2013年12月英語四級真題及答案(第三套)

2013.12英語四級考試真題試卷（第三套）PartIWriting(30minutes)聽力音頻地址：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheimpactoftheInternetonthewaypeoplecommunicateandthenexplainwhetherelectroniccommunicationcanreplaceface-to-facecontact.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上1.A)Planhisbudgetcarefully.B)Givehermoreinformation.C)Asksomeoneelseforadvice.D)Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.2.A)She'llhavesomechocolatecake.B)She'lltakealookatthemenu.C)She'llgowithoutdessert.D)She'llpreparethedinner.3.A)Themancanspeakaforeignlanguage.B)ThewomanhopestoimproveherEnglish.C)Thewomanknowsmanydifferentlanguages.D)Themanwishestovisitmanymorecountries.4.A)Gotothelibrary.B)Meetthewoman.C)SeeProf.Smith.D)Haveadrinkinthebar.5.A)Sheisn'tsurewhenProf.Bloomwillbeback.B)Themanshouldn'tbelateforhisclass.C)Themancancomebacksometimelater.D)Shecanpassonthemessagefortheman.6.A)Hehasastrangepersonality.B)He'sgotemotionalproblems.C)Hisillnessisbeyondcure.D)Hisbehaviorishardtoexplain.7.A)Theticketsaremoreexpensivethanexpected.B)Theticketsaresoldinadvanceathalfprice.C)It'sdifficulttobuytheticketsonthespot.D)It'sbettertobuytheticketsbeforehand.8.A)Heturnedsuddenlyandranintoatree.B)Hewashitbyafallenboxfromatruck.C)Hedrovetoofastandcrashedintoatruck.D)Hewastryingtoovertakethetruckaheadofhim.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)TogoboatingontheSt.LawrenceRiver.B)TogosightseeinginQuebecProvince.C)TocallonafriendinQuebecCity.D)ToattendaweddinginMontreal.10.A)StudythemapofQuebecProvince.B)FindmoreaboutQuebecCity.C)BrushuponherFrench.D)Learnmoreaboutthelocalcustoms.11.A)It'smostbeautifulinsummer.B)Ithasmanyhistoricalbuildings.C)Itwasgreatlyexpandedinthe18thcentury.D)It'stheonlyFrench-speakingcityinCanada.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Itwasaboutalittleanimal.B)Ittookhersixyearstowrite.C)Itwasadaptedfromafairytale.D)Itwasaboutalittlegirlandherpet.13.A)Sheknowshowtowritebest-sellingnovels.B)Shecanearnalotofmoneybywritingforadults.C)Sheisabletowinenoughsupportfrompublishers.D)Shecanmakealivingbydoingwhatshelikes.14.A)Thecharacters.B)Thereaders.C)Herideas.D)Herlifeexperiences.15.A)Shedoesn'treallyknowwheretheyoriginated.B)Shemainlydrewonstoriesofancientsaints.C)Theypoppedoutofherchildhooddreams.D)Theygrewoutofherlonghoursofthinking.PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.16.A)Monitorstudents'sleeppatterns.B)Helpstudentsconcentrateinclass.C)Recordstudents'weeklyperformance.D)Askstudentstocompleteasleepreport.17.A)Declininghealth.B)Lackofattention.C)Lossofmotivation.D)Improperbehavior.18.A)Theyshouldmakesuretheirchildrenarealwayspunctualforschool.B)Theyshouldensuretheirchildrengrowupinahealthyenvironment.C)Theyshouldhelptheirchildrenaccomplishhigh-qualitywork.D)Theyshouldseetoitthattheirchildrenhaveadequatesleep.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Shestoppedbeingahomemaker.B)Shebecameafamouseducator.C)Shebecameapublicfigure.D)Shequitdrivingaltogether.20.A)Amotorist'sspeeding.B)Herrunningastopsign.C)Herlackofdrivingexperience.D)Amotorist'sfailuretoconcentrate.21.A)Nervousandunsureofherself.B)Calmandconfidentofherself.C)Courageousandforceful.D)Distractedandreluctant.22.A)Morestricttrainingofwomendrivers.B)Restrictionsoncellphoneusewhiledriving.C)Improvedtrafficconditionsincities.D)Newregulationstoensurechildren'ssafety.