考研考博-英語-南寧師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南寧師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

In1871theParisCommunewhich,asmentioned,wasthefirstsocialistrevolution,wasalsothelastonetotakeplaceinacountrythatwaspartofthecapitalistcenter.Thetwentiethcenturyinauguratedwiththe“awakeningofthepeoplesoftheperipheriesanewchapterinhistory.ItsfirstmanifestationsweretherevolutionsinIran(1907),inMexico(1910-1920),China(1911)and“semi-peripheral”Russiain1905.ThisawakeningofthepeoplesandnationsoftheperipherywascarriedforwardintheRevolutionof1917,theArabo-MuslimNahda,theconstitutionoftheYoungTurkmovement(1908),theEgyptianRevolutionof1919,andtheformationoftheIndianCongress(1885).

Inreactiontothefirstlongcrisisofhistoricalcapitalism(1875-1950),thepeoplesoftheperipherybegantoliberatethemselvesaround1914-1917,mobilizingthemselvesundertheflagsofsocialism(Russia,China,Vietnam,Cuba)orofnationalliberation(India,Algeria)associatedtodifferentdegreeswithprogressivesocialreforms.Theytookthepathtoindustrialization,hithertoforbiddenbythedominationoftheoldimperialism,forcingthelatterto"adjust"tothisfirstwaveofindependentinitiativesofthepeoples,nations,andstatesoftheperipheries.From1917tothetimewhenthe"Bandungproject"(1955-1980)ranoutofsteamandSovietismcollapsedin1990,theseweretheinitiativesthatdominatedthescene.

IdonotseethetwolongcrisesofagingmonopolycapitalismintermsoflongKondratieffcycles,butastwostagesinboththedeclineofhistoricalglobalizedcapitalismandthepossibletransitiontosocialism.NordoIseethe1914-1945periodexclusivelyas"the30years"warforthesuccessionto“Britishhegemony.”1seethisperiodalsoasthelongwarconductedbytheimperialistcentersagainstthefirstawakeningoftheperipheries(EastandSouth).

Thisfirstwaveoftheawakeningofthepeoplesoftheperipheryworeoutformanyreasons,includingitsowninternallimitationsandcontradictions,andimperialism’ssuccessinfindingnewwaysofdominatingtheworldsystem(throughthecontroloftechnologicalinvention,accesstoresources,theglobalizedfinancialsystem,communicationandinformationtechnology,weaponsofmassdestruction).

Nevertheless,capitalismunderwentasecondlongcrisisthatbeganinthe1970s,exactlyonehundredyearsafterthefirstone.Thereactionsofcapitaltothiscrisiswerethesameasithadhadtothepreviousone:reinforcedconcentration,whichgaverisetogeneralizedmonopolycapitalism,globalization("liberal"),andfractionalization.Butthemomentoftriumph-thesecond"belleépoque,"from1990to2008,echoingthefirst"belleépoque,"from1890to1914-ofthenewcollectiveimperialismoftheTriad(theUnitedStates,Europe,andJapan)wasindeedbrief.Anewepochofchaos,wars,andrevolutionsemerged.Inthissituation,thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperiphery(whichhadalreadystarted)nowrefusedtoallowthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadtomaintainitsdominantpositions,otherthanthroughthemilitarycontroloftheplanet.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasrevolutioninthepassage?

2.Theword"Kondratieffcycles"inthethirdparagraphmostprobablyrefersto（）.

3.Howdothepeoples,nations,andstatesoftheperipheriesforcethehistoricalcapitalismto“adjust”totheirfirstwaveofindependentinitiatives?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheideaoflastsentenceofthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestexplainthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.The“semi-peripheral”Russiain1905.

B.TheBritishhegemony.

C.TheEgyptianRevolutionof1919.

D.TheParisCommune.

問題2選項

A.aterminpolitics

B.atermineconomics

C.aterminecology

D.aterminsociology

問題3選項

A.throughsocialism.

B.throughnationalliberation.

C.throughindustrialization.

D.throughfinancialglobalization.

