考研考博-英語-廣西水利電力職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西水利電力職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

PleaseexcusemeifIhaveleftanyofmyquestions（

）.

問題1選項

A.tobeunanswered

B.nottoanswer

C.unanswered

D.beingunanswered

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。leavesth.done意為“使……處于……狀態(tài)”，因此選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

Britain’shopeofagoldmedalintheOlympicGamessuffered（）yesterday,whenHunterfailedtoqualifyduringpreliminarysession.

問題1選項

A.asevereset-back

B.sharpset-back

C.asevereblown-up

D.sharpblown-up

【答案】A

【解析】set-back阻礙，停止，為名詞，前面需加冠詞a，排除選項B；blown-up放大的，膨脹的，為形容詞，不用冠詞a修飾，排除選項C。句意：當(dāng)Hunter在預(yù)賽中未能晉級，英國在奧運會上奪冠的希望昨日遭遇嚴(yán)重挫折。選項A更符合語境。

3.翻譯題

Asafashionableleisureactivity,travelingisfavoredbyagrowingnumberofpeople.Duetotherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theimprovementoflivingstandardandthegovernment’ssupportoftourism,travelingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Travelinghasgraduallybecomeanessentialpartofpeople’sdailylife.Onholidays,numerousChinesetouristswouldswarmintoscenicspotsacrosstheworld.Whentraveling,peoplecanbroadentheirhorizons,enrichtheirknowledgeandappreciatebeautifulnaturallandscapes,whichwouldeventuallyhelptorelaxthemselvesphysicallyandmentally.

【答案】旅游作為一種時尚的休閑活動，為越來越多的人所喜愛。經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展、生活水平的提高，以及政府對旅游業(yè)的支持使得旅游在中國越來越流行。旅游已逐步成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畋夭豢缮俚牟糠帧Ｃ糠昙倨?，大批的中國游客就會涌入世界各地的景點。旅游時人們可以開闊視野，增長知識，欣賞大自然的美麗風(fēng)光，最終得以放松身心。

4.單選題

Scarcely______themselvesintheirscatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainwentup.

問題1選項

A.havetheysettled

B.didtheysettle

C.hadtheysettled

D.dotheysettle

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝句和時態(tài)。Scarcely…when…表示“一……就……”，當(dāng)scarcely放于句首的時候，句子需要倒裝。因為后面為過去式，空格處的意思是在升起帷幕之前，人們沒有就座，應(yīng)為過去完成時，只有C項符合。句意：在劇院，他們一就座帷幕就升起來了。故正確答案為C。

5.單選題

Thisarticledealswiththenatural______whichismostinterestingtoeveryone.

問題1選項

A.phenomenon

B.phenomena

C.phenomenons

D.phenomenas

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項phenomenon“現(xiàn)象；奇跡；杰出的人才”；B選項phenomena為phenomenon的復(fù)數(shù)形式，C選項phenomenons這種復(fù)數(shù)形式基本和“現(xiàn)象”無關(guān)，只用于特殊的人（事物）；非凡的人；特別的事情（或事實）；D選項phenomenas這種復(fù)數(shù)形式不存在。句意：這篇文章論述了大家最感興趣的自然現(xiàn)象。which后面的謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式“is”，所以空格處也應(yīng)填單數(shù)形式，因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

Inprotest,blacksand（）whitessatatthecountersoftheserestaurantsandrefusedtomoveuntiltheywereserved.

問題1選項

A.sensible

B.indifferent

C.influential

D.sympathetic

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。sensible"明智的,合情理的";indifferent"不關(guān)心的,冷淡的,中立的";influential"有影響的,有權(quán)勢的";sympathetic"同情的，贊同的"。句意：在抗議活動中,黑人和那些支持抗議行為的白人坐在餐館的柜臺上,拒絕離開，直到他們得到服務(wù)。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Intoday'sworld,insuranceplaysavitalroleintheeconomicandsocialwelfareoftheentirepopulation.Thewishtoguardagainstdangerstolifeandpropertyisbasictohumannature.Byusingvariouskindsofinsurance,societyhasbeenabletoreducetheeffectsofsuchhazards.

