshould.Sothebrainwaslikeanelectricaldeviceinwhichthewireswerecrossed.”中文翻譯：他認為大腦的這一側(cè)不能正常發(fā)育。他說，很可能那里的神經(jīng)細胞并沒有正常連接。所以大腦就像一個電線交叉的電子裝置?？赏茰y，大腦受損導致學習障礙。因此B選項正確，可排除。C選項“學習障礙可能是由腦細胞的異常組織引起的。”在文中第二段“Thereisnolongeranyquestionthatalllearningdisabilitiesresultfromdifferencesinthewaythebrainisorganized.”中文翻譯：毫無疑問，所有的學習障礙都是由大腦組織方式的差異造成的。因此C選項符合原文意思，可排除。D選項Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.“學習障礙可能是由左腦問題引起的?！笨啥ㄎ坏轿闹械谖宥巍癉octorGeschwindproposedthatlearningdisabilitiesresultedmainlyfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.”中文翻譯：Geschwind博士提出學習障礙主要是由左腦問題引起的。因此，D選項也是直接來自原文，可排除。

3.推理判斷題。A選項“manyfactorsaccountforlearningdisorder”（許多因素導致了學習障礙），可定位到文中第二段第二句“Scientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkindsoflearningdisabilitiesandthattheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings”，中文翻譯：科學家們現(xiàn)在知道有許多不同種類的學習障礙，它們是由許多不同的事情引起的。因此A選項正確。B選項“alearning-disabledpersonshowsnooutwardsigns”（有學習障礙的人沒有外在的跡象），可定位到原文第三段“Youcannotlookatachildandtellifheorshehasalearningdisability.Thereisnooutwardsignofthedisorder.”中文翻譯：你不能看著一個孩子就知道他或她是否有學習障礙。沒有這種紊亂的外在跡象。因此B選項正確。C選項“readingdisabilitiesareacommonproblemthataffects10percentofthepopulation.”（閱讀障礙是影響10%人口的一個常見問題），可定位到文中第一段第二句“Theyaffectperhaps10percentofallchildren.”中文翻譯：大約有10%的兒童患有這種疾病。與C選項不符，因此C選項錯誤。D選項“thebrainactivityoflearning-disabledchildrenisdifferentfromthatofnormalchildren.”（學習障礙兒童的大腦活動與正常兒童不同），可定位到文中第四段，可知學習障礙者控制語言的左腦細胞是灰色的，而這些細胞通常是白色的?？赏茰y學習障礙兒童的大腦活動與正常兒童不同。因此選項D正確。綜上所述，C選項為正確答案。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關鍵詞“DoctorDuffy”可定位到文中最后一段FrankDuffyexperimentedwithhistechniquesatChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenterinBoston.DoctorDuffysaidhisresearchisevidencethatreadingdisabilitiesinvolvedamagetoawideareaofthebrain,notjusttheleftside.中文翻譯：達菲在波士頓兒童醫(yī)院醫(yī)療中心試驗了他的技術(shù)。達菲博士

說，他的研究證明，閱讀障礙不僅會損害大腦的左側(cè)，還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域。A選項“他找到了學習障礙的確切原因”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項“學習障礙的問題不僅限于左腦”，達菲博士的研究證明“閱讀障礙還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域”，因此，選項B正確。C選項“學習障礙的問題是由左腦造成的”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項“學習障礙的問題并不在于大腦的左側(cè)”不符合題意，可排除。綜上所述，B選項為正確答案。

5.推理判斷題。A選項“研究可能對大腦發(fā)育和組織的影響”，B選項“研究兒童如何學習讀寫和使用數(shù)字”，C選項“幫助學習障礙兒童發(fā)展智力”，D選項“探討左腦在語言學習中的作用”。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文中最后一段最后一句“達菲博士說，他的研究證明，閱讀障礙不僅會損害大腦的左側(cè)，還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域?！保纱丝赏茰y接下來的研究會探討“大腦發(fā)育和組織的影響”，因此A選項正確。

2.翻譯題

美國財政部長亨利?保爾森昨天以上海為終點結(jié)束了他對亞洲三國的訪問。作為美國總統(tǒng)的首席經(jīng)濟政策顧問和最主要的經(jīng)濟事務發(fā)言人，保爾森昨天上午在上海期貨交易所所發(fā)表的主題講演被認為是布什政府對華經(jīng)濟政策的最新闡述。在昨天的講演中，保爾森多次強調(diào)中國的經(jīng)濟增長不僅不具有威脅性，而且對全球經(jīng)濟的增長有好處。他表示，美國歡迎中國發(fā)展并成為全球經(jīng)濟中的一員。

