考研考博-英語-廣州商學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州商學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thechild’sparentswere______intoacceptingthedemandofthekidnappers.

問題1選項

A.pleaded

B.intoxicated

C.intimidated

D.besieged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項plead“借口，為……辯護，托稱”，B項intoxicate“（酒或毒品）（使）麻醉，（使）中毒”，C項intimidate“恐嚇，威脅，脅迫”，D項besiege“圍困，包圍，煩擾”。由kidnappers“綁匪”可知，空格處填入“恐嚇”符合語境。句意：孩子的父母受到恐嚇而接受了綁架者的要求。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

2.單選題

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.

Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves,memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffed(嗅出)somethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.

Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstantaccessmemoryoflargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words”stringofalphabeticornumericalcharactersreadyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.Steenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.

Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.Butwhilelanguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember,italsorequiresahugememorycapacity.Itmaywellbethiscapacitythatdistinguisheshumans,settingthemapartfromotheranimals.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmemory?

2.Accordingtothepassage,memoryishelpfulinone'slifeinthefollowingaspectsEXCEPTthat（

）.

3.Whatistheauthor'sviewaboutcomputersandhumanbeingsintermsofintelligence?

4.Whatisthemajorcharacteristicofman’smemorycapacityaccordingtotheauthor?

5.Humanbeingsmakethemselvesdifferentfromotheranimalsby

（

）.

問題1選項

A.Ithelpsusperceivethingshappeningarounduseveryday

B.Itisbasedonthedecisionswemadeinthepast

C.Itisrootedinourpasthabitsandskills

D.Itconnectsourpastexperienceswiththepresent

問題2選項

A.itinvolvesachangeinone'sbehavior

B.itkeepsinformationforlateruse

C.itwarnspeoplenottodothingsrepeatedly

D.itenablesonetoremembereventsthathappenedinthepast

問題3選項

A.Computershavebettermemorythanachilddoes

B.Computersareasintelligentasateenageris

C.Computerscanunderstandasmanyas100,000words

D.Humanbeingsarefarsuperiortocomputers

問題4選項

A.Itcanbeexpandedbylanguage

B.Itcanrememberallthecombinedwords

C.Itmaykeepalltheinformationinthepast

D.Itmaychangewhathasbeenstoredinit

問題5選項

A.havingtheabilitytoperceivedanger

B.havingafargreatermemorycapacity

C.havingtheabilitytorecognizefacesandplacesonsight

D.havingtheabilitytodrawonpastexperiences

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。文章第一段第二句話提到“大量日常認知的意義、我們做決定的依據(jù)和我們的習(xí)慣和技能的根源都是我們過去的經(jīng)歷，這些都是被記憶帶到現(xiàn)在來的”（Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory），由此可知，記憶能夠?qū)⑦^去與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來，因此選項D符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。文章第二段第二句話提到“記憶不僅僅是記住算數(shù)和歷史事實這類事情，還包括動物典型行為的改變”（Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves），可知選項A“它涉及行為的改變”是正確的，排除；文章第二段第一句話提到“記憶被定義為是一種將信息保存留待以后使用的能力”（Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse），由此可知選項B正確，排除；文章第一段提到了依靠記憶，可以把過去的經(jīng)驗與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來，選項D“記住過去發(fā)生的事情”正確，排除。因此，選項C符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。文章第三段講述了計算機強大的存儲功能。計算機跟青少年都能記憶十萬左右的英語單詞，但是單詞只是人類記憶中很小的一部分，人類還能記憶很多其他的內(nèi)容，比如，能一眼就分辨出不同的人臉和地方（However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight），可知人類比電腦要強，因此選項D符合題意。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。文章最后一段提到“當(dāng)語言極大的擴大人能夠記住的事情和事情最重要的部分的能力時，這需要有巨大的記憶存儲量”（Butwhilelanguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember,italsorequiresahugememorycapacity），因此選項A“能夠擴大存儲量”符合題意。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。文章最后一句話提到“可能就是這種記憶存儲量將人類與其他動物區(qū)分開來”（Itmaywellbethiscapacitythatdistinguisheshumans,settingthemapartfromotheranimals），因此選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Itwasclearthatthesmallgrocerwas（

）peopleheowedmoneyto.