Nowhereisinsurancemoreimportantthaninthemanagementofabusiness.Inmanyinstanceslossesinasmallfirmcanmeanthedifferencebetweengrowthandfailure,vitalityandstagnation.Veryfewsmallbusinesseshaveevenaportionofthefinancialsourcesavailabletolargerenterprises.Frequentlytheymustoperateonaveryslightmarginiftheyhopetostayinbusiness.Andthus,theyareparticularlysensitivetounexpectedlosses.

Withoutenoughinsurance,whathappenstosuchafirmwhentheownerdiesorissuddenlydisabled?Whenafirebreaksoutanddestroysthefirm’sbuildingorstock?Whenanemployeeisfoundtohavestolencompanyfunds?Whenacustomerisawardedaliabilityjudgmentforanaccident?Toooften,thebusinessisforcedtothewall;itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed;sometimes,itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed.

Almostalways,asmallbusinessmanwouldfinditimpossibletohandlethefullburdenofhispotentialrisk.Theamountofmoneyhewouldhavetosetasidetocoverpossiblelosseswouldleavehimnothingoralmostnothingtorunhisbusinesswith.Iflossesweretooccurwhichhecouldrepairbyusinghisreservefund,whatassurancewouldhehavethatanotherloss-thesamekindordifferent——mightnotoccurnextweek,nextmonth?Butthenhewouldhavenoreservefundandlittlelikelihoodofstayinginbusinessatall.

1.Thisselectiondealsmainlywith（

）.

2.InParagraph3,“forcedtothewall”means“（

）.

3.Theauthorthinksthat

（

）.

4.AdequateinsurancewilldoallofthefollowingEXCEPTthatitwill

（

）.

5.Theword“curbed”inParagraph3isnearestinmeaningto（

）.

問題1選項

A.therelationbetweeninsuranceandsociety

B.accidentsandlosses

C.businessfailures

D.theimportanceofinsurancetobusiness

問題2選項

A.driventodespair

B.stayinginastrongposition

C.doingwell

D.climbingup

問題3選項

A.accidentsalwayshappen

B.abusinessmanshouldtakerisk

C.businessesshouldhaveadequateinsurance

D.insuranceisasocialwelfareproject

問題4選項

A.freesomebusinessfunds

B.addtobenefitsforemployees

C.relievesomemanagementproblems

D.provideforunexpectedincidents

問題5選項

A.checked

B.advanced

C.expanded

D.disturbed

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章開篇就提到保險在整個經(jīng)濟和社會福利中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，第二段講述了保險在企業(yè)管理中是最重要的，第三、四段講述了沒有足夠保險的企業(yè)會面臨怎樣的后果。因此D選項“保險對企業(yè)的重要性”符合題意。

第2題:詞義題。driventodespair意為“陷入絕望”；stayinginastrongposition意為“保持強勢”；doingwell意為“經(jīng)營盈利”；climbingup意為“上升”。由后面的itisdamagedbeyondrepair;itsabilitytocontinuecompletelycrushed可知前面表示不好的結(jié)果，因此選A。

第3題:觀點態(tài)度題。文章主要講述了保險對企業(yè)的重要性，因此C選項“企業(yè)應(yīng)該有足夠的保險”符合作者的觀點。

第4題:推理判斷題。文章第三四段提到了如果沒有足夠的保險，那么企業(yè)將遇到資金、意外事故、管理方面等問題，沒有提到會增加員工福利，因此選B。

第5題:詞義題。checked意為“選定的，有方格圖案的”；advanced意為“先進(jìn)的”；expanded意為“擴大的”；disturbed意為“擾亂的，心理失常的”。由前面的thebusinessisforcedtothewall可知此處表示不好的結(jié)果，itsfutureoperationsdrasticallycurbed（它未來的運營受到了極大的……），因此選D。

8.單選題

Thelittlegirlthoughtfailinginexaminationas（

）,soshewasunwillingtotellherparents.

問題1選項

A.humidity

B.humiliation

C.humility

D.humanity

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項humidity“濕度”；B選項humiliation“丟臉，恥辱”；C選項humility“謙卑，謙虛”；D選項humanity“人類，人道”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“failinginexamination考試不及格”和動詞“thought認(rèn)為”可知空格部分為“可恥，恥辱”，句意為：這個小女孩認(rèn)為考試不及格很可恥，所以沒有告訴她的父母。故正確答案選B。

9.單選題

Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

問題1選項

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義解析。infrequently“很少發(fā)生地”；irregularly“不規(guī)則地”；unsteadily“不穩(wěn)定地”；unevenly“不均衡地”。句意：事實就是地球表面加熱不均衡提供了一種將其劃分成多個溫度區(qū)域的簡便方法。選項D符合題意。

10.單選題

Shefinallybrokedownduetothe______pressureofherlifeasapolitician.

