考研考博-英語(yǔ)-星海音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-星海音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Suchachangewouldnot______tothewishesofthegreatmajorityofthepeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.conform符合，遵照B.confirm確認(rèn)

C.confine限制，限定D.confront使面對(duì)，使面臨

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后的to可知，空格處要填入一個(gè)和to搭配的動(dòng)詞；由賓語(yǔ)thewishes（愿望）可知，conformto（符合）適合句子語(yǔ)境。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、D選項(xiàng)不與to進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)confineto表示“限制于”，不符合句子語(yǔ)義。

【句意】這種變化不符合大多數(shù)人民的愿望。

2.單選題

Samanthasobbeduncontrollablyandhidinthelockerroom,so______wassheabouthavinglostinthefinalsofthestatetennischampionship.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pragmatic

B.dejected

C.jubilant

D.indifferent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pragmatic“務(wù)實(shí)的”；B選項(xiàng)dejected“沮喪的”；C選項(xiàng)jubilant“歡呼雀躍的”；D選項(xiàng)indifferent“漠不關(guān)心的”。句意：薩曼莎控制不住哭泣，躲在更衣室里，非常______她輸?shù)袅酥菥W(wǎng)球錦標(biāo)賽的決賽。輸?shù)舯荣愐院笏_曼莎哭泣，躲在更衣室里不想見(jiàn)人，B選項(xiàng)dejected“沮喪的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thepapergaveaclear______ofthetheoryofrelativity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposition

B.exposure

C.composition

D.demonstration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)exposition“博覽會(huì)；闡述”，B項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光”，C項(xiàng)composition“作文，作曲，作品”，D項(xiàng)demonstration“示范，證明，示威游行”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞paper“論文”和thetheoryofrelativity“相對(duì)論”可知，ademonstrationof“證明”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：這篇論文對(duì)相對(duì)論作了明確的論證。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confess

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布朗一家住在郊區(qū)寬敞而且設(shè)施齊全的房子里。Confess“懺悔”，動(dòng)詞；sufficient“足夠的”；wide“寬敞的”；wretched“可憐的”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Humanmigration:thetermisvague.Whatpeopleusuallythinkofisthepermanentmovementofpeoplefromonehometoanother.Morebroadly,though,migrationmeansalltheways—fromtheseasonaldriftofagriculturalworkerswithinacountrytotherelocationofrefugeesfromonecountrytoanother.

Migrationisbig,dangerous,compelling.Itis60millionEuropeansleavinghomefromthe16thtothe20thcenturies.Itissome15millionHindus,Skihs,andMuslimssweptupinatumultuousshuffleofcitizensbetweenIndiaandPakistanafterthepartitionofthesubcontinentin1947.

Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”

Butitismuchmorethanthat.Itis,ashasalwaysbeen,thegreatadventureofhumanlife.Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.

“Youhaveahistorybookwritteninyourgenes,”saidSpencerWells.Thebookhe’stryingtoreadgoesbacktolongbeforeeventhefirstwordwaswritten,anditisastoryofmigration.

Wells,atall,blondgeneticistatStanfordUniversity,spentthesummerof1998exploringremotepartsofTranscaucasiaandCentralAsiawiththreecolleaguesinaLandRover,lookingfordropsofblood.Intheblood,donatedbythepeoplehemet,hewillsearchforthestorythatgeneticmarkerscantellofthelongpathshumanlifehastakenacrosstheEarth.Geneticstudiesarethelatesttechniqueinalongeffortofmodernhumanstofindoutwheretheyhavecomefrom.Buthoweverthepathsaretraced,thebasicstoryissimple:peoplehavebeenmovingsincetheywerepeople.Ifearlyhumanshadn’tmovedandintermingledasmuchastheydid,theyprobablywouldhavecontinuedtoevolveintodifferentspecies.FrombeginningsinAfrica,mostresearchersagree,groupsofhunter-gatherersspreadout,driventotheendsoftheEarth.

TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.Thefirstfactorgaveusthekeystothedoorofanyroomontheplanet;theothergaveusreasonstousethem.

Overthecenturies,asagriculturespreadacrosstheplanet,peoplemovedtowardplaceswheremetalwasfoundandworkedandtocentersofcommercethatthenbecomecities.Thoseplaceswere,inturn,invadedandoverrunbypeoplelatergenerationscalledbarbarians.

Inbetweenthesestormsurgesweresteadierbutsimilarlyprofoundfidesinwhichpeoplemovedouttocolonizeorwerecapturedandbroughtinasslaves.ForawhilethepopulationofAthens,thatcityoflegendaryenlightenmentwasasmuchas35percentslaves.

“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.

