考研考博-英語-德陽科貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-德陽科貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theyare（

）investorswhoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarketsbeforemakinganinvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.conscious

C.cautious

D.indecisive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implicit“暗示的，含蓄的”；B選項(xiàng)conscious“有意識(shí)的，清醒的，故意的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)indecisive“猶豫不決的”。空格部分是需要一個(gè)修飾investors的形容詞。后面由who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾investor，根據(jù)句意“whoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarkets…總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查”，判斷可知空格部分單詞意思應(yīng)該為“謹(jǐn)慎的”，句意為：他們是謹(jǐn)慎的投資者，在做出每筆投資前，總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查。故正確答案選C。

2.單選題

Inthelastfewyears,intensivedesignanddevelopmenteffort______totheintroductionofelectronicexchanges.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenapplied

B.hasbeenapplied

C.isbeingapplied

D.wouldbeapplied

【答案】A

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在過去幾年中，密集的設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)努力已應(yīng)用于電子交換的引進(jìn)。根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞apply的動(dòng)作從過去開始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且將持續(xù)下去確定用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；根據(jù)主語intensivedesignanddevelopmenteffort是復(fù)數(shù)確定用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以A選項(xiàng)havebeenapplied符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.Oneoftheleastunderstoodinvolvesthepeculiarrolesofproduceror“provider”andpurchaseror“consumer”inthetypicaldoctor—patientrelationship.Inmostsectorsoftheeconomy,itisthesellerwhoattemptstoattractapotentialbuyerwithvariousinducementsofprice,quality,andutility,anditisthebuyerwhomakesthedecision.Wherecircumstancespermitthebuyernochoicebecausethereiseffectivelyonlyonesellerandtheproductisrelativelyessential,governmentusuallyassertsmonopolyandplacestheindustryunderpriceandotherregulations.Neitheroftheseconditionsprevailsinmostofthehealth-careindustry.

Inthehealth-careindustry,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisthemirrorimageoftheordinaryrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer.Onceanindividualhaschosentoseeaphysician—andeventhentheremaybenorealchoice—itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday”,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.Itisarareandsophisticatedpatientwhowillchallengesuchprofessionaldecisionsorraiseinadvancequestionsaboutprice,especiallywhenthediseaseisregardedasserious.

Thisisparticularlysignificantinrelationtohospitalcare.Thephysicianmustcertifytheneedforhospitalization,determinewhatprocedureswillbeperformed,andannouncewhenthepatientmaybedischarged.Thepatientmaybeconsultedaboutsomeofthesedecisions,butinthemainitisthedoctor’sjudgmentsthatarefinal.Littlewonderthenthatintheeyeofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer.”Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe“powercenter”inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.

Althoughusuallythereareinthissituationfouridentifiableparticipants:thephysician,thehospital,thepatient,andthepayer(generallyaninsurancecarrierorgovernment)—thephysicianmakestheessentialdecisionsforallofthem.Thehospitalbecomesanextensionofthephysician;thepayergenerallymeetsmostofthebillsgeneratedbythephysician/hospital,andforthemostpartthepatientplaysapassiverole.Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisforillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredthatdoctorsareabletodeterminehospitalpoliciesbecause______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenadoctortellsapatientto“returnnextWednesday”(para.2),thedoctorisineffect______.

4.Theauthorismostprobablyleadingupto______.

5.Itisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer”(Para.3)meansthatthephysicianisthepartythat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.speculateabouttherelationshipbetweenapatient’sabilitytopayandthetreatmentreceived

B.criticizedoctorsforexercisingtoomuchcontroloverpatients

C.analyzesomeimportanteconomicfactorsinhealthcare

D.urgehospitalstoreclaimtheirdecision-makingauthority

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisdoctorswhogenerateincomeforthehospital

B.mostofthepatient’sbillsarepaidbyhishealthinsurance

C.hospitaladministratorslacktheexpertisetoquestionmedicaldecisions

D.adoctorisultimatelyresponsibleforapatient’shealth

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.takingadvantageofthepatient’sconcernforhishealth

B.instructingthepatienttobuymoremedicalservices

C.warningthepatientthathospitalstaymightbenecessary

D.advisingthepatienttoseekasecondopinion

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ananalysisofthecausesofinflation