問題1選項

A.inflexible

B.relentless

C.redundant

D.reciprocal

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項inflexible“頑固的，不可彎曲的”，B項relentless“無情的，殘酷的”，C項redundant“多余的，過剩的”，D項reciprocal“互惠的，相互的，倒數(shù)的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞pressure“壓力”和politician“政治家”可知，四個選項中只有B項最符合語境。句意：她終于在政治家生活的無情壓力下垮了下來。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

11.單選題

Theplantoallowthereadingpublictorente-books,muchastheyrentmovies,hasprovedsomuchmorecontentiousthanitspioneer,theformerWaterstonesmanagingdirectorTimCoates,hadhoped.

ThatpublishersareverycautiousoftheideaofhisnewBilbarye-rentalventure,whichlaunchedthisweek,isperhapsnotentirelysurprising:althoughthee-rentalsautomaticallydeletethemselveswhentheborrowingtimeexpires,theyfeartheschememightharmsales.

Lesscontroversial,however,isMrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.Hundredsofthenation’s4,000publiclibrariesareatrisk;andcampaigners’attemptstopersuadecourtsandcouncilstokeepthemopenarelargelyfailing.

Closinglibrariesisinevitable,theargumentgoes,inanerawhentwooutofthreeBritishhomeshaveacomputer.Butthatisfarfromthewholestory.While200millionbooksaresoldeveryyear,morethan310millionareborrowed.Theone-in-threehomeswithoutacomputerarethoseofthenation’spoorerchildren,manyofwhomlivewithoutevenatableatwhichtheycandotheirhomework.ItiswithonlythemildestexaggerationthatAlanBennett,theplaywrightandcampaigner,describestheclosureoflibrariesasanactof“childabuse”.

Tosome,theword“l(fā)ibrary”conjuresonlynegativeassociations,anirrelevantanachronisminanincreasinglydigitalworld.Butagoodlibraryisfarmorethanjustaplacetostorebooks.Itisagatewaytoknowledge,aplacewellabletoadapttothecomputerageandindoingsosupportthecuriosity,studyandresearchofnewgenerations.

Thereare,ofcourse,somelibrariesthatareunfitforpurpose.Butthosethatusedigitaltechnologiesasanaide,ratherthantreatthemasathreat,morethanholdtruetotheircorepurpose.Andthosethathavemadetheleapareseeingvisitornumbersrise,notfall.Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.WecanonlyhopethatMr.Coates’supportcanhelpmanyofthemtodoso.

1.Theargumentabouttheclosingoflibrariesstemsfrom（）.

2.Theword“anachronism”inPara.5mightmean（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardclosinglibrariescanbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項

A.thefallofsaleofbooks

B.theadventofdigitaltechnologies

C.thegovernmentbudgetcut

D.theworldeconomicrecession

問題2選項

A.chronologicalerror

B.phonologicalerror

C.etymologicalerror

D.historicalerror

問題3選項

A.Somepeoplebelievethatlibrariesareoutofdateindigitalage.

B.IntheUK,oneoutofthreehomesdon’thavecomputers.

C.Itisinevitablethatdigitallibrarieswillreplacetheexistinglibraries.

D.Somelibrariesneedintroducingdigitaltechnologiesasanaid.

問題4選項

A.positive

B.negative

C.indifferent

D.neutral

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段第一句“MrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.”科茨先生慷慨承諾將Bilbary的大部分利潤捐贈給那些開放受到政府預(yù)算削減威脅的圖書館。由此可知,關(guān)于關(guān)閉圖書館的爭論源于政府的預(yù)算削減,選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)原文句意:對一些人來說,“圖書館”這個詞只會讓人聯(lián)想到負(fù)面的聯(lián)想,在這個日益數(shù)字化的世界里,這是一個無關(guān)緊要的時代錯誤。根據(jù)“anincreasinglydigitalworld”可以推測,時代在變化,所以這里指的是時代錯誤,選項A正確。

3.原文最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.”英國的圖書館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。所以,選項C說法錯誤。

4.作者在最后一段提到,英國的圖書館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。這體現(xiàn)了作者的中立態(tài)度。所以選項D正確。

12.翻譯題

ThefirsteditionofThomasKuhn’sTheStructureofScientificRevolutionsappearedin1962.（1）Hisvisionrevolutionizedthewaywethinkaboutscience，andithasgivenusanewwaytolookatchangein“science”itself.

