考研考博-英語-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Ascientistwhodoesresearchineconomicpsychologyandwhowantstopredictthewayinwhichconsumerswillspendtheirmoneymuststudyconsumerbehavior.Hemustobtaindatabothontheresourcesofconsumersandonthemotivesthattendtoencourageordiscouragemoneyspending.

Ifaneconomistwereaskedwhichofthreegroupsborrowmost—peoplewithrisingincomes,stableincomes,ordecliningincomes—hewouldprobablyanswer:thosewithdecliningincomes.Actually,intheyears1947-1950,theanswerwas:peoplewithrisingincomes.Peoplewithdecliningincomeswerenextandpeoplewithstableincomesborrowedtheleast.Thisshowsusthattraditionalassumptionsaboutearningandspendingarenotalwaysreliable.Anothertraditionalassumptionisthatifpeoplewhohavemoneyexpectpricestogoup,theywillhastentobuy.Iftheyexpectpricestogodown,theywillpostponebuying.Butresearchsurveyshaveshownthatthisisnotalwaystrue.Theexpectationsofpriceincreasesmaynotstimulatebuying.Onetypicalattitudewasexpressedbythewifeofamechanicinaninterviewasatimeofrisingprices.“Inafewmonths,”shesaid,“we’llhavetopaymoreformeatandmilk;we’llhavelesstospendonotherthings.”Herfamilyhadbeenplanningtobuyanewcarbuttheypostponedthispurchase.Furthermore,theriseinpricesthathasalreadytakenplacemayberesentedandbuyer’sresistancemaybeevoked.Thisisshownbythefollowingtypicalcomment:“Ijustdon’tpaytheseprices;theyaretoohigh.”

Traditionalassumptionsshouldbeinvestigatedcarefully,andfactorsoftimeandplaceshouldbeconsidered.TheinvestigationsmentionedabovewerecarriedoutinAmerica.InvestigationsconductedatthesametimeinGreatBritain,however,yieldedresultsthatweremoreinagreementwithtraditionalassumptionsaboutsavingandspendingpatterns.Theconditionmostconductivetospendingappearstobepricestability.Ifpriceshavebeenstableandpeoplehavebecomeaccustomedtoconsiderthem“right”andexpectthemtoremainstable,theyarelikelytobuy.Thus,itappearsthatthecommonbusinesspolicyofmaintainingstablepriceswithoccasionalsalesordiscountsisbasedonacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychology.

31.Theexampleofthemechanic’swifeisintendedtoshowthatintimesofrisingprices________.

32.FindingsininvestigationsinBritainindicate________.

33.Accordingtothepassagepeopletendtobuymorewhen________.

34.Thebesttitleofthepassageis:________.

35.Thewordevokedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.

問題1選項

A.peoplewithdecliningincometendtobuyless

B.peoplewithstableincometendtoborrowless

C.peoplewithincreasingincometendtobuymore

D.peoplewithmoneyalsotendtobuyless

問題2選項

A.certainfactorsshouldbetakenintoaccount

B.peopleinBritainbehaveinthesamewayasthoseinAmerica

C.pricestabilityresultsfromacorrectunderstandingofconsumerpsychology

D.occasionaldiscountsandsalesarenecessary

問題3選項

A.pricesareexpectedtogoup

B.pricesareexpectedtogodown

C.pricesdon’tchange

D.thebusinesspolicyremainsunchanged

問題4選項

A.Consumer’sPurchasingPower

B.RelationshipbetweenIncomeandPurchasingPower

C.TraditionalAssumptions

D.StudiesinConsumerBehavior

問題5選項

A.proscribed

B.revoked

C.conjuredup

D.exclaimed

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】31.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第八、九句Theexpectationsofpriceincreasesmaynotstimulatebuying.Onetypicalattitudewasexpressedbythewifeofamechanicinaninterviewasatimeofrisingprices.（價格上漲的預期可能不會刺激購買。一名機修工的妻子在一次采訪中表達了一種典型的態(tài)度，當時物價正在上漲。），可知有錢的人在價格上漲的時候也會少買東西，所以D選項“有錢的人也傾向于少買東西”正確。A選項“收入下降的人往往買得更少”，B選項“有穩(wěn)定收入的人傾向于少借錢”和C選項“收入增加的人傾向于買更多的東西”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

