2023版高考英語一輪復習新題精練專題二七選五課件

專題二七選五

考點1細節(jié)句和過渡句

話題:用音樂對抗霸凌主題語境:人與社會核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約303

[2022遼寧鐵嶺六校聯(lián)考]"Musiciswhereeverythingstarted,"SamiraHortonsays.?1Shehasbeenrappingandperformingsinceshewas6yearsold."Throughmusic,"DJAnnieRedsays,"Icanexpressmyselfandletoutmyemotion."

Therisinghip-hopstarusesmusictoshareamessageaboutbullying(霸凌)."Iwasbulliedalot,"shesays,"eventoday,especiallybecauseofmyvoice."DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice.

?2ButDJAnnieRedhasfoundawaytoriseabovetheirruderemarks.Insteadofthinkingofhervoiceasaweakness,sheusesittospreadheranti-bullyingmessagefarandwide.

?3Shepostshermusiconline,too.Shelikestogivestudentsarhythmicandinteractiveshowwhileteachingthemhowtoovercomebullying."Itmakesthemfeellikethey'renotalone."

DJAnnieRedbelievesthatstandinguptobullyingismoreimportantthanever.?4"Youdon'thavetoshowyourfaceatall,"shesays."Someonecouldeasilybeaffectedbythat."

5Shebelievesthatkidsofhergenerationcanmakethingsbetterbyfindingtheirpassions,andusingthosepassionstoinspirechanges,asshehas."Kids'beingmoreconfidentinthemselvesandwantingtodosomethingthattheyreallyenjoydoingissomethingthatmotivatesmetokeepdoingwhatIdo."

注：屬于本考點的試題用

?突出標記。

Passage1

A.Butsheseesabrighterfutureahead.B.Peoplehavetoldhershesoundslikeaboy.C.Sheencourageskidsofallagestostanduptobullying.D.DJAnnieRedhasperformedatschools,festivalsandpro-basketballgames.E.Her2017book,TheBullyStop,isbasedonhersong"NoYouWon'tBullyMe".F.The13-year-oldfromBrooklyn,NewYork,isknowntotheworldasDJAnnieRed.G.That'sbecausepeoplecanbullyothersonsocialmediawhilehidingbehindausername.Passage1【考點突破】細節(jié)支撐性句子注重考查上下文邏輯,過渡性句子注重考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)。在七選五中,對于過渡句的考查主要包括段落內(nèi)過渡句和段落間過渡句。考生應先厘清句際邏輯關(guān)系與段落層次,然后根據(jù)文章語句間的意義關(guān)系進行分析,還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語進行分析,判斷題目的考查方向。針對考查細節(jié)句的題目,考生可通過分析上下文具體內(nèi)容以及選項表述的重點選擇正確答案。解答段落內(nèi)過渡句時,要仔細閱讀設空處前后相鄰的內(nèi)容,挖掘內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系,注意銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標志詞,然后與選項中的關(guān)鍵詞建立聯(lián)系;解答段落間過渡句時,要閱讀上一段的段尾和下一段的內(nèi)容,注意銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標志詞,然后與選項中的關(guān)鍵詞建立聯(lián)系。銜接詞與體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標志詞:①并列與遞進關(guān)系:firstly,secondly,thirdly,first,then,next,finally,atlast,intheend,inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,foronething,foranother,and,also,not...but,furthermore,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse等。②因果關(guān)系:so,therefore,thus,hence,consequently,asaresult等。③轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系:however,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite等。