（2）

Whereaspreviousvisionsofsciencesawscienceasanaccumulationofallthathadbeenlearnedoverhistory,Kuhnenvisionedscienceashaving，atanyonetime,aworldview,or“paradigm(范式)”，ofitsenvironment.

Kuhn(庫恩)postulatedthatmostscientistsengagein“normalscience”thatoftenresultsinsolid,butrelativelyincrementalgains,whichneverthelessaccumulateandcollectivelycontributetoresearchandsubsequentscientificknowledgeforward.Whenanomaliesarise,someindividual(s)step(s)outoftheparadigm,andpropose(s)anewprincipleorlaw.（3）Ifthescientificcommunityacceptstheproposedchange,thenscienceexperiencesa“paradigmshift”，andnewscienceproceedswiththatnewparadigm.

Paradigmshiftsareimportant,andanecessarypartoflife.Thingsdochange,andwehavetoadjustandadapttothatchange.Perhapsnotsurprisingly,importantparadigmshiftsoftencomefromtheyoung.（4）Itusuallytakesalongtimetoeffectaparadigmshift—oftenasmuchas20-25years—which，perhapsnotsocoincidently，isaboutthelifeofageneration.

（5）ArelativelyrecentwhitepaperemanatingfromMITjustifiablyarguesthattheintersectionsofarraysofscientists，engineers,mathematicians，aswellasindividualswithahostofmanyotherprofessionaltalents,willbethenextKuhnianscientificrevolutionandinfact，the“Third”biomedicalrevolution.ThisnewrevolutionisbroadlyknownasConvergence.

【答案】（1）他的視角徹底改變了我們思考科學(xué)的方式，給了我們一個全新的方式來看待“科學(xué)”自身的變化。

（2）然而過去，人們把科學(xué)當(dāng)作人類在歷史長河中所學(xué)到的全部知識的積累過程，而庫恩則把科學(xué)看成在任一時刻對環(huán)境的一種世界觀，或者“范式”。

（3）如果科學(xué)界認(rèn)可了有些人所提出的變化，那么科學(xué)就將經(jīng)歷“范式轉(zhuǎn)移”，而新的科學(xué)將按照新的范式向前發(fā)展。

（4）引發(fā)范式轉(zhuǎn)移通常需要很長時間——往往長達(dá)20?25年——也許并非巧合，這大約相當(dāng)于一代人。

（5）最近一份出自麻省理工學(xué)院的詳情報告理由充分。它認(rèn)為各類科學(xué)家、工程師、數(shù)學(xué)家以及個人與其他專業(yè)人才的交匯將成為下一場庫恩意義上的科學(xué)革命，事實上也就是“第三次”生物醫(yī)學(xué)革命。

13.單選題

Theearningsofwomenarewellbelowthatofmen（

）educationaldifferencesthatarediminishingbetweenthetwosexes.

問題1選項

A.although

B.though

C.despiteof

D.inspiteof

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。四個選項都有“雖然，盡管”的意思。選項C的結(jié)構(gòu)一般很少使用。Although和though都可以引導(dǎo)句子，不過although只能置于句首。這里空格后面是一個名詞短語educationaldifferences跟一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。所以只能填入選項D介詞短語，后面接名詞。句意為：女性的收入遠(yuǎn)在男性之下，盡管兩性在教育方面的差距正在消除。

14.單選題

AnewwebsitefromtheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)showsthat10%ofthecountryisnowa“fooddesert”.TheFoodDesertLocatorisanonlinemaphighlightingthousandsofareaswhere,theUSDAsays,low-incomefamilieshavelittleornoaccesstohealthyfreshfood.FirstidentifiedinScotlandinthe1990s,fooddesertshavecometosymbolizeurbandecay.Theysuggestimagesofendlessfast-foodrestaurantsandconveniencestoresservingfatty,sugaryjunkfoodtooverweightcustomerswhohavenevertastedorganicvegetables.