32.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段一、二、三句Traditionalassumptionsshouldbeinvestigatedcarefully,andfactorsoftimeandplaceshouldbeconsidered.TheinvestigationsmentionedabovewerecarriedoutinAmerica.InvestigationsconductedatthesametimeinGreatBritain,however,yieldedresultsthatweremoreinagreementwithtraditionalassumptionsaboutsavingandspendingpatterns.（應認真研究傳統(tǒng)假設，并考慮時間和地點因素。上述調(diào)查是在美國進行的。然而，與此同時在英國進行的調(diào)查得出的結(jié)果更符合有關(guān)儲蓄和支出模式的傳統(tǒng)假設），在英國的研究考慮了某些因素以后，結(jié)果更符合假設，所以A選項“應該考慮某些因素”正確，B選項“英國人的行為舉止和美國人一樣”在這里沒有提到。C選項“價格穩(wěn)定源于對消費者心理的正確理解”和D選項“有必要偶爾打折和銷售”：和研究沒有直接的關(guān)系，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

33.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Ifpriceshavebeenstableandpeoplehavebecomeaccustomedtoconsiderthem“right”andexpectthemtoremainstable,theyarelikelytobuy.（如果價格一直保持穩(wěn)定，而且人們已經(jīng)習慣于認為價格是“正確的”，并期望價格保持穩(wěn)定，他們可能會購買。），可知在價格穩(wěn)定的時候，人們會買東西，所以C選項“價格不變”正確，A選項“價格預計會上漲”和B選項“價格預計會下降”錯誤。D選項“商業(yè)措施不變”：根據(jù)文章最后一句thecommonbusinesspolicyofmaintainingstablepriceswithoccasionalsalesordiscounts（通過偶爾的銷售或折扣來保持價格穩(wěn)定的商業(yè)政策），這里說通過商業(yè)措施的變動來穩(wěn)定價格，不是不變，故錯誤。因此C選項正確。

34.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ascientistwhodoesresearchineconomicpsychologyandwhowantstopredictthewayinwhichconsumerswillspendtheirmoneymuststudyconsumerbehavior.（一個研究經(jīng)濟心理學并想預測消費者花錢方式的科學家必須研究消費者行為。），隨后通過研究得出消費者心理影響消費者消費方式，所以D選項“消費者行為研究”正確。A選項“消費者的購買力”，B選項“收入和購買力的關(guān)系”和C選項“傳統(tǒng)假設”都是文章部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

35.詞義辨析題。Evoked意思是喚起（感情、記憶或形象），所以C選項“使在腦海中浮現(xiàn)，使聯(lián)想起”正確。A選項“譴責；宣布禁止”，B選項“撤銷”和D選項“呼喊”意思不符，故錯誤。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Thoughsheisn'tBritishbybirth,sheisaBritishcitizenby（）ofhermarriagetoanEnglishman.

問題1選項

A.virtue

B.merit

C.approach

D.relation

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。byvirtueof為固定搭配,意為"由于,憑借"。句意：雖然她不是英國人,但由于她嫁給了英國人,所以她是英國公民。

3.翻譯題

1.Ahealthysystemofhighereducationoffersmanyrewards:scientificdiscoveries,eventualandevenunforeseenapplications,thoughtfulpoliticalleadership,intelligentpublicdiscourse,culturalvitality,andaneducatedworkforce.Higherlearningservesseveralgoalsincoordination,goalsthataremutuallyreinforcing.Theaimsareatoncepersonalandsocial,privateandpublic,economic,ethical,andintellectual.Ofcourse,highereducationhasautilitarianfunction.Inthatregard,asRobertBellah（羅伯特·貝拉）states,itpossesses"itsownlegitimacy".Yet,itiscrucialtocombineandintegratethatfunctionwithotheraimsandends,withwhatBellahcalls"educationforthedevelopmentofcharacter,citizenship,andculture.''

2.Whileitistruethatlivingorganismsareprofoundlyaffectedbytheirenvironment,itisequallyimportanttorememberthatmanyorganismsarealsocapableofalteringtheirhabitantsignificantly,sometimeslimitingtheirowngrowth.Theinfluenceofthebiologicalcomponentofanecosystemisoftengreaterinfreshwatersthanthatinmarineorterrestrialsystems,becauseofthesmallsizeofmanyfreshwaterbodies.