答案

本文是一篇記敘文,講述了聞名世界的DJAnnieRed對待霸凌的態(tài)度,以及她如何用音樂來對抗霸凌。

1.F考查細節(jié)句?？涨笆荢amiraHorton說的話,空后介紹她從6歲開始說唱,那么本空也應是對SamiraHorton的介紹,F項"這個來自紐約布魯克林的13歲女孩,作為DJAnnieRed聞名于世界"符合語境,故選F項。2.B考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文的"Iwasbulliedalot""especiallybecauseofmyvoice"和"DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice"可知,DJAnnieRed因低沉的聲音而遭受霸凌,本空應是人們對于她的聲音的惡評,B項"人們說她的聲音像男生的聲音"符合語境,且B項的內(nèi)容與下文中的"theirruderemarks"相呼應,故選B項。3.D考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文可知,她也將她的音樂傳到網(wǎng)上去,根據(jù)空后一句中的"too"可以推知,本空介紹的也是她的表演方式,D項"DJAnnieRed在學校、會演以及職業(yè)籃球比賽上表演"符合語境,故選D項。4.G考查過渡句?？涨罢f勇敢對抗霸凌比以前更重要,空后提到不需要露臉,G項"這是因為人們可以躲在用戶名背后在社交媒體上霸凌別人"承上啟下,解釋了對抗霸凌比以前更重要的原因,同時又引出下文,那些霸凌別人的人躲在用戶名背后,完全不需要露臉。故選G項。5.A考查主題句。上文提到網(wǎng)絡霸凌對人的傷害;空后指出,她認為她這一代的孩子能通過找到熱情來讓事情朝更好的方向發(fā)展,并且他們可以用這些熱情來做出一些改變。本空與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且本句為本段的主題句,說明事情會朝好的方向發(fā)展,因此A項"但是她卻看到了前方更光明的未來"符合語境,故選A項。

話題:保護海牛主題語境:人與自然核心素養(yǎng):文化意識詞數(shù):約310

[2022河北石家莊一檢]WildlifeworkersinFloridaarefeedingmanatees(海牛)tokeepthemfromstarving.?1Sofar,therescueworkershavealreadygivenout25tonsoflettuce.Manateesarehugeseamammalsthatcanbeaslongas4meterswhenmature.?2Inspiteoftheirsize,manateesonlyeatplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled"seacows".

ButFlorida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistofendangeredanimalssince1967.Mostthreatstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacedbythecreaturesisboats.Manateesarecuriousandfairlyslow,whichhasledtothousandsofmanateesbeinginjuredorkilled.

3Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleftinFlorida.Butby2016,therewereroughly8,800manatees.

Butnowmanateesarefacinganewchallenge:theycan'tgetenoughtoeat.Manyofthebedsofseagrasshavebeenkilledbypollution.Seagrassbegantodisappeararound2011.Warmingseas,combinedwithpollutedwaterandfertilizers(肥料)thathavebeenwashedofffarmlands,havecreatedhugegrowthofalgae(海藻)ontheocean'ssurface.?4

Lastyear,1,101manateesdiedfromstarving.?5Manyofthemanateesthatremainaresothinthatoftentheyhavetroubleswimming.

Passage2

So,wildlifeexpertscameupwithaplantogetfoodforthemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreenvegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.Inthelongterm,Floridaisworkingtohelprestoreseagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.A.Thatwasarecord.B.Theycanweighupto590kilograms.C.Thefeedingstationhasbeenverysuccessful.D.Withprotection,manateesmanagedtobounceback.E.Theyblockthesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.F.Butfeedingthesemassiveseacreaturestakesalotoffood.G.Researchneedstobedonetodeterminewhatfoodwouldbebest.Passage2本文是一篇說明文,講述了佛羅里達州野生動物保護者通過給海牛喂食來避免它們遭受饑餓,從而促進海牛種群數(shù)量的增加。1.F考查過渡句?？涨耙痪渲v到了"佛羅里達州的野生動物保護者正喂養(yǎng)海牛以防止它們挨餓",而空后則講到了"到目前為止,救援人員已經(jīng)發(fā)放了25噸萵苣",因此,F項"但是,喂養(yǎng)這些大型海洋生物特別費食物"承上啟下,符合語境。2.B考查細節(jié)句。空前一句講到了"海牛是大型海洋哺乳動物,成年海牛身長達4米",而空后一句講到了"盡管它們體型龐大,卻只吃海洋植物",因此,空處應該還會講到海牛的體型,故B項"它們(海牛)可能重達590千克"符合語境。3.D考查主題句。根據(jù)第一段可知,佛羅里達州的野生動物保護者正喂養(yǎng)海牛,結(jié)合空后的"Atonepoint,therewereonly...8,800manatees"可知,通過野生動物保護者的努力,海牛的數(shù)量有反彈,故D項能概括本段主旨,符合語境。4.E考查細節(jié)句。本段講到了海牛面臨的新挑戰(zhàn),結(jié)合空前一句中的"海洋表面的海藻大量生長"可知,空處應該會講到海藻泛濫帶來的危害,故E項"它們(海藻)擋住了使海草能夠生長的陽光"符合語境。5.A考查細節(jié)句?？涨耙痪渲v到了"去年1101頭海牛死于饑餓",A項"那是一個紀錄"是對空前一句的評價,符合語境。答案

