考研考博-英語-太原師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太原師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

130yearslater,thissinglewallstillstandshereinmute（

）totheRevolutionofParisCommunein1873.

問題1選項

A.testimony

B.memory

C.tribute

D.evidence

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。testimony“證詞；證據(jù)”;memory“記憶；內(nèi)存”；tribute“致敬；悼念”；evidence“證據(jù)；證明”。句意：130年后，這面墻仍然站在那里默默見證1873年的巴黎公社革命。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull（

）.

問題1選項

A.capacity

B.strength

C.length

D.possibility

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項capacity“容量，能力，才能”；B選項strength“力量，毅力”；C選項length“長度，篇幅”；D選項possibility“可能，可能性”。worktoone'scapacity表示“充分發(fā)揮才能”。句意：沒有外出工作的家庭主婦們總感覺她們沒充分發(fā)揮自己的全部才能。

3.單選題

Coffeeisthe（）ofthisdistrictandbringslocalfarmersalotofmoney.

問題1選項

A.majority

B.staple

C.spice

D.elite

【答案】B

【解析】句意:咖啡是這個地區(qū)的主要產(chǎn)品，給當?shù)剞r(nóng)民帶來很多收入。

考查名詞辨析。majority大部分，大多數(shù)；staple主要產(chǎn)品，訂書釘，主食；spice香料，調(diào)味品，風(fēng)味；elite上層人士，掌權(quán)人物，精英。故B項符合句意。

4.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsasChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.

Theauctioneermustknowfairlyaccuratelythecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsheissellingandheshouldbeacquaintedwithregularbuyersofsuchgoods.Hewillnotwastetimebystaringthebiddingtoolow.Hewillalsoplayontherivalriesamonghisbuyersandsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusinesscompetitorstobidagainsteachother.Itislargelyonhisadvicethatasellerwillfixa“reserve”pricethatisapricebelowwhichthegoodscannotbesold.Eventhebestauctioneers,however,finditdifficulttostopa“knockout”,wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachotherbutnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidderinthehopeofbuyinggoodsalatextremelylowprices.Ifsucha“knock-out”comesoff,therealauctionsalelakesplaceprivatelyafterwardsamongthedealers.

1.Acandleusedtobumalatauctionsales________.

2.Anauctioncataloguegivesprospectivebuyers________.

3.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“l(fā)ots”outoforderbecause________.

4.Anauctioneerlikestogethighpricesforthegoodshesellsbecause________.

5.A“knockout”isarranged________.