【答案】1.健康的高等教育系統(tǒng)提供許多獎勵：科學發(fā)現(xiàn)（最終甚至不可預見的應用）、深思熟慮的政治領(lǐng)導、智慧的公共演講、文化活力以及受過教育的勞動力。高等院校有以下幾個協(xié)調(diào)目標,這幾個目標是相輔相成的。其目的在于個人與社會，私人和公共，經(jīng)濟、道德和智力之間的協(xié)調(diào)。當然，高等教育具有實用功能。在這方面，正如羅伯特·貝拉指出的那樣，它擁有"自己的合法性"。然而，關(guān)鍵是要結(jié)合和整合其他意圖和目的的功能，就像貝拉所呼吁的那樣"教育為品格、公民身份和文化的發(fā)展服務"。

2.盡管生物會深受其環(huán)境的影響是確鑿無疑的，但同樣重要的是，我們應記住，許多生物也能極大地改變它們的棲息地，從而在某些情況下限制著它們自身的生長。某一生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的生物組成部分的影響在淡水環(huán)境中往往要比在海洋或陸地系統(tǒng)中大，因為淡水中許多生物體的身體尺寸都很小。

4.單選題

TheunfaircriticismleftNormanquite

withanger.

問題1選項

A.spellbound

B.speechless

C.silent

D.mute

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。spellbound“出神的；被迷住的”；speechless“說不出話的”；silent“沉默的”；mute“啞的”。句意：不公平的批評讓諾曼憤怒無語。選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Inhisspeech,thepresidentemphasizedthatthechallengetoman’sfuturecanneverbemetbymaking______adjustmentshereandthere.

問題1選項

A.adventurous

B.assiduous

C.marginal

D.moderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項adventurous“愛冒險的，大膽的，充滿危險的”，B項assiduous“刻苦的，勤勉的”，C項marginal“微不足道的，不重要的，邊緣的”，D項moderate“穩(wěn)健的，溫和的，適度的”。根據(jù)句子意思“在他的演講中，總統(tǒng)強調(diào)，人類未來的挑戰(zhàn)永遠不能通過到處的……調(diào)整來應對”可知，四個選項中只有marginal符合語境。句意：總統(tǒng)在演講中強調(diào)，人類未來所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)不可能通過到處的微小調(diào)整來應對。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

6.問答題

Notallofthepeoplelikethismovie.(popular)

【答案】Thismovieisnotpopularinallofthepeople.

7.單選題

Tryingto（）thebestcourseofactioninthefaceofthedecliningmarket,heconsultedCharlesBillwhohadworkedforaleadingfirminChicagoasmarketingconsultantformanyyears.

問題1選項

A.reasonout

B.markout

C.spellout

D.sendout

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。reasonout“推理出，推論出”；markout“規(guī)劃；制定”；spellout“講清楚”；sendout“發(fā)送，派遣”。根據(jù)后面heconsultedCharlesBill“他咨詢了查爾斯?比爾”可知他是“為了制定最好的行動方案來面對衰退的市場”，因此選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

NoTobaccoDayisthedaywhentheWorldHealthOrganization（

）topeopletostopusingtobaccoproducts.

問題1選項

A.asks

B.applies

C.appeals

D.urges

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。appealtosb.todosth.意為“呼吁/懇請某人做某事”。句意：無煙日是世界衛(wèi)生組織呼吁人們停止使用煙草制品的日子。選項C正確。選項A和D后面直接接sb.，不接介詞to；選項B的用法是applytosb.forsth.，意為“向某人申請...”。所以只有選項C正確。

9.單選題

Hespentmuchofhislifetime,studyingthediseaseofcattle,chickensandother（）animals.

問題1選項

A.domestic

B.wild

C.tamed

D.fierce

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他花費其一生的大部分時間研究牛，雞和其他家禽的疾病。

考查形容詞辨析。domestic國內(nèi)的，家畜的；wild野生的；tame馴服的，養(yǎng)服的;fierce激烈的，猛烈的。因此A項符合句意。

10.單選題

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

問題1選項

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央視所有慶祝春節(jié)的節(jié)目都通過衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播到世界各地。劃線詞的前綴是re-，選項A和B不符合句意，所以選項C正確。

11.單選題

ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam（

）hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

問題1選項

A.willcontinue

B.continued

C.continue

D.continues

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管有著一些學習困難，但是威廉卻完全有必要繼續(xù)自己的學習。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。It’s+形容詞（essential,necessary,important等）+從句（謂語是shoulddo,其中should可以省略）。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“Itisabsolutelyessentialthat完全有必要”可知C項“continue”正確。

12.單選題

Itwasthelargestexperimentwehaveeverhad;it（）sixhours.