Itisdifficulttothinkofanygreateventsthatdidnotinvolvemigration.Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.“It’spartofournature,thismovement,”Millersaid,“It’sjustafactofthehumancondition.”

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.AccordingtoKingsleyDavis,migrationoccursasaresultofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

3.WhichofthefollowinggroupsisNOTmentionedasmigrantsinthepassage?

4.Thereseemstobea(n)______relationshipbetweengreateventsandmigration.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Migrationexertsagreatimpactonpopulationchange.

B.MigrationcontributestoMankind’sprogress.

C.Migrationbringsaboutdesirableandundesirableeffects

D.Migrationmaynotbeaccompaniedbyhumanconflicts.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.humanadaptability

B.humanevolution

C.culturaldifferences

D.inter-groupinequalities

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Farmers.

B.Workers.

C.Settlers.

D.Colonizers.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.loose

B.indefinite

C.causal

D.remote

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下列哪個(gè)陳述是不正確的？”。根據(jù)第三段第一句Migrationisthedynamicundertowofpopulationchange:everyone’ssolution,everyone’sconflict.（移民是人口變化的動(dòng)態(tài)的潛在影響：每個(gè)人的解決方案，每個(gè)人的沖突）可知，A項(xiàng)“人口遷移對(duì)人口變化有很大的影響”正確，而D項(xiàng)“移民可能不會(huì)伴隨著人類(lèi)沖突”與原文不符；由第三段最后一句Asthecenturyturns,migration,withitsinevitableeconomicandpoliticalturmoil,hasbeencalled“oneofthegreatestchallengesofthecomingcentury.”（隨著世紀(jì)之交的到來(lái)，移民及其不可避免的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治動(dòng)蕩被稱為“下個(gè)世紀(jì)最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一”）以及第四段最后一句Migrationhelpedcreatehumans,droveustoconquertheplanet,shapedoursocieties,andpromisestoreshapethemagain.（移民幫助創(chuàng)造了人類(lèi)，驅(qū)使我們征服這個(gè)星球，塑造了我們的社會(huì)，并有望再次重塑它們）可知，B項(xiàng)“移民有助于人類(lèi)的進(jìn)步”和C項(xiàng)“移民帶來(lái)了有利和不利的影響”都符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)KingsleyDavis的說(shuō)法，移民的發(fā)生是由于以下原因，除了……”。根據(jù)文章第七段TodemographerKingsleyDavis,twothingsmademigrationhappen.First,humanbeings,withtheirtoolsandlanguage,couldadapttodifferentconditionswithouthavingtowaitforevolutiontomakethemsuitableforanewniche.Second,aspopulationsgrew,culturesbegantodiffer,andinequalitiesdevelopedbetweengroups.（在人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家KingsleyDavis看來(lái)，有兩件事促成了移民的發(fā)生。首先，人類(lèi)可以用他們的工具和語(yǔ)言來(lái)適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境，而不必等待進(jìn)化使他們適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。其次，隨著人口的增長(zhǎng)，文化開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)差異，不同群體之間的不平等也在發(fā)展。）可知，移民發(fā)生的原因包括人類(lèi)的適應(yīng)性和文化的差異以及不同群體之間的不平等，A項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)的適應(yīng)能力”、C項(xiàng)“文化差異”和D項(xiàng)“部落之間的不平等”都是其中的原因，只有B項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)進(jìn)化”未提及。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下列哪個(gè)群體在文章中沒(méi)有提到是移民？”。最后一段講述了幾起重大事件引起的人口遷移：Religionsspawnedpilgrimsorsettlers;warsdroverefugeesbeforethemandmadenewlandavailablefortheconquerors;politicalupheavalsdisplacedthousandsormillions;economicinnovationsdrewworkersandentrepreneurslikemagnets;environmentaldisasterslikefamineordiseasepushedtheirbedraggledsurvivorsanywheretheycouldreplanthope.（宗教催生了朝圣者或定居者；戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)把難民趕到了他們面前，為征服者提供了新的土地；政治動(dòng)蕩使成千上萬(wàn)人流離失所；經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新像磁鐵一樣吸引著工人和企業(yè)家；像饑荒或疾病這樣的環(huán)境災(zāi)難把他們臟兮兮的生還者推到任何他們可以重新種植希望的地方。），由此可知，B項(xiàng)“工人”、C項(xiàng)“定居者”和D項(xiàng)“殖民者”都是移民的群體，只有A項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”沒(méi)有被提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“在重大事件和移民之間似乎有一個(gè)……的關(guān)系”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whatstrikesmeishowimportantmigrationisasacauseandeffectinthegreatworldevents.”MarkMiller,co-authorofTheAgeofMigrationandaprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniversityofDelaware,toldmerecently.（特拉華大學(xué)政治學(xué)教授、《移民時(shí)代》的合著者M(jìn)arkMiller最近告訴我：“讓我震驚的是，移民和世界重大事件是因果關(guān)系。”）可知，C項(xiàng)“因果”正確；A項(xiàng)“松散的”、B項(xiàng)“不確定的”和D項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的”都不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Shewasso（

）inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immersed

B.obsessed

C.submerged

D.suffocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)通常用于beimmersedin（沉浸于，埋頭于，陷入）；B選項(xiàng)通常用于beobsessedwith（癡迷于，著迷于）；C選項(xiàng)submerge“浸沒(méi)，淹沒(méi)”；D選項(xiàng)suffocate“（使）窒息而死，（把……）悶死”。句中的so...that表示“如此……以至于”，根據(jù)固定搭配和后面的shedidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintheroom（我走進(jìn)房間時(shí)她沒(méi)注意到我）可知她沉浸于工作中，以至于沒(méi)注意到我進(jìn)來(lái)，因此選A。句意：她如此沉浸于工作中，以至于我進(jìn)屋時(shí)她都沒(méi)有注意到我。

7.單選題

Thereisno（）evidencethatpeoplecancontroltheirdreams,atleastinexperimentalsituationsinalab.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rigid

B.solid

C.smooth

D.harsh

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rigid“嚴(yán)格的”；B選項(xiàng)solid“可靠的”；C選項(xiàng)smooth“光滑的”；D選項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)酷的”。句意：沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)表明人們可以控制自己的夢(mèng)，至少在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的實(shí)驗(yàn)情況下是這樣。本句表示可靠確鑿的證據(jù)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Eachsummer,nomatterhowpressingmyworkschedule,Itakeoffonedayexclusivelyformyson.Wecallitdad-sonday.Thisyearourthirdstopwastheamusementpark,wherehediscoveredthathewastallenoughtorideoneofthefastestrollercoasters(過(guò)山車(chē))intheworld.Weblastedthroughface-stretchingturnsandloopsforninetyseconds.Then,aswesteppedofftheride,heshruggedand,inadistressinglycalmvoice,remarkedthatitwasnotasexcitingasotherrideshe’dbeenon.AsIlistened,Ibegantosensesomethingseriouslyoutofbalance.

Throughouttheseason,Inoticedsimilareventsallaroundme.Parentsseemedhardpressedtofindnewthrillsforindifferentkids.Surroundedbyever-greaterstimulation,theiryoungfaceswerelookingdisappointedandbored.

Facingtheirchildren’scomplaintsof“nothingtodo”,parentswereshellingoutlargenumbersofdollarsforvariousformsofentertainment.Inmanycasesthemoneyseemedtodolittlemorethanbuytransientrelieffromtheterriblemoansoftheirboredchildren.Thissetmeponderingtheobviousquestion:“Howcanitbesohardforkidstofindsomethingtodowhenthere’sneverbeensucharangeofstimulatingentertainmentavailabletothem?”

Whatreallyworriesmeistheintensityofthestimulation.watchmylittledaughter’sfaceassheabsorbsthepowerfulonslaught(沖擊)ofarousingvisualsandbloodyspecialeffectsinmovies.

Whydochildrenimmersedinthismuchexcitementseemstarvedformore?Thatwas,Irealized,thepoint.Idiscoveredduringmyownrecklessadolescencethatwhatcreatesexcitementisnotgoingfast,butgoingfaster.Thrillshavelesstodowithspeedthanchangesinspeed.

I’mconcernedaboutthecumulativeeffectofyearsattheselevelsoffeverishactivity.Itisnomysterytomewhymanyteenagersappearapathetic(麻木的)andburnedout,witha“beenthere,donethat”airofindifferencetowardmuchoflife.Asincreasingnumbersoffriends’childrenareprescribedmedications—stimulantstodealwithinattentivenessatschooloranti-depressantstohelpwiththelossofinterestandjoyintheirlives—Iquestiontheroleofkids’boredominsomeofthediagnoses.

Myownworkisfocusedonthechemicalimbalancesandbiologicalfactorsrelatedtobehavioralandemotionaldisorders.Thesearecomplexproblems.YetI’vebeenreflectingmoreandmoreonhowthepaceoflifeandtheintensityofstimulationmaybecontributingtotherisingratesofpsychiatricproblemsamongchildrenandadolescentsinoursociety.

11.Theauthorfeltsurprisedintheamusementparkatthefactthat_____.

12.Accordingtotheauthor,childrenarebored_____.