問題4選項

A.Thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperipheryhadalreadystarted,whichnowrefusedtoallowthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadtomaintainitsdominantpositions.Inthissituation,theimperialismhadtoresorttothemilitarycontroloftheplanet.

B.Thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperiphery(whichhadalreadystarted)nowcouldn'tacceptthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadmaintainingitsdominantpositionsandtheyhadtoresorttothemilitarycontroltheplanetinthissituation.

C.Inthissituation,thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperipheryhadalreadystarted,whichnowcouldn'tacceptthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadmaintainingitsdominantmilitarycontroloftheplanet.

D.Inthissituation,thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperiphery(whichhadalreadystarted)nowrefusedtoallowthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadtomaintainitsdominantpositions,letaloneallowittoachievethisaimthroughthemilitarycontroloftheplanet.

問題5選項

A.ThesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperipherynowrefusedtoallowthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadtomaintainitsdominantpositions.

B.Peopleintheperipheryhavenoalternativethantooptforadifferentdevelopmentpath.

C.Theinitiativeofthehistoricaldevelopmentspontaneouslypassestothepeoplesandnationsoftheperiphery.

D.Thetwentiethcenturyinaugurated—withthe“awakeningofthepeoplesoftheperipheries”-anewchapterinhistory.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“In1871theParisCommune…ItsfirstmanifestationsweretherevolutionsinIran(1907),…and“semi-peripheral”Russiain1905…theconstitutionoftheYoungTurkmovement(1908),theEgyptianRevolutionof1919…”，所以英國的霸權(quán)主義文中沒有提及。選項B符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“IdonotseethetwolongcrisesofagingmonopolycapitalismintermsoflongKondratieffcycles,butastwostagesinboththedeclineofhistoricalglobalizedcapitalismandthepossibletransitiontosocialism.”，可知我并不會從長期的康德拉蒂夫周期來看待壟斷資本主義衰退的兩個長期危機，而是歷史全球化資本主義衰落和向社會主義過渡的兩個階段?？赏茢喑鯧ondratieffcycles是與經(jīng)濟相關(guān)的術(shù)語。選項B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theytookthepathtoindustrialization,hithertoforbiddenbythedominationoftheoldimperialism,forcingthelatterto"adjust"tothisfirstwaveofindependentinitiativesofthepeoples,nations,andstatesoftheperipheries.”，可知他們走上了工業(yè)化的道路，來強迫統(tǒng)治者“調(diào)整”以適應(yīng)第一次獨立運動。選項C符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Inthissituation,thesecondwaveoftheawakeningofthenationsoftheperiphery(whichhadalreadystarted)nowrefusedtoallowthecollectiveimperialismoftheTriadtomaintainitsdominantpositions,otherthanthroughthemilitarycontroloftheplanet.”，可知在這種情況下，外圍國家的第二波覺醒已經(jīng)開始了，其拒絕讓三足鼎立的帝國主義保持它的統(tǒng)治地位，但帝國主義的軍事控制除外。可推斷出在這種情況下，帝國主義必須對全球繼續(xù)實施軍事控制。選項A符合題意。

5.主旨題?？v觀全文。第一段提及了20世紀(jì)的民族革命運動；第二段主要提到資本主義開始走上了工業(yè)化的道路來調(diào)整使其適應(yīng)獨立運動；接著第四段和第五段介紹了兩次民族覺醒革命。所以文章的主題以20世紀(jì)外圍民族的覺醒和革命運動展開。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Itissurprisingthatsuchaninnocent-lookingmanshouldhave（）suchacrime.

問題1選項

A.confirmed

B.clarified

C.committed

D.conveyed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。commitcrime是固定搭配，意思是“犯罪，干壞事”。所以選項C正確。

3.翻譯題

Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?Perhapsbecauseit’sjustplaineasier.Makethat’’energeticallylesscostly,"inscience-speakBipedalism-walkingontwofeet-isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout.Inthelatestattempttofindanexplanation,researcherstrainedfivechimpanzeestowalkonatreadmillwhilewearingmasksthatallowedmeasurementoftheiroxygenconsumption.