問題1選項

A.ended

B.finished

C.was

D.lasted

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我們做過的最大的實驗。此實驗持續(xù)6小時。結(jié)合此處語境，D為正確答案。

13.單選題

Weliveina(n)______societywhichviewssuccessprimarilyintermsofmaterialpossessions.

問題1選項

A.acquisitive

B.requisite

C.inextricable

D.refraining

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項acquisitive“渴求獲取財物的，貪婪的”，B項requisite“必備的，必不可少的”，C項inextricable“逃脫不掉的，解不開的”，D項refraining為動詞refrain的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示“克制”。根據(jù)句子可知，which是作定語從句修飾society，定語從句的意思是“社會主要從物質(zhì)財富的角度來看待成功”，那么可以推測，這個社會是一個“渴求獲取財物的”社會，A項符合。句意：我們生活在一個主要把成功看成是物質(zhì)財富的貪婪的社會。因此，該題選擇A項。

14.單選題

Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（）patriotism.

問題1選項

A.obsolete

B.aggressive

C.harmonious

D.amiable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“廢棄的，老式的”；B選項“侵略性的，好斗的”；C選項“和諧的，和睦的”；D選項“和藹可親的，親切的”，句意：國際體育應該創(chuàng)造國家之間的友好關(guān)系，但在目前的奧林匹克組織中以某種方式鼓勵______愛國主義。由but可以得知和前文應該是有轉(zhuǎn)折的，因此空格處想表達的應該是“鼓勵帶有挑釁性的愛國精神”。因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Ahealthydietincludeslotsof（

）naturalfoodwithplentyofproteinsandvitamins.

問題1選項

A.indigestible

B.wholesome

C.leftover

D.heavy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。indigestible難消化的；wholesome益于健康的；leftover剩余的，殘留物。句意：健康的飲食包含許多益于健康的純天然食物，這些食物含有豐富的蛋白質(zhì)和維生素。根據(jù)healthydiet可知空格處應填B，答案B

16.單選題

TheAmericandreamisnot（）duringtheperiodsofproductivityandwealthgeneratedbyAmericancapitalism.

問題1選項

A.plausible

B.patriotic

C.primitive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】plausible貌似可信的，貌似有理的；patriotic愛國的；primitive原始的，簡單的；partial部分的，不公平的。句意：在美國資本主義創(chuàng)造生產(chǎn)力和財富的時期，美國夢貌似是可信的。選項A更符合語境。

17.單選題

Thecandidatehasanimpressively（

）rangeofinterestsandexperience.

問題1選項

A.diverse

B.vivid

C.mobile

D.alive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”；vivid“生動的，鮮明的”；mobile“機動的，易變的”；alive“活著的，活潑的”。句意：這位候選人有著多樣的興趣和經(jīng)歷。選項A符合題意。

18.單選題

Henry’snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso（

）thatnothinghadbeenomitted.

問題1選項

A.understanding

B.comprehensible

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。understanding“理解”；comprehensible“可理解的”；comprehensive“綜合的；廣泛的”；understandable“可以理解的”。句意：亨利的新聞報道非常詳盡，幾乎沒有遺漏。選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

He’scolor-blindandcan’t（

）thedifferencebetweenredandgreeneasily.

問題1選項

A.detect

B.discover

C.distinguish

D.determine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。detect“偵查，發(fā)現(xiàn)”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；distinguish“區(qū)分，辨別”；determine“下決心”。句意：他是個色盲，他不能輕易區(qū)分紅色與綠色。選項C符合題意。

20.單選題

WhentheU.N.CommissionontheStatusofWomen(CSW)helditsinauguralmeetinginLondonbackin1946,theU.S.delegate,EleanorRoosevelt,readanopenlettertothewomenoftheworldcallingongovernmentstoencouragewomeneverywheretoparticipateinnationalandinternationalaffairs.Theletteralsourgedwomenwhoareconsciousoftheiropportunitiestocomeforwardandshareintheworkofpeaceandreconstructionastheydidinwarandresistance.

But66yearslater,theworldwidestruggleforgenderequalityandgenderempowermentcontinuesunabated——evenaswomenfindthemselvesdiscriminatedagainst,andvictimsofviolence,bothathomeandonthebattlefield.