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Theyhaven'tdevoteditsmuchenergytomedicineastospacetravel.B)Therearetoomanykindsofcoldvirusesforthemtoidentify.C)Itisnoteconomicaltofindacureforeachtypeofcold.D)Theybelievepeoplecanrecoverwithouttreatment.24.A)Theyrevealtheseriousnessoftheproblem.B)Theyindicatehowfastthevirusspreads.C)Theytelluswhatkindofmedicinetotake.D)Theyshowourbodyisfightingthevirus.25.A)Itactuallydoesmoreharmthangood.B)Itcausesdamagetosomeorgansofourbody.C)Itworksbetterwhencombinedwithotherremedies.D)Ithelpsustorecovermuchsooner.Youprobablyhavenoticedthatpeopleexpresssimilarideasindifferentways,dependingonthesituationtheyarein.Thisisvery(26)level.Englishisno(27).Alllanguageshavetwogenerallevelsofusage:aformallevelandaninformal.Thedifferenceinthesetwolevelsisthesituationinwhichyouusea(28)level.Formallanguageisthekindoflanguageyoufindintextbooks,(29)wouldalsouseformalEnglishincompositionsand(30)thatyouwriteinschool.Informallanguageis,andinbusinessletters.Youusedinconversationwithcolleagues,familymembersandfriends,andwhenwewrite(31)toclosefriends.notesorlettersFormallanguageisdifferentfrominformallanguage(32).First,formallanguagetendstobemorepolite.Whatwemayfindinterestingisthatitusuallytakesmorewordstobepolite.Forexample,Imightsaytoafriendorafamilymember."Closethedoor,please."buttoa(33)closingthedoor?",Iprobablywouldsay,"WouldyoumindAnotherdifferencebetweenformalandinformallanguageissomeofthe(34).Thereareboundtobesomewordsandphrasesthat(35)formallanguageandothersthatareinformal.Let'ssaythatIreallylikesoccer.IfI'mtalkingtomyfriend,Imightsay"I'mjustcrazyaboutsoccer!"ButifIweretalkingtomyboss,Iwouldprobablysay"Ireallyenjoysoccer."Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themobilephoneisamagicdevicewidelyusedthesedays.Althoughithasbeennearly30yearssincethefirstcommercialmobile-phonenetworkwaslaunched,advertisershaveyettofigureouthowtogettheir(36)outtomobile-phoneusersinabigway.Thereare2.2billioncell-phoneusersworldwide,a(37)thatisgrowingbyabout25%eachyear.Yetspendingonadscarriedovercell-phonenetworkslastyear(38)tojust$1.5billionworldwide,afractionofthe$424billionglobaladmarket.Butasthenumberofeyeballsgluedto(39)screensmultiplies,sotoodoesthemobilephone'svalueasausingtheirphonesforthingsotherthanvoicecalls,suchaspocketbillboard(廣告牌)Consumersare(40)textmessaging,downloadingsongsandgames,and(41)theInternet.By2010,70millionAsiansareexpectedtobewatchingvideosandTVprogramsonmobilephones.Alloftheseactivitiesgiveadvertisers(42)optionsforreachingaudiences.Duringsoccer'sWorldCuplastsummer,forexample,Adidasusedreal-timescoresandgamesto(43)audiencewasmalesaged17to25,"saysMarcusSpurrell,AdidasregionalmanagerforAsia."Theirmobilesarealwayson,alwaysintheirpocket-youjustcan't(44)cellphonesasanadvertisingtool."Mobile-phonemarketinghasbecomeas(45)aplatformasTV,onlineorprint.thousandsoffanstoawebsitesetupformobile-phoneaccess."OurtargetAMessontheLadderofSuccessA)ThroughoutAmericanhistorytherehasalmostalwaysbeenatleastonecentraleconomicnarrativethatgavetheambitiousorunsatisfiedreasontopackupandseektheirfortuneelsewhere.Forthefirst300orsoyearsofEuropeansettlement,thestorywasaboutmovingoutward:gettingimmigrantstothecontinentandthentothefrontiertocleartheprairies(大草原),drainthewetlandsandbuildnewcities.B)Bytheendofthe19thcentury,asthefrontiervanished,theUShadamildpanicattack.Whatwouldthisenergetic,enterprisingcountrybewithoutnewlandstoconquer?Somepeople,suchasTeddyRoosevelt,decidedtokeeponconquering(Cuba,thePhilippines,etc.),buteventually,inindustrialization,theUSfoundanewnarrativeofeconomicmobilityathome.Fromthe1890stothe1960s,peoplemovedfromfarmtocity,firstintheNorthandthenintheSouth.Infact,bythe1950s,therewasenoughprosperityandwhite-collarworkthatmanybegantomovetothesuburbs.Asthepopulationaged,therewasalsoashiftfromthecoldRustBelttothecomfortsoftheSunBelt.Wethinkofthisasanoldperson'smigration,butitcreatedmanyjobsfortheyounginconstructionandhealthcare,nottomentiontourism,retailandrestaurants.C)Forthelast20yearsfromtheendofthecoldwarthroughtwoburstbubblesinasingledecade-theUShasbeencastingaboutforitsnexteconomicnarrative.Andnowitisexperiencinganotherperiodofpanic,whichisbadnewsformuchoftheworkforcebutparticularlyforitsyoungestmembers.D)TheUShasalwaysbeenaremarkablymobilecountry,butnewdatafromtheCensusBureauindicatethatmobilityhasreacheditslowestlevelinrecordedhistory.Sure,somepeoplearestuckinhomesvaluedatlessthantheirmortgages(抵押貸款),butmanyyoungpeople-whodon'townhomesanddon'tyethavefamilies-arestayingput,too.Thissuggests,amongotherthings,thatpeoplearen'tpackingupforneweconomicopportunitiesthewaytheyusedto.Ratherthandividingthecountryintothe1percentersversus(與......相對)everyoneelse,thesplitinoureconomyisreallybetweentwootherclasses:themobileandimmobile.E)Partoftheproblemisthatthecountry'slargestindustriesareindecline.Inthepast,itwasperfectlyclearwhereyoungpeopleshouldgoforwork(Chicagointhe1870s,Detroitinthe1910s,Houstoninthe1970s)and,moreorless,whatthey'dbedoingwhentheygotthere(killingcattle,buildingcars,sellingoil).Andtheseindustrieswerelargeenoughtoofferjobstoeachclassofworker,fromunskilledlaborertomanagerorengineer.Today,thefewbrightspotsinoureconomyarerelativelysmall(thoughsomepromisefuturegrowth)anddecentralized.TherearegreatjobsinSiliconValley,inthebiotechresearchcapitalsofBostonandRaleigh-Durhamandinadvancedmanufacturingplantsalongthesouthernz-85corridor.Thesecompaniesrecruitalloverthecountryandtheglobeforworkerswithspecificabilities.(Youdon'tneedtobethenextMarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook.togetajobinoneofthemicrohubs(微中心),bytheway.ButyouwillalmostcertainlyneedatleastaB.A.incomputerscienceorayearortwoatatechnicalschool.)Thisnewer,selectjobmarketisnational,anditoffersmembersofthemobileclasscompetitivesalariesandhigherbargainingpower.F)Manymembersoftheimmobileclass,ontheotherhand,liveintheAmericaofthegloomyheadlines.Ifyouhavenospecializedskills,there'slittlereasontouproottoanotherstateandbethelastinlineforalow-payingjobatanewautoplantoragreen-energystartup.Thesurpriseinthecensus(普查)data,however,isthattheimmobileworkforceisnotlimitedtounskilledworkers.Infact,manyhaveacollegedegree.G)Untilnow,aB.A.inanysubjectwasanear-guaranteeofatleastmiddle-classwages.Buttoday,aquarterofcollegegraduatesmakelessthanthetypicalworkerwithoutabachelor'sdegree.DavidAutor,aprominentlaboreconomistatM.I.T.,recentlytoldmethatacollegedegreealoneisnolongeraguarantorofagoodjob.Whilegraduatesfromtopuniversitiesarestilllikelytogetagoodjobnomatterwhattheirmajoris,hesaid,graduatesfromless-famousschoolsaregoingtobejudgedonwhattheyknow.Tocompeteforjobsonanationallevel,theyshouldbearmedwiththeskillsthatemergingindustriesneed,whethertechnicalornot.H)Thosewithoutsuchspecializedskills-likepoetry,orevenhistory,majors-arealreadycompetingwiththeirneighborsforthesamesortsofsecond-rate,poorer-payinglocaljobslikelow-levelmanagementorbig-boxretailsales.Andwiththelow-skilledlabormarketatomizedintothousandsofmicroeconomics,immobileworkersarelessabletodemandbetterwagesorconditionsortoacquirevaluableskills.I)Sowhat,exactly,shouldtheambitiousyoungworkeroftodaybelearning?Unfortunately,it'shardtosay,sincetheUSdoesn'thaveoneclearnationalproject.Thereareplentyofemerging,smallerindustries,butwhichonesarethemostpromising?(Nanotechnology's(納米技術(shù))momentofremarkablegrowthseemstohavebeen5yearsintothefutureforsomethinglike20yearsnow.)It'snotclearexactlywhatskillsaremostneededoriftheywillevenbevaluableinadecade.J)Whatisclearisthatallsortsofgovernmentissues--education.health-insuranceportability,workerretraining-arenolongerjustbonusestoalreadyprosperouslivesbutexistentialrequirements.It'sinallofourintereststomakesurethatasmanypeopleaspossibleareabletomovetowardopportunity,andAmerica'sabilitytoinvestpeopleandmoneyinexcitingnewideasisstillgreaterthanthatofmostotherwealthycountries.(Asrecentlyasfiveyearsago,USmigrationwastwicetherateofEuropeanUnionstates.)That,atleast,issomecomfortatatimewhenournationaleconomyseemstobesearchingforitsnextstoryline.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。46.Unlikeinthepast,acollegedegreealonedoesnotguaranteeagoodjobforitsholder.47.Thecensusdataissurprisinginthatcollegegraduatesarealsoamongtheimmobileworkforce.48.NewfiguresreleasedbythegovernmentshowthatAmericanstodayarelessmobilethaneverbefore.49.Themigrationofoldpeoplefromcoldtowarmplacesmademanyjobsavailabletotheyoung.50.Americaisbetteratinnovationthanmostotherrichnations-51.EarlyAmericanhistoryisoneofmovingoutward.52.Youngpeopledon'tknowwhattolearnbecauseitishardtopredictwhatskillsaremostneededorvaluedtenyearsfromnow.53.Computerorothertechnicalskillsareneededtogetawell-payingjobinhigh-techoradvancedmanufacturing.54.Whenthefrontiervanishedaboutacenturyago,Americafoundneweconomicmobilityinindustrialization.55.Americatodaycanbedividedintotwoclasses:thosewhomoveandthosewhodon't.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Anewstudyshowsalargegendergaponeconomicpolicyamongthenation'sprofessionaleconomists,adividesimilartothegenderdividefoundinthegeneralpublic."Asagroup,wearepro-market."saysAnnMariMay.co-authorofthestudyandaUniversityofNebraskaeconomist."Butwomenaremorelikelytoacceptgovernmentregulationandinvolvementineconomicactivitythanourmalecolleagues.""It'sverypuzzling,"saysfreemarketeconomistVeroniquedeRugyoftheMercatusCenteratGeorgeMasonUniversity."NotadaygoesbythatIdon'taskmyselfwhytherearesofewwomeneconomistsonthefreemarketside."AnativeofFrance,deRugysupportedgovernmentintervention(干預(yù))earlyinherlifebutchangedhermindafterstudyingeconomics."Wewantmanyofthesamethingsasliberals-lesspoverty,morehealthcare-buthaveradicallydifferentideasonhowtoachieveit."LiberaleconomistDeanBaker,co-founderoftheCenterforEconomicPolicyandResearch,saysmaleeconomistshavebeenontheinsideoftheprofession,confirmingeachother'santi-regulationviews.Women,asoutsiders,"aremorelikelytothinkindependentlyoratleastseepeopleoutsideoftheeconomicsprofessionasformingtheirpeergroup,"hesays.Thegenderbalanceineconomicsischanging.One-thirdofeconomicsdoctorates(博士學(xué)位)nowgotowomen."Morediversityisneededatthetablewhenpublicpolicyisdiscussed,"Maysays.Economistsdoagreeonsomethings.FemaleeconomistsagreewithmenthatEuropehastoomuchregulationandthatWal-martisgoodforsociety.Maleeconomistsagreewiththeirfemalecolleaguesthatmilitaryspendingistoohigh.Thegendersaremostdivorcedfromeachotheronthequestionofequalityforwomen.Maleeconomistsoverwhelminglythinkthewagegapbetweenmenandwomenislargelytheresultofindividuals'skills,experienceandvoluntarychoices.Femaleeconomistsoverwhelminglydisagreebyamarginof4-to-1.Thebiggestdisagreement:76%ofwomensayfacultyopportunitiesineconomicsfavormen.Maleeconomistspointtheoppositeway:80%saywomenarefavoredortheprocessisneutral.56.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A)Thegenderdivideisabigconcernofthegeneralpublic.B)Menandwomenunderstandeconomicsquitedifferently.C)Thegapbetweenmaleandfemaleeconomistsneedstobeclosed.D)Maleandfemaleeconomistsdisagreewidelyoneconomicpolicy.57.WhatdoesAnnMariMaysayaboutfemaleeconomists?A)Theyarestronglyagainstmaledominationintheeconomicsprofession.B)Theytendtosupportgovernmentinterventionineconomicactivity.C)Theyusuallyplayanactiveroleinpublicpolicy-making.D)Theyaremostlystrongadvocatesoffreemarketeconomy.58.WhatdowelearnabouteconomistVeroniquedeRugy?A)Sherepresentsmostfemaleeconomists'standpoint.B)Shedevotesherselftoeliminatingwomen'spoverty.C)Herstudyofeconomicschangedherviewongovernment'sroleineconomicactivities.D)Heracademicbackgroundhelpedhergetintotheinnercircleoftheeconomicsprofession.59.WhatdoesAnnMariMayimplyaboutpublicpolicy-making?A)Morefemaleeconomistsshouldgetinvolved.B)Itshoulddojusticetofemaleeconomists'studies.C)Moreattentionshouldbepaidtowomen'srights.D)Itshouldaimatsustainabledevelopment.60.Onwhatissuedomaleandfemaleeconomistsdiffermost?A)Governmentregulation.B)Jobcreation.C)Militaryspending.D)Genderequality.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thenumberofpostgraduatestudentstravellingfromnon-EUcountriestostudyatUKuniversitieshasfallenforthefirsttimein16years,fuellingfearsthatthegovernment'simmigrationcrackdownisdiscouragingthousandsofthebrighteststudentsfromcontinuingtheirstudiesinBritain.JoBeall,BritishCouncildirectorofeducationandsociety,saidthefallwouldcausealarmamongUKvice-chancellors(大學(xué)行政主管)."Thesectorwasexpectingadeclineingrowth,buttheactualreductioninpostgraduatenumbersisofrealconcernasinternationalstudentsmakeupthemajorityofnumbersinmanypostgraduatecoursesandresearchteamsinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics.""AttractingthebrightestandmostambitiouspostgraduateandresearchstudentsiscriticaliftheUKistomaintainitsqualityreputationforresearch,"Beallsaid.Universitiesgetathirdoftheirtuition(學(xué)費