問題1選項

A.attheexpenseof

B.attheriskof

C.inthewayof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。attheexpenseof“以……為代價”；attheriskof“冒著……的危險”；inthewayof“妨礙，關(guān)于……的方面”；atthemercyof“受……支配”。句意：很明顯，這個小雜貨商受他債主的支配。因此選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

2.

問題1選項

A.Hehasaterriblebackache.

B.Hehasabadheadache.

C.Hehasatoothache.

D.Hehasadiarrhea.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Whattimewouldyourdoctorbeintoday?

W:Heishereafter2:30.Doyouneedtoseehimtoday?

M:Yesmybackiskillingme.

Q:What’stheman’sproblem?

【解析】男士說：Yesmybackiskillingme(我的背疼死了)，故選A。

5.填空題

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage

Acoeducational（男女合校的）schoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatreeversionofsocietyinminiature（縮影）.Boysandgirlsaregiventhe1togettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsof2ability,athleticachievementandmanyoftheextracurricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapractical3itis（togivejustasmallexample）tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsensecoeducationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlsorviceversa.When4,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoits5place.

Thegreatestcontributionofcoeducationis6thehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon’tgrowupbelievingthatwomenare7creatures.Girlsdon’tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschoolremoveillusionsofthiskind.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicaland8problemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbe9inacoeducationalenvironment.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedto10societyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen

A.advantageB.properC.rewardedD.emotional

E.opportunityF.activityG.overcomeH.academic

I.enterJ.mysteriousK.eventuallyL.segregated

M.undoubtedlyN.principleO.advocate

【答案】1.E

2.H

3.A

4.L

5.B

6.O

7.J

8.D

9.G

10.I

【解析】名詞：A選項advantage“優(yōu)勢”；E選項opportunity“機會”；F選項activity“活動”；H選項academic學(xué)者；N選項principle“原則”

動詞：C選項rewarded“獎勵，獎賞”；G選項overcome“克服”；I選項enter“進入”；L選項segregated“隔離”；O選項advocate“倡導(dǎo)”

形容詞：B選項proper“合適的”；D選項emotional“感情的，情緒的”；H選項academic“學(xué)術(shù)的，理論的”；J選項mysterious“神秘的，難解的”；L選項segregated“分割的”；

副詞：K選項eventually“最終地”；M選項undoubtedly“確實地，毋庸置疑地”

1.句意：男孩子和女孩子能夠有（）來了解對方。這里空格在冠詞后，且后面沒有名詞，所以可知空格處應(yīng)該填名詞，這里從名詞詞義代入，E選項最符合題意。

2.句意：他們處于一個地方，一個他們可以在（）能力、運動成就和許多課外活動（這是學(xué)校生活的一部分）方面互相比較的地方?？崭窈竺娴膯卧~是名詞所以前面填的實詞是形容詞，聯(lián)系下文的athleticachievement（體育成就）和extracurricularactivities（課外活動），這里指的應(yīng)該是學(xué)業(yè)活動，所以答案選H選項。

3.句意：這是多么實際的（）（舉一個小例子），能夠上演一個學(xué)校戲劇，其中的男性角色將由男孩扮演，而女性角色將由女孩扮演。感嘆句的用法是whata+N+句子其他部分或者How+adj+N+句子其他部分。這里是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，所以空格處填名詞，演戲劇的時候男性扮演男性角色女性扮演女性角色，相比于男子學(xué)院或者女子學(xué)院來說是一種優(yōu)勢，所以答案選A。

4.句意：當(dāng)（），男孩和女孩感到他們是一個種族的差異。在狀語從句中如果主語與主句的主語一致，同時從句中又含有系動詞be，則通?？墒∪木涞闹髡Z和系動詞be，留下其余部分，所以句子里的時間狀語從句省略了boysandgirlsare，所以空格處填的詞是形容詞、動名詞、名詞。根據(jù)主句關(guān)鍵詞apart，這里的詞選擇L。

5.句意：在男女同校的學(xué)校里，所有東西都落在它（）的位置。這里的空格放在代詞后面名詞前面所以空格處填的是形容詞。根據(jù)上文中，排練戲劇時，男性扮演男性角色、女性扮演女性角色可知答案選B，所有事情都放在自己合適的位置。