問題1選項

A.becausetheytookplaceatnight

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarm

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade

問題2選項

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.detailsofthegoodstobesold

C.theorderinwhichgoodsmustbesold

D.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

問題3選項

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyers

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitems

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaiting

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyers

問題4選項

A.thenheearnsmorehimself

B.thedealersarepleased

C.theauction-roomsbecomeworldfamous

D.itkeepsthecustomersinterested

問題5選項

A.tokeepthepriceintheauctionroomlow

B.toallowonedealeronlytomakeaprofit

C.toincreasetheauctioneer’sprofit

D.tohelptheauctioneer

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段最后一句InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.（在18世紀和19世紀的英國，商品通常是“借著蠟燭”出售的：拍賣師點燃一支短蠟燭，然后在蠟燭點著的時候出價。），由此可知點蠟燭是為了限制出價時間，所以D選項“限制提出報價的時間”正確。A選項“因為拍賣在晚上進行”和B選項“作為人群聚集的信號”以及C選項“讓拍賣師保持溫暖”文章都沒有提及，屬于無中生有。因此D選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.（如果廣告不能給出全部細節(jié)，則會打印商品目錄，每一組要一起出售的商品通常會給出一個編號，稱為“批次”。拍賣人不必從第一批拍品開始，按數(shù)字順序進行拍賣；他可能會等到他知道某些商人在拍賣廳后，展示商人可能感興趣的批次。），由此可知商品目錄是為了告訴潛在買家商品拍賣的順序，所以C選項“拍賣商品的順序”正確。A選項“貨物的當前市場價值”和D選項“拍賣會免費入場”文章都沒有提到，屬于無中生有；B選項“待出售貨物的詳細信息”對應(yīng)第四段第一句“拍賣通常是事先發(fā)布廣告，詳細說明要出售的物品以及買家可以在何時何地看到這些物品”，由此可知待出售商品的詳細信息并不出現(xiàn)在目錄上，而是出現(xiàn)在廣告上，屬于張冠李戴。因此C選項正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第三句TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.（拍賣師不需要從第一批拍品開始，按數(shù)字順序進行拍賣；他可能會等到他知道某些商人在拍賣廳后，展示商人可能感興趣的批次。），結(jié)合第四段第一句Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.（拍賣通常會事先做廣告，詳細說明待售物品的詳細情況，以及潛在買家可以在何時何地看到這些物品。），由此可知拍賣中很重要的是讓對拍品感興趣的人看到拍品及其信息，而拍賣人會等到拍品的潛在買家在場時進行拍賣，所以B選項“根據(jù)經(jīng)驗他知道哪些人想要買哪些東西”正確。A選項“有時想迷惑買家”，C選項“想讓某些人等著”和D選項“想減少買家的數(shù)量”文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此B選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段最后一句Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.（拍賣師的服務(wù)是按商品售價的百分比支付的。因此，拍賣商在盡可能提高出價方面有著直接的利益。），所以A選項“他們自己能賺更多”正確。B選項“商人們高興”；C選項“拍賣會會更有名”和D選項“吸引顧客”文章都沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二句Eventhebestauctioneers,however,finditdifficulttostopa“knockout”,wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachotherbutnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidderinthehopeofbuyinggoodsatextremelylowprices.（然而，即使是最好的拍賣師也發(fā)現(xiàn)很難阻止“拍賣勾結(jié)”，即商人事先非法協(xié)商不互相競爭，而是商定其中一人競拍，以此用極低的價格購買商品。），由此可知拍賣勾結(jié)是為了低價買入商品，A選項“為了保持拍賣品的低價格”正確。B選項“只允許一個商人獲利”對應(yīng)文章最后一句Ifsucha“knock-out”comesoff,therealauctionsalelakesplaceprivatelyafterwardsamongthedealers.（如果這樣的“拍賣勾結(jié)”成功了，真正的拍賣江湖之后會私下進行。），由此可知在拍賣廳的拍賣結(jié)束以后，他們還會再次進行拍賣，拍賣勾結(jié)不是為了讓特定的一個人獲利，屬于曲解原文。C選項“提高拍賣商的利潤”和D選項“幫助拍賣師”文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

WhenMr.Johnswentshoppingatthethriftstore,hewaslookingfora（）.

問題1選項

A.bargain

B.charge

C.gain

D.purchase

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。bargain便宜貨；charge費用；gain利潤，收獲；purchase購買的東西。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞thethriftstore（舊貨店，二手店）判斷,選項A更符合句意。

6.單選題

Youwillhavetochangeyouroflifenowthatyouhavegotababy.

問題1選項

A.mode

B.mound

C.mood

D.form

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項moden.模式，方式，風(fēng)格；B選項moundn.高地；土堆；土丘；C選項moodn.語氣，情緒，心境；D選項formn.形式，形態(tài)，模式，表格。根據(jù)句意，現(xiàn)在有了孩子就應(yīng)該改變自己的生活方式。因此正確答案為A選項。

7.單選題

Hesaidthatendingtheagreementwould（

）thefutureofsmallorfamily-runshops,leadtofewerbooksbeingpublishedandincreasepricesofallbutafewbestsellers.

問題1選項

A.venture

B.expose

C.jeopardize

D.legalize

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。venture“冒險”；expose“揭露，揭發(fā)”；jeopardize“損害”；legalize“使合法化”。句意：他說，終止協(xié)議不利于小型或家庭式經(jīng)營書店未來的發(fā)展，那樣會減少圖書出版量，而且會提高除部分暢銷書以外全部圖書的價格。由leadto…可知是導(dǎo)致不好的結(jié)果，故空格處要填貶義詞，答案C

8.單選題

HistorianshavelongknownthatthereweretwosidestothePopulistmovementofthe1890s:aprogressiveside,embodyingtheprotestsofformersagainstbigbusiness,andadarkerside,markedbyadistrustofEasterners,immigrants,andintellectuals.Inthe1950s,oneschoolofU.S.socialthinkersconstructedaparallelbetweenthisdarksideofPopulismandthecontemporaryanti-CommunistcrusadespearheadedbyWisconsinSenatorJosephMcCarthy,whichattackedliberalism,Easternintellectuals,andcivillibertiesingeneral.ToSeymourMartinLipset,McCarthyismrepresented“thesourdregsofPopulism”;toEdwardShils,McCarthyism,likePopulism,exemplified“theambiguousAmericanimpulsetoward4directdemocracy.