話題:與大學室友相處主題語境:人與社會核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約312

[2022廣東汕頭一模]Havingacollegeroommateismostpeople'sfirstexperiencelivingwithsomeonewhoisnotrelatedtothem.Itcomeswithbothbenefitsandchallenges.?1Yougetaninstantfriend,someonetokeepyoucompanyduringyourfirsttimeawayfromhome.However,youalsoruntheriskofbeingmatchedwithsomeoneyoufinditdifficulttogetalongwellwith.Eitherway,here'ssomegoodadvice:

Establishsomerules

?2Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict.Establishwhatspaceiswhose,whenyouneedquiettimetostudy,whichitemsyoucanshare,whattimeyougotobed,andwho'sallowedtoeatwhatintherefrigerator.

Practicedirectcommunication

Dormroomsareclosequarters,soevenifyougetalongwithyourroommate,thereisboundtobeadisagreementortwo.?3Youcan'texpectyourroommatetobeamind-reader,soifyougetupsetorfrustrated,communicateittoyourroommaterightaway.

?4

You'llfindsuchawaygetsabetterresponsethanifyoujustattackorcriticize.

Passage3

Compromise(妥協(xié))sometimes

Whenitcomestodoingchoresaroundtheroom,listeningtocertainkindsofmusic,watchingdifferentTVshowsandrequestingprivacy,compromiseiskey.Ifyougivealittle,yourroommatewillgivealittle.Compromisingdoesnotrefertogivingintoallofsomeone'srequests.

?5

So,talkthroughthethingsyouandyourroommatedifferonuntilyoucanreachacompromise.

A.Makeyourpreferencesknownfromthestart.

B.Instead,itmeanscomingtoacommonagreement.

C.Handlesuchconflictswithopencommunication.

D.Itreferstopersuadingotherstoacceptyouropinion.

E.Usearespectfultoneandchooseyourwordscarefully.

F.Inthissituation,listeningtoyourroommateisveryimportant.

G.Gettingalongwithyourroommatecanenhanceyourcollegeexperience.這是一篇說明文。本文闡述了擁有大學室友既有好處也有挑戰(zhàn),作者就如何與室友相處、避免發(fā)生沖突給出了一些建議。Passage3答案1.G考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文可知,擁有大學室友既有好處,又有挑戰(zhàn);根據(jù)下文可知,你也會面臨與你覺得很難友好相處的人相匹配的風險,這是擁有大學室友的一個挑戰(zhàn),那么本空可能敘述擁有大學室友的一個好處,G項"與你的室友相處可以豐富你的大學經(jīng)歷"符合語境,故選G項。2.A考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標題"Establishsomerules"以及空后一句"Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict"可知,A項"從一開始就說明你的偏好"符合語境,說明制定規(guī)則的目的是從一開始就讓你的室友知道你的偏好,用這樣的方法可以避免與室友沖突,且該選項中的"known"與空后一句中的"areclear"相呼應。故選A項。3.C考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標題"Practicedirectcommunication"和空后一句"Youcan'texpect...rightaway"可知,C項"以開放的溝通方式處理此類沖突"符合本段主旨,且與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,故選C項。4.E考查過渡句。根據(jù)上文可知,你不能指望你的室友是一個會讀心術(shù)的人,所以如果你感到失望或沮喪,立即向你的室友表達出來;根據(jù)下文可知,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的方式與攻擊或批評相比能得到更好的回應,E項"用尊重的語氣,并且斟酌用語"符合本段主旨,且承上啟下,故選E項。5.B考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)空前一句可知,妥協(xié)并不意味著對別人的所有要求都做出讓步,B項"相反,這意味著互相達成共識"與前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選B項。

話題:輪滑

主題語境:人與社會

核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)

詞數(shù):約290

[2022河北保定一模]Rollerbladingisanexcellentsportthatjustaboutanyonecanenjoy.Experienceandtypesofskatingrangeindifficultyfromsimplerecreationalskatingtoamuchmoreaggressivestyleofskating.

Afteryouhavemasteredthebasicsofrollerblading,youcanbegintomasterthesport.?1However,someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport.