6.句意：男女同校最大的貢獻是它（）健康的生活態(tài)度。空格前面的詞語時be動詞把空格處去掉也不影響句意，所以空格處是個修飾性詞語也就是動詞或者副詞，空格后面的詞語是形容詞所以空格處一定要選副詞。根據(jù)句意M選項符合邏輯。be動詞后面不能接動詞原型，所以答案不能選O。

7.句意：男孩在成長過程中不會相信女人是（）生物。空格后面是名詞，所以答案選形容詞選項，從后面那句女孩也不再認為男生是浪漫的英雄可知，男女同校的好處是破除兩性之間的刻板印象，結(jié)合選項，這里選擇J選項，男孩子不會認為女生是神秘的生物。

8.句意：棘手的青春期把成長過程中涉及到的一些身體問題和（）問題清晰地呈現(xiàn)出來。空格后的詞語是名詞，所以空格處應(yīng)該填形容詞，空格前的連詞and連接生理的，所以這里填的就是心理的，答案選D。

9.句意：這些可以在男女同校的環(huán)境中被（）。這里be動詞與過去分詞組成被動語態(tài)，所以有C、G選項可選，these指的是前面句子中男孩和女孩在青春期遇到的問題，所以能夠和問題搭配的詞語是G選項。

10.句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生們離開學(xué)校的時候，他們已經(jīng)完全準備好以適應(yīng)社會的成年人的身份（）社會。根據(jù)固定搭配preparetodosth.由此可知空格處填的詞是動詞原形，空格處接的詞是society根據(jù)句意，這里選I選項最為合適。

6.單選題

Idon'tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（

）tothattypeofwork.

問題1選項

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。compatible意為“兼容的，相容的”；convenient意為“方便的”；consistent意為“與……一致的，相符的”；competent意為“有能力的，能勝任的”。

句意：我認為Johnson在他的新工作上不會成功的，因為他不能勝任那種類型的工作。

7.單選題

Whowouldhavethoughtwewouldbecomeaplanetof“ologies”？There’sbiology,psychology,herpetology,etymology,andgeologyjusttonameafew.However,one“ology”trulyhelpsustounderstandthemostpartofourplanet,ourenvironment.Ecology(whichisfilledwithecologists)isthestudyofecosystemsandthebeingsandorganismsthatinhabitthoseecosystems.Justthink,inconditionofbees,deerandotherorganisms,youareimportanttoecologists.

Ecosystemsarecommunitiesthatvaryinsizeandlocation.Theycanbeassmallasapatchofglassoraslargeastheentirebiosphere.Themanyvarietiesofplantsandanimalsthatexistinourplanetecosystemsareimportanttoourecosystems.Plantsinparticularprovideoxygenandnutrientsallorganismsneedtosurvive.Theseproducershavetheabilitytousethesun’senergytoproducefood(thinkphotosynthesis).Thisiswheretheanimalsandconsumersbecomeimportant.Theanimalsgettheirenergybyeatingtheplantsandotherorganismswithintheecosystem.Withouttheproducersandconsumers,decomposerswouldnothaveajob.Asyoumayhaveguests,decomposers,likebacteria,stepinbrokendown,theorganicmaterialsareabsorbedbythesoilandgasesaresentbackintoouratmosphere.ThewholeprocessisreadytostartagainthroughtheEarth’snaturalcycles.Therehastobeabalanceofproducers,consumers,decomposersinordertoremainabalancedecosystem.

Remember,allorganismsneedmatterandenergytosurvive.Anecosystemisbalancedwhenmatterandenergymoveefficientlythroughthoseecosystems.Justasyourbackpackhasalimitonthenumberofhugetextbooksitcancarryatanygiventime,allecosystemshavealimitonthepopulationstheycanmaintain.Carryingcapacityisthelargestpopulationanecosystemcansupportatanyparticulartime.Thesupportofthispopulationdependsontheamountofresources(matterandenergy)thatareavailableandthemovementofthoseresourceswithinthatecosystem.Ifenergyandmatteraremovingefficientlythroughanecosystem,thenthecurrentpopulationofplantsandanimalshasnotreachedbeyondtheecosystem’scarryingcapacity.Onceresourcesdwindleoranimalpopulationsincreasedramatically,theecosystemmaynotbeabletosupportthosepopulations.Fortunately,naturehasthreewaystocontrolthebalanceofecosystems:ecologicalresponsestochange,energytransfer,andfoodchainsandfoodwebs.