13.Fromhisownexperience,theauthorcametotheconclusionthatchildrenseemtoexpect_____.

14.InParagraph6,theauthorexpresseshisdoubtabouttheeffectivenessoftryingtochangechildren’sindifferencetowardmuchoflifeby_____.

15.Inordertoalleviatechildren’sboredom,theauthorwouldprobablysuggest______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hissonwasnotasthrilledbytherollercoastersrideasexpected

B.hissonblastedthroughtheturnsandloopswithhisfacestretched

C.hissonappeareddistressedbutcalmwhileridingtherollercoasters

D.hissoncouldkeephisbalancesowellonthefastmovingrollercoasters

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.unlesstheirparentscanfindnewthrillsforthem

B.whentheydon’thaveanyaccesstostimulatingfungames

C.whentheyareleftaloneatweekendsbytheirworkingparents

D.eveniftheyareexposedtomoreandmorekindsofentertainment

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.amuchwidervarietyofsportsfacilities

B.activitiesthatrequiresophisticatedskills

C.ever-changingthrillingformsofrecreation

D.physicalexercisesthataremorechallenging

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.divertingtheirinterestfromelectronicvisualgames

B.prescribingmedicationsfortheirtemporaryrelief

C.creatingmorestimulatingactivitiesforthem

D.spendingmoremoneyontheirentertainment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.adjustingthepaceoflifeandintensityofstimulation

B.promotingthepracticeofdad-sondays

C.consultingaspecialistinchildpsychology

D.balancingschoolworkwithextracurricularactivities

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】11.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

11.Theauthorfeltsurprisedintheamusementparkatthefactthat_____.11.在游樂(lè)園里，作者感到驚訝是因?yàn)開(kāi)____。

A.hissonwasnotasthrilledbytherollercoastersrideasexpectedA.他的兒子并沒(méi)有像預(yù)期的那樣對(duì)坐過(guò)山車(chē)感到興奮

B.hissonblastedthroughtheturnsandloopswithhisfacestretchedB.他的兒子拉長(zhǎng)了臉，飛快地轉(zhuǎn)著圈

C.hissonappeareddistressedbutcalmwhileridingtherollercoastersC.他的兒子在坐過(guò)山車(chē)時(shí)看起來(lái)很痛苦，但很平靜

D.hissoncouldkeephisbalancesowellonthefastmovingrollercoastersD.他的兒子能在快速移動(dòng)的過(guò)山車(chē)上保持平衡

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第一段第五句“然后，當(dāng)我們下了車(chē)，他聳了聳肩，用一種令人沮喪的平靜的聲音說(shuō)，這趟車(chē)不像他以前坐過(guò)的其他車(chē)那么刺激（asexcitingas）”。第二步，尋找上下文線索，從關(guān)鍵詞as…as可知“兒子”本來(lái)對(duì)過(guò)山車(chē)有期待的，但是坐完之后有點(diǎn)失望，因?yàn)楦械襟@訝，所以作者思考了這件事，因此答案選A選項(xiàng)“他的兒子并沒(méi)有像預(yù)期的那樣對(duì)坐過(guò)山車(chē)感到興奮”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他的兒子拉長(zhǎng)了臉，飛快地轉(zhuǎn)著圈”定位到“我們?cè)?0秒的時(shí)間里不停地扭著臉”，這里雖然和B選項(xiàng)一致，但是這是事實(shí)，作者不會(huì)為此感到驚訝的；

C選項(xiàng)“他的兒子在坐過(guò)山車(chē)時(shí)看起來(lái)很痛苦，但很平靜”，見(jiàn)B選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)不是兒子坐過(guò)山車(chē)的反應(yīng)；

D選項(xiàng)“他的兒子能在快速移動(dòng)的過(guò)山車(chē)上保持平衡”，見(jiàn)B選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)不是兒子坐過(guò)山車(chē)的反應(yīng)。

12【選項(xiàng)釋義】

12.Accordingtotheauthor,childrenarebored_____.12.根據(jù)作者的說(shuō)法，孩子們很無(wú)聊_____。

A.unlesstheirparentscanfindnewthrillsforthemA.除非他們的父母能為他們找到新的刺激

B.whentheydon’thaveanyaccesstostimulatingfungamesB.當(dāng)他們沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)玩刺激有趣的游戲時(shí)

C.whentheyareleftaloneatweekendsbytheirworkingparentsC.當(dāng)他們?cè)谥苣┍还ぷ鞯母改竼为?dú)留下的時(shí)候

D.eveniftheyareexposedtomoreandmorekindsofentertainmentD.即使他們接觸到越來(lái)越多的娛樂(lè)節(jié)目