Thechimpsweremeasuredbothwhilewalkinguprightandwhilemovingontheirlegsandknuckles.Thatmeasurementoftheenergyneededtomovearoundwascomparedwithsimilartestsonhumansandtheresultsarepublishedinthisweek’sonlineeditionofProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Itturnsoutthathumanswalkingontwolegsusesonlyone-quarteroftheenergythatchimpanzeesusewhileknuckle-walkingonfourlimbs.Andthechimps,onaverage,useasmuchenergyusingtwolegsastheydidwhentheyusedallfourlimbs.

However,therewasvariabilityamongchimpanzeesinhowmuchenergytheyused,andthisdifferencecorrespondedtotheirdifferencegaitsandanatomy.Wethinkabouttheevolutionofbipedalismasoneoffirsteventsthatledhominids（原始人）downthepathtobeinghuman.

【答案】人類為何進化到了直立行走的姿態(tài)？可能這是因為直立行走要容易得多。用科學(xué)術(shù)語來說，直立行走能“節(jié)省能量”。用兩條腿走路是人類的基本特征之一，多年來，科學(xué)家們在這一特征的形成問題上一直爭論不休。在這項最新研究中，研究人員讓五只大猩猩戴著可測算氧氣消耗量的面罩在跑步機上行走。

研究人員對大猩猩在直立行走和四肢著地行走時消耗的氧氣量分別進行了測量，并將結(jié)果與人類的進行了對比。這些結(jié)果在本周《國家科學(xué)院院刊》的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上公布。

測算結(jié)果表明，人類用兩條腿行走時消耗的能量僅為大猩猩四肢著地行走時所消耗能量的四分之一。平均來看，大猩猩兩條腿行走時消耗的能量與四肢著地行走時的差不多。但行走時消耗能量的多寡在這些大猩猩中也存在差異。這與它們不同的步法和解剖學(xué)特征有關(guān)。我們認(rèn)為雙腿直立行走的進化是原始人向人類進化的最初階段中的一步。

4.填空題

Johnusedtodrinkheavilyatbusinessgatherings.Hisfriendsand（1）warnedhimnottodrivewhenhehadbeendrinking,buthealways（2）theirwarningsanddroveanyway.The（3）neverstoppedhimwhilehewasontheroad,soheconcludedthathewasanexcellentdriver（4）whenhewasdrunk.This,（5）,wasfalse,asheprovedoneeveningonhis（6）backfromadinnerwithclients.Verydrunk,hedrovethrougharedlightandcrashedintoanoncomingcarwithfivepassengers.Twowere

（7）instantly,twowereinjuredandone,thedriver,escapedunharmed.Johnsurvived,buthespenttwoandahalfmonthsinthehospital（8）fromhismanyinjuries.Afterhistrialhewassentto（9）forthreeyears.Hewasreleasedlastmonth.Nowheis（10）torebuildhislife.

【答案】1.colleagues

2.ignored

3.police

4.even

5.however

6.way

7.killed

8.recovering

9.jail

10.trying

【解析】1.語義題。由前一句中的“businessgatherings(商業(yè)聚會)”及本句的“friends(朋友)”推測此處應(yīng)填“colleagues(同事)”。

2.邏輯分析。由關(guān)鍵詞“but但是”及droveanyway不管怎樣還是開車”知這里表示“忽視他們的警告”。

3.語義題。由關(guān)鍵詞“stophim讓他停下了”及“ontheroad在路上”可推知第三個空應(yīng)填“police警察”。

4.邏輯分析。這里用even表示讓步:即使喝醉了。

5.邏輯分析。However表示轉(zhuǎn)折“然而”。

6.固定搭配。onone’sway在路上。

7.語義題。句意:兩人當(dāng)場死亡，兩人受傷，一名司機毫發(fā)無傷地逃跑。

8.固定搭配。recoverfrom恢復(fù),痊愈。而前面是spendtimein(花費時間做某事),后面應(yīng)接動詞的ing形式。所以這里填recovering。

9.語義題。后面句子說:Hewasreleasedlastmonth(他上個月被釋放),所以前面說“被判入獄”。

10.語義題。句意:現(xiàn)在他正在嘗試重建他的生活。

5.單選題

Recentsuccesseshave（

）thefactthatthecompanyisstillintrouble.

