商務(wù)英語閱讀(第二版) 王關(guān)富 Unit4The Incredible Shrinking Europe 課后答案

Unit4TheIncredibleShrinkingEuropeExercises1.Answerstothequestionsonthetext:1)WhatwasthedreamthattheEurophileswerefamiliarwith?TheirdreamwastomakeE.U.anewlyemboldenedworldpowersteppinguptocalmtroublespots,usingaidandpersuasionwhereitcould,butpreparedtosendintroopswhenithadto.2)WhydoesthepassagesaythatEuropeisaremarkablygoodplacetolive?BecauseEuropeismorestable,safe,greenandculturallydiversethanmostpartsoftheworldandaqualitylifecanbeguaranteedinE.U.states.3)DoesthegoodlifeathomemakeEuropestrongabroad?Why?No,agoodlifeathomedoesn’tmeanastrongEuropeabroad.BecausetheE.U.mayhaveallthesoft-powercredentialsintheworld,butonthegrandstageithaslackedtheweightandinfluenceofothersonsomebigissues.4)WhatdoCriticsthinkoftheselectionofHermanVanRompuyandCatherineAshtonasEurope'sPresidentandForeignMinister?Theyconsidertheselectionassymbolicofalackofvisionanditmeansthegroupingwillhavetoreconcileitselftofiveyearsofunderperformance.5)WhatcanbelistedasE.U.’sachievementsintheyearsaround1980saccordingtothepassage?Byextendinganareaofpeaceandliberalgovernmenttotheeast,theE.U.hasdonemuchtocalmapartoftheworldthatnotlongagowasthecockpitformurderousrivalries.6)InwhatwaycanEuroperealizeitsowndreamsandthoseofothersaccordingtothepassage?Ithastoactasatruesingleblocandwinotherstoitsside.7)WhydoestheGermangovernmentfaceenormousdomesticchallengesinadmittingitsforcesinAfghanistanaretheretofight,nottobehumanitarianworkersinuniform?BecauseoneofmodernEurope'smostcherishedconvictionsisthattheforceofarmsrarelysettlespoliticaldisputesforlongandEuropeanpublicopinioninthe20thcenturyseemsunwillingtocommittothewarinAfghanistanforthelonghaul.8)WhatrolesdidGermanyplayinEuropeinthe20thcentury?Forthelasthalfofthe20thcentury,GermanywasattheheartoftheEuropeanexperiment.ButsincetheendoftheColdWar,ithassteppedbackfromtheE.U.andbegunstrengtheningtieswithRussia.9WhataretheadvantagesforE.U.tobechosenastheWhiteHouse’spartner?TheadvantagesarethatEuropeisrichanddemocratic,anditsvaluesareclosertothoseoftheU.S.thanthoseofanywhereelse.2.Fillineachblankofthefollowingsentenceswithoneofthephrasesinthelistgivenbelow.Makechangeswhennecessary.1)Chinawilladheretotheprincipleofdevelopinghightechnologyandrealizingindustrializationtostepupthecommercialization,industrializationandinternationalizationofscientificandtechnologicalachievements.2)Intherecentcrisisnobankscouldmanagetobailoutthecompaniesinfinancialpressure.3)IntermsoftheinformationfromtheUniverseheisapatheticandsometimesirritable,heislikeanostrichstickinghisheadinsand.4)ItwillbeuptotheboardtodecideiftheCEOshouldberemoved.5)Allourhopesrestuponthearrivaloftheshipment.6)Theplanhasalreadybeenworkedout,andcouldbeputintooperationatamoment'snotice.7)Thewholemachineryofcivilizationwillbreakdownifthisdoctrinewinsinthewar.8)Hisremarkshithomewhenhesaidthatwedidnotworkenough.9)SomeanalystssuspectedthatToyotahadpulledstringstostifleprobesintoitsautoqualityproblems.10)Mercyisreachingouttothosewhohavenothingtogivebacktoyou.3.MatchthetermsincolumnAwiththeexplanationsincolumnB:A____________________B_____________________________________1)freemarketA)Effectsonthebehaviorofindividualscausedbyobservationoftheactionsofothersandtheirconsequences.32)coalitiongovernmentB)Aneconomicturmoilwherecompaniesgobankrupt,peoplearelaidoff,andmarketsaresluggish.Thereisalotofpanicinbothbusinessanddailylives.93)demonstrationeffectsC)Amarketinwhichthereisnoeconomicinterventionbythestate,excepttoenforceprivatecontractsandtheownershipofproperty.14)healthinsuranceD)Aqualifiedretirementplansetupbyacorporation,laborunion,government,orotherorganizationforitsemployees.6E)Aformofcollectivismbymeansofwhichpeoplecollectivelypooltheirrisk,inthiscasetheriskofincurringmedicalexpenses.45)nationalinterestF)Theabilitytoobtainwhatonewantsthrougheconomicorculturalmeans.Itallowsnationstoexerttheirinfluencewithoutusingmilitarymeansorcoercion.86)pensionschemeG)Afightorcontentionforterritory,power,control,orresourcesbetweentowmorepartiesinaplaceorarea..77)turfwarH)Thingsofgreatimportancetoanation,includingitsgoals,visionsandambitionsinpolitical,economic,culturalfields,etc.andactions,circumstances,anddecisionstoachievethem.58)softpowerI)Acabinetofaparliamentarygovernmentinwhichseveralpartiescooperate.29)economiccrunch4.