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到文章第三段第三句話“這讓我思考一個(gè)顯而易見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題：“在從來(lái)沒(méi)有如此多的刺激娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)可供他們選擇的情況下，孩子們?cè)趺茨苓@么難（hard）找到事情做呢?”，第二步，綜合理解，作者認(rèn)為很奇怪，因?yàn)榧词褂羞@么多刺激的東西，孩子還是覺(jué)得無(wú)聊，所以答案選D選項(xiàng)“即使他們接觸到越來(lái)越多的娛樂(lè)節(jié)目”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“除非他們的父母能為他們找到新的刺激”，定位到文章第三段第二句話“在許多情況下，這些錢(qián)似乎只是暫時(shí)緩解（relief）了孩子們無(wú)聊的可怕呻吟”，由此可知即使父母給他們尋找刺激，孩子還是無(wú)聊，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他們沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)玩刺激有趣的游戲時(shí)”，見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他們?cè)谥苣┍还ぷ鞯母改竼为?dú)留下的時(shí)候”，文章沒(méi)有提及周末孩子被父母單獨(dú)留下，這里屬于無(wú)中生有。

13【選項(xiàng)釋義】

13.Fromhisownexperience,theauthorcametotheconclusionthatchildrenseemtoexpect_____.13.作者從自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論，孩子們似乎期待_____。

A.amuchwidervarietyofsportsfacilitiesA.更多種類(lèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施

B.activitiesthatrequiresophisticatedskillsB.需要復(fù)雜技能的活動(dòng)

C.ever-changingthrillingformsofrecreationC.不斷變化的令人興奮的娛樂(lè)形式

D.physicalexercisesthataremorechallengingD.更具挑戰(zhàn)性的體育鍛煉

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到文章第五段“我在自己魯莽的青春期發(fā)現(xiàn)，創(chuàng)造興奮的不是快速，而是變得更快（faster）”。第二步，綜合理解，從這里孩子們期待興奮，而興奮的來(lái)源是更快的速度，由此可知答案選C選項(xiàng)“不斷變化的令人興奮的娛樂(lè)形式”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“更多種類(lèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“需要復(fù)雜技能的活動(dòng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“更具挑戰(zhàn)性的體育鍛煉”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

14.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

14.InParagraph6,theauthorexpresseshisdoubtabouttheeffectivenessoftryingtochangechildren’sindifferencetowardmuchoflifeby_____.14.在第6段中，作者表達(dá)了他對(duì)通過(guò)___試圖改變孩子們對(duì)生活冷漠態(tài)度的有效性的懷疑。

A.divertingtheirinterestfromelectronicvisualgamesA.轉(zhuǎn)移他們對(duì)電子視覺(jué)游戲的興趣

B.prescribingmedicationsfortheirtemporaryreliefB.為他們的暫時(shí)緩解開(kāi)藥物

C.creatingmorestimulatingactivitiesforthemC.為他們創(chuàng)造更多刺激的活動(dòng)

D.spendingmoremoneyontheirentertainmentD.花更多的錢(qián)在他們的娛樂(lè)上

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，第六段最后一句“隨著越來(lái)越多朋友的孩子被開(kāi)了藥物治療——用興奮劑來(lái)治療在學(xué)校的注意力不集中，用抗抑郁藥來(lái)幫助他們?cè)谏钪惺ヅd趣和快樂(lè)——我質(zhì)疑（question）孩子的無(wú)聊在某些診斷中的作用?！?，第二步，綜合理解，由此可知現(xiàn)在孩子們治療無(wú)聊的方法是吃藥，但是作者對(duì)這種做法提出了質(zhì)疑，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“為他們的暫時(shí)緩解開(kāi)藥物”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“轉(zhuǎn)移他們對(duì)電子視覺(jué)游戲的興趣”，文章沒(méi)有提及這種解決無(wú)聊的方法，這里屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“為他們創(chuàng)造更多刺激的活動(dòng)”，定位到文章第三段第三句話“這讓我思考一個(gè)顯而易見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題：“在從來(lái)沒(méi)有如此多的刺激娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)可供他們選擇的情況下，孩子們?cè)趺茨苓@么難（hard）找到事情做呢?”，由此可知作者已經(jīng)明說(shuō)刺激活動(dòng)解決不了孩子的無(wú)聊，這里的態(tài)度不是質(zhì)疑的態(tài)度，這里屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“花更多的錢(qián)在他們的娛樂(lè)上”，定位到文章第三段第二句話“在許多情況下，這些錢(qián)似乎只是暫時(shí)緩解（relief）了孩子們無(wú)聊的可怕呻吟”，由此可知這是父母現(xiàn)在的做法，作者是持否定態(tài)度的，作者很肯定地說(shuō)這種做法是沒(méi)有用的，不是質(zhì)疑態(tài)度，所以D選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