NothingthatMcCarthyismandPopulismhadbothfoundtheirstrongestsupportintheagrarianMidwest,

LipsetarguedthatvoterswhobackedagrarianprotestmovementsduringearliereconomiccriseshadsupportedMcCarthyinthepost-WorldIIperiodofprosperity.IntheeyesofwriterslikeLipset,theappealofMcCarthyismextendedbeyondtheagrarianbaseofPopulismtoincludeurbangroupssuchasindustrialworkers.Lipsetclaimedthat“thelowerclasses,especiallytheworkers”hadbackedMcCarthy.Inamoresweepingfashion,LewisFeuerclaimedthat“itwastheAmericanlowerclass...whogavetheiroverwhelmingsupporttotheattacksinrecentyearsincivilliberties.”

Writingafewyearslater,politicalscientistMichaelPaulRoginchallengedthesesuperficiallyplausiblenotions,contendingthattheymerelyembodiedthewriters,ownassumptionsaboutthesupposedintoleranceoflowerclassgroups,ratherthanavalidinterpretationofMcCarthyism.Rogincriticallyexaminedtheirassertionsbythesimplemethodoftestingthemagainsttheevidence.HetestedLipset’sclaimsaboutthecontinuityofMcCarthyismandearlieragrarianprotestmovementsbybreakingdownstatewidevotingstatisticsonacounty-by-countybasis.HefoundthatWisconsincountiesthathadvotedstronglyforProgressivesbeforeWorldWarIIdidnotsupportMcCarthy;McCarthy’ssupportwasconcentratedinhishomeregionandinethnicGermanareasthathadbeentraditionallyconservative.TheoldProgressivevotehadinfactgonetoMcCarthy’sopponents,theDemocrats.

TotestLipset’sgeneralizationsaboutMcCarthy’ssupportamongclassgroups,Roginattemptedtodeterminewhetherindustrialworkershad,infact,backedMcCarthy.Correlatingincomeandemploymentstatisticswithvotingrecords,RoginfoundthatthegreatertheemploymentinindustryinagivenWisconsincounty,thelowerwasMcCarthy’sshareofthevote.Roginconcludedthatthethesisof“McCarthyismasPopulism”shouldbejudged“notastheproductofsciencebutasa...ventureintoconservativepoliticaltheory.’’

1.TheauthorwouldprobablyassertthePopulismandMcCarthyism（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredthatRogin’smostseriouscriticismofLipset,Feuer,andShils’smethodologywouldprobablybethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,RoginconcludedthatthewritingsofLipset,ShilsandFeuer（）.

4.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

問題1選項

A.werecompletelyoppositeincharacter

B.wereresponsesto,respectively,agrarianandindustrialconditions

C.wereessentiallydissimilarmovementsthatsharedsomecommonfeatures

D.eachhadbothaprogressiveandadarkerside

問題2選項

A.reachedincorrectconclusionsaboutMcCarthy

B.failedtoexaminetheevidencethatcouldsupportorweakentheirconclusions

C.equatedsupportforMcCarthyismwithanti-intellectualism

D.placedtoomuchemphasisonthedualcharacterofPopulism

問題3選項

A.intentionallydistortedhistoricalevidence

B.wereflawedbypoliticalpresuppositions

C.lentsupporttoattackoncivilliberties

D.weremarkedbyanti-intellectualbias

問題4選項

A.discoveriesdescribinganinstanceofflawedhistoricalanalysis

B.advocatingtheuseofstatisticalmethodsinhistoricalresearch

C.examiningthesimilaritiesbetweentwopoliticalmovements

D.explainingwhyhistoricalconclusionsshouldberevisedaccordingtolaterrevelations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容，二十世紀五十年代，美國社會思想家將民粹主義的陰暗面和反共產(chǎn)主義運動進行相提并論和比較，說明是有共同之處的，選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，羅金對李普塞特、福伊爾和希爾斯的方法論進行了驗證，最嚴厲的批評是，二者都沒有對自己的觀點給出證據(jù)。選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，羅金的總結(jié)是，麥卡錫主義不應(yīng)該被判定為科學(xué)的產(chǎn)物，而是一種保守政治理論。選項B符合題意。