Thesportofrollerbladinghasmanyvariations(變體)andstylesthatallowcompetition.?2Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingissetinanurbansettingandparticipantsmusttravelthroughstreetsandtravelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossibleinordertoreachthefinish.?3Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricksfreestyleskatersoftenuse.

4

Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbeperformedinanurbansetting,likefreeskating,andthisstyleisoftencalledstreetskating.Aggressiveskaterscanalsobefoundatskateparksperformingtricksontheobstaclescreatedspecificallytocatertotricks.

Streetskatersuseanytypeofurbanobstacletoperformamazingtricksrangingfromjumpsandslidestogrindsandairs.Competitionsinaggressiveskatingrequirecontestantstoperformincreasinglydifficultanddangeroustricksinordertooutmatch(勝過,擊敗)theircompetitors.

5

Passage4

A.Eachstylerequiresdifferentequipment.

B.Aggressiveskatingisanotherpopularformofthesport.

C.Soaggressiveskatingisoneofthemostentertainingsportstowatch.

D.Manyfreestyleskaterscanalsoraceoniceastheseasonschange.

E.Manypeopleenjoyrollerbladingjustforthesimplepleasureofexercise.

F.Freeskatingisatypeaboutskatingfromstarttofinishasfastaspossible.

G.Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed,freeskatingoftenincludesdifferenttricks.

Passage4

這是一篇說明文,本文主要講了兩種不同類型的輪滑——自由式輪滑和極限輪滑。1.E考查細節(jié)句?？蘸蟮?However"表明空后與空處形成了轉(zhuǎn)折,根據(jù)空后的"someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport"可知,E項"很多人喜歡輪滑僅僅是為了運動帶來的簡單的快樂"符合語境。2.F考查細節(jié)句?？涨盀楸径蔚闹行木?根據(jù)空前的"rollerbladinghasmanyvariations(變體)andstyles"可知,空處會講到輪滑種類中的一種,再根據(jù)空后的"Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingis...reachthefinish"可知,空處講到的類型應該是freeskating,故選F項。3.G考查過渡句。G項中的"Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed"呼應空前的"travelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossible",而"includesdifferenttricks"引出空后的"Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricks",故G項承上啟下,符合語境。4.B考查主題句。根據(jù)空后的"Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbe...isoftencalledstreetskating"可知,空后的It指的應該是aggressiveskating,空處應涉及對極限輪滑的簡要介紹,故選B項。5.C考查結(jié)論句。結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講了極限輪滑要使用障礙來展現(xiàn)技巧,選手還需要展現(xiàn)高難度且危險的技巧才能打敗競爭對手,故C項"所以,極限輪滑是觀看起來最有趣的運動之一"符合語境。答案

話題:目標與系統(tǒng)主題語境:人與自我核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約312

[2022福建福州三模]Weallhavethingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives.?1Atleast,thisishowIapproachedmylifegoalsuntilrecently.

WhatI'mstartingtorealize,however,isthatwhenitcomestoactuallygettingthingsdoneandmakingprogressintheareasthatareimportanttoyou,thereisamuchbetterwaytodothings.Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems.?2Yoursystemisthewritingschedulethatyoufolloweachweek.Ifyoucompletelyignoredyourgoalsandfocusedonlyonyoursystem,wouldyoustillgetresults?Ithinkyouwould.

?3Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear.AllofthisissuchasurprisebecauseIneversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark.?4Ineversaid,"Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear."WhatIdidfocusonwaswritingonearticleeveryMondayandThursday.Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results.

Goalsaregoodforplanningyourprogressandsystemsaregoodforactuallymakingprogress.Havingasystemiswhatmatters.5

Passage5

A.Noneofthisistosaythatgoalsareuseless.

B.Ifyou'reawriter,yourgoalistowriteabook.

C.Forgetaboutpredictingthefutureandbuildasystem.

D.Ineversetawordcountgoalforanyparticulararticle.

E.Committingtotheprocessiswhatmakesthedifference.

F.Andformostofus,thepathtothosethingsstartsbysettingaspecificgoal.

G.Asanexample,IjustaddedupthetotalwordcountforthearticlesI'vewrittenthisyear.