1.Thepurposeofstartingthearticlewiththeword-ending“ology”(Line1,Paragraph1)is（）.

2.Accordingtothisarticle,theecosystems（）.

3.Accordingtothearticle,theword“producers”(Line3,Paragraph2)refersto（）.

4.Wecaninferfromthearticlethatintheecosystemthejobforthe“decomposer”(Lines6,Paragraph2)isto（）.

5.Accordingtothearticle,（）hasthreewaystocontrolthebalanceoftheecosystems.

問題1選項

A.totracetheoriginof“ology”

B.togiveanexampleforthemeaningof“ology”

C.tointroducetheterm“ecology”

D.toillustratetheimportanceofbalancingtheecosystems

問題2選項

A.areindangerofbeingdestroyed

B.areverysmallinsize

C.referonlytotheentirebiosphere

D.varygreatlyinsizeandlocation

問題3選項

A.plants

B.animals

C.ecologists

D.consumers

問題4選項

A.absorbthesun’senergy

B.produceoxygenandnutrients

C.breakdownthedungandtheremainsofdeadorgan

D.eattheplantsandanimals

問題5選項

A.humanbeings

B.theenvironment

C.animalsandplants

D.nature

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)原文可知，作者之所以用后綴“ology”開始文章，目的在于引出本文的主題：生態(tài)學(xué)。選項C正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Ecosystemsarecommunitiesthatvaryinsizeandlocation.”生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是大小和位置不同的群體，選項D與原文表述一致。

3.詞義推斷題。結(jié)合上下文及句意可知，“producers”即上句提及的“Plants”。選項A正確。

4.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“分解者，如細菌，進入分解，有機物質(zhì)被土壤吸收，氣體被送回我們的大氣層?！边x項C動物的糞便和殘骸均屬于有機物，所以正確。

5.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“naturehasthreewaystocontrolthebalanceofecosystems...”可知選項D正確。

8.單選題

Whilethemissionofpublicschoolshasexpandedbeyondeducationtoincludesocialsupportandextra-curricularactivities,theacademicschedulehaschangedlittleinmorethanacentury.

Reclaimingtheschooldayforacademicinstructionandescapingthetime-boundtraditionsofeducationarevitalstepsintheschool-reformprocess,saysareportreleasedtodaybytheNationalEducationCommissiononTimeandLearning.

Thecommission'sreport,titled"PrisonersofTime,"callsthefixedclockandcalendarinAmericaneducationa"fundamentaldesignflaw”indesperateneedofchange."Timeshouldservechildreninsteadofchildrenservingtime,"thereportsays.

Thetwo-yearcommissionfoundthatholdingAmericanstudentsto"world-classstandards"willrequiremoretimeforclassroominstruction."Wehavebeenaskingtheimpassibleofourstudentsthattheylearnasmuchastheirforeignpeerswhilespendinghalfasmuchasincoreacademicsubjects,"itstates.

TheCommissioncomparedtherelationshipsbetweentimeandlearninginJapan,Germany,andtheUnitedStatesandfoundthatAmericanstudentsreceivelessthanhalfthebasicacademicinstructionthatJapaneseandGermanstudentsareprovided.Onaverage,Americanstudentscanearnahighschooldiplomaiftheyspendonly41percentoftheirschooltimeonacademics,saysthereport.

Americanstudentsspendanaverageofthreehoursadayon“core”academicssuchasEnglish,math,science,andhistory,thecommissionfound.Theirreportrecommendsofferingaminimumof5.5hoursofacademicseveryschoolday.

Thenine-membercommissionalsorecommendslengtheningtheschooldaybeyondthetraditionalsixhours.