4.主旨題。作者首先提出了麥卡錫主義和民粹主義理論，接著提出羅金對他們方法論做出了驗證，最后表明將麥卡錫主義比作民粹主義的理論不應(yīng)被判定為科學(xué)的產(chǎn)物，而是一種政治領(lǐng)域的探索。選項D符合題意。

9.單選題

ItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftencyclethetwomilesfrommyhousetothetowncentreblitunfortunatelythereisabighillontheroute.Hereplied,“Youmeanfortunately.”HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladoftheextraexercisethatthehillprovided.

Myattitudetothehillhasnowchanged.Iusedto(1)asIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlungs.Itwillhelpmetolose(2)andgetfit.ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.Thishillismyfriend.FinallyasIwindmywayuptheincline,I(3)myselfwiththethoughtofallthosesillypeoplewhopaymoneytogotoagymandsitonstationeryexercisebicycleswhenIcangetthesamevaluefor(4).IhaveasmileofsatisfactionasIreachthetopofthehill.

Problems(5)befacedandovercome.Wecannotachieveanythingwithaneasylife.HelenKellerwasthefirstdeafandblindpersontogainauniversitydegree.Heractivismandwritingprovedinspirational.Shewrote,“(6)cannotbedevelopedineaseandquiet.Onlythroughexperiencesoftrialandsufferingcanthesoulbestrengthened,visioncleared,ambitioninspiredandsuccessachieved.”

Oneofthemain(7)ofsuccessinlifeisourattitudetowardsadversity.Fromtimetotime,weallfacehardships,problems,accidents,afflictionsanddifficulties.Someareofour(8)butmanyconfrontusthroughnofaultofourown.Whilewecannotchoosetheadversitywecanchooseourattitudetowardsit.

Howcanyouchangeyourattitudetowardstheadversitythatyouface?Trythesesteps:Confronttheproblem.Donotavoidit.Deliberatelytakea(9)attitudeandwritedownsomebenefitsoradvantagesofthesituation.Visualizehowyouwillfeelwhenyouovercomethisobstacle.Developanactionplanforhowtotackleit.Smileandgetcracking.

Thebiographiesofgreatpeoplearelitteredwithexamplesofhowtheytookthesekindsofstepstoovercomethedifficultiestheyfaced.Thecommonthreadisthattheydidnotbecomedefeatistordepressed.Theychosetheirattitude.They(10)tobepositive.

Theytookonthechallenge.Theywon.

問題1選項

A.grumble

B.fear

C.giveup

D.stop

問題2選項

A.temper

B.control

C.weight

D.sight

問題3選項

A.provide

B.converse

C.deal

D.console

問題4選項

A.good

B.free

C.ever

D.return

問題5選項

A.arethereto

B.whichcan

C.willnot

D.wehave

問題6選項

A.Education

B.Interest

C.Character

D.Friendship

問題7選項

A.causes

B.determinants

C.symptoms

D.components

問題8選項

A.making

B.doing

C.taking

D.thinking

問題9選項

A.special

B.strong

C.negative

D.positive

問題10選項

A.seemed

B.opted

C.had

D.used

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:B

【解析】1.動詞辨析。grumble抱怨,嘟囔;fear害怕,敬畏,為……擔(dān)心;giveup放棄,交出；stop停止,逗留。此處句意為:我對這座山的態(tài)度現(xiàn)在改變了,過去我看到它總是…。因此A符合句意。

2.名詞辨析。temper脾氣，(鋼等)回火，性情，傾向；control控制，管理；weight重量，體重，負擔(dān);sight視力，景象。And連接空格和getfit(變得健康),因此and前面很可能表示“減肥,減掉體重”,故選C。