Accordingly,MichelleObamaannounceda$400mHealthyFoodFinancingInitiativelastyearwiththeaimofeliminatingfooddesertsnationwideby2017.Officialfiguresforthenumberofpeoplelivinginfooddesertsalreadyshowadecline,from23.5min2009to13.5matthelaunchofthewebsite.Althoughthismightonthefaceofitsuggestthattheinitiativeisofftoasuperbstart,sadlyitdoesnotinfactrepresentasingleadditionalbananaboughtorsodashunned.ThisisbecauseinAmerica,thedefinitionofafooddesertisanycensusareawhereatleast20%ofinhabitantsarebelowthepovertylineand33%livemorethanamilefromasupermarket.Bysimplyextendingthecut-offinruralareastotenmiles,theUSDAmanagedtorescue10mpeoplefromdesertlife.

Someacademicswouldgofurther,callingtheappearanceofmanyfooddesertsnothingbutamirage.ResearchbytheCentreforPublicHealthNutritionattheUniversityofWashingtonfoundthatonly15%ofpeopleshoppedforfoodwithintheirowncensusarea.CriticsalsonotethatfocusingonsupermarketsmeansthattheUSDAignorestensofthousandsoflargerandsmallerretailers,farmers’marketsandroadsidegreengrocers,manyofwhichareexcellentsourcesoffreshfood.Together,theyaccountformorethanhalfofthecountry’strillion-dollarretailfoodmarket.

AvisittoRenton,adepressedsuburbofSeattle,demonstratestheproblem.ThetownsitsinthemiddleofaUSDAfooddesertstretchingmilesineverydirection.Yetitishometoaroadsidestandservingorganicfruitandvegetables,ahealth-foodshoppackedwithnutritiousgrainsandasuperstorethatresearchersfoundattractsflocksofshoppersfromwelloutsidethedesert.

1.AccordingtotheUSDA,fooddeserts（）.

2.HealthyFoodFinancingInitiativeisintendedto（）.

3.Theauthorseemstothinkthatthedropfrom23.5millionto13.5million（）.

4.Thescholarsinparagraph3believethattheUSDAdefinitionofafooddesertis（）.

5.Rentonismentionedinthepassageto（）.

問題1選項

A.aredirectlyrelatedtourbanpoverty

B.arethedirectcauseofoverweight

C.tendtobefoundinpoorruralareas

D.refertotheplaceswithafoodshortage

問題2選項

A.addressthegrowingweightproblem

B.ensurefoodsafetyacrossthenation

C.increaseaccesstohealthierfood

D.changetheAmericanwayofliving

問題3選項

A.isn’tbasedonlatestinformation

B.doesn’tmakemuchdifference

C.representsarealprogress

D.isatleastagoodbeginning

問題4選項

A.outdated

B.creative

C.justifiable

D.problematic

問題5選項

A.tellustoputfooddesertsinperspective

B.pointoutthesolutionstofooddeserts

C.raisepublicawarenessaboutfooddeserts

D.highlighttheproblemsoffooddeserts

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第一段第三句fooddesertshavecometosymbolizeurbandecay（食物沙漠已經(jīng)成為城市衰敗的象征），可知食物沙漠與城市貧困直接相關(guān)，故A選項“與城市貧困直接相關(guān)”正確。B選項“是超重的直接原因”：根據(jù)第一段最后一句overweightcustomerswhohavenevertastedorganicvegetables（從未吃過有機蔬菜的超重顧客），可知文章沒有提到超重和食物沙漠的因果關(guān)系。C選項“往往出現(xiàn)在貧困的農(nóng)村地區(qū)”和D選項“指食物短缺的地方”：根據(jù)第一段第二句low-incomefamilieshavelittleornoaccesstohealthyfreshfood（低收入家庭很少或根本無法獲得健康新鮮的食物）文章沒有提到農(nóng)村，也不是食物短缺。因此A選項正確。