AsIndia'sPermanentRepresentativetotheUnitedNationsAmbassadorHardeepSinghPuritoldtheSecurityCouncilonFebruary23,2012,closeto90percentofcurrentcasualtiesinwarsandsituationsofarmedconflictarecivilians,withthemajoritybeingwomenandchildren.

Obviously,womenbearadisproportionatelylargeshareoftheburdenofconflict,buthaveamarginalsayinmattersofwarandpeace,hesaid,pointingouttheirony.Thisisperhapsafunctionofthegenderimbalanceinoursocieties,reflectedinpositionsofpowerandinfluence,headded.

Despitethis,Puffargued,womenshouldnotbeviewedsolelyasvictimsofwar.Theyalsohavetoassumethekeyroleofensuringfamilylivelihoodsinthemidstofchaosanddestruction,andareparticularlyactiveinthepeacemovementsatthegrassrootslevelandcultivatingpeacewithintheircommunities.

Therefore,theabsenceofwomenatthepeacenegotiatingtableisunconscionable,declaredPuri,asheimplicitlycriticizedthefactthatpeacenegotiatorsareoverwhelminglymale.

YasmeenHassan,globaldirectorattheNewYorkbasedEqualityNow,saidthateconomicdownturnsbringwiththemrisingfundamentalismsandaclingingtopracticesandbeliefsthatposeachallengetogenderequality.

Similarly,shepointedout,Warandlackofsecurityleadtoacurtailmentofwomen'srights.Thedevelopingworldhasseenalotmoreinstability——economic,political,social——thathasoftenbeenexacerbatedbyconflicts,bothinternalandcrossborder,thatposethebiggestbarrierstogenderequality.

“Instabilityandconflictsalsomakewomen'srightsactivismdifficultaswomenmaybecomedividedonissuesofnationalorigin,raceandclass,”sheadded.

A10-daymeetingofthe45-memberCSW,beginningFebruary28,2012,willfocusonanotherbattlefrom:theempowermentofruralwomenandtheirroleinpovertyandhungereradicationandsustainabledevelopment.

Accordingtothenewly-createdU.N.Women,ruralwomenconstituteone-fourthoftheWorld'spopulationofsevenbillionpeople.Still,onlyfivepercentofagriculturalextensionservicesareprovidedforwomenfarmers,andinruralsub-SaharanAfrica,womenholdlessthan10percentofthecreditavailabletosmallholderagriculture.

“Ifruralwomenhadequalaccesstoproductiveresources,agriculturalyieldscouldreducethenumberofchronicallyhungrypeoplebybetween100and150million,”saysUNWomen.

Askedaboutthekeyachievementsongenderempowermentinthelastfiveto10years,Hassansaid.“Everyoneagreesthatitisanissuethathastobeputontheagenda——women'sempowermenthascometobeseenasessentialfordevelopmentand,moreimportantlyincurrenttimes,forbuildingpeace.”

Shesaidtheshacklesofcultureandreligion,thoughstillbindingwomenmuchmoreharshlythanmen,havecometobeseen——atleastinternationally——asnotinevitableandinfactbreakable.

GigiFrancisco,thePhilippines——basedgeneralcoordinatorofDevelopmentAlternativeswithwomenforaNewEra(DAWN),saidthatamidstthebackdropofuncertaintimesforeconomiesworldwideandre-commitmentsmadebytheinternationalcommunitytoendingpovertyandachievingsustainabledevelopment,thereisamoredeliberatefocusonordinarywomen'srolesinproductionandconsumptionacrosstheeconomicsouth.

Byrelievingwomen'spracticalburdenslinkedtotheirgenderroles,itisassumedthatwomenandtheirfamilieswillbecomemoreefficientinaccessinganddistributingresourcesthatwouldeventuallyredoundtosomedegreeofempowerment,shesaid.

Atthesametime,Franciscopointedout,whenwomenbecomemoreefficientinperformingtheirroles,therestofthesocietyandtheentireeconomybenefit.

Focusingontheissuesandconcernsofgrassrootswomenistherightthingtodo.“Howeverwhatisfundamentallywrongwiththisapproachisthatwithoutawomen'srightsperspectivethefocusonefficiencyconfersentitlementstopoorwomensolelyonthebasisoftheirlabor,”sheadded.