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者以自己寫作的經(jīng)歷告訴我們:目標固然重要,但是專注于系統(tǒng)和過程,堅持不懈地做才更重要。1.F考查過渡句。空前列舉了我們在生活中想要實現(xiàn)的事情,而空后一句提到"至少直到最近,我都是這樣接近我的生活目標的",由此可知,空處承上啟下,說明了實現(xiàn)這些事情的方法,F項中的"thosethings"指的正是上文中的"thingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives",且F項中的"aspecificgoal"與空后一句中的"goals"相呼應。故選F。

Passage5答案2.B考查過渡句。根據(jù)空前一句"Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems"可知,目標和系統(tǒng)之間有差異,而空后一句提到了與寫作有關(guān)的系統(tǒng),那么空處承上啟下,說的應是目標,且與寫作有關(guān)。由此可知,B項"如果你是一個作家,你的目標是寫一本書"符合語境,故選B。3.G考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文中的"Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear"可知,作者應是將過去12個月的寫作字數(shù)進行了計算,因此,G項"舉個例子,我剛剛把我今年寫的文章的總字數(shù)加起來"符合語境。故選G。4.D考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文中的"Ineversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark"和下文中的"Ineversaid,‘Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear.’"可知,空處也應是否定句,且上文提到了作者今年的寫作總字數(shù),同時根據(jù)"Ididn'tmeasure""benchmark""twobooks"這些細節(jié)可知,空處應與設定字數(shù)目標有關(guān),由此可知,D項"我從來沒有為任何一篇文章設定字數(shù)目標"符合語境。故選D。5.E考查結(jié)論句?？仗幨菍Χ温涞目偨Y(jié)?？涨疤岬?有一個系統(tǒng)很重要,并且作者以自己寫作的經(jīng)歷"Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results"證明了,目標固然重要,但是專注于系統(tǒng)和過程,堅持不懈地做才更重要。E項符合語境,且能總結(jié)本段,故選E。

話題:真人圖書館

主題語境:人與社會核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約294

[2022山東濟南模考]TheHumanLibrary

hasbeenworkingtoencourageasenseofsharedhumanityforalmosttwodecades.Itisquitedifferentfromtraditionallibraries.?1Youcanreviewyourperspectivewiththehelpofborrowedhumanbooks.

TheHumanLibraryisanassociationwhichattemptstocreaterespectandunderstandingforthediversityinsocietythroughefforts.

?2Inthisplace,peoplewhootherwisewouldnevermeetortalkcanfindroomforconversation.

Asitswebsitedetails,thelibraryhostsweeklyeventsinlocalcommunities.Thevolunteers,"humanbooks",welcomemembersofthepublictocomeandtalktothem.?3

RonniAbergelisthefounderofthelibrary.?4Ashisideahasspreadlikeabestseller,thelibraryhashostedeventsinmorethan80countries,inlibraries,museums,festivalsandschools.Ithasmorethan1,000humanbooksincirculationinmorethan50languages,withespeciallystrongpresenceinAmericancitiessuchasChicagoandSanFrancisco.

?5Theyhaveservedasatimelywaytoreachouttoscoresofpeoplestuckathome,andfearfulofbeingtooclosetostrangers.Beingabookinthelibraryismorethanwhatyouexpectandissomethingyouwillneverforget.Itisalsoanopportunitytomeetalotofpeoplethataredifferentfromyouandyetyouwillfindyousharealotincommon.Passage6

A.Itcreatesasafespacefordialogue.

B.Hisambitionistobuildahigh-techlibrary.

C.COVID-19hasledtomanyvirtualeventsaswell.

D.Thislibraryallowspeopletostartanonlineconversation.

E.Hejustwantstogetthewholeworldlisteningandtalking.

F.Here,variousquestionsareexpected,appreciatedandanswered.

G.Atthislibrary,youcan"borrow"peopleforaconversationinsteadofbooks.Passage6本文是一篇說明文,主要講了真人圖書館的目的、操作方式、發(fā)展情況以及在新冠肺炎疫情期間發(fā)揮的作用等。1.G考查過渡句?？涨耙痪渲v到了真人圖書館與傳統(tǒng)圖書館不同,因此,空處應該會講到這種不同具體體現(xiàn)在什么地方。G項"在這個圖書館,你可以‘借’人來聊天而不是借書"符合語境,且與空后的"你可以在借來的真人圖書的幫助下反思自己的觀點"呼應,故G項符合語境。2.A考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后的"peoplewhootherwise...roomforconversation"可以推斷,真人圖書館為人們提供了對話的空間,故A項符合語境。3.F考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)語境可知,本空承接空前一句,此處應該會講到來這里交流時要知道的一些情況,故F項符合語境。4.E考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)語境可知,空處應該會繼續(xù)講RonniAbergel,故B、E項符合初步判斷。根據(jù)空后的"thelibraryhas...festivalsandschools"可知,空處講到的應該是RonniAbergel想要讓真人圖書館服務全球,故E項符合語境。5.C考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后的"atimelyway...athome"可知,真人圖書館在新冠肺炎疫情期間及時給人們提供了幫助,故C項符合語境。答案

