考研考博-英語-上海師范大學(xué)天華學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海師范大學(xué)天華學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theteacherwasinaragewithhim,forhishandwritinginthecompositionwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illegible

B.incomprehensible

C.inaudible

D.decipherable

【答案】A

【解析】illegible難以辨認(rèn)的,字跡潦草的；incomprehensible費(fèi)解的,不可思議的；inaudible聽不見的；decipherable可辨認(rèn)的,可解密的。句意：老師對(duì)他很生氣,因?yàn)樗淖魑淖舟E潦草。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

ThepolicestoppedmetheotherdayasIwasdrivinghome,becauseIwas（）thespeedlimit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transcending

B.exceeding

C.surpassing

D.overtaking

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transcend“勝過，超越”；B選項(xiàng)exceed“超過，勝過”；C選項(xiàng)surpass“超越，優(yōu)于”；D選項(xiàng)overtake“趕上，壓倒”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“超過，勝過”的意思，但表示超速只能用exceed。根據(jù)句意“那天我開車回家的時(shí)候被警察攔住了，因?yàn)槲页倭??！彼赃x項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Theteachertoldthestudentstostayintheclassroomandtheydid（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absolutely

B.accidentally

C.accordingly

D.accurately

【答案】C

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。absolutely“絕對(duì)地”；accidentally“意外地”；accordingly“相應(yīng)地；照著”；accurately“精確地”。句意：老師告訴學(xué)生待在教室里，他們照著做了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Theenergygainedfromthesuncanthenbeusedduringthenighttoenablethenecessarychemicalreactionto（

）initsbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precede

B.proceed

C.progress

D.practice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:從太陽獲取的能量能在夜間被用來使必要的化學(xué)反應(yīng)在體內(nèi)進(jìn)行。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Precede領(lǐng)先，在……之前;proceed開始，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,發(fā)生;progress前進(jìn),進(jìn)步;practice練習(xí),實(shí)習(xí),實(shí)行。故B符合句意。

5.單選題

Thesheerdiversityoftropicalplantsrepresentsaseemingly（）sourceofrawmaterials,ofwhichonlyafewhavebeenutilize.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exploited

B.quantifiable

C.controversial

D.inexhaustible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:exploited“開采；利用”；B:quantifiable“可以計(jì)量的”；C:controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的”；D:inexhaustible“無窮無盡的”。句意：熱帶植物絕對(duì)的多樣性似乎表明有無窮無盡的原材料資源，而這些原材料只有小部分被使用。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D最合適。

6.單選題

（

）ishisowndecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whenleaving

B.Whendoesheleave

C.Whenheleaves

D.Heleaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“ishisowndecision”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里缺少主語，故能充當(dāng)主語的C項(xiàng)“Whenheleaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“Whenleaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語；B項(xiàng)“Whendoesheleave”屬于疑問句，不能充當(dāng)主語；D項(xiàng)“Heleaves”中謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.單選題

Manypeoplewhoareotherwisecommittedtolow-carbonlife-styleswill（）fromparticipatinginanactionthatmightinvolvesignificantlevelsofpoliceharassmentorevenviolence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeoff

B.betakenoff

C.putoff

D.beputoff

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配和語法題。takeoff“離開，起飛”；putoff“脫下”。句意：許多堅(jiān)持低碳生活的人將拒絕參加那些大量警察干預(yù)甚至暴力的行動(dòng)。所以是主動(dòng)從這些活動(dòng)中離開，不參加。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

SimilarelementsintheprehistoricremainsfrombothareassuggestthatIndiansandtheirneighborshadmaintaineddistantbutrealconnections（

）before1,500BC.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ever

B.even

C.never

D.still

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。ever意為“永遠(yuǎn)，曾經(jīng)”；even意為“甚至”；never意為“從不，從來沒有”；still意為“仍然，依舊”。

句意：這兩個(gè)地區(qū)史前遺跡中的相似元素表明，印地安人和他們的鄰居甚至早在公元前1500年之前就一直保持著遙遠(yuǎn)而真實(shí)的聯(lián)系。

9.單選題

WhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethat1mightbecomeapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“1wantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.

Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepageofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.

Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuch-publicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofSheafterabuildupofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofofficepoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.

InAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisawell-establishedtrend.Downshifting-alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”-has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanticonsumerism.Thereareanumberofbest-sellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives.Therearenewsletters,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap.Thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-1990sequivalentofdroppingout.

WhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline-afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate-1980s-andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdown-shiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.

Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereurgedtokeepjugglingthroughthe1980sdownshiftinginthemid-1990sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgoodlife-growingyouownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone-asapersonalrecognitionofyoulimitations.

1.Thewriterquitherfull-timejobbecause（）.

2.“Alateralmove”inparagraph1means（）.

3.Thewriter’sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting（）.

4.“Jugglingone’slife”probablymean（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.full-timeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend

B.shewascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveherjob

C.shewasinspiredbythephilosophyof“havingitall”.

D.shewasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.achangeofresponsibilitybutnotposition

B.advocatingthenotionofanti-consumerism

C.achangefromalowerpositiontoahigherone

D.achangefromahigherpositiontoalowerone

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.enableshertorealizeherdream

B.helpshermoldanewphilosophyoflife

C.promptshertoabandonherhighsocialstatus

D.leadshertoacceptthedoctrineofShemagazine.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.takinganon-materialisticlifestyle

B.tryingoutalifewithabitofeverything

C.livingalifewithextremestress

D.advocatingthenotionofanti-consumerism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theeconomicsituation

B.man’sadventurousspirit

C.thequickpaceofmodernlife

D.man’ssearchformythicalexperiences

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“1wantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.一次橫向的人事調(diào)動(dòng)傷害了我的自尊，阻礙了我事業(yè)的發(fā)展，使我不得不拋棄了那份引人注目的工作，盡管表面上我還要像一個(gè)蒙受屈辱的政府部長(zhǎng)的姿態(tài)，通過聲稱想花更多的時(shí)間來陪伴家人來掩蓋我的退出?！笨芍髡咭?yàn)橐淮稳耸抡{(diào)動(dòng)而被迫放棄工作。故B項(xiàng)正確。ACD三項(xiàng)均不是作者離職的原因。

2.詞義題。Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough…lateral表示橫向的，平級(jí)的。可知這次人事調(diào)動(dòng)是橫向調(diào)整，并沒有說明是升級(jí)或降級(jí)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepageofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.奇怪的是，在兩年半和兩本小說之后，我在美國人所謂的“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)把我的借口變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。過去七年里，琳達(dá)?凱爾西(LindaKelsey)一直在《女性》(She)雜志上鼓吹“擁有一切”的哲學(xué)，而現(xiàn)在我已從這一哲學(xué)的熱情倡導(dǎo)者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)樂于滿足于任何東西的女人。由此可知放慢生活節(jié)奏的實(shí)驗(yàn)讓作者的生活哲學(xué)由“擁有一切”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤皹酚跐M足任何東西”，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.詞義題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Jugglingone’slife定位到第三段“abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines…”由abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting可知"jugglingyourlife"與“downshifting”對(duì)立，由第二段可知downshifting為慢節(jié)奏的生活，故jugglingyourlife意為緊張的快節(jié)奏生活。由下文nothingcould…12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines也可知作者過去所推崇的是快節(jié)奏的生活，如今拋棄了這種生活方式改為了慢節(jié)奏的生活。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。WhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline-afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate-1980s-andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,而在美國，這一趨勢(shì)一開始是對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的反應(yīng)——那是在20世紀(jì)80年代末裁員造成大量人員冗余之后——現(xiàn)在仍與提倡節(jié)儉的政治主張有關(guān)，據(jù)此可知在美國慢節(jié)奏生活趨勢(shì)的出現(xiàn)是由于當(dāng)初的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。故A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Somedisputesamongthesecountriesare____byhistory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leftover

B.turnedover

C.handedover

D.takenover

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.leftover留下B.turnedover移交給；翻閱；反復(fù)考慮