【答案】HenryPaulson,TreasurySecretary,leftShanghaiyesterday,wherehemadeanendofthevisittothethreecountriesinAsia.AsthechiefeconomicpolicyconsultantandeconomicaffairsspokesmanoftheAmericapresident,PaulsondeliveredakeynoteaddressinShanghaiFuturesExchange.AndtheaddresswasviewedasthelatestexpositionoftheeconomicpoliciesoftheBush-administrationtowardsChina.Duringthespeech,PaulsonrepeatedlyemphasizedthatChina’seconomicgrowthhasbenefitbutnothreattotheglobaleconomicgrowth.HedeclaredthatAmericawelcomesthedevelopmentofChinatobecomeamemberoftheglobaleconomy.

【解析】

3.單選題

Sheisveryresourceful,andshecanalwaysfindawayaroundanyproblem.

問題1選項

A.delightful

B.responsible

C.industrious

D.smart

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項delightful“可愛的，可喜的；討人喜歡的；令人愉快的”；B選項responsible“負責的，可靠的；有責任的”；C選項industrious“勤勉的”；D選項smart“聰明的；巧妙的；敏捷的；厲害的；瀟灑的；劇烈的；時髦的”。句意：她足智多謀，總能找到解決任何問題的辦法。結(jié)合此處關鍵詞resourceful“足智多謀的；機智的”，得知D為正確答案。

4.單選題

Youcannotimaginehow（）Ifeelwithmydutiessometimes.

問題1選項

A.overflowed

B.overthrown

C.overwhelmed

D.overturned

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你無法想象有時我對自己的職責感到多么不安。

考查動詞辨析。overflow使溢出，使泛濫；overthrow推翻，打倒，廢除；overwhelm制服，壓倒，使不知所措；overturn傾覆，廢除。因此C項符合句意，在此處表示“使不安”。

5.單選題

Caresshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis（

）loudcontinuousnoise.

問題1選項

A.associatedwith

B.subjectedto

C.filledwith

D.attachedto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。beassociatedwith意為“與……聯(lián)系”；besubjectedto意為“受到，被……折磨”；befilledwith意為“充滿，裝滿”；beattachedto意為“附屬于，喜愛”。

句意：應注意縮短人們遭受持續(xù)噪聲的時間長度。

6.問答題

Theattacksonambition(A)comefromvariousangles:itspublicdefendersarefewandimpressive,(B)wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,(C)aqualitytobeadmiredandinculcatedintheyoung,(D)isprobablylowerthanhaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.

【答案】D；改成isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeen。Lowerthan后面的句缺少主語。

7.單選題

Itmakesmesicktothinkofhishighly______manners.

問題1選項

A.artistic

B.artful

C.artless

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項artistic“藝術(shù)的、有美感的”；B項artful“巧妙的、狡猾的”；C項artless“天真的、樸實的”；D項artificial“人造的、仿造的、虛偽的”；句意：我一想到他那矯揉造作的舉止就覺得惡心。因此該題D項正確。

8.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務長)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活動家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人員),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(視角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