2.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Accordingly,MichelleObamaannounceda$400mHealthyFoodFinancingInitiativelastyearwiththeaimofeliminatingfooddesertsnationwideby2017.（因此，米歇爾?奧巴馬(MichelleObama)去年宣布了一項4億美元的健康食品融資計劃，目標(biāo)是到2017年在全國范圍內(nèi)消除食品沙漠。），可知其目的是讓更多人吃到健康食品，故C選項“提高健康食品的份量”正確。A選項“解決日益增長的體重問題”不是目的。B選項“確保全國食品安全”文章沒有提到食品安全。D選項“改變美國人的生活方式”涉及很多方面，不能僅僅通過某個方面的措施改變。因此C選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Althoughthismightonthefaceofitsuggestthattheinitiativeisofftoasuperbstart,sadlyitdoesnotinfactrepresentasingleadditionalbananaboughtorsodashunned.（雖然從表面上看，這可能意味著該倡議有了一個出色的開端，但令人遺憾的是，它實際上并沒有多買一根香蕉或避免喝蘇打水。），也許意味著有一個很好的開始，代表作者不持樂觀態(tài)度，與D選項“至少是一個好的開始”的樂觀態(tài)度不符，D選項錯誤；但遺憾的是，這并沒有讓人多買什么東西，作者認(rèn)為這沒多大作用，故B選項“沒多大區(qū)別”正確，C選項“這代表真正的進(jìn)步”錯誤。A選項“不是基于最新的信息”：文章沒有提到數(shù)據(jù)是否是最新或是很早以前的。因此B選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Someacademicswouldgofurther,callingtheappearanceofmanyfooddesertsnothingbutamirage（一些學(xué)者甚至說許多食物沙漠不過是幻想），可知有學(xué)者不認(rèn)同食物沙漠這個詞的出現(xiàn)，故D選項“有問題的”正確，C選項“有道理的”錯誤。A選項“過時的”和B選項“創(chuàng)造性的”和本題無關(guān)。因此D選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段第二句和第三句ThetownsitsinthemiddleofaUSDAfooddesert（該鎮(zhèn)位于美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的食品沙漠中心）…Yetitishometoaroadsidestandservingorganicfruitandvegetables,ahealth-foodshoppackedwithnutritiousgrainsandasuperstorethatresearchersfoundattractsflocksofshoppersfromwelloutsidethedesert.（然而，這里有一個賣有機水果和蔬菜的路邊攤，一家擺滿營養(yǎng)豐富的谷物的健康食品店，以及一家研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的吸引大批來自沙漠之外的消費者的超市。），結(jié)合文章開頭美國農(nóng)業(yè)部提出食物沙漠的定義，第三段作者提到自己認(rèn)同的有學(xué)者提出食物沙漠是幻想的觀點，可知作者認(rèn)為食物沙漠這個現(xiàn)象不是大問題，不需要太過于重視，故C選項“提高公眾對食物沙漠的認(rèn)識”和D選項“強調(diào)食物沙漠的問題”錯誤；并且目的是讓大家正確看待食物沙漠，故A選項“告訴我們要正確看待食物沙漠”正確。B選項“指出食物沙漠的解決方案”文章沒有提到。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

（）me,IthinkanEnglish-ChinesedictionaryismuchmorehelpfultoourstudythananallEnglishdictionary.

問題1選項

A.Asfaras

B.As

C.Asfor

D.Asregard

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。asfor“對……來說，就……而言”。句意：對我來說，我認(rèn)為一本英漢字典要比一本全英字典要好。根據(jù)句意可知C為正確答案。

16.單選題

Maryfinallydecided（）allthejunkshehadkeptinthegarage.

問題1選項

A.getrid

B.gottenridof

C.gettingridof

D.togetridof

【答案】D

【解析】固定介詞搭配。decidetodosth.決定做某事。所以，選項D正確。

17.寫作題

Forthispartyouarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsaccordingtothefollowingtopic.PleasewriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided.

TOPIC:

InChinathereisagroupofgirlscalled"leftovergirls,"generallyreferringtothosegirlswhoarewellbeyondthenormalmarriageagebutstillremainsingle,andwhoalsousuallyhaveahighersalary,andadvancedacademicdegree.Inreality,itisnotthattheycannotfindapartnerfrommany.Therearevariousreasons.Pleaseanalyzethissocialphenomenonfromyourownpointofview.Pleaseuseenoughsupporttoillustrateyourposition.