話題:應對防衛(wèi)心理主題語境:人與自我核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約304

[2022名師原創(chuàng)]Defensivenessisanaturalreactionwhenyoufeelattacked.?1Andit'sonewayyouescaperesponsibilityforyouractionswhenfacingadifficultorunpleasantpersonofsituation.Inconversations,though,defensivenesscanquicklydestroyanyhopesofunderstandingandmovingforward.Sohowcanyourespondtodefensiveness?

Meetingdefensivenesswithdefensivenessislikelytoincreasethetensionratherthanremoveit.Saying"don'tlakeitpersonally"probablywon'thelpeither.?2Soarguingwithadefensiveperson,becomingdefensiveyourself,orbeingjudgmentalwillconfirmtheiranxiety.Whenapersonisdefensive,they'reactingonemotion.Ifemotionsarerunninghigh,youmaywanttowalkawayforawhile,collectyourthoughts,andcomebacktotheconversationlateruntilyoufeelincontrol.?3

Onewaytomanagedefensivenessistofollowsomecommunicationgroundrules.Forexample,youmightagreethateachpersongetsthechancetospeakwithoutinterruptionwhiletheotherpersonlistens.?4Thenswitchroles.Inthisway,youcanaddstructuretoyourconversation.

5Doingthatmayhelpyoutakethingslesspersonallyandavoidgettingthemtothinkthatyou'rejudgingthem.Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstandwhytheyfeeldefensive.Ifit'saresponsetosomethingyousaidordidoryourtone,apologizeforthatandtryadifferentapproachnexttime.

Passage7

A.Gettingdefensiveprotectsyouandyourfeelings.

B.Youshouldgetcuriousabouttheotherperson'sopinion.

C.Defensivenessisusuallybornoutoffearofrefusalorjudgment.

D.Itmakessensethatyouwanttopickuphelpfultipsoncopingwithit.

E.There'realsosituationswheredefensivenesscreatesanunhealthystate.

F.Ifthisisthecase,communicatetotheotherpersonthatyouneedspace.

G.Thelistenercanreflectontheinformationreceivedandconfirmthespeaker'sfeelings.Passage7本文是說明文。文章主要闡述了應對防衛(wèi)心理的方法。1.A考查細節(jié)句?？蘸筇岬?而且這是你在面對棘手或討厭的人或情況時逃避責任的一種方式"。故選A項"有防衛(wèi)心理會保護你和你的感情"。2.C考查細節(jié)句。C項"防衛(wèi)心理通常源于對拒絕或評判的恐懼"與下文銜接緊密,C項中的"fear"和"judgment"對應空后的"judgmental"和"anxiety"。3.F考查細節(jié)句?？涨疤岬?你可能想要先走開一會兒,整理一下思緒,直到你能冷靜下來再回到談話中",F項"如果是這種情況,跟對方說你需要空間"承接上文。F項的"thecase"與上文呼應。4.G考查過渡句?？涨疤岬?每個人都有機會不受干擾地說話,而另一個人在聽",空后提到"然后交換角色",G項"傾聽者可以思考他們所聽到的,并確認說話者的感受"承上啟下,符合語境。5.B考查主題句?？蘸筇岬?那樣做可以幫助你不那么個人化地看待事情,避免別人認為你在評判他們",故空處應是具體做法。再結(jié)合下文的"Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstand"可知,選B項"你應該對對方的觀點感興趣"。答案

話題:自行車博物館主題語境:人與社會核心素養(yǎng):語言能力詞數(shù):約315

[2022名師原創(chuàng)]Howmanybicyclesdoyouneedinyourlife?For67-year-oldChaiLin,it's1,300andcounting.

