2018年陜西省咸陽(yáng)市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷

第第頁(yè)共14頁(yè)2018年陜西省咸陽(yáng)市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑．Awomanisoftencaughtinmultipleresponsibilities,whichhardlyallowshertotakeabreakandbreathe．However,manywomenaretakinginterestinhavingsomeadventureandunusualvacation．sHerearesomeadventurousideasthatyoucanchoosefrom．YellowstoneNationalParkAgreatadventureplace,YellowstoneNationalParkoffersthepleasureofhiking,whichattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear．NorrisGeyserBasinMuseum,FishingBridge,GrantvillageandAlbrightaresomeofthefamousvisitorcenters．ThereisalsoanoptionoftakingupaYellowstoneParkwildlifetour,whichincludesaguideservice,vansandboatstoallowyouacloserlookatthewildlifeinYellowstone．ColoradoRiverRaftingColoradoRiverraftingoffershikinginCanyonlandsandArchesNationalParkwhichisfollowedbyfivedayColoradoRiverrafting．It'sacompleteadventuretripfilledwithexcitementandchallenge．However,thereareprofessionalstoguideandgivesomesafetytipsbeforeyoustart．Tomakethetripmorefascinating,thisvacationpackagecomeswithriversidecampingtoo．MontanaSkiTripEverthoughtofSkiinginthesnowcoveredmountainsofMontana?ThislargecityislocatedintheWesternUnitedStates.Itssnow-cappedmountainshavegivenrisetomanyskiingresortsAmongthem,GreatDivide,BridgerBowlSkiArea,BigSkyResortandTurnerMountainKeyResortaresomeofthewell-knownandcommonlyvisitedplaces.Theseresortshavemanywinteractivitiesandskiingisamongthemostpopularadventureactivitiesbythetourists.DiveInDoyoulovetoexplorethelifeunderwater?Ifyouranswerisyes,thengoscubadiving.Thevastoceansholdmanydifferentandlovelywaterspecieswhichareanamazingsighttowatch.FloatthroughthedeepbluewatersofCozumel,Fiji,CaymanIslandsandBelize.Scubadivingisoneuniquewatersportwhereonecandiveintotheseaandenjoyswimmingalongwithdifferentwaterspecies.Chooseoneandchallengeyourself!（1）.WhatcanHvisitorsdoinYellowstoneNationalPark？Goskiing.B.Haveaguidetour.C.Watchwildlife.D.Gohiking.（2）.Whichplacecanyouenjoylifeunderwater？ArchesNationalPark.B.Belize.C.GreatDivide.D.Grantvillage.（3）.Inwhichmagazinecanyouprobablyfindthistext？Women'sHealthCare.B.WildlifeProtection.C.TravellingGuide.D.Readers'Digest.Itwashardtoaccept,buttheawfuldayhadfinallyarrived.Istillrememberthetearsrollingdownmysix-year-oldsister'scheeksasshelookedaroundtheemptyclosetinwonder:Thespaceoncefilledwithhisclothesnowheldonlylonelinessandsorrow.Thislittlechildhadcometorealizethatherfatherwasgone.Hehadleftus,andtherewassimplynowaytoit.Beingtheoldestoffourgirlshasneverbeeneasy,butwiththedepartureofourfather,ourworldanddreamswerebrokenbeyondrepair.Mymother,themostamazinglywarm-heartedpersonintheworld,hasworkedharderthananyoneshouldsimplytomendourbrokenhousehold.However,longhoursatworkoftenpreventedherfromphysicallybeingthereinourtimesofneed.ThisiswhereIhavesteppedupasthetemporarycaretakerofmythreesmallsisters.Manystudentswriteessaysabouttheirleadershippositionsinschoolandthecommunity,butIfeelthatmygreatestaccomplishmentistheroleIhaveplayedwithinmyownfamily.Senioryearinhighschoolisnotsimpleforanyone,especiallywhenitfeelsliketheentireworldisrestingonyourshoulders,butthisishowIhavefeltforthepasttwoyears.Ihavecontinuallytriedtofulfillthedreammymotherholdsformyfuture.Mymotherwasnotabletocompletehercollegeeducation,andsothissuccessisthetoppriority（當(dāng)務(wù)之急）forherchildren.Aleaderisdefinedasonewhohasinfluenceonothers.Ihopethatmyleadershipaffectsthelivesofmysistersandeveryonearoundme.Indevotingmyselftomyfamilyandschool,IhavesetgoalsthatIwilldoanythingtoaccomplish.Iamanextremelydeterminedindividual,andmyuniversitywillhelpmetakethenextstepinclimbingtheladderofsuccess.（1）.Theauthortooktheresponsibilityoftakingcareofherfamilybecause.shehad3sisterstosupport.herfatherpassedaway.shehadtofulfillthedreamsofherfamily.hermothercouldn'tcompletehercollegeeducation.