"Ifschoolswanttocontinueofferingimportantactivitiesoutsidetheacademiccore,aswellasservingasahubforfamilyandcommunityservices,theyshouldkeepschooldoorsopenlongereachdayandeachyear,"saysJohnHodgeJones,superintendentofschoolsinMurfreesboro,Tenn.,andchairmanofthecommission.

ThetypicalschoolyearinAmericanpublicschoolsis180days.Elevenstatesallowschoolyearsof175daysorless,andonlyonestaterequiresmorethan180days.

"Foroveradecade,educationreformadvocateshavebeenworkingfeverishlytoimproveourschools,"saysMiltonGoldberg,executivedirectorofthecommission.“But…ifreformistotrulytakehold,thesix-hour,180-dayschoolyearshouldberelegatedtomuseums—anexhibitfromoureducationpast"

1.Comparedwiththeacademiccoursesmorethanahundredyearsago,theacademiccoursesnow（）.

2.Theresearchesbythecommissionmentionedinthepassagearemostconcernedabout（）.

3.Asismentionedinthepassage,schoolsintheUnitedStatesdothefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.AmericanstudentsdifferfromthoseinJapan,Germanyinthat（）.

5.ExecutivedirectorofthecommissionMiltonGoldbergwouldmostprobablyagreethat（）.

問題1選項

A.includesomeextra-curricularactivities

B.focusmoreoneducationofsocialsupport

C.demandstudents'morecontributionoftime

D.remainmoreorlesswhattheyusedtobe

問題2選項

A.thetimeattributedtoacademiclearning

B.thecomponentsofschooleducation

C.thechangesineducationintherecentcentury

D.thefashionofeducationmanagement

問題3選項

A.providingimportantoutside-academicactivities

B.servingsocialunitssuchasfamilyandcommunity

C.arrangingsix-hourteachingandlearningeveryday

D.havingcompetitionwithschoolsofothercountries

問題4選項

A.theystayatschoolforashortertimeeveryday

B.theydonotlearnasmuchastheircounterpartsabroad

C.theydevotelesstimetoacademiclearning

D.theyearnahighschooldiplomamoreeasily

問題5選項

A.whattheeducationreformadvocateshavedoneisnotgoodenough

B.thetimeofschooldayandschoolyearshouldbeextended.

C.visitingmuseumscanimprovestudents'academiclearningability.

D.socialsupportandextra-curricularactivitiesshouldbecancelled.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。第一段中的“Whilethemissionofpublicschoolshasexpandedbeyondeducationtoincludesocialsupportandextra-curricularactivities,theacademicschedulehaschangedlittleinmorethanacentury.雖然公立學(xué)校的任務(wù)已經(jīng)拓展到教育以外的社會支持和課外活動，但在一個多世紀里學(xué)術(shù)時間安排卻變化很小?！笨赏茢郉“仍然跟過去差不多”正確；故C“要求學(xué)生貢獻更多時間”不正確。A“extra-curricularactivities課外活動”屬于學(xué)校任務(wù)，不屬于學(xué)術(shù)課程；B“更注重社會支持的教育”文中沒有提及。

2.事實細節(jié)題。第二段中“Reclaimingtheschooldayforacademicinstructionandescapingthetime-boundtraditionsofeducationarevitalstepsintheschool-reformprocess，…在學(xué)校改革的過程中，恢復(fù)以學(xué)術(shù)為導(dǎo)向的學(xué)校教學(xué)日和跳出有時限的傳統(tǒng)教育是學(xué)校改革進程至關(guān)重要的步驟”可推斷A“用到學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)上的時間”正確；故C“最近這個世紀的教育變化”不正確。B“學(xué)校教育的構(gòu)成”及D“教學(xué)管理的方式”在文中沒有提及。

3.事實細節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第三段中“Ifschoolswanttocontinueofferingimportantactivitiesoutsidetheacademiccore,aswellasservingasahubforfamilyandcommunityservices如果學(xué)校想繼續(xù)提供學(xué)術(shù)核心以外的重要活動，以及充當(dāng)家庭和社區(qū)服務(wù)的中心…”可推斷A與B在文中有提及；由倒數(shù)第四段中“l(fā)engtheningtheschooldaybeyondthetraditionalsixhours.延長傳統(tǒng)的6小時教學(xué)日時長…可推斷C在文中有提及；D“和其他國家的學(xué)校進行競爭”在文中沒有提及，故D項為正確選項。