C.handedover（把某事）交給……負(fù)責(zé)D.takenover接管；接替

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析與語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處前后語義為“這些國家之間的一些爭(zhēng)端是被歷史____”，由此可知，與空格處所填短語搭配的是“國家間的一些爭(zhēng)端”和“歷史”，A選項(xiàng)leftover“留下”最符合原句語義銜接，指“被歷史遺留下來的爭(zhēng)端”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】這些國家之間的一些爭(zhēng)端是歷史遺留下來的。

11.翻譯題

Inordertocontrolandreduceenvironmentalpollutioncausedbydiscardedwasteelectronicinformationproducts,saveresourcesandpromotesustainabledevelopmentoftheelectronicinformationindustry,accordingtotheprovisionoftheAdministrationontheControlofPollutionCausedbyElectronicInformationProducts,theelectronicinformationproductssoldinthemarketwithintheterritoryofChinashallsatisfywiththefollowingrequirements:theenvironmentalprotectionmaterials,technologiesandprocessesshallbeintroducedaccordingtotheNationalStandardsorsectoralstandards;thesafe-uselife,namesandcontentsoftoxicandharmfulsubstancescontainedthereinandrecoverymarksshallbeclearlyindicatedontheproducts;non-toxic,harmless，readilydegradableandrecyclablematerialsshallbeusedasthepackagingmaterials，andthematerialsingredientsofthepackagingshallbeclearlymarked.

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】為了控制和減少由電子產(chǎn)品廢棄物造成的環(huán)境污染，節(jié)約資源，推動(dòng)電子產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，根據(jù)《電子信息產(chǎn)品污染控制管理辦法》的規(guī)定，在中國市場(chǎng)銷售的電子產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該滿足以下要求：引進(jìn)的環(huán)境保護(hù)材料、技術(shù)和加工方法應(yīng)該按照國家或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該清晰標(biāo)明產(chǎn)品有毒有害物質(zhì)的安全使用壽命、名稱和內(nèi)容以及回收標(biāo)志；包裝材料應(yīng)使用無毒無害、易于降解和可再生材料，其材料成分也要清楚標(biāo)示。

12.單選題

3.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heisgoingtogetmarried.

B.Heisgoingtogethisbachelor'sdegree.

C.Hewillcountonthewomanforhelp.

D.Hewillbringhisownboozetotheparty.

【答案】A

【解析】W:We’llthrowTomabachelorparty.

M:Thencountmein.

W:Great.Beatourhouseat8p.m,andbringyourownbooze.

Q:WhatistrueaboutTom?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士表示想去單身漢晚會(huì)，女士確認(rèn)了時(shí)間為晚上八點(diǎn)，并且要自帶酒水。

13.翻譯題

Humansaretheonlysurvivinghominin（人亞科原人）speciesandaredistinctfromotherhomininspeciesinouruniquecombinationofcomplexmaterialculture,socialbehavior,bodilycharacteristics,andintelligence.WewillherereferonlytoanatomicallymodernhumansorHomosapiensas“humans.”Thesearepeoplewewouldcall“people”ifweweretostandeye-to-eyewithoneofthem.Toputitanotherway,ifwetraveledbackinatimemachineto200,000yearsagowewouldprobablyrecognizetheuprightwalkingbeingsashumanbeings(eventhoughtheyprobablydidnotyetuselanguageorsymbolismlikewedo),butthereisnoguaranteethatwewouldconnectthesamewaywithanythinglivingbeforethat,notnecessarilyevenwithNeanderthalswholivedsidebysidewithsomehumanpopulationsuntil30,000yearsago.Althoughsomescientistsrefertoeverythingwithinthehumangenus(Homo)as“humans,”wewillreservethattitleforourselvesonly.