B.aproposaltocontrolmedicalcosts

C.adiscussionofanewmedicaltreatment

D.adiscussionofnewmedicalcosts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.paysforgoodsorservices

B.deliversgoodsorservices

C.ordersgoodsorservices

D.reimbursesathirdpartyforgoodsorservices

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.（醫(yī)療保健經(jīng)濟(jì)充滿了不同尋常甚至獨(dú)特的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系。）”可知本文將要討論衛(wèi)生保健行業(yè)中的特殊經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，其余三段主要分析了醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的一些重要的影響相互之間經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的因素：醫(yī)生、醫(yī)院、病人以及支付者，因此C選項(xiàng)“分析衛(wèi)生保健中一些重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素”符合文章大意。A選項(xiàng)“推測(cè)病人的支付能力和所接受的治療之間的關(guān)系”；B選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)醫(yī)生對(duì)病人過分控制”；D選項(xiàng)“敦促醫(yī)院收回他們的決策權(quán)”都太過片面，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“...itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday”,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.（所有重要的購(gòu)買決定通常都是由醫(yī)生做出的：病人是否應(yīng)該下周三回來，是否需要x光，是否應(yīng)該開藥方，等等。）”以及第三段結(jié)尾“Littlewonderthenthatintheeyeofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal‘consumer.’Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe‘powercenter’inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.（難怪在醫(yī)院的眼里，醫(yī)生才是真正的‘消費(fèi)者’。因此，醫(yī)務(wù)人員代表的是醫(yī)院政策和決策的‘權(quán)力中心’，而不是管理部門。）”，由此可知決定醫(yī)學(xué)治療的是醫(yī)生，也就是說決定醫(yī)院收入的也是醫(yī)生，因此A選項(xiàng)“是醫(yī)生為醫(yī)院創(chuàng)造了收入”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“病人的大部分賬單是由他的健康保險(xiǎn)支付的”不符合題意；C選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)院管理者缺乏質(zhì)疑醫(yī)療決定的專業(yè)知識(shí)”文章沒有提到；D選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生對(duì)病人的健康負(fù)有最終責(zé)任”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn‘nextWednesday’,whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.（所有重要的購(gòu)買決定通常都是由醫(yī)生做出的：病人是否應(yīng)該下周三回來，是否需要x光，是否應(yīng)該開藥方，等等。）”，由此可知當(dāng)醫(yī)生讓病人下周三再來的時(shí)候，實(shí)際上是由醫(yī)生指導(dǎo)病人購(gòu)買更多的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，因此B選項(xiàng)“指示病人購(gòu)買更多的醫(yī)療服務(wù)”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“利用病人對(duì)健康的關(guān)心”；C選項(xiàng)“警告病人住院可能是必要的”以及D選項(xiàng)“建議病人尋求另一種療法”的最終目的都是為了購(gòu)買更多醫(yī)療服務(wù)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisforillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.（在日?；蜉p微的疾病，或只是簡(jiǎn)單的擔(dān)憂，病人的選擇，當(dāng)然，更多的是使用和價(jià)格。然而，在一些有重要意義的疾病中，這樣的選擇往往會(huì)消失，醫(yī)療保健的大部分錢都花在了疾病上。我們估計(jì)75%到80%的醫(yī)療支出是由醫(yī)生決定的，而不是病人。）”以及結(jié)合全文可知文章主要分析了醫(yī)生和病人之間特殊的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，末段最后兩句指出大部分衛(wèi)生保健費(fèi)用由醫(yī)生決定，正因?yàn)槿绱?，這樣的體制會(huì)顯得很無效。由此可以推斷，作者接下來會(huì)提出對(duì)這種體制進(jìn)行改革，B選項(xiàng)“控制醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的建議”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“通貨膨脹原因的分析”文章沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于一種新療法的討論”以及D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于新的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的討論”都不能很好的銜接文章內(nèi)容，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.語義推測(cè)題?！癱onsumer”意為“消費(fèi)者”，A選項(xiàng)“支付商品或服務(wù)的費(fèi)用”更符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“遞送商品或服務(wù)”；C選項(xiàng)“訂購(gòu)商品或服務(wù)”；D選項(xiàng)“報(bào)銷第三方的商品或服務(wù)”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshould（）newoperatingprocedures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resultin