問題1選項

A.distinguished

B.revised

C.obscured

D.dissected

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。distinguish“區(qū)分”；revise“修改”；obscure“掩蓋，隱藏”；dissect“仔細(xì)分析”。句意：最近的成功掩蓋了公司還處在麻煩中的事實。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Veryyoungchildrenwithnoreadingexperiencemayastoundtheirparentswiththefirstwordstheyread,suchasadepartmentstoresignannouncingBigSale.

問題1選項

A.amaze

B.please

C.convey

D.bother

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。astound表示“使驚駭，使震驚”；A項amaze“使吃驚”，B項please“使喜歡，使高興，使?jié)M意”，C項convey“傳達，運輸，讓與”，D項bother“煩擾，打擾，使……不安”。句意：沒有閱讀經(jīng)驗的幼兒第一次讀到的單詞可能會讓他們的父母感到震驚，比如百貨商店的招牌上寫著“大減價”。因此，根據(jù)句意可知A選項正確。

7.翻譯題

1.WashingtonIrvinggraspedthisfactnearlyahundredyearsagowhenhewrote:"ThestrangerwhowouldformacorrectopinionofEnglishcharactermustgoforthintothecountry.Hemustsojourninvillagesandhamlets;hemustvisitcastles,villas,farmhouses,cottages;hemustwanderthroughparksandgardens,alonghedgesandgreenlanes;hemustloiteraboutcountrychurches,attendwakesandfairsandotherruralfestivals,andcopewiththepeopleinalltheirconditionsandalltheirhabitsandhumors.''

2.Theimpactofdecentralizationtrends,ofcourse,extendswellbeyondcities.SprawlingdevelopmentpatternsaredestabilizingmanyofthesuburbsthatsurroundAmerica'scities.Oldersuburbsareexperiencingthesamechallengesascities:failingschools,persistentcrime,andthelossofjobsandbusinessestoother,furtheroutsuburbs.Evensuburbanareasthataredevelopingrapidlyarefindingthatexplosivegrowthhasitsdrawbacks,especiallyintheformofovercrowdedschools,butalsoinlongcommutesandtheinabilityoflocalgovernmentstopayfornewroads,sewers,andotherinfrastructure.

【答案】1.華盛頓·歐文遠(yuǎn)在一百年前就把握住了這一事實。他寫道："外地人若要對英國人的性格有恰如其分的了解，就必須到鄉(xiāng)村去。他應(yīng)該在鄉(xiāng)村小住數(shù)日，參觀城堡、別墅、農(nóng)場房屋及村民居住的農(nóng)舍，逛逛公園、花園，沿著矮樹叢及林蔭小路溜達；他一定要在教堂里消磨一下時光，參加紀(jì)念守護神節(jié)日的活動，看看集市，與村民同慶他們的節(jié)日，與不同場合的人打交道，了解他們的習(xí)慣并欣賞他們的幽默。"

2.當(dāng)然，分散化趨勢的影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了城市范圍。無序擴張的發(fā)展格局破壞著全關(guān)各城市周圍許多郊區(qū)的穩(wěn)定。年代較久的郊區(qū)經(jīng)受著和市區(qū)同樣的挑戰(zhàn)：學(xué)校教育質(zhì)量每況愈下、犯罪屢禁不止、就業(yè)和商業(yè)機會流失到其他更遠(yuǎn)的郊區(qū)。即使是發(fā)展迅速的郊區(qū)也出現(xiàn)了爆炸式增長的弊端，尤其體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：學(xué)校過度擁擠,上下班交通耗時長，當(dāng)?shù)卣疅o力出資建造新的道路、下水道和其他基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

8.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

RecentlybadairpollutioninBeijinghasledtoafloodofstrongcriticismfromthecountry'sstate-runmedia.Governmentofficialswereorderedtoreducevehicleuseovertheweekend,accordingtothestate-runXinhuanewsagency,whichalsocoveredthepollutionstoryextensively.Environmentalprotectionauthoritiespublisheddailyair-qualitymeasurements,butthosedidn'ttakeintoaccountthesmallerpollutionparticles,knownasPM2.5,thatpublichealthexpertssayarethemostdamagingtohumanhealth.