【答案】MyViewon“LeftoverGirls”18.單選題

Therealityisthatonlybypreventingman-madedebrisfromgettingintotheoceaninthefirstplace（）ameasureablereduction（）accomplished.

問題1選項

A.X…X

B.will…be

C.that…willbe

D.will…X

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題目，is后是由that引導(dǎo)的表語從句，從句是由only引導(dǎo)的一個倒裝句，所以用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，將助動詞will提前。句意：事實就是，只有首先阻止人造垃圾排入海洋，將會實現(xiàn)一種可量化的減少。選項B符合題意。

19.單選題

Herefusedto___thathewasdefeated.

問題1選項

A.burlesque

B.conceive

C.acknowledge

D.probe

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項burlesque“模仿嘲弄；取笑”；B選項conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思；以為；持有”；C選項acknowledge“承認(rèn)；答謝；報償；告知已收到”；D選項probe“探查；用探針探測”。句意：他拒絕___自己被打敗了。本句表達(dá)“拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗”。因此C選項正確。

20.單選題

Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheerthemselvesbyrememberingthatlifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.Marslooksliketileonlyplanetwherelifelikeourscouldexist,andeventhisisdoubtful.ButtheremaybemilerkindsoflifebasedonotherkindsofchemistryandtheymaymultiplyonVenususorJupiter.Atleastwecannotproveatpresentthattheydonot.

Evenmoreinterestingisthepossibilitythatlifeontheirplanetsmaybeinamoreadvancedstageofevolution.Present-daymanisinapeculiarandprobablytemporarystage.Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives.Butman'ssocietiesarealreadysufficientlydevelopedtohaveenormouslymorepowerandeffectivenessthantheindividualshave.

Itisnotlikelythatthistransitionalsituationwillcontinueverytongortheevolutionarytimescale.Fiftythousand,yearsfromnowman'ssocietiesmayhavebecomesoclose-knitthattheindividualsretainnosenseofseparatepersonality.Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.

Theexplorers-ofspaceshouldbepreparedforsomesuchsituation.Iftheyarriveonaforeignplanetthathasreachedanadvancedstage(andthisisbynomeansimpossible),theymayfinditbeinginhabitedbyasinglelargeorganismcomposedofmanycloselycooperatingunits.

Theunitsmaybe"'secondary,'"machinescreatedmillionsofyearsagobyapreviousformoflifeandgiventhewillandability'tosurviveandreproduce.Theymaybebuiltentirelyofmetalsandotherdurablematerials,ifthisisthecase,theymaybemuchmoretolerantoftheirenvironmentmultiplyingunderconditionsthatwoulddestroyimmediatelyanyorganismmadeofcarboncompoundanddependentonthefamiliarcarboncycle.

Suchcreaturesmightberelicsofapastage,manymillionsofyearsago,whentheirplanetwasfavorabletotheoriginoflifeortheymightbeimmigrantsfromafavoredplanet.

1.Whatdoestheword"cheer"(Para.1,Line2)imply?

2.HumansonEartharecharacterizedby（）

.

3.Accordingtothispassage,somepeoplebelievethateventually（）

.

4.Evenmostimaginativepeoplehavetoadmitthat（）.

5.Itseemsthatthewriter（）

.

問題1選項

A.Imaginativemenaresureofsuccessinfindinglifeonotherplanets.

B.Imaginativemenaredelightedtofindlifeonotherplanets.

C.Imaginativemenarehappytofindadifferentkindoflifeexistingonotherplanets.

D.Imaginativemencanbepleasedwiththeideathattheremightexistdifferentformsoflifeonotherplanets.