Aswell,theapproachdoesnotleadtoanytransformationoftheexistinggenderdivisionoflaborthatpositionswomeninasubordinatedwaywithinfamiliesandsocieties,sheadded.Andbeinglesspoordoesnotmeanthatthegendergaphadbecomelessunequal.

Askedaboutgenderprogress,Franciscosaidthattheriseinthenumberofwomenenteringofficialpositionsofpowerandauthorityatlocal,national,regionalandgloballevelsisamajorachievementinonekeyaspectofgenderequality.

ThisisundoubtedlyaclearfollowthroughonobligationssetintheConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationAgainstWomen(CEDAW)andthe1995BeijingPlatformforAction(BPFA)adoptedattheFourthWorldConferenceonWomeninChina.

Whileinstitutionalarrangementsandmechanismsforgenderequalityhaveprovidedtheframeworkinprogressivelyrealizinggenderbalanceinpoliticalreforms,changescouldnothavetakenplacewithouttheactionsbywomen'srightsadvocatesandmovementsthatpushedgenderequalityissuestotherealmofpublicdeliberationsandresistances.

“Incelebratingwomenwhoareinpositionsofpower,wemustrememberthatfirstly,thesituationforwomenleadersacrossandwithincountriesconsiderablyvary,”Franciscosaid.

Secondly,thatgains,eventhecelebratedones,maybetransientandseriouslythreatenedbyahostofneo-conservativereactionsthatemergefromsimultaneousupheavalsanduncertainties,andthirdly,powerfulwomenwillneedtobeassessednotintermsofhowlongtheyremainaspostergirlsforgenderequalitybutintermsoftheirconcretecontributionstoensuringthattherightsandwell-beingofordinarywomenaresecuredandpromoted.

“Andthattheprocessesofgovernanceatalllevelsremainaccountabletowomen'srightsorganizationsandmovements,”shesaid.

Relatedtothis,shesaid,isabigchallengethatUNWomennowhastoface:howitwillworkoutitsmechanismsandprocessesofpartnershipwithandaccountabilitytothewomen'smovementsinatransparentandconsultativeway.

Themainmessageofthispassageisthatwomentodayhavemadeextraordinaryprogressinattainingtherightstoparticipatingnationalandinternationalaffairs,forwhichtheirdeathtollinwarsandconflictishigherthanmen's.

Instability,risingfundamentalismcauseachallengetogenderequality.

Theroleofruralwomenineradicatingpovertyandhungerhasbeenfullyrealized.

Onekeyprogressingenderequalityisthatmorewomentodayattainofficialpositionsofpowerandauthority.

Theauthorofthispassagebelievesthatgenderbalancecanbefullyachievedaftertheestablishmentoftheframeworkofinstitutionalarrangementsandmechanismsforgenderequality.

問題1選項

A.A

B.B

問題2選項

A.A

B.B

問題3選項

A.A

B.B

問題4選項

A.A

B.B

問題5選項

A.A

B.B

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.前后不構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,所以表述不正確。

2.根據(jù)第七段“economicdownturnsbringwiththemrisingfundamentalismsandaclingingtopracticesandbeliefsthatposeachallengetogenderequality.”經(jīng)濟衰退帶來的是原教旨主義的抬頭,以及對實踐和信仰的執(zhí)著,這對性別平等構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知,對性別平等構(gòu)成挑戰(zhàn)的源頭是經(jīng)濟衰退,所以本句表述錯誤。

3.根據(jù)原文第十一段“ruralwomenconstitute...areprovidedforwomenfarmers.”世界70億人口中,農(nóng)村婦女占四分之一,只有5%的農(nóng)業(yè)推廣服務是為女性農(nóng)民提供的。由此可推斷,農(nóng)村婦女在消除貧困和饑餓方面的作用并沒有得到充分發(fā)揮。所以本句表述錯誤。

4.本句與原文倒數(shù)第七段描述一致,所以表述正確。

5.根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第五段可知,雖然性別平等的體制安排和機制為政治改革逐步實現(xiàn)性別平衡提供了框架,但如果沒有婦女權(quán)利倡導者和運動的行動,就不可能發(fā)生變化,這些行動把性別平等問題推到公眾審議和抵制的領(lǐng)域。由此可知,在建立性別平等的制度安排和機制框架之后,如果沒有實際的行動,是無法充分實現(xiàn)性別平等的。所以表述錯誤。

21.單選題

Thedisagreementovertraderestrictionscouldseriously（）relationsbetweenthetwocountries.