問題1選項

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

問題2選項

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

問題3選項

A.Thetuitions(學費)theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

問題4選項

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

問題5選項

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.（然而，人才流動并非是世界性的。高層管理人員的流動只傾向于一個方向：從美國向外。），可知當前高等教育傾向于從美國招聘管理人員，A選項“世界各地的機構(gòu)都在從美國招聘管理人員”正確。B選項“許多積極分子被聘為管理員”，C選項“美國大學正在擴招國際學生”和D選項“大學校長更加注重籌款”文中沒有提到。因此A選項正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.（董事會最終聘用了布魯斯?本森，一位69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動家，因為他很可能在現(xiàn)代大學校長的主要任務上做得很好：籌資。），可知美國大學在招聘高級管理人員時主要考慮籌資方面的能力，B選項“他們籌集資金的能力”正確；A選項“政治正確性”和C選項“他們在學術(shù)界的名聲”不是主要考慮的內(nèi)容。D選項“他們的管理經(jīng)驗”：根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.（籌集資金的能力很大程度上是經(jīng)驗和需要的產(chǎn)物。），可知要求的是籌資方面的經(jīng)驗，而非管理經(jīng)驗。因此B選項正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.（與此同時，許多歐洲大學仍主要依賴政府資助。），可知D選項“它們的大部分資金來自政府”正確。A選項“學費一直在上漲”，B選項“其運作受到政府的嚴格控制”和C選項“它們正在通過全球化加強他們的地位”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.（2003年，劍橋大學任命另一位耶魯大學前教務長艾莉森?理查德為副校長。劍橋大學公開強調(diào)，在她之前的工作中，她對“耶魯大學的財務狀況起到了重要的監(jiān)督作用”。），可知艾莉森?理查德成為副校長的主要原因是在籌資方面做出的貢獻，A選項“她很擅長籌款”正確；沒有提到艾莉森?理查德讓劍橋大學和耶魯大學的聯(lián)系加強，B選項“她可以幫助加強與耶魯大學的聯(lián)系”錯誤。C選項“她知道如何吸引海外學生”和D選項“她提高了耶魯大學的學術(shù)地位”：文中沒有提到。因此A選項正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.（外國人可以為現(xiàn)有做法提供新的視角。），可知C選項“他們會從一個新的角度來看待很多事情?！闭_。B選項“他們會吸引來更多的國際教員”：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.（教育的全球化意味著，更多的大學將尋求具有某種國際經(jīng)驗的領導，以促進國際項目和吸引全球?qū)W生群體。），可知吸引的是國外的學生而非教員。A選項“他們可以提升大學的形象”和D選項“他們可以建立新的學科”：文中沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Whenthepartyfinishedat11o’clock,theballoonsmyunclehad（）atourdinnertablehadmostofthemexploded.

問題1選項

A.blownup

B.blownover

C.blownout

D.blownin

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。blowup“吹脹”，本句意為“……叔叔吹脹放在餐桌上的氣球，大部分都爆了”，想要的表達的意思是吹脹的氣球爆了。選項A正確。

10.寫作題

InthecourseoftheScientificRevolution,attentionwaspaidtotheproblemofestablishingthepropermeanstoexamineandunderstandthephysicalrealm.Thiscreationofascientificmethodwascrucialtotheevolutionofscienceinthemodernworld.Curiouslyenough,itwasanEnglishmanwithfewscientificcredentialswhoattemptedtoputforthanewmethodofacquiringknowledgethatmadeanimpactonEnglishscientistsintheseventeenthcenturyandotherEuropeanscientistsintheeighteenthcentury.FrancisBacon(1561-1626),alawyerandlordchancellor,rejectedCopemicusandKepletandmisunderstoodGalileo.AndyetinhisunfinishedworkTheGreatInstonararion(TheGreatRestoration),hecalledforhiscontemporaries"tocommenceatotalreconstructionofsciences,arts,andallhumanknowledge,raisedupontheproperfoundations."Bacondidnotdoubthumans’abilitytoknowthenaturalworld,buthebelievedthattheyhadproceededincorrectly"Theentirefabricofhumanreasonwhichweemployintheinquisitionofnatureisbadlyputtogetherandbuiltup,andlikesomemagnificentstructurewithoutfoundation."

Bacon’snewfoundation—acorrectscientificmethod—wastobebuiltoninductiveprinciples.Ratherthanbeginningwithassumedfirstprinciplesfromwhichlogicalconclusionscouldbededuced,heurgedscientiststoproceedfromtheparticulartothegeneral.Fromcarefullyorganizedexperimentsandsystematic,thoroughobservations,correctgeneralizationscouldbedeveloped.Baconwasclearaboutwhathebelievedhismethodcouldaccomplish.Hisconcernwasmoreforpracticalthanforpurescience.Hestatedthat"thetrueandlawfulgoalofthesciencesisnoneotherthanthis:thathumanlifebeendowedwithnewdiscoveriesandpower."Hewantedsciencetocontributetothe"mechanicalarts"bycreatingdevicesthatwouldbenefitindustry,agriculture,andtrade.Baconwaspropheticwhenhesaidthat"Iamlaboringtolaythefoundation,notofanysectordoctrine,butofhumanutilityandpower."Andhowwouldthis"humanpower"beused?To"conquernatureinaction"Thecontrolanddominationofnaturebecameacentralpropositionofmodernscienceandthetechnologythataccompaniedit.Onlyinthetwentiethcenturydidsomescientistsaskwhetherthisassumptionmightnotheattheheartofthemodern

ecologicalcrisis.