15.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

15.Inordertoalleviatechildren’sboredom,theauthorwouldprobablysuggest______.15.為了減輕孩子們的無(wú)聊感，作者可能會(huì)建議______。

A.adjustingthepaceoflifeandintensityofstimulationA.調(diào)整生活節(jié)奏和刺激強(qiáng)度

B.promotingthepracticeofdad-sondaysB.提倡父子日的做法

C.consultingaspecialistinchildpsychologyC.咨詢兒童心理學(xué)專(zhuān)家

D.balancingschoolworkwithextracurricularactivitiesD.平衡學(xué)校工作和課外活動(dòng)

【考查點(diǎn)】判斷推理題

【解題思路】第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到最后一段最后一句話“然而，我一直在越來(lái)越多地思考，生活的節(jié)奏和刺激的強(qiáng)度可能是導(dǎo)致（maybecontributingto）我們社會(huì)中兒童和青少年精神問(wèn)題發(fā)病率上升的原因”，作者推測(cè)出兒童感覺(jué)到無(wú)聊的原因，既然找出了原因那么作者最可能會(huì)根據(jù)這個(gè)原因來(lái)提出建議，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“調(diào)整生活節(jié)奏和刺激強(qiáng)度”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“提倡父子日的做法”，這是作者和自己的兒子之間的做法，只是文章沒(méi)有說(shuō)父子日的好處，如果作者想推行這個(gè)做法的話應(yīng)該把好處一一列出來(lái)，所以這里屬于推理過(guò)度；

C選項(xiàng)“咨詢兒童心理學(xué)專(zhuān)家”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“平衡學(xué)校工作和課外活動(dòng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

9.單選題

Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advanced

B.growing

C.front

D.back

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。rear在句中是后面的，后方的；A選項(xiàng)advanced“高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的”；B選項(xiàng)growing“成長(zhǎng)的”；C選項(xiàng)front“前面的”；D選項(xiàng)back“后面的”。句意：大腦后部不會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而收縮，一個(gè)人可以在沒(méi)有智力或情感能力的情況下繼續(xù)生活。因此只有D符合。

10.單選題

Avirtualanchorite,he（

）tohisself-sufficiency.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adheres

B.confirms

C.conforms

D.admonishes

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。adhere“堅(jiān)持；依附”，為不及物動(dòng)詞，一般與to構(gòu)成adhereto“堅(jiān)持；粘附”；confirm“確認(rèn)；證實(shí)”，為及物動(dòng)詞；conform“使遵守；使一致”。句意：作為隱士的他堅(jiān)持自給自足。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（）hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobaseon

B.onwhichtobase

C.tobaseonwhich

D.whichtobebasedon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意：教授很難找到充分的理由來(lái)支撐自己支持新理論的論據(jù)。由此可知，要把hisargument建立在grounds的基礎(chǔ)上，即“basehisargumentsonthegrounds”，變成定語(yǔ)從句需要將介詞on提到關(guān)系代詞which的前面，即“onwhichtobasehisarguments”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

12.單選題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasic______ofmatter,andthemiraclesoflife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bacteria

B.constituents

C.erosion

D.contexts

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bacteria“細(xì)菌”；B選項(xiàng)constituents“成分”；C選項(xiàng)erosion“侵蝕，腐蝕”；D選項(xiàng)contexts“環(huán)境，上下文”。句意：科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使我們能夠了解宇宙的邊陲、物質(zhì)最基本的……和生命的奇跡。根據(jù)matter（物質(zhì)）可推測(cè)與其搭配的是constituents。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)都可排除。D選項(xiàng)contexts（環(huán)境）也不能與matter（物質(zhì)）搭配，因此B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

13.翻譯題

Thequestionof“identity”isbeingvigorouslydebatedinsocialtheory.Inessence,theargumentisthattheoldidentitieswhichstabilizedthesocialworldforsolongareindecline,givingrisetonewidentitiesandfragmentingthemodemindividualasaunifiedsubject.(1)Thisso-called“crisisofidentity”isseenaspartofawiderprocessofchangewhichisdislocatingthecentralstructuresandprocessesofmodernsocietiesandunderminingtheframeworkswhichgaveindividualsstableanchorageinthesocialworld.