【答案】人類是唯一幸存的古人類（人亞科原人）物種，與其他古人類物種不同的是，我們獨(dú)特地結(jié)合了復(fù)雜的物質(zhì)文化、社會(huì)行為、身體特征和智力。我們?cè)谶@里只將解剖學(xué)上的現(xiàn)代人或智人稱為“人類”。如果我們和他們中的一個(gè)面對(duì)面站著，我們就會(huì)稱他們?yōu)椤叭恕薄Q句話說,如果我們乘坐時(shí)光機(jī)回到200000年前我們可能會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到作為人類直立行走的人(盡管他們可能還不像我們使用語言或象征意義)，但不能保證我們會(huì)以同樣的方式與之前的任何生物聯(lián)系在一起，甚至不一定是與尼安德特人，他們直到3萬年前還與一些人類生活在一起。雖然有些科學(xué)家把人類屬(人)的一切都稱為“人類”，但我們只把這個(gè)頭銜留給我們自己。

14.單選題

（）theyhopetogohometomorrow,theyareresignedtostayingonuntiltheendofyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Muchas

B.Muchthough

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語從句的倒裝。句意：盡管他們很希望明天就回家，但他們還是決定一直待到年底。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句表示盡管時(shí)，要將賓語或副詞倒裝，muchas表示盡管很……，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

（）theadvancesofthescience,thediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asfor

B.Despite

C.Except

D.Besides

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管科學(xué)在不斷發(fā)展，老年時(shí)期的不安感仍然未被消除。

考查介詞辨析。句子前半部分表示:科學(xué)在不斷發(fā)展，后半部分表示:老年時(shí)期的不安感仍然未被消除。因此前后部分為讓步關(guān)系，答案為B項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

Theemployermust（

）thattheapplicationsfortheposthavetheproperqualifications.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.justify

B.verify

C.warrant

D.perceive

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。justify“證明······是正當(dāng)?shù)?；替······辯護(hù)”；verify“核實(shí)；查證”；warrant“保證；擔(dān)?！?；perceive“察覺，感覺”。句意：雇主必須核實(shí)針對(duì)該崗位的申請(qǐng)都有適合的資質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家都是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。隨著全球化的發(fā)展，世界各國之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作不斷加強(qiáng)。中國擁有一個(gè)13億人口的大市場(chǎng)，會(huì)為拉動(dòng)世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供可觀的動(dòng)力。中國還要大規(guī)模開展基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，改造和提升工業(yè)企業(yè)裝備水平，還要不斷提高農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和加工能力。這些都需要在國際合作的環(huán)境中才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，各國之間不斷擴(kuò)大的經(jīng)貿(mào)和各領(lǐng)域的合作關(guān)系，有助于推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

18.單選題

Bothdog'sdietandstructureare_______tothoseofthehumanbeing,andsoithasbeenthesubjectofcountlessdemonstrationsandexperiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparable

B.comparative

C.equal

D.contrary

【答案】A

【解析】comparable比得上;comparative比較的,相當(dāng)?shù)?。句意：狗的飲食和結(jié)構(gòu)都可以與人類相比,因此它已經(jīng)成為無數(shù)演示和實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)象。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

19.單選題

Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme（）butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeby

B.comeacross

C.comeupwith

D.comeroundto

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查了詞組的辨析。comeby“經(jīng)過”；comeacross“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；comeupwith“想出”；comeroundto“改變主意”，此處只有使用詞組comeacross表示“偶然”才符合句子的語義邏輯，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：他偶然加入了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)日程計(jì)劃，但是到目前為止它還沒有一個(gè)合適的模式。

20.單選題

Terrorismprovestobeamoreseriousproblemthananticipated,anditchallengesbothpolicymakersburdenedwiththedesignofcountermeasuresandsocialscientistswhoarecalledupontoexplainitTerrorism’suniquenatureisrevealedbytwophenomena.First,publicperceptionofthreatanddangerseemstobedisproportionatetoterrorists’actualcapabilities.Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe“publicmind”;inotherwords,itisaformofpsychologicalwarfare.

Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.Onecouldargue,ofcourse,thatterrorists’abilitytosowwidespreadfearhardlyneedsproofasitisobviousthatviolenceandparticularlytheterrorists’hallmark,randomlytargetedviolence,areanxietyinducing.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatterrorismhasclaimedrelativelyfewcasualtiestodate,andthatinmostcountriestheactualprobabilityofincurringharmfromterroristicactivityisonlyafractionof,say,theriskofdeathorinjuryinvehicleaccidentsorcommoncrimes.Hence,thepowerofterrorismtointimidateshouldnotbetakenforgranted.

Intimidationandtheinductionoffeararenottheendsofterrorists’activitybutrathermeanstoeffectpoliticalchange.Theirviolenceispredicatedontwoassumptions:(a)Violentactioncanforcethecausespursuedbyterroristsintotheforefrontofanindifferentpublic’sawareness;(b)facedwiththechoicebetweencontinuingviolenceandacceptanceoftheterrorists’demands,thepublicmightoptforthelatter.Thus,theattitudesthatthetargetsofpoliticalterrorismdeveloptowarditsperpetrators,theirobjectives,andtheactionsthatoughttobeundertakenvisrd-visthemconstitutetellingmeasuresoftheeffectivenessofterrorism.

Thepresentinvestigationsoughttoassessthepsychologicalreactionsofapublicwhichhasbeenexposedforaconsiderablelengthoftimetothethreatsandactionsofterrorist.Regardingemotionalimpacts,thedatasuggestthatterrorism’sabilitytointimidate,toinduceworryandconcern,disproportionallyexceedstheactualdamageitcauses.Accordingtothedatagathered,theactualprobabilityofbeingvictimizedbyterroristactivitywasextremelylow;estimatedatlessthan1/20ofthelikelihoodofbeinghurtinaroadaccident.Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.

Thesurveyresultsindicatethatterrorismhasfailedtoproducethechangeinattitudessoughtbyitsperpetrators.Mostrespondentsfavored,instead,therelianceonextremecounterterroristmeasures.ThehardeningofIsraelisattitudestowardterroristsandtheirobjectiveswasalsorevealedbytherespondents’unanimityofopinion.Takentogether,thedataconcerningtheemotionalimpactofterrorismanditseffectsonattitudesdidnotbearouttherationalewhichgovernsterroristicaction.Despitethewidespreadconcernandworryrevealedbythesedata,therewasnoevidenceofanywillingnesstopoliticallyconcedetoterrorists.Onthecontrary,andasalreadynoted,themajorityadvocatedtheadoptionofharshmeasuresagainstterrorists.Thus,atleastinsofarasPalestinianterrorismandtheIsraelipublicareconcerned,provestobecounterproductive.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutterrorism?

2.Theauthorstatesthatinjuryordeathismorelikelytobesustainedfromautomobileaccidentsthanbyterrorism,andfromthiswecanconcludethat（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,fearofterrorismisintensifiedby

（

）.

4.Theauthorcomparespublicperceptionofthethreatofterrorismtotheriskofvehicleinjuryordeathinorderto

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sconclusions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Publicfearisinverselyaffectedbyterrorists’capacityfordestruction.

B.Resolvingtheproblemofterrorismrequirescooperationbetweengovernmentsandterrorists.

C.Terrorismincitesfearinpopulationsbesidesthattargetedandonagreaterscale.

D.Terrorismisaninevitabilityandmustbeeradicated.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.terrorismisirrelevantandmoretimeandeffortshouldbeallottedtoothersocialdemands

B.theefficacyofterrorismcanbewitnessedbytheemotionalresponseofthepublic

C.anxietyresultingfromterrorismshouldbeclinicallytreated

D.thepsychologicaleffectsofterrorismareinferiortothatofvehicleaccidents

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theseeminglyhaphazardandunsystematicattacks

B.theincreasedrisksofpersonalinjurybyterrorism

C.ever-collapsingsocialorderduetoendlessglobalterrorattacks

D.theinabilityofgovernmenttocontrolterrorism

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.furtherevaluatethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetwo

B.showthatoneismorelikelytodiefromdailyroutinesthanbyterrorism

C.revealtheinabilityofapersontoinfluencetheoutcomeofaterrorattack

D.exemplifychaostheoryandrevealtheconsequencesofeachact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheobjectivesofterroristsaremetwithpublicdisdainandasaresulttheIsraeligovernmentandIsraelishaveadoptedstringentactiontocounterterrorism.

B.TheIsraelipublicunanimouslybelievedthatthegovernmentshouldconcedetoterrorists’demands,andthegovernmentshouldadoptpoliciesinfavorofterroristsinordertoreduceviolence.

C.Terroristsshouldbepunishedstrictlyandswiftlywithlittleregardfortheterrorists’autonomywhenconcerningimprisonmentandtorture.

D.Israelipublicperceptionofterrorismhasnotchanged,andharshmeasuresforcounterterrorismmustbeadopted;however,governmentsshouldtrytoworkwithterroristgroupswhereapplicabletoreducecasualties.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。文章第一段提到“Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe‘publicmind’”，恐怖主義對(duì)目標(biāo)群體的影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于對(duì)直接受害者的影響，它是對(duì)“民心”施加影響。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。文章第二段第一句說到“Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.”由此可知恐怖主義的心理影響體現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人的情緒和態(tài)度反應(yīng)上。B選項(xiàng)表示“公眾的情緒反應(yīng)可以證明恐怖主義的效力”符合題意。

第3題:3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第四段說到“Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.”大部分人很擔(dān)心恐怖主義帶來的人身傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這加劇了恐怖主義對(duì)人們的心理影響。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。第四段最后一句說到了兩者比較“Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.”盡管交通事故比恐怖主義事件的危險(xiǎn)大得多，但司機(jī)覺得自己能控制車輛，而恐怖襲擊事件卻是不可控的。C選項(xiàng)“揭示了個(gè)人對(duì)恐怖事件的無能為力”符合題意。

第5題:5.主旨大意題。文章最后一段做出了總結(jié)，沒有證據(jù)表明會(huì)對(duì)恐怖主義做出政治讓步的意愿，大多數(shù)人主張對(duì)恐怖主義分子采取嚴(yán)厲措施。以色列對(duì)恐怖主義及其目的的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度與受訪者觀點(diǎn)一致。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

Shewasanexperiencedtravelerwhohad（

）bothAfricaandEuropeinhertwenties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.traversed

B.transferred

C.trampled

D.trespassed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形似詞辨析。traversed橫越，穿過；transferred使轉(zhuǎn)移，使調(diào)動(dòng)；trampled踐踏，無視；trespass侵占，侵入。句意：她是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的旅行者，在她二十多歲的時(shí)候就穿越了非洲和歐洲。只有A項(xiàng)符合題意，答案A

22.單選題

Maryhasjustboughtherself______dress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anexpensivebluecotton

B.acottonblueexpensive

C.ablueexpensivecotton

D.acottonexpensiveblue

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.anexpensivebluecotton一條昂貴的藍(lán)色的棉質(zhì)的B.acottonblueexpensive一條棉質(zhì)的藍(lán)色的昂貴的

C.ablueexpensivecotton一條藍(lán)色的昂貴的棉質(zhì)的D.acottonexpensiveblue一條棉質(zhì)的昂貴的藍(lán)色的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞排序。

【解題思路】英語中當(dāng)名詞前有多個(gè)形容詞做定語時(shí)，這些形容詞通常遵循一定的排序規(guī)則：限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞、數(shù)詞等）+表示觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞+形狀、大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低+年齡、新舊+顏色+國籍、地區(qū)+物質(zhì)材料+中心詞；所以這里的空格應(yīng)該填anexpensivebluecotton，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)都不符合形容詞排序規(guī)則。

【句意】瑪麗剛給自己買了一件昂貴的藍(lán)色棉質(zhì)裙子。

23.單選題

Almostalllibrariesarefindingitincreasinglydifficulttoremainwithintheir（）now.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.digest

B.budget

C.supplement

D.stocking

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。digest“文摘，摘要”；budget“預(yù)算”；supplement“增補(bǔ)品，補(bǔ)品”；stocking“長(zhǎng)筒襪”。句意：幾乎所有的圖書館現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的開支越來越難以保持在預(yù)算之內(nèi)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

24.單選題

Theproposedchangeinthefederalestatetax,inthedealworkedoutwithPresidentObamaandCongressionalRepublicans,hasramificationsfortheCaliforniaestatetax.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outcome

B.projections

C.recommendations

D.prospects

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)outcome“結(jié)果，結(jié)局；成果”；B選項(xiàng)projections“投射；規(guī)劃；突出；發(fā)射；推測(cè)”；C選項(xiàng)recommendations“推薦；建議；推薦信”；D選項(xiàng)prospects“前景；預(yù)期；潛在顧客；遠(yuǎn)景展望”。句意：根據(jù)與奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和國會(huì)共和黨人達(dá)成的協(xié)議，聯(lián)邦遺產(chǎn)稅的擬議修改對(duì)加州遺產(chǎn)稅有影響。ramifications“衍生物；分支，分叉；支流；（衍生的）結(jié)果、影響”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Theexaminationquestiontotallyperplexedher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fascinated

B.confused

C.enlightened

D.saddened

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)fascinated“著迷的；被深深吸引的”；B選項(xiàng)confused“困惑的；混亂的；糊涂的”；C選項(xiàng)enlightened“開明的；文明的；有知識(shí)的；覺悟的”；D選項(xiàng)saddened“難過的；悲傷的”。句意：考題把她完全難住了。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞question（問題），得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Itisafactthattheoldsuperstitiousbeliefsstill______overthepeople’smindinsomecountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grip

B.hover

C.holdsways

D.control

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)grip“緊握，夾緊”，B項(xiàng)hover“盤旋，翱翔，徘徊”，C項(xiàng)holdsways“支配，統(tǒng)治”，D項(xiàng)control“控制”。根據(jù)句子意思“這是一個(gè)事實(shí)，舊的迷信仍然……一些國家的人們的頭腦”可知，空格處填入C項(xiàng)最符合語境。句意：這是事實(shí)，在一些國家，舊的迷信仍然支配著人們的思想。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

AmItounderstandthathisnewpost（）noresponsibilitywithitatall?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.keeps

B.supports

C.carries

D.possesses

【答案】C

【解析】常用搭配。carryresponsibility為常用搭配,意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

28.單選題

IdeasabouteducationarechangingintheUnitedStates.Educationtodayisnotjustahighschooldiplomaoracollegedegree.Manyadultsarenotinterestedingoingtocollege.Theyareinterestedinotherkindsoflearning.Forthem,learningdoesnotendwithadiploma.

Continuingeducationgivestheseadultstheopportunitytoincreasetheirknowledgeabouttheirownfieldortolearnaboutanewfield.Italsogivesthemachancetoimprovetheiroldskillsortolearnnewones.

Secretaries,mechanics,andbarberscantakeclassestoimprovetheirworkskills.Nursescantakeclassestoincreasetheirknowledgeofnursing.Iftheyknowmoreorlearnmore,thentheycangetabetterjoborearnmoremoney.

Continuingeducationclassesgivesomeadultsthechancetolearnnewskills.Thereisusuallyalargevarietyofclassestochoosefrom,typing,foreigncooking,photography,autorepair,furniturerepair,orswimming.Theseareonlysomeoftheclassesavailable.

Someadultstakeclassesforfunorbecausetheclasswillbeusefulforthem.Forexample,theycanchooseaclassinalmostanylanguage,Chinese,SpanishorEnglishasasecondlanguage.Thereareclassesinfirstaidorclassesinsewing.Therearealsomanyothertypesofclassestochoosefrom.

Otheradultstakecontinuingeducationclassestoimprovetheirownlivesbecausetheywanttofeelbetteraboutthemselves.Overweightpeoplecanfindexerciseclassesorclassesinnutrition.Otherscanlearnhowtobegoodparents,orhowtogetalongwithotherpeople.Therearemanyopportunitiesforadultstocontinuetheirlearning.Almostanycommunitycollegeorpublicschoolsystemhasacontinuingeducationprogram.Thereareclassesinschools,communitybuildings,orchurches.Mostclassesareintheevening,soworkingpeoplecanattend.Theclassesareusuallysmall,andtheyareinexpensive.

Thousandsofpeopleregisterforcontinuingeducationclasseseachyear.Theyreceivenodiplomaorcertificate,andnogradeformostoftheclassestheyattend.Forthem,learningissomethingtheydobecausetheywantto.

1.Lotsofpeopleattendcontinuingeducationclassesbecause（

）.

2.Someadultstakelessonsoftypingorautorepairto（

）.

3.What’sthemainideaofPara.7?

4.Attendingcontinuingeducationclasses（

）.

5