B.matchwith

C.subjectto

D.proceedwith

【答案】A

【解析】句意:徹底調(diào)查這個(gè)事故的原因,應(yīng)該會(huì)提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而且?guī)硇碌牟僮鞒绦颉?/p>

考查短語辨析。resultin導(dǎo)致，帶來；matchwith使…較量，與…相配，使與…一致;subjectto使服從，使遭受；受……管制;proceedwith繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。因此A符合句意。

5.單選題

Theoldhouseattheendofthestreethasrecentlybeen（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulled

B.leveled

C.erased

D.demolished

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pulled“拉；牽引”；B選項(xiàng)leveled“瞄準(zhǔn)；拉平”；C選項(xiàng)erased“抹去；擦掉”；D選項(xiàng)demolished“拆毀；破壞”。句意：街尾的那座老房子最近被……了。句中的oldhouse“老房子”最近被拆遷了。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Today’schangedconditionsfordoingsocialtheoryhavedisturbedtheoriginalbalanceoftradebetweenlayandexpertsocialtheorists.Werewetocompare,say,theendofthenineteenthcenturytotheendofthetwentieth,wewouldsoonfindtwomajordifferencesinthecircumstancesaffectingwhothinkaboutsociallifeandhowtheythink.First,thenumberofpeoplewithreadyaccesstoaculturesupportiveofcriticalthinkinghasincreaseddramatically,especiallyaftertheholdoftheEuropeanpowersontheircoloniescametoaformalend,primarilyduringthe1950sand1960s.Second,thepeoplenormallyengagedincriticalsocialthinkingarenolongernecessarilymembersoforidentifiedwithadominantclassofbourgeoisintellectuals.Manyofthenewsocialtheoristsdonotconsiderthemselvesbourgeois,andmanyarevisiblynotanythinglikethewhite,maleadvocatesofEuropeanculturewhowrotethefirst,best-knownsocialtheories.Thesetwodifferences—oneofnumber,oneofkind—makesocialtheorytodayanenterpriselargely,butnotentirely,differentfromthatofthenineteenthcentury.

【答案】【參考譯文】

當(dāng)今社會(huì)理論研究的條件發(fā)生了變化，打破了外行社會(huì)理論家與專家社會(huì)理論家之間原有的貿(mào)易平衡。比如說，如果我們比較一下19世紀(jì)末和20世紀(jì)末，我們很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)影響人們思考社會(huì)生活和他們?nèi)绾嗡伎嫉沫h(huán)境有兩大不同。首先，有機(jī)會(huì)接觸到支持批判性思維的文化的人數(shù)急劇增加，特別是在歐洲列強(qiáng)對(duì)其殖民地的控制正式結(jié)束之后，主要是在20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代。第二，通常從事批判性社會(huì)思維的人不再一定是或不再被認(rèn)為是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)知識(shí)分子的主導(dǎo)階級(jí)成員。許多新社會(huì)理論家并不認(rèn)為自己是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)，而且許多人顯然一點(diǎn)也不像那些倡導(dǎo)歐洲文化的白人男性，他們寫出了第一批最著名的社會(huì)理論。這兩種不同——一種是數(shù)量上的不同，一種是種類上的不同——使得今天的社會(huì)理論在很大程度上（但不是完全）不同于19世紀(jì)的社會(huì)理論。

7.單選題

Manyyoungpeoplebelievethatwarisstupidandunnecessary.Tothem,toloseone’slifeonthebattlefieldis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glorious

B.futile

C.heroic

D.courageous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很多年輕人認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是愚蠢且沒有必要的。對(duì)于他們來說，在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上丟掉性命是徒勞的。glorious“光榮的”；futile“無用的”；heroic“英雄的”；courageous“有勇氣的”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)楸谎芯康暮镒右呀?jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會(huì)人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項(xiàng)welcome“歡迎”；B選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項(xiàng)disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項(xiàng)avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無視”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

9.問答題

Apessimistmightargue:whyseektopreservethehumanspecies?ShouldwenotratherrejoiceintheprospectofanendtotheimmenseloadofsufferingandhateandfearwhichhashithertodarkenedthelifeofMan?Shouldwenotcontemplatewithrejoicinganewfutureforourplanet,peacefulatlast,sleepingquietlyatlastaftercoiningtotheendofthelongnightmareofpainandhorror?

Toanystudentofhistorycontemplatingthedreadfulrecordoffollyandcrueltyandmiserythathasconstitutedmostofhumanlifehitherto,suchquestionsmustcomeinmomentsofimaginativesympathy.Perhapsoursurveymaytemptustoacquiesceinanend,howevertragicandhoweverfinal,toaspeciessoincapableofjoy.

Butthepessimisthasonlyhalfofthetruthandtomymindthelessimportanthalf.Manhasnotonlythecorrelativecapacitiesforcrueltyandsuffering,butalsopotentialitiesofgreatnessandsplendor,realized,asyet,verypartially,butshowingwhatlifemightbeinafreerandhappierworld.IfManwillallowhimselftogrowtohisfullstature,whathemayachieveisbeyondourpresentcapacitytoimagine.Poverty,illness,andlonelinesscouldbecomeraremisfortunes.ReasonableexpectationofhappinesscoulddispelthenightoffearinwhichtoomanynowwanderlostAndwiththeprogressofevolution,whatisnowtheshininggeniusofaneminentfewmightbecomeacommonpossessionofthemany.Allthisispossible,indeed,probable,inthethousandsofcenturiesthatliebeforeus,ifwedonotrashlyandmadlydestroyourselvesbeforewehavereachedthematuritythatshouldbeourgoal.No,letusnotlistentothepessimist,for,ifwedo,wearetraitorstoMan’sfuture.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsMan’sfuture?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ourgoalshouldbe（

）.

【答案】1.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中“Butthepessimisthasonlyhalfofthetruthandtomymindthelessimportanthalf.No,letusnotlistentothepessimist,for,ifwedo,wearetraitorstoMan’sfuture.”可知作者對(duì)人類未來的態(tài)度是積極的。

試題答案：

Theauthor’sseesMan’sfutureinanoptimistic,happyandhopefulattitude.

2.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“ifwedonotrashlyandmadlydestroyourselvesbeforewehavereachedthematuritythatshouldbeourgoal”可知我們的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該成熟。

試題答案：

mature

10.單選題

IhaveenjoyedthestudyoftheSpanishlanguagenotonlybecauseofitsbeautybutalso（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tomakeuseofitinbusiness

B.becauseofitsuseinbusiness

C.onaccountitisusefulinbusiness

D.oneneedsitinbusiness

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞。由notonly...butalso...可以看出空格處和前文并列，由前文的becauseofitsbeauty可知B選項(xiàng)正確，表示原因。

11.單選題

Oncethequestionisput,weknow（

）trytoobtaintheanswer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toproceedindirectionto

B.wheredirectionproceedto

C.inwhichdirectiontoproceedto

D.whichdirectionproceedtoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，know后面的成分為它的賓語，填空處缺少的是方式狀語。選項(xiàng)A不定式做主語或目的狀語；選項(xiàng)B中where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語；選項(xiàng)D缺少先行詞。所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

12.單選題

IdecidetogotothecinemaassoonasI（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.finishwhatIdid

B.wouldfinishwhatIwasdoing

C.finishedwhatIdid

D.finishedwhatIwasdoing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。“assoonas”引導(dǎo)的為時(shí)間狀語從句，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞decide可知主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，即主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此選A。句意：我決定一完成我所做的事情就去看電影。

13.單選題

Wasittheprosperityofanacquisitivesocietypreparedtoforsakechildren,orthedepressionwhichaccountedfortheinter-warpopulationtrends?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inquisitive

B.curious

C.greedy

D.abnormal

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。acquisitive“貪婪的；想獲得的”；A選項(xiàng)inquisitive“好奇的；好問的”；B選項(xiàng)curious“好奇的，有求知欲的；古怪的”；C選項(xiàng)greedy“貪婪的；貪吃的”；D選項(xiàng)abnormal“反常的，不規(guī)則的；變態(tài)的”。句意：是一個(gè)準(zhǔn)備拋棄孩子的貪婪社會(huì)的繁榮，還是蕭條導(dǎo)致了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間的人口趨勢(shì)？acquisitive的動(dòng)詞形式為acquire，而acquire有“獲得”的意思，可推測(cè)出acquisitive在這里有“貪婪的”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Hewas（）whenheheardtheunexpectednews,butIfinallyconvincedhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incredible