OuraimistoexploresomeofthesequestionsaboutculturalidentityinIate-modernityandtoassesswhethera“crisisofidentities”exists,whatitconsistsof,andinwhichdirectionsitismoving.Weshouldaddresssuchquestionsas:Whatdowemeanbya“crisisofidentity”？Whatrecentdevelopmentsinmodernsocietieshaveprecipitatedit?Whatformdoesittake?Whatareitspotentialconsequences?Definitely,weai.ewillingtodevelopourargumentwithrespecttothoseaspectsofourculturalidentitieswhicharisefromour“belonging”todistinctiveethnic,racial,linguistic，religiousand，aboveall,nationalcultiii.es.(2)Webelievethatmodernidentitiesarebreakingup.Adistinctivetypeofstructuralchangeistransformingmodernsocietiesinthelatetwentiethcentury.Thisisfragmentingtheculturallandscapesofclass,gender,sexuality,ethnicity,raceandnationalitywhichgaveusfirmlocationsassocialindividuals.Thesetransformationsarealsoshiftingourpersonalidentities,undenniningoui.senseofourselvesasintegratedsubjects.(3)

Thislossofastable“senseofself’issomethingcalledthedislocationorde-centringofthesubject.Thissetofdoubledisplacements——decentringindividualsbothfromtheirplacesinthesocialandculturalworld,andfromthemselves—constitutesa“crisisofidentity”fortheindividual.Astheculturalcritic,KobenaMercerobserves,“identitynowbecomesanissuewhenitisincrisis,whensomethingassumedtobefixed,coherentandstableisdisplacedbvtheexperienceofdoubtanduncertainty.’’(4)

Thepost-modernsubjectandidentityareconceptualizedashaving,nofixed，essentialorpermanentones.Inthiswav,identitybecomesa“moveablefeast’’，andthefullvunified，completed,secureandcoherentidentityinthiscontextisafantasy.(5)Instead,asthesystemsofmeaningandculturalrepresentationmultiply,weareconfrontedbyabewildering,fleetingmultiplicityofpossibleidentities.Atthesametime,afurtheraspectoftheissueofidentityrelatestothecharacterofchangeinIate-modernity,inparticular,tothatprocessofchangeknownasglobalization.

【答案】1.從本質(zhì)上講,我們的爭(zhēng)論是,長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)維持社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的舊的同一性正在衰退,導(dǎo)致了新的同一性的產(chǎn)生且分裂了作為統(tǒng)一主體的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)個(gè)體。

2.當(dāng)然,我們?cè)敢饩臀幕恍韵嚓P(guān)的這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行討論,并且這些問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生于我們對(duì)不同的民族、種族、語(yǔ)言和宗教,特別是不同民族文化的歸屬感。

3.這些轉(zhuǎn)變也正改變著我們的人格同一性,逐漸侵蝕著我們視自己為一個(gè)完整個(gè)體的想法。

4.當(dāng)同一性處于危機(jī)之中,當(dāng)被認(rèn)為是不變的、一致的和穩(wěn)定的東西被懷疑和不確定的經(jīng)歷取代吋,同一性就變成了一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

5.后現(xiàn)代主體和同一性被概念化為非固定的,非本質(zhì)的,或非永恒的。這樣,同一性就變?yōu)橐环N“流動(dòng)的盛宴”,而在這種情況下,這種完全統(tǒng)一的、完整的、穩(wěn)固且一致的同一性就成了一種幻想。

14.單選題

Longhoursandunsociableshifts________taketheirtollonhealth,relationshipsandfamilylife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.can

C.areableto

D.should

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“必須”；B選項(xiàng)“可以”；C選項(xiàng)“可以，能夠”；D選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該”。句意：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作和缺乏社交的輪班制度（）對(duì)他們的健康、人際關(guān)系和家庭生活造成損害。根據(jù)句意，句子應(yīng)該填的是“可能”，所以把A，D選項(xiàng)排除。able表示對(duì)能力的描述，例如Areanimalsabletothink?（動(dòng)物會(huì)說(shuō)話嗎？）；can表有對(duì)能力描述也可以表推測(cè)判斷。兩者對(duì)比后can比較符合題意，所以答案選B。

15.單選題

測(cè)試用試題，請(qǐng)勿組到其他試卷中，過(guò)會(huì)就會(huì)刪掉111

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.5

E.6

【答案】C

【解析】第1題:

測(cè)試解析

16.翻譯題

(1)Sciencefictioncanhelptoexplainwhatscienceandscientistareallabouttothenon-scientists.Itisnoaccidentthatseveralhundreduniversitiesandpublicschoolsarenowofferingsciencefictioncoursesanddiscoveringthattheseclassesareameetinggroundforthescientist-engineersandthehumanists.Scienceandfiction.Reasonandemotion.

Theessenceofthescientificattitudeisthatthehumanmindcansucceedinunderstandingtheuniverse.Bytakingthought,mencanmovemountains—andhave.Inthissense,scienceisanutterlyhumanisticpursuit.