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.有什么能讓歐洲振奮起來嗎？當(dāng)然：如果歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人能像20年前那樣抓住時(shí)機(jī)，歐盟就將繁榮昌盛。歐洲人擔(dān)心工作不保和儲(chǔ)蓄減少，各國(guó)政府和公司無法輕易借款，銀行倒閉，單一貨幣搖搖欲墜，此時(shí)，歐盟面臨的不僅僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，還有政治危機(jī)。到目前為止，歐洲各國(guó)面臨的威脅有所不同。在過去的18個(gè)月里，它們常因金融市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)低迷而飽受爭(zhēng)議或遭到指責(zé)，大多在被否定與威嚇中尋求庇護(hù)。盡管采取了新一輪的緊縮政策，并且向最脆弱的經(jīng)濟(jì)體啟動(dòng)了11小時(shí)龐大經(jīng)濟(jì)救援，歐洲在世界上的實(shí)力似乎已經(jīng)削弱。不屑一顧地看著歐洲對(duì)金融危機(jī)束手無策已成為亞洲和美洲的時(shí)尚。人們說，歐洲時(shí)代已成歷史。日漸衰老而又故步自封的歐洲人已無戰(zhàn)勝逆境的決心。然而病態(tài)的歐洲對(duì)誰都沒有益處。即使如此，目前歐盟仍是世界最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。如果它的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行健康的話，那么最嚴(yán)重的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)也許早已結(jié)束。在政治上，人人都與關(guān)乎歐洲命運(yùn)的宏偉理想息息相關(guān)，即敵對(duì)國(guó)家之間可以進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作取得雙贏而非發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。在社會(huì)上，所有的民主國(guó)家最終都必須應(yīng)對(duì)歐洲的難題，即政府和社保體系不斷膨脹，可能阻礙為其提供資金的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。所以，不要恥笑歐洲的無能為力，全世界都應(yīng)探詢歐洲能否恢復(fù)活力，如果能，該怎樣做。本報(bào)的回答不合時(shí)宜，但卻積極樂觀。歐洲的失敗并非注定。如果歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表現(xiàn)出一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)勇氣，那么，此次危機(jī)就能轉(zhuǎn)化為自20世紀(jì)80年代以來經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展的最好機(jī)會(huì)。在那個(gè)時(shí)代，歐洲遭遇了因兩次石油危機(jī)而引起的低增長(zhǎng)和高失業(yè)。當(dāng)時(shí)被稱為“歐洲硬化癥”，但在杰出而又脾氣暴躁的法國(guó)政治家歐共體主席雅克德洛爾的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，歐洲于1992年建立了單一市場(chǎng)，并恢復(fù)了活力，獲得了新生。這些改革為歐盟進(jìn)入最具活力的時(shí)代打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。現(xiàn)在的政客們從此應(yīng)該能得到點(diǎn)啟示。在過去的數(shù)十年中，歐洲享有特權(quán)的“圈內(nèi)人”一直阻止歐洲的改革。但德洛爾先生克服重重困難，聯(lián)手主張自由市場(chǎng)的自由派人士和歐洲一體化的倡導(dǎo)者，繼續(xù)了這一改革進(jìn)程。現(xiàn)在這一危機(jī)又為歐洲領(lǐng)袖們提供了繼續(xù)改革聯(lián)盟的機(jī)會(huì)，又重新聚焦到單一市場(chǎng)上。他們應(yīng)該抓住這一機(jī)會(huì)。5.Fillineachofthefollowinggapswithoneofthesentencesgivenbelow:1)Notonlyistheregionlaggingintheglobalrebound,itisalsofacingdauntinglong-termchallenges.2)WhetherornotEuropecanresolvetheseproblemsmatterstoeveryone,whethertheyliveinEuropeornot.3)Neithergoalhasbeenachieved.4)AtstakeistheentireEuropeaneconomicsystemitself.5)Manyfinancialanalystsbelievetheeuromaycontinueitsdescent,perhapstoparitywiththedollar,whichwouldrepresentafurtherdepreciationofnearly20%.SupplementaryReadingEuropestrugglestocontaindebtturmoil1)Portugalgovernmenttookradicalausteritymeasuresinorder_______________.A.toseekhelpfromIMFB.tostrikeinvestorsC.tofendoffthespeculativetradesD.toimprovethegovernment’simage2)ThecountriesthatrefusedtotakefinancialaidfromE.U.are________________.A.SpainandIrelandB.PortugalandSpainC.PortugalandIrelandD.IrelandandGreece3)Thedebt-reducingpackageapprovedbythePortugueseParliamentinclude______.A.receivingmoreinternationalloansB.lowingbondyieldsC.layingoffworkersD.taxhikesandpayandwelfarecuts4)WhydidsomeE.U.membersforcePortugaltoconsiderabailout?_________.A.Becausetheywereafraidthattherecessionwouldthreatenthe16-nationeurocurrency.B.Becausetheywouldliketoseethecountrieswhichweremostinthespotlighttoacceptassistance.C.Becausetheywantedtoavoidasharperdeteriorationinbondmarkets.D.Becausetheywantedtobuytime.5)WhodeniedpressureonPortugaltotakefinancialaidaccordingtothepassage?________.A.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheGermangovernmentB.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandIMFC.theEuropeanCommission,IMFandtheGermangovernmentD.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheFrenchgovernment6)Howlongdoesportugalhavetotoshowmarketsitisabletobringitsspendingundercontrol?A.Oneyear.B.Sixmonths.C.Sixteenmonths.D.Itdoesn’tmention.7)TheAthensgovernment’stougherreformsfor2011resultedin__________.A.politicalturmoilB.highdebtandlowgrowthC.stocksslumpedacrosstheboardD.publicoutrageandaplannedgeneralstrike.8)Wh