B.inevitable

C.incredulous

D.indifferent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)incredible“難以置信的”；B選項(xiàng)inevitable“必然的、不可避免的”；C選項(xiàng)incredulous“懷疑的、不輕信的”；D選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷漠的、不關(guān)心的”，句意為：當(dāng)他聽到這個(gè)意外的消息時(shí)，他覺得不可思議，但我最終說服了他。A選項(xiàng)符合句意，因此選A。

15.單選題

Hewasn'tappointedchairmanofthecommittee（

）notverypopularwithallitsmembers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.considering

B.beingconsidered

C.tobeconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】B

【解析】句意:考慮到他不怎么受委員們的歡迎，他沒有被任命為委員會(huì)主席。

語法題。考查分詞。動(dòng)詞consider與邏輯主語He之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。因此排除A,D。此處應(yīng)該用beconsidered的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作原因狀語。

16.單選題

Therewasoncean（）ideathattheearthwasflatandmotionless.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absurd

B.intrinsic

C.eternal

D.offensive

【答案】A

【解析】句意:曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)荒謬的想法：認(rèn)為地球是平的，靜止的。

考查形容詞辨析。absurd荒謬的;可笑的；intrinsic本質(zhì)的;固有的;eternal永恒的;不朽的;offensive攻擊的;冒犯的;無禮的;討厭的。That從句解釋說明了idea(想法):認(rèn)為地球是平的，靜止的。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Oneoftheimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepoweristhepowertopublicizeinvestigationsand[A]theirresults.Mostcommitteehearingsare[B]opentopublicandarereportedwidelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigations[C]thusrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterest[D]innationalissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.opentopublic

C.thusrepresent

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠詞。public表示“公眾”時(shí)，前面應(yīng)加定冠詞，因此B選項(xiàng)opentopublic應(yīng)該為opentothepublic。

18.單選題

（

）John,Ibegantotrustmyfeelingsandbegantobelieveinmyability.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Dueto

B.Obligedto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Thanksto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:由于約翰，我開始相信自己的感覺和能力。

短語辨析。Dueto因?yàn)?由于;Obligedto不得不(做),后面不接原因狀語;Byvirtueof由于,憑借;Thanksto幸虧,由于,可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語。故選D。

19.單選題

Weweregreatlysurprisedbytheway___thingsweredonehere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.inwhich

C.as

D.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。本句主語是we，謂語為詞組weresurprisedby，賓語theway；thingsweredonehere屬于完整的句子，根據(jù)句意可知修飾theway；結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知空格處要填入從句關(guān)系詞。判斷出此處考查theway+從句的固定用法：theway后引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有三種：1.that；2.inwhich；3.省略。句意：我們對(duì)這里的做法感到非常驚訝。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Thoughthesubwaysystemofthecityhasbeenwell-plannedforyears,itsfundingisstillintheair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.widelyspreading

B.totallyuncertain

C.hystericallyunconstraine

D.alreadybroadcast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：雖然這個(gè)城市的地鐵系統(tǒng)多年來已經(jīng)做好規(guī)劃，但是資金問題一直……。widelyspreading“廣泛傳播”；totallyuncertain“完全不確定”；hystericallyunconstrained“完全不受約束”；alreadybroadcast“已經(jīng)播出”。根據(jù)句子前后邏輯可知資金問題一直沒有解決，因此劃線詞組的意思是“懸而未決的”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

21.填空題

Theefforttoclarifythebewilderingnumberofinterrelatedobservations________bypsychoanalyticexplorationledtothedevelopmentofamodelofthestructureofthepsychicsystem.(cover)

【答案】uncovered

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞by，可知橫線所在內(nèi)容為動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，uncover的意思為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭露”，符合語境，其過去分詞為uncovered。

【句意】精神分析探索發(fā)現(xiàn)的觀察結(jié)果數(shù)目眾多、令人眼花繚亂、又相互關(guān)聯(lián)，努力闡明這些結(jié)果促進(jìn)了精神系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型的發(fā)展。

22.單選題

Ifnothingisdonetoprotecttheenvironment,millionsofspeciesthatarealivetodaywillhavebecome（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorated

B.degenerated

C.suppressed

D.extinct

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deteriorated“惡化的，變質(zhì)的”；B選項(xiàng)degenerated“退化的”；C選項(xiàng)suppressed“被鎮(zhèn)壓的”；D選項(xiàng)extinct“滅絕的”。句意：如果我們不采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境的話，今天還存在的數(shù)百萬種生物將會(huì)（）。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞alive，結(jié)合句意我們要選與之相對(duì)的詞，所以答案是D。

23.單選題

Itis（

）thattheInternetisexertingagrowingimportantinfluenceonpeople’slives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indistinctive

B.indissoluble

C.indispensable

D.indisputable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近形容詞詞義辨析。indistinctive“無特色的，不顯著的”；indissoluble“不能分解的，不能溶解的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；indisputable“明白的，無可爭(zhēng)議的”。根據(jù)句意“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)人們的生活起到了越來越重要的影響”，這個(gè)事實(shí)是無可爭(zhēng)議的，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

24.單選題

Thegovernmentrecentlypresentedanambitiousplantotackletheviolenceand_______thatfollowwhentoomanypeopledrinktoomuchtooquicklyintoosmallanarea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alienation

B.delimitation

C.bareness

D.mayhem

【答案】D

【解析】alienation疏遠(yuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)讓;delimitation定界;bareness赤裸,裸露;mayhem蓄意的破壞,故意的傷害罪。句意：政府最近提出了一項(xiàng)雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃，以解決在一個(gè)面積太小的地區(qū)，如果有太多的人飲酒太多太快而制造的暴力和混亂。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

25.單選題

Thesheerdiversityoftropicalplantsrepresentsaseemingly（）sourceofrawmaterials,ofwhichonlyafewhavebeenutilize.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exploited

B.quantifiable

C.controversial

D.inexhaustible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:exploited“開采；利用”；B:quantifiable“可以計(jì)量的”；C:controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的”；D:inexhaustible“無窮無盡的”。句意：熱帶植物絕對(duì)的多樣性似乎表明有無窮無盡的原材料資源，而這些原材料只有小部分被使用。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D最合適。

26.單選題

Duringthe19thcentury,JewsinmostEuropeancountriesachievedsomeequalityofstatuswithnon-Jews,attimesJewswereharassedbyanti-Semiticgroups.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoyed

B.opposed

C.exploited

D.despised

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:在19世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)歐洲國(guó)家的猶太人獲得了與非猶太人的平等地位，但是有時(shí)他們還會(huì)受到反猶太人群體的討厭。

annoy:煩惱，惹惱。oppose:反對(duì)，反抗。exploit:開發(fā)，開拓。despise:輕視，蔑視。harass:困擾，煩惱。故選A。

27.翻譯題

Nowastothematteroflying,youwanttobeverycarefulaboutlying;otherwiseyouarenearlysuretogetcaught.Oncecaught,youcanneveragainbe,intheeyesofthegoodandpure,whatyouwerebefore.Manyayoungpersonhasinjuredhimselfpermanentlythroughasingleclumsyandill-finishedlie,theresultofcarelessnessbornofincompletetraining.Someauthoritiesholdthattheyoungoughtnottolieatall.That,ofcourse,isputtingitratherstrongerthannecessary;stillwhilelcannotgoquitesofarasthat,Idomaintain,andIbelieveIamright,thattheyoungoughttobetemperateintheuseofthisgreatartuntilpracticeandexperienceshallgivethemthatconfidence,eleganceandprecisionwhichalonecanmaketheaccomplishmentgracefulandprofitable.Practice,diligence,painstakingattentiontodetail—thesearerequirements;theseintime,willmakethestudentperfect;uponthese,andupontheseonly,mayherelyasthesurefoundationforfutureeminence.Thinkwhattediousyearsofstudy,thought,practice,experience,wenttotheequipmentofthatpeerlessoldmasterwhowasabletoimposeuponthewholeworldtheloftyandsoundingmaximthat“Truthismightyandwillprevail”—themostmajesticcompoundfractureoffactwhichanyofwomanbornhasyetachieved.Forthehistoryofourrace,andeachindividual’sexperience,aresownthickwithevidencethatatruthisnothardtokillandalietoldwellisimmortal.ThereisinBostonamonumentofthemanwhodiscoveredanesthesia.