3.動詞辨析。provide提供，供應(yīng)；converse交談，談話；deal處理，交易；console安慰，慰藉。此處表示“想起這些愚蠢的人去健身房的做法來安慰自己”。故選C。

4.短語辨析。Forgood永久地，一勞永逸地;forfree免費；ever永遠，曾經(jīng)；forever永遠，永恒地；forreturn作回報。這里句意為:自己能免費地得到同樣的價值,故選B。

5.語法題?？疾橐话銓頃r。句意:難題是用來被面對和克服的,順風(fēng)順水就不會有進步。因此要用一般將來時,排除B和D。C不符合句意。故選A。

6.名詞辨析。education教育，培養(yǎng)，教育學(xué)；interest興趣，利息；character性格，品質(zhì)，特性；角色friendship友誼，友愛，友善。空格后句意為提示信息:只有通過磨煉和受難的經(jīng)歷，人的心靈才能被強化,由此可知C符合句意。

7.名詞辨析。cause原因，事業(yè)，目標;determinant決定因素；symptom癥狀，征兆；component成分，組件。句意為:我們對待逆境的態(tài)度是生命中成功的主要決定因素之一,因此選B。

8.名詞辨析。making發(fā)展，制造，造成；doing做，不能接受，難以完成，事件；taking捕獲，收入；thinking思考，意見，見解。這里表示“一些問題是我們造成的”,因此A符合句意。

9.形容詞辨析。special特別的，專門的，專用的；strong堅強的，強壯的，牢固的；negative負的，消極的，否定的，陰性的；positive積極的，確定的?？崭袂熬湟鉃?你怎樣能改變自己對待所面臨的逆境的態(tài)度呢？可以嘗試這些步驟。所以此處表示“故意采取一種積極的態(tài)度”,故選D。

10.動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。seem似乎，像是，裝作，seemto似乎，看起來;opt選擇，optto選擇;have有，從事，允許，haveto必須，不得不；use利用，耗費。這里應(yīng)表示“他們選擇積極地面對”,故選B。

10.單選題

Intheworldofbigbusiness;JamesLintonisprecociousintheextreme.Justtwoyearsintothejobofrevivingoneofthemostillustriousnamesinretailfinance,RoCom,hehasfoundhimselfakeyplayer,inoneoftherichestandcertainlymostaudaciousdealsintheindustryPTL’stakeoverofRoCorm.

PTLispaying￡25ashareforRoComapproximately40percentmorethanthemarketvalueoftheshares—anditsofferdocumentboastedthat“PTLattachesgreatimportancetokeyemployeeshavingappropriateperformancerelatedremuneration.”Initiallywaryaboutthetakeover,Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness.Allthisandhewillnotturn38foranotherfortnight!

AlthoughLintoniscreditedwithturningRoComaround,thisismoreamatterofworkinprogressthanactualachievement.Yethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness.

Lintonhas,however,warnedthatthetakeoverisbynomeansaguaranteeoffuturesuccess;indeed,deterioratingmarketconditionssuggestthatthewayforwardwillbeanythingbutsmooth.Lintonrecentlyventuredthehypothesisthatbeingshareholderownedhad,inrecentyears,helpedthebusinessfocusandarguedthatthesector’sexperienceofrivaltakeoverswasnotencouraging.Indeed,therecentlyreportedperformanceofrivalorganizationssuchasMaftenLimitedhasnotpromotedtheno-Linton.

ItmayhavebeenhisideasaboutindependencethatmadeLintonaddressRoCom's900staffonthedaythetakeoverwasannounced,ratherthandoinghigh-profilemediainterviewsonwhatwasimmediatelyseenasafantasticdealforshare-holders.Heisacutelyawareoftheneedtonurturehisstaffifthebusinessistosucceed,somethingwhichisnotlostonthem.Thisisnotamanagement-schooldictum.Itisagenuinebeliefthateverymemberofstaffhascontributedtothefirmandenabledittonet￡1.9billionfromPTL.OtherCEOssayheisarrogant,butthisprobablyreflectsthefactthatLintonmayfindtalkingtothemdifficult.Heisalsoferociouslyintelligent,and,whileinothersthiscouldappearintimidating,inLintonitawakesfurtheradmirationamongstloyalemployees.Theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner.