4.事實細節(jié)題。由第五段中“...foundthatAmericanstudentsreceivelessthanhalfthebasicacademicinstructionthatJapaneseandGermanstudentsareprovided….發(fā)現(xiàn)美國學(xué)生接受的基本學(xué)術(shù)教育不到日本和德國學(xué)生的一半”可推知C“與德國和日本的學(xué)生不同的是美國學(xué)生在學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)上投入的時間較少”正確。A“美國學(xué)生每天在校時間較少”在文中沒有提及，由第四段中“…thattheylearnasmuchastheirforeignpeerswhilespendinghalfasmuchasincoreacademicsubject…美國學(xué)生所學(xué)的東西和他們的外國同齡人一樣多，但花在核心學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科上的時間卻只有他們的一半…”可知B與D不正確。

5.判斷推理題。由最后一段中“Butifreformistotrulytakehold,thesix-hour,180-dayschoolyearshouldberelegatedtomuseums—anexhibitfromoureducationpast"但是…如果改革真的生效，那么每天6個小時，一年180天的上學(xué)時間就應(yīng)該被歸入到博物館中來展示我們過去的教育”可推斷“MiltonGoldberg支持每天上學(xué)的時間和每學(xué)年的天數(shù)被延長”，故B正確；也由此知C“參觀博物館能提升學(xué)生的學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)能力”不正確。最后一段中“Foroveradecade,educationreformadvocateshavebeenworkingfeverishlytoimproveourschools…過去的十來年，教育改革倡導(dǎo)者們一直在狂熱地努力改進我們的學(xué)?！笨赏茢郃“教育改革倡導(dǎo)者所做的還不夠”不符合原文；D“社會支持與課外活動應(yīng)被取消”在原文中未提及。

9.單選題

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet(棘皮動物的管足)，underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-colorandearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomemotionlessandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinshorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfwhenitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theshapeofseacucumbersisimportantbecause（）.

3.Thefourthparagraphofthepassagemainlydiscuses（）.

4.Ofallthefeaturesoftheseacucumber,whichofthefollowingseemstofascinatetheauthormost?

5.Comparedwithotherseacreaturestheseacucumberisvery（）.

問題1選項

A.thereasonfortheseacucumber’sname

B.whatmakestheseacucumberunusual

C.howtoidentifytheseacucumber

D.placeswheretheseacucumbercanbe

問題2選項

A.itshelpsthemtodigesttheirfood

B.ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger

C.itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud

D.itmakesthemattractivetofish

問題3選項

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers’existence

問題4選項

A.Whatitdoeswhenthreatened

B.Whereitlives

C.Howithidesfrompredators

D.Whatiteats

問題5選項

A.dangerous

B.intelligent

C.fat

D.strange

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句說到Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.（海洋里沒有比普通海參更奇怪的生物。），而文章的其余部分都是圍繞這句話展開，介紹了海參的種種奇特之處。所以B選項“什么讓海參與眾不同”符合文章的中心主旨。A選項“海參得名的原因”，C選項“如何識別海參”和D選項“海參可能在的地方”文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D不正確。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“shape”可以定位到文章第三段最后一句thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents（這種形狀，再加上柔韌性，使它們能夠擠進裂縫中，在那里它們可以免受捕食者和洋流的傷害。），說明海參的形狀能使它們躲避捕食者和洋流的傷害，所以B選項“幫助它們保護自己免受危險”正確。A選項“幫助它們消化食物”，C選項“使它們更容易在泥中移動”和D選項“使它們對魚有吸引力”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