People'sDaily,meanwhile,ranafronteditorialundertheheadline"ABeautifulChinaStartswithHealthyBreathing"onMonday."Thevast,unmovinghazehasobscuredourvision,butithasmadetheurgencyofpollutioncontrolclearertous,"theeditorialsaid,notingthechallengestoChina’senvironmentfromrapidongoingindustrializationandurbanization.Post-crisisemergencymeasures,itcontinued,"cannotreplacesystematic,scientific,efficientandpowerfulmanagementoftheproblematitssource.

B.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish.

科學(xué)就是探求真理。在探求真理的過程中，人們對客觀規(guī)律的認(rèn)識要經(jīng)過艱苦曲折的過程。常常有這樣的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握資料的差異，認(rèn)識方法的不同，以至引起學(xué)術(shù)上的爭論。因此，有作為的科學(xué)工作者都把反對的意見看作對自己的莫大幫助，把對自己的批評當(dāng)作最珍貴的友誼。這都是因為，贊同的意見未必正確，反對的意見未必錯誤。退一步說，即使錯誤的反對意見，對自己的科學(xué)研究也是很有好處的。

【答案】SectionA

最近，北京嚴(yán)重的空氣污染引發(fā)了中國官方媒體的強烈批評。據(jù)廣泛報道污染事件的新華社報道，政府官員被要求在周末期間減少車輛使用。環(huán)境保護部門公布了每天的空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，但這些數(shù)據(jù)沒有將PM2.5等較小的污染顆粒計算在內(nèi)。公共衛(wèi)生專家說，PM2.5對人體健康的危害最大。

與此同時，《人民日報》周一在頭版發(fā)表了一篇題為《美麗中國從健康呼吸開始》的社論。注意到中國快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)化和城市化給中國環(huán)境帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，

社論指出：巨大的、靜止的霧霾遮蔽了我們的視野，但它讓我們更加清楚地認(rèn)識到控制污染的緊迫性。它還指出，危機后的緊急措施“不能從根本上取代對問題進行系統(tǒng)、科學(xué)、有效和強有力的管理”。

SectionB

Sciencemeanstheexplorationoftruth.Intheprocessofexploringtruth,people'sunderstandingofobjectivelawhastogothroughaarduousandtortuousprocess.Itisoftenthecasethatacademicdisputesarisebecauseofdifferentresearchperspectives,differentmasteryofmaterialsanddifferentmethodsofcognition.Therefore,accomplishedscientistsregardopposingopinionsasagreathelptothemselves,andtheircriticismasthemostvaluablefriendship.Thisisbecause,theopinionthatagreesmaynotberight,theopinionthatdisagreesmaynotbewrong.Tosaytheleast,evenafalseobjectionisgoodforone'sownscientificresearch.

9.單選題

（）theadvancesofthescience,thediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

問題1選項

A.Asfor

B.Despite

C.Except

D.Besides

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管科學(xué)在不斷發(fā)展，老年時期的不安感仍然未被消除。

考查介詞辨析。句子前半部分表示:科學(xué)在不斷發(fā)展，后半部分表示:老年時期的不安感仍然未被消除。因此前后部分為讓步關(guān)系，答案為B項。

10.翻譯題

我們不能肯定什么是“智力”,也不能肯定智力表達什么。但這一事實并不妨礙我們認(rèn)為智力是一種非常有用的概念,也不妨礙我們對智力測驗給予相當(dāng)程度的信賴。在一次智力測驗中,我們?nèi)訙y驗一個人解決各種各樣難題和問題的能力。如果我們?nèi)×舜硇詷颖?就可以成功地預(yù)測此人在各種職業(yè)中將獲得何種程度的成就。