Chaihasbeenfondofbicyclessincethe1960swhenhesawsomepeopleridingthetwo-wheeledvehicleinhishomecityLanzhouinNorthwestChina.?1Togetenoughmoney,Chaiusedhistalentforwritingandpaintingtocreateartworksandsoldthemonthestreet.Thankstoalltheeffortsand"crowdfunding"inhisfamily,ChaigotaBritish-madeRaleighin1980.?2

Afterbecomingabusinesspersonandearningenoughtobuyfancymotorbikesandcars,Chai'spassionforbikes,however,didn'tfade.?3TheitemshavebroughtChaienormoussatisfaction,butmanypeoplearoundsayChaihasboughtnothingmorethanapileofuselessmetal.Henevermindsthecomments.Inhiseyes,thebikesalsoshowthedevelopmentofglobalindustrialcivilization.

?4In2009,withthesupportofthelocalgovernment,hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes.Withanareaof18,650squaremeters,themuseumstoresnotonlybikes,butmorethan13,500bike-relatedthingslikebooksandphotos.Themuseumhasbeenselectedasanoff-campusresearchcenterforlocalprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsandispopularwithtourists.?5AVRdevicenowisavailableforvisitorstoexperiencethefeelingofridingondifferenttypesofbikes."Bikescarrypreciousmemoriesofourgeneration.Theydeserveacomfortable‘home’,"Chaisaid.Passage8

A.However,inthatera,abicyclewasaluxury.

B.Theideaofbuildingabikemuseumcametohim.

C.Chaihasconstantlyupgradedthefacilitiesinsideit.

D.Buthisfamilythoughthewasblowingmoneyonnonsense.

E.Chaitreasureditsomuchthathewasevenunwillingtorideit.

F.Withhiscollectiongrowing,therewasnospacetokeepthebikes.

G.Hebegancollectingbikesofvariousbrandsandagesfromaroundtheworld.

本文是記敘文。柴林自幼時起就酷愛自行車,后來他開始收集來自世界各地的自行車,并在當?shù)卣闹С窒?建立了一家自行車博物館。Passage8答案【核心單詞】fadev.逐漸消逝,逐漸消失;(使)變淡,變暗

enormousadj.巨大的,龐大的,極大的luxuryn.奢侈品;奢華;不常有的樂趣(或享受、優(yōu)勢)

treasurev.珍視,珍愛,珍重n.金銀財寶,財富;極貴重的物品,珍品

1.A考查細節(jié)句。空前提到柴林對自行車的喜愛從20世紀60年代就開始了,空后提到為了獲得足夠的錢,他利用自己在寫作和繪畫方面的天賦創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品并在街上售賣,故空處應涉及柴林當時買自行車遇到的困難,A項"然而,在那個時代,自行車是奢侈品"符合語境。2.E考查細節(jié)句。空前提到通過他的努力和家人的"眾籌",柴林在1980年得到了一輛英國制造的自行車,由此可推斷,空處應與柴林得到自行車后的心情或做法等有關(guān),故E項"柴林太珍惜這輛自行車了,以至于他不愿意騎它"能承接上文。3.G考查過渡句?？涨疤岬讲窳謱ψ孕熊嚨臒釔鄄]有消退,空后提到這些物品給他帶來了巨大的滿足感,故空處內(nèi)容應涉及柴林對自行車的熱愛是如何被滿足的,G項"他開始收集來自世界各地的不同品牌、不同年代的自行車"承上啟下?？蘸蟮?Theitems"指代G項中的"bikesofvariousbrandsandages"。4.F考查過渡句。上文提到柴林收集來自世界各地的自行車,空后提到在當?shù)卣闹С窒?柴林投資建立了一家自行車博物館,F項"隨著他的收藏品的不斷增多,他沒有空間去放置自行車了"是上文中柴林的做法帶來的結(jié)果,也是他成立博物館的原因。【易錯點撥】B項"他萌生了建立自行車博物館的想法"雖與本段主旨一致,但是與上文內(nèi)容不銜接,且與下文的"hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes"重復,故可排除。5.C考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后提到的現(xiàn)在一個VR裝置可供游客體驗乘坐不同類型自行車的感覺可知,空處應與博物館內(nèi)部的情況有關(guān),故C項"柴林不斷升級博物館內(nèi)的設施"符合語境。

考點2標題句、主題句和結(jié)論句

話題:與寵物親近主題語境:人與自然核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約326

[2022山東聊城一模]Havingapetcanbeamagicalmomentforalotofpeople.Welcominganewfurryguestinyourlifeconveysafeelingofblissunmatchedbyanythingelse.Unfortunately,manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem.1AccordingtocelebritydogtrainerNicoleEllis,certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatspendingtimewithyourpetscangreatlyhelpyoubondwiththem.Cats,dogs,andotheranimalslovetobeincludedintheactivitiesoftheirhumancompanions.Whetheritisgoingonerrandsorjustchillingathomewatchingamovie,makesureyourfurryfriendsarewithyouandenjoyingthemselves.?2

Anotherthingtokeepinmindisthatplaytimebetweenanownerandtheirpetsisthebestwaytobondandsharewonderfulmomentstogether.Itisimportanttoknowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy.Justlikeeachindividualisdifferent,animalsaredifferentfromeachothertoo.3Notonlywouldtheseactivitieskeepthemingoodhealthandstaveoffboredom,buttheywouldgoalongwaytowardsmakingyouandyourpetscloser.

?4Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommandlike"Sit!"orteachingthemamorecomplexbackflipanddance,yourpetissuretoenjoyyourcompanyandwouldloveyouallthemoreforit.Trainingwouldalsoeasefrustrationasyourpetswouldgrowtobemoreobedientandwell-behaved.5

Passage1

A.Intime,you'llbeinseparable.

B.Justbesuretorewardthemafter.

C.Trainingwouldboostyourconfidence.

D.Alltheanimalsdon'tlikethesameactivities.

E.Exploreandfigureoutwhatwouldbethebestactivities.

F.Mostpeopleforgetthattrainingthepetsandteachingthemtricksisahealthyway.

G.Itisimportantthatyouandyourfurryfriendhaveahealthyandlovingrelationship.Passage1

【考點突破】七選五有些設空簡明地概括了一個段落的主要內(nèi)容,或突出了某個段落的主題,或是對某個段落的總結(jié),它們分別稱為標題句、主題句和結(jié)論句。標題句一般自成一行,根據(jù)設空位置很容易分辨出來;主題句大多數(shù)情況下是在段首,有時也在段尾;結(jié)論句基本上都是在段尾。三者考查的都是考生的概括能力。

解答段落標題句這類試題時,首先應根據(jù)設空位置判斷出考查的是段落小標題,即考查對下文段落主要內(nèi)容的總結(jié)歸納;其次,結(jié)合下文找出中心句和關(guān)鍵詞句,特別留意but,therefore,however等詞后的句子;最后,識別關(guān)鍵詞和哪個選項呼應。段落標題句一般短小精悍,一旦中心意思匹配,該選項即是答案。

段落主題句或結(jié)論句通常言簡意賅,能夠高度概括某段的大意或總結(jié)某段或全文的主要內(nèi)容?？忌鷳焖匍喿x整個段落,把握大意,選擇能夠體現(xiàn)整段主要意思或能夠總結(jié)本段所講內(nèi)容的選項,最后還要帶入原文檢驗是否與整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)及大意相符。答案

這是一篇說明文,主要介紹了一些和寵物建立親密關(guān)系的方法。1.G考查過渡句。根據(jù)上文中的"manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem"可知,許多新養(yǎng)寵物的人需要一段時間來適應和他們的寵物相處,并努力與它們建立親密的關(guān)系;根據(jù)下文中的"certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend"可知,一些步驟可以幫助你和你的寵物更親近,并最終成為它最好的朋友?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?說明你和寵物建立怎樣的關(guān)系,G項"你和你毛茸茸的朋友之間有一個健康而有愛的關(guān)系是很重要的"符合語境,且G項中的"relationship"與上文中的"bond"相呼應,故選G。2.A考查結(jié)論句。根據(jù)上文可知,你要確保你的寵物和你待在一起并且玩得開心。本空為本段最后一句,應說明這一做法帶來的結(jié)果,A項"假以時日,你們會形影不離"符合語境,故選A。3.E考查細節(jié)句。下文提到了"theseactivities",那么本空應與"這些活動"有關(guān),E項"探索并找出最好的活動"符合語境,且與上文中的"knowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy"相呼應,故選E。4.F考查主題句。根據(jù)下文中的"Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommand...well-behaved"可知,本段主要介紹了訓練寵物的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,F項"大多數(shù)人忘記了訓練寵物和教它們一些技巧是一種健康的方式"能概括本段的主旨,且F項中的"training"和"teaching"與下文中的"teaching"和"Train