3.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到第四段，第四段第一句說到Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomemotionlessandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods（雖然海參食欲旺盛，晝夜不停地進食，但它們有能力靜止不動，以低代謝率的方式生活——很少進食或長期不進食。），可以得知第四段說的是海參的進食習(xí)慣，所以C選項“海參的進食習(xí)慣”符合第四段的中心主旨。A選項“海參的繁殖”，B選項“海參的食物來源”和D選項“對海參生存的威脅”在第四段中均沒有提及，所以A，B，D錯誤。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“fascinatetheauthormost”可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.（但海參最引人注目的是它的自衛(wèi)方式。），說明作者認為海參最吸引人的地方在于它遇到威脅時的自衛(wèi)方式，所以A選項“它受到威脅時的做法”正確。B選項“它住在哪里”，C選項“它是如何躲避捕食者的”和D選項“它吃什么”雖然文章中有介紹，但都不是吸引作者的地方，所以B，C，D錯誤。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“seacreatures”可以定位到第一段第一句Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.（海洋里沒有比普通海參更奇怪的生物。），說明比起其他海洋生物，海參非常奇怪，所以D選項“奇怪”正確。A選項“危險”，B選項“聰明”和C選項“肥胖”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，C錯誤。

10.單選題

BesidesthoseIhavenamed,therewasnotinBritainthemanlivingwhomI（）,unlessitweretheDukeofWellington,whomIafterwardssawatWestminsterAbbey,atthefuneralofWilberforce.

問題1選項

A.caredforbeholding

B.caredtobehold

C.caredtobebeheld

D.caredforbeingbeheld

【答案】B

【解析】語法和固定搭配。caretodosth.“想做某事，愿意做某事”;carefor“關(guān)心，喜歡”；behold“看，看見”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格中應(yīng)該填入定語從句的謂語，先行詞為theman，關(guān)系代詞為whom，theman和behold之間是主動關(guān)系，選項C和D可排除。句意：除了我所提到的那些人以外，在英國沒有一個活著的人是我所愿意見到的，除非是Wellington,公爵，我后來在威伯福斯的葬禮上在威斯敏斯特大教堂見到了他。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Aseducationalsystembecomeuniversal,moreandmorepeoplewereexposedtoabstractlearningratherthantothepractical（

）ofspecificskills.

問題1選項

A.transportation

B.transaction

C.transmission

D.translation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。transportation意為“運送，運輸”；transaction意為“交易，業(yè)務(wù)”；transmission意為“傳播，傳遞”；translation意為“翻譯”。

句意：隨著教育體系的普及，越來越多的人接觸到抽象的學(xué)習(xí)，而不是具體技能的實際傳授。

12.單選題

“Twohundredeightmillion,twohundredninemillion,twohundredtenmillion...”ThatisthesoundofsolidwastehittingthebottomofgarbagecansalloverUnitedStatesin1996.Solidwastesarematerialsthatarediscardedorthrownawayafterusebyconsumersandbusinesses.Thisdoesnotincludefluidmaterials.Duringthatyear,Americansthrewaway210milliontons(about43pounds/20kilogramsperpersondaily)ofgarbage.Wethrowaway12.4milliontonsofglassandabout80milliontonsofpaperproducts.Americaalsothrowsawaylargeamounts(intons)offoodscraps,yardwastes,plastics,sludgefromsewagetreatmentplants,andothermaterials.Thatisalmostamountainofgarbage.

Eventhoughwemakeanefforttorecycleandcompostoursolidwaste,theamountofwastekeepsincreasingeachyear.Ourbiggestproblemiswheretoputthesolidwasteandhowtokeepitfrompollutingourenvironment.Ifsolidwasteisdisposedofincorrectly,itcancontaminateoursurfaceandundergroundwatersupplies.Currently,ourmunicipalwasteorwastecollectedbyourcitiesandtowns,goestolandfills.Today,about85%ourgarbagegoestolandfillsorgarbagedumps.Thiswastemustbetreatedtokeeprats,fliesandotheranimalsfrombuildingtheirhomeinthelandfills.Thetreatalsopreventsthegrowthofbacteriaandotherorganismthatcarrydiseases.So,howdowehandlethismountainofgarbage?Scientistshavecomeupwithdifferentmethodsforhandlingourwasteproblem.

OnetypeofwastedisposalcalledsanitarylandfillwasfirstusedinFresnoCalifornia,in1937.Insanitarylandfill,thesolidwasteisspreadinthinlayersthatcompactedandcoveredwithalayerofearth.Thisisamoreexpensivemethod,butittakesawaythehazardsthatarecausedbylandfills.Italsoallowedthelandtobeusedforbuildingorrecreation.Thenegat