(fèi))feerevenuefromnon-EUstudents.Thereisgrowingfearamongvice-chancellorsthatthisrevenue-aswellasthecultural,academicandeconomicbenefitinternationalstudentsbring-isbeingputatrisk.TimWestlake,directorforthestudentexperienceatManchesterUniversity,saidstudentswhosefamiliesreliedonthemworkingintheUKaftertheirstudiestogainexperienceandrepaythefeeswerestartingtolookelsewhere.Lastmonththehomesecretary.TheresaMay.announcedthatembassystaffwouldinterviewmorethan100000applicantsinanattempttopreventbogus(假冒的)onesenteringthecountry.ShealsosaidimmigrantswereresponsibleforpushingupUKhouseprices.Thecommentsfollowedtheintroductionofnewlimitationsonstudents'righttoworkduringandaftertheirstudies.Beallsaid:"GovernmentstatisticsforthefirsttimeproviderealevidencethatthechangestoUKvisaregulationsmayhavediscouragedmanystudentsfromapplyingtotheUK.andinparticularpostgraduatestudentswhoaresoimportanttotheUK'sresearchoutput.TheUKenjoysanexcellentreputationaroundtheworldforthehighqualityofoureducationsystem,sothegovernmentneedstoensurethatinstitutionshaveallthesupporttheyneedtoattractinternationalstudentswhomakeatremendousacademic,culturalandeconomiccontributiontotheUK."注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。61.Whathascausedthedeclineofthenumberofnon-EUpostgraduatesintheUK?A)Theincreaseintuitionandfees.B)Theever-risinglivingexpenses.C)Changedimmigrationpolicies.D)Universities'tightenedbudgets.62.WhatisUKvice-chancellors'biggestconcern?A)Howtoobtainfinancialsupportfromthegovernment.B)Howtokeeptheacademicreputationoftheirinstitutions.C)Howtopreventbogusapplicantsenteringtheiruniversities.D)Howtostimulatethecreativityoftheirresearchteams.63.WhydoUKuniversitiestrytoattractpostgraduatestudentsfromoutsidetheEU?A)Asubstantialpartoftheirrevenuecomesfromnon-EUstudents'tuitionandfees.B)Non-EUpostgraduatestudentsareusuallyhighlymotivated.C)ThenumberofUKpostgraduatestudentshasfallensharply.D)Someofthepostgraduateprogrammersarespeciallydesignedfornon-EUstudents.64.Whatweretheexpectationsofsomenon-EUstudents'families?A)TheirchildrencouldenjoytheUK'sculturalbenefits.B)Theirchildrencouldfindwell-payingjobsupontheirreturn.C)Theirchildrencouldbecomeestablishedacademically.D)TheirchildrencouldworkintheUKaftergraduation.65.WhatdoesBeallsuggesttheUKgovernmentshoulddo?A)Allowpromisinginternationalstudentstoworkinresearchteams.B)ReviseUKvisaregulationstoaccommodatenon-EUstudents.C)Giveuniversitiesadequatesupporttoattractnon-EUstudents.D)TrytoaddresstheneedsofinternationalstudentsintheUK."你要茶還是要咖啡？"是用餐人常被問到的問題，許多西方人會選咖啡，而中國人則會選茶。相傳，中國的一位帝王于五千多年前發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶，并用來治病。在明清(theMingandQingDynasties)期間，茶館遍布全國。飲茶在6世紀(jì)傳到日本，但直到17、18世紀(jì)才傳到歐美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一。茶是中國的民族飲品，也是中國傳統(tǒng)和文化的重要組成部分。注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。2013.12英語四級考試真題試卷（第三套）答案【作文范文】范文一：Themoderntechnologyhasgreatlyalteredthemodeofcommunicationamongpeople.WiththehelpoftheInternet,peoplecaneasilycontacteachotheranytimeanywhere.However,thesideeffectisthatmanypeoplehavebecomeover-dependentontheInternetandneglectedface-to-facecommunication.AsfarasI''mconcerned,electroniccommunicationcannotfullyreplacethedirectcontactamongpeople.