英國議會1944年通過的教育法案使普及中等教育成為法律條文。除少數(shù)獨立基金學(xué)校以外,中等學(xué)校將對全民開放。由于全國中等學(xué)校的數(shù)目最多能容納11歲以上兒童總數(shù)的25%左右,所以只好做某種選拔。嚴(yán)格的學(xué)術(shù)性考試和測驗被認(rèn)為對那些在高質(zhì)量小學(xué)就讀和家庭學(xué)術(shù)氣氛濃厚的兒童很有利。因此,智力測驗被設(shè)計出來,以抵消這種狹隘的專業(yè)化教學(xué)內(nèi)容,其方法是引入一些并非以書本知識為基礎(chǔ)的問題。換言之,智力測驗主要通過給兒童提供一些在其能力與理解力范圍內(nèi)的不同真實情景,嘗試評價兒童思考、推理、判斷、分析和綜合的總體能力。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.

【答案】Thefactthatwearenotsurewhat"intelligence"is,norwhatispassedon,doesnotpreventusfromfindingitaveryusefulworkingconcept,andplacingacertainamountofrelianceontestswhichmeasureit.Inanintelligencetestwetakeasampleofanindividual'sabilitytosolvepuzzlesandproblemsofvariouskinds,andifwehavetakenarepresentativesample,itwillallowustopredictsuccessfullythelevelofperformancehewillreachinawidevarietyofoccupations.

Thisbecameofparticularimportancewhen,asaresultofthe1944EducationAct,secondaryschoolingforallbecamelaw,andgrammarschools,withtheexceptionofasmallnumberofindependentfoundationschools,becameavailabletothewholepopulation.Sincethenumberofgrammarschoolsinthecountrycouldaccommodateatmostapproximately25percentofthetotalchildpopulationofeleven-plus,somekindofselectionhadtobemade.Narrowlyacademicexaminationsandtestswerefelt,quiterightly,tobeheavilyweightedinfavourofchildrenwhohadhadtheadvantageofhighly-academicprimaryschoolsandacademicallybiasedhomes.Intelligencetestsweredevisedtocounteractthisnarrowspecialization,byintroducingproblemswhichwerenotbasedonspecificallyscholastically-acquiredknowledge.Theintelligencetestisanattempttoassessthegeneralabilityofanychildtothink,reason,judge,analyzeandsynthesizebypresentinghimwithsituations,bothverbalandpractical,whicharewithinhisrangeofcompetenceandunderstanding.

11.單選題

ThestatisticsI’vecitedandthelivingexamplesarealltoofamiliartoyou.Butwhatmaynotbesofamiliarwillbetheincreasingnumberofwomenwhoarelookingactivelyforadvancementofforanewjobinyouroffices.Thiswomanmaybeequippedwithprofessionalskillsandperhapsvaluableexperience.ShewillnotbecontenttobeExecutiveAssistanttoMr.SeldomSeenoftheAssistantVicePresident’sGirlFriday,whoistheonlyonewhocomesinonSaturday.

SheisthesymbolofwhatIcalltheSecondWaveofFeminism.Sheisthemodernwomanwhoisdeterminedtobe.

Herforerunnerwastheradicalfeministwhointerpretedhertrappedpositionasafemaleasoppressionbythemasterclassofmen.Men,shebelieved,hadcreatedadomestic,servileroleforwomeninorderthatmencouldhavethecareerandtheopportunitytoparticipateinmakingthegreatdecisionsofsociety.Thustheradicalfeministheldthatwomenthroughhistoryhadbeenoppressedanddehumanized,mainlybecausemanchosetoexploithiswifeandthemotherofhischildren.Sometimesitwasdeliberateexploitationandsometimesitwastheinnocenceofneverlookingbeneaththepretensionsoflife.