【答案】現(xiàn)在要是說到說謊，你必須要非常小心地說謊；否則你幾乎肯定會(huì)被抓。在善良和純潔的人眼里，一旦你被抓住，你就再也不可能是你以前的樣子了。許多年輕人就因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)笨拙的、沒有完成的謊言而永久地傷害了自己，這是缺乏訓(xùn)練而導(dǎo)致的粗心的結(jié)果。一些權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為，年輕人根本不應(yīng)該撒謊。當(dāng)然，這是一種過于強(qiáng)烈的表達(dá)；盡管我不能做到那樣，我還是會(huì)堅(jiān)持，我相信我是對(duì)的，年輕人在運(yùn)用這門偉大的藝術(shù)時(shí)應(yīng)該有節(jié)制，直到實(shí)踐和經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)給他們帶來自信、優(yōu)雅和精確，而只有這些才能使你優(yōu)雅而有益地完成這門藝術(shù)。實(shí)踐、勤奮、對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)心——這些都是要求；這些假以時(shí)日，會(huì)使學(xué)生臻于完美；在這些基礎(chǔ)上，也只有在這些基礎(chǔ)上，他才能作為未來顯赫的可靠基礎(chǔ)。想想看，這位舉世無雙的老大師，經(jīng)過多年枯燥乏味的學(xué)習(xí)、思考、實(shí)踐和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，才得以把“真理是強(qiáng)大的，并且將會(huì)獲勝”這句崇高而響亮的格言傳遍全世界——這是迄今為止任何一位女性所取得的最宏偉的復(fù)合斷裂事實(shí)。因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)祟惖臍v史和每個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷都布滿了證據(jù)，證明真理不難消滅，而講得好的謊言則是不朽的。波士頓有一座紀(jì)念麻醉術(shù)發(fā)明者的紀(jì)念碑。

28.單選題

Chicago'ssegregationofminoritiesisasoldasthecityitself.TheAfrican-Americanneighborhoodsoftoday'sSouthandWestsidesarelocatedinexactlythesamepartsofthecityastheAfrican-Americanneighborhoodsof1910.Andfrom1930totoday,theseAfricanAmericaneighborhoodshavebeenrepresentedinCongressandinthestatehousebyAfrican-Americanpoliticians,whohavedoneverylittle(otherthanpassFederalbenefitprograms)toliftAfrican-Americansoutofpoverty.Inthe2000Census,forexample,ofthetenpoorestcensustractsintheentireUnitedStates,ninewerelocatedintheSouthandWestSideAfrican-AmericanareasruledbyAfrican-AmericancongressmenBobbyRushandJesseJacksonJr.TheconceptofWesternImperialColonialismisverypopularintheliteratureofracialexploitation.ThecontinentofAfricawasdividedupinto“colonies”bythemajorEuropeanImperialpowersinaveryshortperiodoftime:justsevenyears,from1885to1892.Previously,Britainhadseizedvastterritoriesbelongingtootherculturesforhundredsofyears.Butin20thcenturyAmericaanewtypeofcolonywasinvented:AmericanurbancoloniesinthelargemetropolitanareasfromtheMidwestandNortheasttoLosAngeles.TheseweremadepossiblebytheGreatMigrationofAfrican-AmericansfromtheSouthtotheNorth,whichbeganduringWWI.Astheymovednorth,African-Americanswereimmediatelyconfinedtoghettoesdefinedbyracialboundaries.Noonedoubtsthatthissegregationwasdoneintentionally.Butit'simportanttorealizethatthissegregationwasnotcreatedbytheracistattitudesoftheresidentsofChicago(Chicagoneverhadslaves)butbytherulingpoliticalelite.AssoonastheAfrican-AmericanpopulationofChicagobegantoexpand,theGreatDepressionhitandputmanypersonsoutofwork.FDR'sresponsetothiswastocreatetheNewDealprogramsofwelfare,foodassistance,andsubsidizedhousing.Whilethisgreatlyhelpedunemployedpersonsofallraces,forAfrican-Americansitbegantheghettoizationoftheirpeopleintowhatcanonlybecalledurbancoloniesinthelargecitiesofthenorth.Thepatternseeninthe