【答案】InthecourseoftheScientificRevolution,attentionwaspaidtotheproblemofestablishingthepropermeanstoexamineandunderstandthephysicalrealm.Thiscreationofascientificmethodwascrucialtotheevolutionofscienceinthemodernworld.

Bacon’snewfoundation—acorrectscientificmethod—wastobebuiltoninductiveprinciples.Ratherthanbeginningwithassumedfirstprinciplesfromwhichlogicalconclusionscouldbededuced,heurgedscientiststoproceedfromtheparticulartothegeneral.Fromcarefullyorganizedexperimentsandsystematic,thoroughobservations,correctgeneralizationscouldbedeveloped.Baconwasclearaboutwhathebelievedhismethodcouldaccomplish.

11.單選題

VideoconferencingisnothingmorethanatelevisionsetorPCmonitorwithacamerathroughthevideoconferencing,notonlyyourvoicebutalsoyourface,thesurroundingsandanyothergraphicandphysical（1）canbecapturedandtransmittedthroughthecommunicationsystemwithorwithoutwires.Ofcourse,whenyougointothedetails,thetechnologyinvolvedisvery（2）andthesubjectmatterlitteredwithjargon.SuchasISDN(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork),POTS(PlainOldTelephoneService)orthe（3）behindbandwidth,latencyandisochronywhichareusedtoexplainhowvideoconferencingworks.Goodpeoplecommunicationis（4）inanybusiness,andthemoreinteractionyoucanachieve,themorelikelyitisthatyour（5）willbetherightones.Videoconferencingnotonlyallowsyoutospeaktopeopleindifferentlocations,butalsonote（6）expressionsandgesturesthatletyouknowwhattheotherpersonisreallythinking.Meetingaremademore（7）bysharingdocumentsandcomputerapplicationsthatasimpletelephonecannot（8）

.（9）,organizationsarediscoveringthecompetitiveadvantagesandthepowerofvideoconferencing.Withadvancesinperformance,economicalpricing,theabilityto（10）essentialmeetingtoolsandconnectivitytoglobaltelephonenetworksandstandardizedvideoconferencingprotocols,videoconferencingisnowapracticalrealityforanyorganization.

問題1選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題2選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題3選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題4選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題5選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題6選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題7選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題8選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題9選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

問題10選項

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:I

第3題:L

第4題:O

第5題:G

第6題:E

第7題:B

第8題:F

第9題:N

第10題:J

【解析】（1）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知填空處應填入名詞,再由句意可知,被拍攝且傳輸應該是images,所以選項C正確。

（2）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知填空處應填入形容詞,根據(jù)下句“l(fā)itteredwithjargon”可知,選項I符合語境。

（3）根據(jù)下文“...whichareusedtoexplainhowvideoconferencingworks.”用來解釋視頻會議是如何工作的。由此推斷,這里應該指帶寬、延遲和等時性背后的概念,選項L正確。

（4）根據(jù)句意：良好的人際溝通在任何行業(yè)都是至關重要的。選項O符合語境。

（5）根據(jù)句意：你能達到的互動越多,你的決定就越有可能是正確的。選項G符合原文。

（6）根據(jù)下文的“expressionsandgestures”可知,原文指面部表情和手勢,所以選項E正確。

（7）根據(jù)句意可知,通過共享文檔和計算機應用程序,使得會議更高效。選項B符合原文句意。

（8）根據(jù)原文可知,共享文檔和計算機應用程序是一個簡單的電話所無法操作的,選項F符合語境。

（9）根據(jù)下文,組織正在發(fā)現(xiàn)視頻會議的競爭優(yōu)勢和力量。選項N越來越多地,符合原文語境。

（10）根據(jù)原文句意可知,這里指具備整合必要會議工具的能力。所以選項J符合原文語境。

12.單選題

LastyearmarkedthethirdyearinarowthatIndonesia’sbleakrateofdeforestationhasslowedinpace.Onereasonfortheturnaroundmaybethecountry'santipovertyprogram.

In2007,Indonesiastartedphasinginaprogramthatgivesmoneytoitspoorestresidentsundercertainconditions,suchasrequiringpeopletokeep