問題1選項

A.tumble

B.jeopardize

C.manipulate

D.intimidate

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。tumble“使摔倒，弄亂”；jeopardize“危害，危及”；manipulate“操縱，操作”；intimidate“恐嚇，威脅”。句意：在貿(mào)易限制問題上的分歧可能嚴重危及兩國之間的關(guān)系。選項B符合題意。

22.單選題

Duringthesummervacation,kidsareoftenseenhanging_____inthestreets.

問題1選項

A.about

B.on

C.over

D.out

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。hangabout徘徊，閑蕩；hangon堅持下去，不掛斷；hangover掛在...之上；hangout閑逛，鬼混。hangout側(cè)重于跟朋友出去玩；hangabout一般指無所事事，游手好閑。句意：暑假期間，經(jīng)?？吹胶⒆觽冊诮稚祥e逛。選項D更符合語境。

23.單選題

Forthelast20yearsorsothesubjectofglobalwarminghas（）heateddebateamongtheworld’sbrightestminds.

問題1選項

A.spawned

B.injected

C.modeled

D.moved

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去20年左右的時間里，全球變暖這個話題在全球最聰明的頭腦中引發(fā)了激烈的辯論。只有選項A有引起的意思，所以正確。

24.單選題

（

）muchhasbeenknownaboutmammarycancer,theprecisewaytocureofitstillremainslargelyintherealmoftesting.

問題1選項

A.While

B.Since

C.Because

D.When

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。while在這里的意思為“盡管”；since“因為；由于，既然”，because“因為”；when“當……”。根據(jù)句子意思推斷選項A最符合題意。句意為：盡管我們對于乳腺癌了解很多，但是關(guān)于治療的最精準的方法仍處于測試階段。

25.單選題

Thepioneersoftheteachingofscienceimaginedthatitsintroductionintoeducationwouldmovetheconventionality,artificiality,andbackward-lookingnesswhichwerecharacteristicofclassicalstudies,buttheyweregravelydisappointed.So,too,intheirtimehadthehumanists)thoughtthatthestudyoftheclassicalauthorsintheoriginalwouldbanishatoncethedullpedantryandsuperstitionofmediaevalscholasticism.Theprofessionalschoolmasterwasamatchforbothofthem，andhasalmostmanagedtomaketheunderstandingofchemicalreactionsasdullandasdogmaticanaffairasthereadingofVirgil’sAeneid.

Thechiefclaimfortheuseofscienceineducationisthatitteachesachildsomethingabouttheactualuniverseinwhichheislivingin,makinghimacquaintedwiththeresultsofscientificdiscovery,andatthesametimeteacheshimhowtothinklogicallyandinductivelybystudyingscientificmethod.Acertainlimitedsuccesshasbeenreachedinthefirstoftheseaims,butpracticallynoneatallinthesecond.Thoseprivilegedmembersofthecommunitywhohavebeenthroughasecondaryorpublicschooleducationmaybeexpectedtoknowsomethingabouttheelementaryphysicsandchemistryofahundredyearsago,buttheyprobablyknowhardlymorethananybrightboycanpickupfromaninterestinwirelessorscientifichobbiesoutofschoolhours.

Astothelearningofscientificmethod,thewholethingispalpablyafarce.Actually,fortheconvenienceofteachersandtherequirementsoftheexaminationsystem,itisnecessarythatthepupilsnotonlydonotlearnscientificmethodbutlearnpreciselythereverse，thatis,tobelieveexactlywhattheyaretoldandtoreproduceitwhenasked,whetheritseemsnonsensetothemornot.Thewayinwhicheducatedpeoplerespondtosuchquackeriesasspiritualismorastrology,nottosaymoredangerousonessuchasracialtheoriesorcurrencymyths,showsthatfiftyyearsofeducationinthemethodofscienceinBritainorGermanyhasproducednovisibleeffectwhatever.Theonlywayoflearningthemethodofscienceisthelongandbitterwayofpersonalexperience,and,untiltheeducationalorsocialsystemsarealteredtomakethispossible,thebestwecanexpectistheproductionofaminorityofpeoplewhoareabletoacquiresomeofthetechniquesofscienceandastillsmallerminoritywhoareabletouseanddevelopthem.

1.Theauthorimpliesthattheprofessionalschoolmaster”(line6)has（）.

2.Theauthorblamesallofthefollowingforthefailuretoimpartscientificmethodthroughthe（）.

3.Iftheauthorweretostudycurrenteducationinsciencetoseehowthingshavechangedsincehewrotethepiece,hewouldprobablybemostinterestedintheanswertowhichofthefollowingquestions?

4.Allofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetextexcept（）.

問題1選項

A.nointerestinteachingscience

B.thwartedattemptstoenliveneducation

C.supportedthehumanists

D.beenapioneerinbothscienceandhumanities.

問題2選項

A.lackofinterestonthepartofstudents

B.poorteaching

C.examinationmethods

D.thesocialandeducationsystems

問題3選項

A.Dostudentsknowmoreabouttheworldaboutthem?

B.Dostudentsspendmoretimeinlaboratories?

C.Canstudentsapplytheirknowledgelogically?

D.Havetextbooksimproved?

問題4選項

A.atthetimeofwriting,notallchildrenreceivedasecondaryschooleducation

B.itisrelativelyeasytolearnscientificmethod

C.scienceteachinghasimpartedsomeknowledgeoffactstosomechildren

D.theauthorbelievesthatmanyteachersareauthoritarian

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“maketheunderstandingofchemicalreactionsasdullandasdogmaticanaffairasthereadingofVirgil’sAeneid.”這些專業(yè)的老師使化學反應的理解變得乏味，使閱讀變得教條化，所以教育越來越?jīng)]有活躍度。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，因為老師們圖方便和考試制度，使學生們沒有更好地學習科學方法，直到教育制度或者社會制度發(fā)生了變化才能使學生們對科學方法的學習成為可能。所以作者沒有提及學生們的興趣問題。選項A符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者最關(guān)心的是學生們有沒有接受到科學方法教育，最后一段可以看出，“theproductionofaminorityofpeoplewhoareabletoacquiresomeofthetechniquesofscienceandastillsmallerminoritywhoareabletouseanddevelopthem.”，一部分人能研究獲得科學技術(shù)和方法，但是運用的人很少。由此可見，作者關(guān)心的學生能否用一些科學的方法獲得知識。選項C符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theonlywayoflearningthemethodofscienceisthelongandbitterwayofpersonalexperience”，學習科學方法是漫長而痛苦的，并不是簡單的，選項B符合題意。

26.單選題

Whatareyour（

）forjudgingabottleofwine?

問題1選項

A.regulations

B.rules

C.premises

D.criteria

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。regulation規(guī)則，規(guī)定；rule規(guī)則，條例；premise假定，前提；criteria標準。句意：你判斷一瓶酒的標準是什么？由judging可知需要一定的標準才能對事物作出判斷，故D項“標準”符合題意。答案D

27.單選題

Theyareevidencethata（

）ofevolutionaryexperimentationwasgoingonatthetime,outofwhichthehumanlineagesomehowemerged.

問題1選項

A.ferment

B.glamour

C.jubilation

D.fragment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ferment“發(fā)酵；動亂”；glamour“魅力；迷人的美”；jubilation“喜歡；慶祝；歡呼”；fragment“碎片”。句意：它們是那個動亂時候進化實驗蓬勃發(fā)展期的證據(jù)，由于某種未知的原因，人類從中開始出現(xiàn)。Outofwhich中which指代空格處的內(nèi)容，分析題干意思知A項符合。

28.單選題

Forsomecrimes,andundercertainconditions,apoliceofficermustobtainacourtordercalled（）beforemakinganarrest.

問題1選項

A.warrant

B.registry

C.legislation

D.battery

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項warrant表示“根據(jù)，證明，正當理由”；B選項registry表示“注冊，登記”；C選項legislation表示“立法”；D選項battery表示“電池；（法）毆打；炮臺”。

由句中acourtorder“一種法院命令”以及關(guān)鍵信息beforemakinganarrest“在實施逮捕之前”可知，這是空缺處應該是指逮捕罪犯的證明或者逮捕令。因此，本題正確答案為A項?！揪湟狻繉τ谀承┓缸?，在一定條件下，警察在實施逮捕之前必須獲得法院的命令，也就是逮捕令。

29.單選題

Helivedina（

）house,andforthisreasonhewaseasilyacceptedintohismoney-worshiping