LintonboaststhatstaffturnoverratesatRoComhaveremainedlowfortheindustry,atabout12percentsincehetookoverasCEOtwoyearsago.“PeoplehavearealaffectionforRoCom,andthatrunsrightthroughtheofficehere.Theyallwantustobenumberone.”hesays.Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchofRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handed.HewillneedallhisskillstokeepRoComoncourse,particularlywhenattentionhasimmediatelyfocusedonthepossibilitythatSusanMarshall,itsrespectedinvestmentchief,mightbethefirstcasualtyofthetakeover.WhateverthefutureholdsforRoCom,wearecertaintogoonhearingalotmoreofJamesLinton.

1.WhatisPTLdoing,accordingtoparagraph2?

2.WhatdowelearnaboutLinton’sworkatRoCominparagraph3?

3.WhatdoesLintonsayaboutRoCominparagraph4?

4.WhichofthefollowingissaidaboutLinton’smanagementstyle?

5.HowdoesLintonfeelaboutthetakeover,accordingtoparagraph6?

問題1選項

A.AllowingLintontorunRoCominthewayhewishesto

B.PurchasingmajorityoftheRoComsharesonoffer

C.GivingallRoComstaffregularbonusestopromotemotivation

D.DrawingupnewemploymentcontractsforRoComemployees

問題2選項

A.HehasachievedmorethananyoneinRoCom’shistory.

B.HehaswidenedtherangeofRoCom’sbusinessactivities.

C.Hehastakenonanumberofnewemployees.

D.Hehasmadechangestoseniormanagement.

問題3選項

A.Thecompanyislikelytofacedifficulttimes.

B.Thecompanyhaslostanumberofexperiencedstaff.

C.Thecompanyisexpectingtoreportencouragingresultsshortly.

D.Thecompanyneedstochangeitsfocustoremaincompetitive.

問題4選項

A.Heinvolvesothersinthedecision-makingprocess.

B.Hisstafffindhimapproachable.

C.Heexpectshisstafftoworkashardashedoes.

D.HisstylediffersfromthatofotherCEOs.

問題5選項

A.Pleasedthatstaffturnoverfinallystartedtofalltwoyearsago

B.AfraidthathewilllosehisjobtoSusanMarshall

C.Worriedthatthecompanyculturemightchange

D.Happythatemployemployeeshavebeensosupportiveofhiswork

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到現(xiàn)在，林頓已經(jīng)與PTL談判達成了一項不干涉協(xié)議，這證實了PTL打算讓林頓根據(jù)自己的意愿繼續(xù)發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)（Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness），因此選項A符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第三段提到林頓似乎確實實施了公司近70年歷史上規(guī)模最大的高層人事變動，在關(guān)鍵員工中提拔了一些重量級人物，并改變了RoCom的經(jīng)營方式Y(jié)（ethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness），選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第四段第一句可以知道公司正面臨一些問題，處在艱難時期，選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第一句提到雖然林頓全身心投入工作，但是他依然給人一種和藹可親的感覺（theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner），選項B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一段提到林頓認為如果PTL太過嚴厲，他努力經(jīng)營的學(xué)員風(fēng)氣就會被摧毀（Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchfRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handeD.，由此可知他是害怕公司文化會改變，選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Thereissomediscrepancybetweenhisexplanationofthetheoryandyours.

問題1選項

A.distinction

B.discredit

C.disparity

D.disjunction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項distinction“區(qū)別”；B選項discredit“懷疑”；C選項disparity“不一致”；D選項disjunction“分離”。句意：他對這個理論的解釋和你的不一致。劃線部分discrepancy是不一致的意思。因此C選項正確。

12.單選題

Thepopularbookwas（

）byapanelofexperts,workinginconjunctionwiththepublisher.