20largestcitiesoftheUnitedStatesfrom1920to2010isremarkablyconsistent.In192019ofthetwentylargestcitieswerealllocatedintheNorth.Allofthesenineteencitieswerefrom92.5%to99%white.TheoneexceptionwasBaltimore,MDandthatwas85%white.Ithadaslightlylargerblackpopulationonlybecauseitwasaportofentryfortheslavetrade.Similarly,allofthesecitiessawgreatincreasesintheirblackpopulationsstartingin1920.By1990thesecitieswerefrom26to76%black.ThesecitiesdidnotlosewhitesbecauseAfrican-Americansmovedin.Rather,itismoreaccuratetosaythatAmericansareahighlymigratorygroup,andthebigcitieswereportsofentryforEuropeanimmigrants.Soaswhitesleft,politicianswantedtomaintaintheirpopulationnumbers.

Bythe2010CensusthecitieswiththehighestblackpopulationswereDetroit,MI,whichwas83%black,andNewark,NJwhichwas52%.(Sources:CensuspaperNo.76andCensus2010Quickfacts).AndsinceinallthemajorindustrialcitiesoftheNorth,thedestinationsofjob-seekingAfrican-AmericanmigrantswerecontrolledbyDemocrats,itisoverwhelminglyclearthatthesegreatpocketsofurbanpovertywerecreatedandmaintainedbythatonepoliticalparty.Tragicallyallofthesecitieshaveveryhighratesofsegregation,pooreducationforAfrican-Americans;highunemployment,singlemotherhood,andcrime.InChicago,“negrowards”astheywerethencalled,werequicklydrawnup:theirboundariesreflected(andpromoted)theracialsegregationofthetime.TheirpoliticalrepresentativeswereAfrican-American,andtheywereexpectedtodelivervotestotheDemocraticParty.MostAmericansdon'tknowthatChicagoisthecenterforblackpolitics.

Furthermore,sinceLincolnfreedtheslaves,African-AmericansinChicagovotedforRepublicans,untilaDemocraticMayor,AntonCermak,tookover;firedallthethousandsofAfrican-AmericanswhoRepublicanshadgivencitygovernmentjobs,andtookovertheblackvote.SincethattimeChicago'sAfrican-Americanshavebeenrepresentedexclusivelybyblackpoliticians,andalwayslivedinpoverty.WhatmadetheblacksubmachineofChicagopossiblewasthatChicagoalreadyhadinplaceaDemocraticMachine.ExploitationispromulgatedbyurbanDemocratsasawaytomanipulateresidentsandkeepthemselvesinpower.WhatmakestheAmericanUrbanColonialismplansorevolutionaryandingeniousisthatitdoesnotrelyonagreementswithforeigngovernments;themarketpriceofironore,orcottonforprofits;butonFederalbenefitprograms.Theseprogramdollarsareinfinitelymorereliableandpoliticallystable.

1.Accordingtotheessay,Americancitieslostwhiteresidentsdueto（

）.

2.Theessaysconvincinglydemonstratesthat

（

）.

3.TheDemocraticMachineinChicagoprovidesincentivesintheformof

（

）.

4.ObamamovedtoChicagobecause

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,Americanurbancolonialismistheresultof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whitevoter'sminorityruleintheRepublicanparty

B.theinfluxofEuropeanimmigrants

C.themigratorynatureofAmericans

D.ghettoizationbyAfrican-Americans

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.powerismoreimportantthanpeople

B.whiteAmericansareessentiallyracist

C.theCivilWarwasfoughtfornothing

D.slavetradedeterminedthefateofethnicminoritiesinAmericancities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.segregationofminorities

B.highunemployment,singlemotherhood,andcrime

C.federalbenefitprograms

D.negrowards

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theblacksubmachinealreadyhadinplaceaDemocraticMachine

B.Chicagoisthecenterforblackpolitics

C.theGreatMigrationofdirectedAfrican-AmericansfromtheSouthtotheNorth

D.ChicagoisthemostsegregatedcityinAmerica

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theghettoizationofAfrican-AmericanpeopleinAmericancities

B.thesegregationofminorities

C.thepoliticalclientelismoftheblacksubmachine

D.westerni