高中語法定語從句講解1課件

TheAttributiveClause

定語從句

講解（一）

ByMr.He一、定語的概念1.英語中的句子成分有哪些？主、謂、賓、定、狀、補、表、同。2.什么叫定語？美麗的中國教室里的學生我們喜歡的老師定語就是_________________的成份?！暗摹笔嵌ㄕZ的標志詞。

限定或修飾一個名詞二、定語的形式1.女朋友girlfriend2.迷人的微笑attractivesmile3.我的祖國mymotherland4.六個壞蛋sixbadeggs5.破碎的心abrokenheart6.睡覺的嬰兒asleepingbaby7.睡袋asleepingbag8.這里的人們thepeoplehere觀察：單個的詞作定語，前置。但是少量的時間、地點副詞作定語，后置。定語的形式13.我們喜愛的老師theteacherwhowelove觀察：句子作定語，后置歸納：1.定語的形式有:名詞、形容詞、物主代詞、數(shù)詞、極少量副詞、動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語、句子2.后置定語有:副詞、四類短語、句子三、定語從句的概念我們喜愛的老師是陳校長Theteacherwhowelove

isMr.Chen定語從句用來作定語的句子，稱為定語從句。位置：位于它所修飾的名詞后。定語從句的概念我們喜愛的老師是陳校長Theteacher

whowelove

isMr.Chen.先行詞：定語從句所限定、修飾的名詞引導詞：引導定語從句的詞關(guān)系詞：就是引導詞先行詞引導詞關(guān)系詞的作用合并下面的句子:TheladyisMary.Wesawtheladyyesterday.

TheladywesawtheladyyesterdaywhoisMary.

TheladywhowesawyesterdayisMary.關(guān)系詞的作用二：指代先行詞歸納關(guān)系詞的三個作用是：1.引導定語從句2.指代先行詞3.充當一個成分四、關(guān)系詞的種類關(guān)系代詞：4---whowhomthatwhich1---whose關(guān)系副詞：3---whenwherewhy口訣：關(guān)系詞413例如：合并句子Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.五、關(guān)系詞的實質(zhì)Aplaneisamachinethemachinecanfly.which/that關(guān)系詞413和先行詞的實質(zhì)關(guān)系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.that=themachinewho=theboywhose=theboy’s

where=intheschool

關(guān)系代詞4是先行詞的完全指代關(guān)系代詞1whose是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞3是介詞＋先行詞指人指物主語賓語that

whichwhowhom六：關(guān)系代詞4的基本用法√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

1.關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：思考：何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略TheladywhowesawyesterdayisMary.Idon’tknowtheman

whoissittingthere.分析關(guān)系詞可否省略？1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.

Exercisethat,whichorwho?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat在非限中（which前面有逗號,which表示這一點）3.只用which不用that的情況在介詞后practice練習:使用定語從句合并下列句子1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendwho/that

hecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.Practice：使用定語從句翻譯1.他是我們能與他相處好的人2.我們能看到的一切就是希望Heisthemanwhowecangetalongwellwith.Allthatwecanseeishope.Practice：翻譯并用橫線劃出定語從句1.Allthatglitters

isnotgold.2.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnot

atrueman.3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.4.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.5.Allthatisgoldalwaysglitters.總結(jié)與作業(yè)Byebye!Byebye!6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.underwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich七：關(guān)系代詞1的基本用法：

難纏的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.合并句子：老師表揚了那個學生。他的英語是班上最好的whose

=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格，含義是“什么什么的”難用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.合并句子房子是我的。房子的窗戶破了。Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenpractice練習:使用定語從句合并下列句子1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendwho/that

hecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.Idon’tknowthemanwhoissittingthere.關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

whypeopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that關(guān)系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞非限制性定語從句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用能否省略翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句插入成分修飾限定補充解釋不能能….的Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語從句省略后主語所指就不明確，所以不能省略非限制性定語從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem×

that1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.whichas引導的非限制性定語從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語從句在句首時只能用as,as引導的非限制性定語從句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。as引導的限制性定語從句(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?限制性定語從句的構(gòu)成Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.YoushoulddoallthatIsaid.IhavefoundtheteatherwhomIamlookingfor.Ivisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞先行詞之后,用陳述式語序“….的”關(guān)系詞1.從句位置及語序:2.翻譯方法:3.構(gòu)成定語從句復習定語從句TheRestric