（2）.Theunderlinedword"reverse"inthe1stparagraphcanbereplacedby.change.B.doubt.C.admit.D.exchange.（3）.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext？Theauthorhasnointentiontogotouniversity.Theauthorispessimisticaboutherfuture.Theauthor'sessayisaboutherleadershipinherfamily.Theauthor'sleadershipwillinfluenceothersexcepthermother.（4）.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext？MyFamilyMembers．B.MyNewRole．C.MyUniversityDream．D.MyFather'sDeath．Mostofusareguiltyoftextingwhilewalking．Wecan9thelpreplyingtothatmessagewejustreceived．However,whileit'sfuntokeepupwiththelatestgossip,wemayactuallybeputtingourselvesindanger．AteamofresearchersfromtwoUKuniversitiesrecentlyfoundthatpeoplewhousetheirphoneswhileonthemovewalkdifferentlythanusual．"Recently,apersoninfrontofmewaswalkingveryslowlyandwinding,andIthought,‘Isthispersondmnk?'"MattewTimmis,co-authorofthestudy,toldtheGuardian.Itturnedoutthatthepersonwasjusttexting．Inspiredbythis,Timmisandhisteamsetouttodiscovertheeffectsofphoneuseonhowwewalkacrossstreets.Agroupof21volunteerswereaskedtowalkaroundasimulatedstreet,completewithobstaclessuchasastep.Theparticipantstraveledthecourseatotalof12timeseach,eitherwritingorreadingamessage,makingacall,orwithnophoneatall.Ittookthevolunteers118percentlongertocompletethecoursewhenusingaphone.Theyalsofocusedonthestepobstacle60percentmoreandpaidattentiontothetravelpath51percentmorewhentheyweren'tusingaphone.Althoughtherewerenoaccidents,Timmisbelievesweshouldstillbeawareofwhat'sgoingonaroundus."Thebigriskhereissuddenly-appearingdangers,likeapedestrian(行人)suddenlywalkinginfrontofyou,"hetoldtheGuardian."Youarenotgoingtobeabletorespondtothatasefficiently,whichincreasestheriskofinjury."Tobringattentiontothedangersof"textwalking",atemporary"textinglane"wassetupinAntwerp,Belgiumin2015.Andearlierthisyear,aspecialcrosswalkwithflashingredlightsonthegroundtogettheattentionoftexterswassetupinWuhan,Hubei.'Textingwhilewalkingcanleadtorunningintopolesorotherpedestrians.Youcouldevenbeendangeringyourownlifewhenyoucrossthestreetwithoutlookingup,"aspokespersonforthecompanythatmadetheAntwerptextinglanetoldtheGuardian.(28)It'sacommonproblemaroundtheworld.Ithascausedmoretrafficaccidents.Peopleareriskingtheirliveswhiletexting.Peoplewalkinadifferentwaywhentexting.(29)12percentlonger.51percentlonger.60percentlonger.118percentlonger.(30)Toprovideasafelanefortextwalking.Towarnofthedangersoftextwalking.Togiveanexampleofamodemlane.Toattractmorepeopletowalkinthelane.(31)Wetaketheriskofourlivestoreplytoamessage.Thevolunteerstraveledthecourseusingtheirphones.Thespecialcrosswalkhelpsavoidaccidents.Thevolunteerscarriedouttheexperimentinatextinglane.Mostofusareguiltyoftextingwhilewalking.Wecan9thelpreplyingtothatmessagewejustreceived.However，whileit'sfuntokeepupwiththelatestgossip，wemayactuallybeputtingourselvesindanger.AteamofresearchersfromtwoUKuniversitiesrecentlyfoundthatpeoplewhousetheirphoneswhileonthemovewalkdifferentlythanusual."Recently，apersoninfrontofmewaswalkingveryslowlyandwinding，andIthought，‘Isthispersondmnk？'"MattewTimmis，co-authorofthestudy，toldtheGuardian.Itturnedoutthatthepersonwasjusttexting.Inspiredbythis，Timmisandhisteamsetouttodiscovertheeffectsofphoneuseonhowwewalkacrossstreets.Agroupof21volunteerswereaskedtowalkaroundasimulatedstreet，completewithobstaclessuchasastep.Theparticipantstraveledthecourseatotalof12timeseach，eitherwritingorreadingamessage，makingacall，orwithnophoneatall.Ittookthevolunteers118percentlongertocompletethecoursewhenusingaphone.Theyalsofocusedonthestepobstacle60percentmoreandpaidattentiontothetravelpath51percentmorewhentheyweren'tusingaphone.Althoughtherewerenoaccidents，Timmisbelievesweshouldstillbeawareofwhat'sgoingonaroundus."Thebigriskhereissuddenly-appearingdangers，likeapedestrian(行人)suddenlywalkinginfrontofyou，"hetoldtheGuardian."Youarenotgoingtobeabletorespondtothatasefficiently，whichincreasestheriskofinjury."Tobringattentiontothedangersof"textwalking"，atemporary"textinglane"wassetupinAntwerp，Belgiumin2015.Andearlierthisyear，aspecialcrosswalkwithflashingredlightsonthegroundtogettheattentionoftexterswassetupinWuhan，Hubei.'Textingwhilewalkingcanleadtorunningintopolesorotherpedestrians.Youcouldevenbeendangeringyourownlifewhenyoucrossthestreetwithoutlookingup，"aspokespersonforthecompanythatmadetheAntwerptextinglanetoldtheGuardian.(28)It'sacommonproblemaroundtheworld.Ithascausedmoretrafficaccidents.Peopleareriskingtheirliveswhiletexting.Peoplewalkinadifferentwaywhentexting.(29)12percentlonger.51percentlonger.60percentlonger.118percentlonger.(30)Toprovideasafelanefortextwalking.Towarnofthedangersoftextwalking.Togiveanexampleofamodemlane.Toattractmorepeopletowalkinthelane.(31)Wetaketheriskofourlivestoreplytoamessage.Thevolunteerstraveledthecourseusingtheirphones.Thespecialcrosswalkhelpsavoidaccidents.Thevolunteerscarriedouttheexperimentinatextinglane.第第5頁(yè)共14頁(yè)Youdon'thavetobeascientisttosolvebigenvironmentalproblemsOneDutchdesignerisfindingcreativewaystomakeachange-andhe'sinvitingcycliststojoinhim.DaanRoosegaarde,38,isadesignerfromtheNetherlandsHeusescreativeideastoimprovecitylife.HelaunchedtheSmogFreeProjecttoreduceurbansmogandgivepeoplethe"gift"offreshair:HislatestideaistoworkwithengineersatChinesebike-sharingcompanyOfotocreateanewproductforpublicuse-anair-cleaningdeviceattachedtoabicycle.Insmoggyweather,thedevicewouldsuckuptheairinfrontofthebikeandblowoutcleanairtowardthecyclistsfaceAnotherpartoftheprojectistheSmogFreeTower:In2014,DaansawBeijing'sfamousCCTVbuildingcoveredinsmog.HewasinspiredtodosomethingaboutitSohedesigneda7-meter-hightowerthatcouldpurifypollutedairoutside.Bothofthemuseaprocesswhichcollectsharmfulparticlesfromtheair,suchasPM2.5Thetowerpurifiestheairbygivingoutpositiveions(離子),whichstickthemselvestopollutants.Then,ascreeninsidethetower,whichisnegativelycharged(帶負(fù)電荷的),willdrawthepositiveionsalongwiththepollutants."Takeaballoonandpolishitwithyourhandtoproducestatic(靜電)--it'sthesameprinciple,"Daansaid.It'snosecretthatairpollutionisabigproblemforChinesecities.Duringthewintermonths,smogiscommoninlargeareasofChina,whichiscausedlargelybytheburningofcoalandcaremissionsIn2016,onlyonequarterofChina'scitiesmetthecountry'sairqualitystandards,accordingtoasurveyof338citiesnationwidebytheMinistryofEnvironmentalProtection."Ofcourse,onetowerandafewbikeswon'tsolveChinasairpollutionproblem,"Daanadded,uButsmog-freebikesareanexcitingideathatwillhopefullyhelptowardcreatinggreenercities".WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDaan'sair-cleaningdevice?ltcouldcompletelycleanthepollutedair.ltwouldbefixedonthebackofabicycle.ltwouldmainlycleantheairinfrontofcyclists.Bikeswiththisdevicewouldcostcyclistsmoremoney.HowdoestheSmogFreeTowerworkaccordingtothearticle?ltgivesoutnegativeionstocollectpollutantsltsscreenscanbreakdownharmfulparticles.lthasmanylayersofscreensthatgatherpollutantsD」tdrawsinpollutantsthesamewayasstaticworks.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?Daanbelievesinthepositiveinfluenceofsmog-freebikes.DaanthinkshisworkhasgreatlyimprovedChina'sairquality.Daanisgoingtotryhisair-cleaningdeviceoncars.(1)(1).Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?ToofferagoodsolutiontoChina'sairpollutionproblemTotellhowsharedbikescanhelpprotecttheenvironmentTointroduceDaanRoosegaardecreativeSmogFreeProjectTodiscusstheproblemsofDaanRoosegaardeJslatestinvention第二節(jié)(滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?