Theradicalfeministsfoundstrengthinbandingtogether.Comingtorecognizeeachotherforthefirsttime,theycouldexploretheirownidentities,realizetheirownpower,andviewthemaleandhissystemasthecommonenemy.Thefirstphasesoffeminisminthelastfiveyearsoftentookonthismilitant,class-warfaretone.BettyFriedan,GloriaSteinem,GermaineGreer,andmanyothershammeredhometheirideaswithapersistencethatarousedandintriguedmanyofthebrightestandmostablewomeninthecountry.Consciousness-raisinggroupsallowedwomentoexploreboththeiridentitiesandtheirdreams—andthetwowereoftenfoundindirectconflict.

WhatisthestereotypedroleofAmericanwomen?Marriage.Ason.Twodaughters.Breakfast.Ironing.Lunch.Bowling,maybeagardencluboffortheverydaring,non-creditcoursesinceramics.Perhapsanoccasionalcocktailparty.Dinner.FootballorbaseballonTV.Eachdaythesame.Neveranygrowthinexpectations—unlessitisgrowthbecausethehusbandhassucceeded.Theinevitablequestion:“Isthatallthereistolife?”Therapidgrowthofmanyfeministorganizationsatteststothefactthattheseradicalfeministshadtouchedsomevitalnerves.Themagazine“Ms.”wasbornintheyearofthedeathofthemagazine“Life.”Buttoooftentheconsciousness-raisingsessionsbecameendsinthemselves.Toooftensexismreverseditselfandman-hatingwasencouraged.Manyhadbeenwiththemalechauvinist.

Itisnotdifficult,therefore,todetectatrendtowardmoderation.Consciousness-raisingincreasinglyisregardedasameanstoindependenceandfulfillment,ratherthanaceremonyoffulfillmentitself.Genuineindependencecanberealizedthroughcompetence,throughfindingacareer,throughtheuseofeducation.Rememberthatformanydecadestheeducationofwomenwasnotsupposedtobeuseful.

1.Whatwasthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardtheradical?

3.Whatdoestheword“militant”mean?

4.Whatwastheradicalfeminist’sviewpointaboutthemale?

問題1選項

A.TheSecondWaveofFeminist.

B.Women’sIndependentSpirits.

C.TheUnityofWomen.

D.TheActionofUnion.

問題2選項

A.Hesupporteditwholeheartedly.

B.Heopposeditstrongly.

C.Hedisapprovedtosomeextent.

D.Heignoreditcompletely.

問題3選項

A.Aggressive.

B.Ambitions.

C.Progressive.

D.Independent.

問題4選項

A.Womenwereexploitedbythemale.

B.Womenwereindependentofthemale.

C.Women’slivesweredeprivedbythemale.

D.Themaleweretheircommonenemy.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段舉了一個具體的例子，第二段指明SheisthesymbolofwhatIcalltheSecondWaveofFeminism.Sheisthemodernwomanwhoisdeterminedtobe.（她是我所說的第二次女權(quán)主義浪潮的象征。她就是現(xiàn)代女性的代表。），接下來全文圍繞女權(quán)運動展開論述。因此A選項“第二次女權(quán)主義浪潮?！弊罘衔恼轮髦?。B選項“女性的獨立精神”和C選項“女性的團結(jié)”只是文章的一個方面，不能概括文章主旨，所以B，C錯誤。D選項“工會的行動”在文中沒有提及，所以D錯誤。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段中Therapidgrowthofmanyfeministorganizationsatteststothefactthattheseradicalfeministshadtouchedsomevitalnerves.Themagazine“Ms.”wasbornintheyearofthedeathofthemagazine“Life.”Buttoooftentheconsciousness-raisingsessionsbecameendsinthemselves.Toooftensexismreverseditselfandman-hatingwasencouraged.Manyhadbeenwiththemalechauvinist.（許多女權(quán)主義組織的迅速發(fā)展證明了這樣一個事實，即這些激進的女權(quán)主義者已經(jīng)觸動了一些重要的神經(jīng)?！杜俊冯s志就在《生活》雜志?？悄暾Q生?？墒菃酒鹩X醒的會議常常成為這些活動的目的。性別歧視常常顛倒過來，鼓勵憎恨男人。許多人都曾是大男子主義者。），表明了作者對激進分子有點批評、不滿的態(tài)度。接下來最后一段又說到Itisnotdifficult,therefore,todetectatrendtowardmoderation.Consciousness-raisingincreasinglyisregardedasameanstoindependenceandfulfillment,ratherthanaceremonyoffulfillmentitself.Genuineindependencecanberealizedthroughcompetence,throughfindingacareer,throughtheuseofeducation.（因此，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)一種溫和的趨勢。提高覺悟越來越被認(rèn)為是獨立和實現(xiàn)的手段，而不是實現(xiàn)本身的儀式。真正的獨立可以通過能力，通過尋找事業(yè)，通過教育來實現(xiàn)。），說明了作者的觀點：獨立是靠踏實工作，提高婦女自身的能力來實現(xiàn)的。因此C選項“在某種程度上不贊成?！弊钅苷f明作者對激進分子的態(tài)度。A選項“全心全意地支持”，B選項“強烈反對”，D選項“完全忽視”的說法都過于絕對，所以A，B，D錯誤。

3.詞義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“militant”可以定位到文章第四段第三句Thefirstphasesoffeminisminthelastfiveyearsoftentookonthismilitant,class-warfaretone.（在過去的五年里，女權(quán)主義的首要方面經(jīng)常以這種激進的、階級斗爭的調(diào)子出現(xiàn)。），說明過去五年的女權(quán)運動斗爭性很強。因此A選項“好斗的”符合題意。B選項“雄心壯志的”，C選項“進步的”，D選項“獨立的”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“radicalfeminist”可以定位到第四段第一、二句Theradicalfeministsfoundstrengthinbandingtogether.Comingtorecognizeeachotherforthefirsttime,theycouldexploretheirownidentities,realizetheirownpower,andviewthemaleandhissystemasthecommonenemy.（激進的女權(quán)主義者在緊密團結(jié)中找到了力量。第一次她們認(rèn)識了自己，她們可以探索自我，意識到她們的力量，把男人及其制度視為她們共同的敵人。），說明激進女權(quán)主義者對男性的看法是把他們視作共同的敵人。因此D選項“男性是她們共同的敵人?！闭_。A選項“女性被男性剝削”，B選項“女性獨立于男性”，C選項“女性的生活被男性剝奪”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，C錯誤。

12.單選題

Seldom______anymistakesduringmypastfiveyearsofservicehere.

問題1選項

A.didImake

B.shouldImake

C.Iwouldmake

D.wouldImake

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：在服務(wù)這里的過去五年里，我很少出錯。句首為半否定的詞語用部分倒裝，根據(jù)動詞短語makemistakes確定用助動詞，根據(jù)pastfiveyears確定用過去時態(tài)，所以A選項didImake符合題意。因此A選項正確。

13.翻譯題

Directions:Forthissection,youareaskedtoreadthefollowingshortpassagefirstandthentowriteacompositionentitled''WhichoneDoYouThinkIsMoreImportant,PleasureorLongevity?"Youshouldnotcopyanyofthesentencesinthefollowingpassage.Youshouldwritenolessthan150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.（15%）（Justforyourreference）

Peoplearealmostphobic（恐懼癥）abouthavingfun.increasinglyviewingthemselvesasfragile,vulnerable,readytodevelopcancerorheartdiseaseattheslightestprovocation（刺激）.Inthenameofhealth,peoplegiveupmanyoftheirlifeenjoyments.Wehavenoquarrelwiththeevidencethatsomepleasures,likecigarettesmoking,highalcoholconsumption,addictivedrugs,drivingmuchtoofast,areunhealthyandshouldbeknockedoff.Butworryingtoomuchaboutanythingincludingcalories,salt,cancer,andcholesterol（膽固醇）canrobyourlifeofvitality.Livingoptimistically,withpleasure,zest,andcommitmentenrichesifnotlengthenslife.

Doyouagreetotheabovepointofview?Whichonedoyouthinkismoreimportant,pleasureorlongevity（長壽）?GiveyourowncommentsandwritethemdownontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

14.單選題

Earthquakesrank______forestfires,floodandtornadoes______majorcalamities.

問題1選項

A.with,