問題1選項

A.composed

B.comprised

C.conceived

D.compiled

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。Compose“構(gòu)成；寫作”；comprise“包含，由……組成”；conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思”；compile“編譯，編制”。句意：這本頗受歡迎的書是由專家小組編制而成，與出版社互相協(xié)調(diào)而成的。選項D符合題意。

13.翻譯題

Deepeneducationalcooperationinanall-roundwaytopromotelong-termdevelopment.Educationisfundamentaltoacountry’senduringprosperity.Itisnecessaryforusalltointensifyexchangesandcooperationbetweeneducationalandacademicinstitutions,expandlinkagesbetweeninstitutionsofhigherlearningandcarryoutyouth,culturalandsportsexchangesindiverseforms.Inparticular,weshouldincreaseeducationalassistancetolessdevelopedcountries,promotetwo-wayflowofeducationalresourcesandraisetheeducationallevelofourregion.

Strengtheninternationalcooperationindisasterreductionandreliefinthespiritofhelpingthoseinneedandassistingthoseindifficulty.Asnaturaldisastersknownonationalboundaries,theymustbemanagedbycooperativeefforts.Inrecentyears,wehavelaidagoodfoundationofcooperationinrespondingtothesuddenstrikeoftheIndianOceanearthquakeandtsunamiandothermajordisasters.Weshouldstepupcooperationindevelopingadisasterearly-warningsystem,sharingdisasterinformationandreductiontechnologyandenhancingdisasterreductioncapacitybuildingtobringaboutharmonybetweensocialandeconomicdevelopmentandthepreservationofnaturalresourcesandtheecologicalenvironment.

【答案】【參考譯文】全面深化教育合作以促進長期發(fā)展。教育是一個國家長治久安的基礎(chǔ)。我們都有必要去加強教育和學(xué)術(shù)機構(gòu)之間的交流與合作，擴大高等院校之間的聯(lián)系并以多種形式開展青年、文化和體育交流。我們尤其應(yīng)該增加對欠發(fā)達國家的教育援助，促進教育資源的雙向流動并提高我們的教育水平。

本著助危為安的精神，加強國際減災(zāi)救災(zāi)合作。自然災(zāi)害無國界，應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害需要各方共同的努力。近年來，我們在應(yīng)對印度洋大地震、海嘯和其他重大災(zāi)害的突然襲擊中已經(jīng)奠定了一個良好的合作基礎(chǔ)。我們應(yīng)加強災(zāi)害預(yù)警系統(tǒng)建設(shè)、災(zāi)害信息和減災(zāi)技術(shù)共享、減災(zāi)能力建設(shè)等方面的合作，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展與自然資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的和諧統(tǒng)一。

14.單選題

TheshuttleColumbiawasdoomedinpartbecauseNASAreliedonflawedcomputersimulationsandmathematicalformulasthatfailedtoaccuratelypredictdamagetotheshuttlefromflyingpiecesoffoam,documentsreleasedbythespaceagencyandthegroupinvestigatingtheaccidentshow.

NuclearandaviationindustrysafetyexpertswhoarefamiliarwiththesortsofanalysesNASAusedsayspaceagencyofficialswerewrongtorelyonthesimulationstogaugerisks.Instead,theexpertssay,theyshouldhaveperformedtestsonshuttlecomponentstodeterminethedamagethatfoamfromthefueltankmightdotoitswing.

Thesesimulationsandformulassomedonebeforethelaunch,othersdoneduringthemissionoftenwerebasedonerroneousassumptionsabouttheabilityoftheshuttletowithstanddamage.NASAmanagersassumeditwassafeforColumbiatoreturntoEartheventhoughfoamhadstruckthewing.

Thefoamhittheleftwing82secondsafterliftoffandbrokethroughoneofthecarbonpanelsdesignedtoprotectthewingsfromtheintenseheatofre-entry.Columbiabrokeapartasitre-enteredEarth’satmosphereonFeb.1.Allsevenastronautswerekilled.

Today,theColumbiaAccidentInvestigationBoardWillissueitsfindingsonwhatcausedtheaccident.Inadditiontodetailinghowtheblowfromthefoamledtothebreak-up,theboardwilldocumenthowdecisionsbyNASAmanagersunderestimatedtheperilColumbiafacedandhowtheyignoredwarnings,accordingtopreviouspublicstatementsfromboardmembers.

Theindependentboard’sreportalsoisexpectedtofindthattheNASAsafetyofficewasineffectiveandunderfunded.

AmongtheareastobediscussedisNASA’srelianceoncomputersimulationsandmathema