選項(xiàng)中有兩頊為多余選項(xiàng)(1)OneofthemostimportantstepstobecomingamentallystrongpersonistobelieveinyourselfRemovethosecomplaintsoutofyourlifeforgoodandtellyourselfthatyou'rereadyformoreandyou'llsucceedinwhateveryouwant.Becomeabitmoreconfidentandstartsaying"Icandoit!"insteadofthephrase'Tlltry...11.Ifyouwanttochangetheworld,startfromchangingyourselffirstRemember,it'snevertoolatetostartlookingforsuccessandhappiness.Areyouasuccessfulandmentallystrongperson?FollowyourdreamsBelieveinyourstrengthTakeyourowndecisionsMentallystrongpeoplecanseethebrightsideoflifeMentallystrongpeoplewaituntilthey'rereadytoactBeingabeginnerisalwaysdifficultasthere'snoonetohelpyouLearnfromyourmistakestobecomeamentallystrongperson第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)完形填空(每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.Withthecomingofthenewyear2018,Ithinkit"simportantthatwetakethetimetoreflectonourselvesThepasttwoyearsofmylifehavedefinitelybeenthehardestAsI(1)backonthehardesttwoyearsinmylife,Ifindmyoutlookonlifehaschangedforthe(2)Twoyearsago,mymothergotlostbecauseofAlzhaimer'sdisease.Shewasmybestfriendandhadstrong(3)inme.Sheneverletme(4)Withoutherbymyside,(5)andbelievinginwhateverIdid,Istoppedbelievinginmyselfand(6)Ididn'twanttobealive.Iwasstuckinaterriblecycleof(7),pain,anger,sadnessandlonelinessForthefirsttimeinmylifesomanynewconfusingthings(8)withmymother'sbeinglostmademetoo(9)andfragile.(10),Iwasgoingthroughadolescence.I(11)sohardtodealwiththis(12)andeverythingtohappen.Somyjourneyto(13)andself-discoveringbegan.It(14)somanysocialworkers,teachersandfriendstohelpmerealizeIs(15)loveandhappiness.Theirhugesupporthelpedmeto(16)mylifearound.Idiscoveredthatinspiteofthehardshipswehadexperienced,the(17)ofthehumanspiritandourinnerstrengthcanbe(18)backup.Inowsharemystorytoconnectwithand(19)people.Sorrowdoesn'tdefineorcontrolone?slife.Everyonehasapurposeandvaluesforlife.Thereisonlyoneofyouanditisyour(20)thatmakesyoubeautiful.第6頁(yè)共14頁(yè)12）12）第7頁(yè)共14頁(yè)◎第8頁(yè)共14頁(yè)A.come（2）A.better（3）A.interest（4）A.giveout（5）A.supporting（6）A.especially（7）A.fearB.callC.goD.lookB.richerC.higherD.strongerB.faithC.delightD.courageB.giveoffC.giveupD.giveawayB.protectingC.preventingD.caringB.particularlyC.eventuallyD.speciallyB.embarrassmentC.excitementD.relaxation（8）A.satisfied（9）A.eager（10）A.However（11）A.foughtB.combinedC.occupiedD.annoyedB.shyB.BesidesB.triedC.sensitiveD.shamefulA.loss（13）B.spiritsC.valuesD.controlA.returningB.survivingC.relievingD.healing（14）A.tookB.consumedC.permittedD.allowed（15）A.preservedB.reservedC.deservedD.observed（16）A.carryB.giveC.turnD.have（17）A.powerB.methodC.attitudeD.skill（18）A.keptB.caughtC.putD.built（19）A.approachB.chooseC.inspireD.recognize（20）A.courageB.independenceC.uniquenessD.honestyC.ThusC.struggledD.ThereforeD.insisted第二節(jié)（每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式．7.Amongtheskillsmtodayssociety，beingabletoreadisanimportantone，becauseitdevelopsthemindandimagination．Readingrequiresyoutofocusandthinkaboutwhatyouarereadingsoastoimproveyourconcentrationandfocus．Readingrequiresyou（61）（remember）details，facts，figures，plotlines，（62）（theme）andcharacters，whichmakesyouuseyourbrain．Themoreyouread，more（63）（knowledge）youwillecomeandwithmoreknowledgecomesmoreonfldence．Readingaboutthediversityoflife（64）（help）todevelopthecreativesideofthebrainandbringnewideasintoyourthinkingprocess．Whenyouarereadingbooks，especiallychallengingones，youwill（65）第第9頁(yè)共14頁(yè)◎第10頁(yè)共14頁(yè)（probable）findyourself（66）（expose）tomanynewwords．Readingisoneofthemostenjoyablehobbies．Readingcanhelpyougetaccess（67）diversityofnationalfeatureofpeople，theircustomsandlifestyles．You'llmemoreawareofdifferentplaces．Readinghelpstostrengthenyourmemorymuscles，ingreallywidensyourhorizonofinformation（68）sometimeshelpsyououtofanembarrassingsituation（69）youdon'thaveanythingtotalkabout．Apersonwh