問題2選項

A.theirexistenceasfreeandseparatebeings

B.theircapabilityoflivingunderfavorableconditions

C.theirgreatpowerandeffectiveness

D.theirstrongdesireforlivinginaclose-knitsociety

問題3選項

A.humansocietieswillbemuchmorecooperative

B.manwillliveinahighlyorganizedworld

C.machineswilltakecontroloverman

D.livingbeingswilldisappearfromEarth

問題4選項

A.humansocietiesareasadvancedasthoseonsomeotherplanets

B.planetsotherthanEartharenotsuitableforlifelikeourstostay

C.itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenorganicpartsandinorganicpartsofthehumanbody

D.organismsaremorecreativethanmachines

問題5選項

A.isinterestedintheimaginarylifeforms

B.iseagertofindadifferentformoflife

C.iscertainoftheexistenceofanewlifeform

D.iscriticaloftheimaginativepeople

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:根據(jù)第一段的第一句“...whetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheer...lifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.”當(dāng)富有想象力的人們將目光投向太空，想知道生命是否存在于其它地方時，他們可能會因為想到生命不一定要與地球上存在的生命相同而感到歡欣鼓舞。選項D符合原文。

第2題:根據(jù)第二段的第二、三句“Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives."個體保持著強烈的個性。事實上，在有利的環(huán)境下，他們?nèi)匀挥心芰^個人生活。說明地球上的人們是自由存在的個體，選項A符合原文。

第3題:根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.”100萬年后，人類和他的機器可能“融合得像人體肌肉和驅(qū)動肌肉運動的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞一樣緊密”。所以選項C符合原文。

第4題:根據(jù)第三段“Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.”那么多有機體的有機部分和由它構(gòu)成的無機物（機器）之間就沒有什么區(qū)別了。選項C符合原文。

第5題:選項A對想象中的生命形式感興趣；選項B渴望尋找不同的生命形式；選項C認(rèn)為一定存在某種新的生命形式；選項D批判富有想象力的人。根據(jù)全文可以推斷，選項A更符合原文。

21.單選題

Theconsequencesofthisill-advisedpolicyarealreadyknowntoallofushere,（

）tosaythatwehavesufferedmorelossesinthismonththaninthethreepreviousyears.

問題1選項

A.itsuffice

B.sufficesit

C.sufficeit

D.itissuffice

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。suffice(it)tosay“說得夠多了”。句意：這項不明智政策的后果已經(jīng)人盡皆知，不必再多說什么，我們這個月所遭受的損失比前三年的還多。選項C符合題意。

22.單選題

Experimentssuggestthatseasonofbirthdramaticallyaffectsthespeedthebodyclockticks.

問題1選項

A.atwhich

B.forwhich

C.onwhich

D.inwhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法知識。介詞+which引導(dǎo)定語從句時，介詞要與先行詞搭配。題干中先行詞是thespeed，只有at可以搭配。句意：實驗表明，出生的季節(jié)會極大地影響生物鐘的運轉(zhuǎn)速度。因此選項A符合題意。

23.單選題

CulturalcontinuitieswithAfricawerenotdependentonimportationand（

）ofspecificfolktalesintheirpristineform.

問題1選項

A.perpetuation

B.perceptibility

C.perpetration

D.perplexity

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近名詞辨析。A選項perpetuation“不朽；永存”；B選項perceptibility“感覺力；理解力”；C選項perpetration“犯罪；做壞事”；D選項perplexity“困惑；混亂”。句意：非洲的文化連續(xù)性并不依賴于原始形式的特定民間故事的輸入和……。聯(lián)系句意可知A選項符合題意。

24.單選題

Ise-mailablessingoracurse?Lastmonth,afteraweek’svocation,Idiscovered1218unreade-mailmessageswaitinginmybox.Ipretendedtobedismayed,butsecretlyIwaspleased.Thisishowwemeasureourwiredworthinthelate1990s.Ifyouaren’toverwhelmedbye-mail,youmustbedoingsomethingwrong.

E-mail.Can’tlivewithit,can’tlivewithoutit.Artistsandrealartists,advertisersandfreedomfighters,loversandswornenemies—they’veallflockedtoe-mailastheywouldtoanynewmediumofexpression.E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.Booksarewritten,campaignsconducted,crimescommitted—allviae-mail.Butitisalsoinconvenient,wastesourtime,isolatesusinfrontofourcomputersandintroducesmorecomplexityintoouralreadytoo-hurriedlives.Toskeptics,e-mailisjustthelatestchapterintheevolvinghistoryofhumancommunication.

Yete-mailallonlinecommunicationisinfactsomethingtrulydifferent;itcapturestheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcenturywithanauthoritythatfewotherproductsofdigitaltechnologycanclaim.Doesthepaceoflifeseemeverfaster?E-mailsimultaneouslyallowsustocopewiththataccelerationandcontributestoit.Areourattentionspans