Muchofsciencefictioncelebratesthisspirit.(2)Veryfewsciencefictionstoriespicturehumanityasapassivespecies,allowingthetidalforcesofnaturetoflowfreely.Theheroesofsciencefictionstories—thegodsofthenewmythology—strugglemanfullyagainstthedarkness,whetherit’sgeologicaldoomforthewholeplanetortheevilofgraspingpoliticians.Theymaynotalwayswin.Buttheyalwaystry.

Perhaps,however,themostimportantaspectofsciencefiction’sroleinthemodernworldisbestsummedupinasingleword.Change.

Afterall,sciencefictionistheliteratureofchange.Eachandeverystorypreachesfromthesamegospel:tomorrowwillbedifferentfromtoday,violentlydifferentperhaps.

(3)Sciencefictionveryclearlyshowsthatchanges—whethergoodorbad—areaninherentDartoftheuniverse.Resistancetochangeisanarchaic,andnowadaysdangerous,habitofthought.Humanity’smostfruitfulcourseofactionistodeterminehowtoshapethesechanges,howtoinfluencethemandproduceanenvironmentwherethechangesthatoccurarethosewewant.

Perhapsthisistheultimateroleofsciencefiction:toactasaninterpreterofsciencetohumanity.Thisisatwo-edgedweapon,ofcourse.Itisnecessarytowarnaswellasevangelize.(4)Sciencecankillaswellascreate;technologycandeadenthehumanspiritorliftittothefurthermostcornersofourimaginations.Onlyknowledgeablepeoplecanwiselydecidehowtousescienceandtechnologyforhumankind’sbenefit.Intheend,thisistheultimateroleofallart:toshowourselvestoourselves,tohelpustounderstandourownhumanity.

【答案】（1）科幻小說(shuō)可以幫助解釋科學(xué)和科學(xué)家都是關(guān)于非科學(xué)家。幾百所大學(xué)和公立學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在開(kāi)設(shè)科幻課程，并發(fā)現(xiàn)這些課程是科學(xué)家、工程師和人文主義者的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所，這并非偶然。

（2）很少有科幻小說(shuō)把人類(lèi)描繪成一個(gè)被動(dòng)的物種，任由大自然的潮汐力自由流動(dòng)。科幻故事中的英雄——新神話中的神——勇敢地與黑暗抗?fàn)?，無(wú)論是對(duì)整個(gè)地球的地質(zhì)毀滅，還是貪婪的政客的邪惡。

（3）科幻小說(shuō)非常清楚地表明，變化——不管是好是壞——是宇宙固有的飛鏢。抵制改變是一種過(guò)時(shí)的、在今天也是危險(xiǎn)的思維習(xí)慣。人類(lèi)最富有成效的行動(dòng)方針是決定如何塑造這些變化，如何影響它們，并產(chǎn)生一種環(huán)境，在這種環(huán)境中發(fā)生的變化是我們所希望的。

（4）科學(xué)可以創(chuàng)造，也可以殺人；技術(shù)可以麻木人類(lèi)的精神，也可以把它提升到我們想象的最遙遠(yuǎn)的角落。只有有知識(shí)的人才能明智地決定如何利用科學(xué)技術(shù)造福人類(lèi)。最后，這是所有藝術(shù)的終極角色：向自己展示我們自己，幫助我們理解我們自己的人性。

17.單選題

ItisverystrangebutIhadan（）thattheMalaysianplanehadgoneoffcourseandhadbeencaughtinasuicidalhijack.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intuition

B.inspiration

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Intuition“直覺(jué)”；inspiration“靈感”；imagination“想象力”；incentive“動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激”。分析句子可知，that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明空格處單詞的具體內(nèi)容，因此根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

Beforethebankwaswillingtolendhimmoney,ithadto（

）thathewasthetrueownerofthehouse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.verify

B.entrust

C.acknowledge

D.grant

【答案】A

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。verify“核實(shí)，查證”；entrust“委托，信托”；acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”；grant“授予”。句意：在貸款給他之前，銀行會(huì)先證實(shí)他是否是這房子真正的主人。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbersfromgenerationtogeneration.Thetaskforecologistsistountangletheenvironmentalandbiologicalfactorsthatholdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckdifferentpopulationsmakesthisoverthelongrun.Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsmakesthistaskmoredifficult:somepopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;otherexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.

Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwogroups.Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteadypopulationshave“density-dependent”growthparameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdependstronglyonpopulationdensity.Thehighlyvaryingpopulationshave“density-independent”growthparameters,withvital,ratesbuffetedbyenvironmentalevents;theseratesfluctuateinawaythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.

Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftak