考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

ItissometimesclaimedthatAmericaisa_______potofdifferentraces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.burning

B.burnt

C.melting

D.melted

【答案】C

【解析】句意：有人說美國(guó)是不同種族的大熔爐。meltingpot為常用搭配,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.單選題

Withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s,andthattalentisinevenshortersupply.Computerscienceenrollmentsareatanall-timelow;baby-boomerworkersareretiringandtakingallofthatlegacy—systemsknowledgewiththem;andSiliconValleyishotagain.Wouldthatyoung,brilliantdeveloperratherjointhenextZyngaorupgradethepayrollsystemsatyourinsurancecompany?

Twoweeksago,IaskedtheITexecutivereadershipofmyweeklynewsletter,TheHellerReport,toanswerthequestion:Ifyouhadamagicwand,whichonetalentproblemwouldyousolve?Responsespouredinandaddressedchallengesaroundrecruiting,developingleaders,andretainingthetalentthattheycurrentlyhave.Butmorethan70percentofreaderswouldusetheirmagicwandtodoonlyonething:givebusinessskillstotheirtechnologists.Theirpeople,theyworry,aresonarrowlyfocusedonthetechnologythattheyfailtoseetheforestforthetrees.Theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.

Thislackofbusiness-savvytechnologytalentisaseriousproblemforeverycompanythatreliesontechnologytoexist(whichis,ofcourse,everycompany).Thosebeautifully“blendedexecutives,”whocantalktechnologyinonemeetingandcantalkbusinessinanother,arerarebirds.Yetwithtechnologymovingdirectlyintotherevenuestreamofyourcompany,youneedthem,andyourneedisonlygoingtoincrease.

Oneoptionistospendallofyourtimeandmoneyonrecruitingblendedexecutivesfromtheoutside.Youwillbeinheatedcompetitionwitheveryothercompanyinyourmarket,andifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.Youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.Herearesomeideas:

Buildarotationalprogram.EncourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourCIOandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesITpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.Thiskindofprogramisnoteasy,withyourCIOhavingtosurvivewithoutatrustedITleaderforaperiodoftime,butthelong-termresultofagoodrotationalprogramcanbetremendous.Itmaywellbeworththeinvestment.

Involveyourbusinessleaders.Ifarotationalprogramistoomuchtotakeonrightnow,buildaleadershipdevelopmentprogramforITthatinvolvesyourbusinessexecutives.EncourageyourCIOtoinvitetheheadsofyourmajorbusinessunitstomeetregularlywiththeseniorITteamtoeducatethemontheirbusinessarea.Andbesurethatyou,CFO,arespendingenoughtimewithIT.Usethatinteractiontochipawayatthelong-standingwallthatoftenexistsbetweenthebusinessandIT.

1.CompaniesareingreaterneedoftechnologytalentNOTbecauseof（）.

2.ThemainideaofParagraph2isthat（）.

3.Thephrase“recruitingfunction”underlinedinParagraph4refersto（）.

4.Ifacompanydoesn’thaveenoughtimeandmoneytohireexecutivesitneeds,itshould（）.

5.ArotationalprogramDOESN’Tinvolve（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theaccumulationofmoredata

B.theneedtoserveconsumers

C.therisingdemandforcloudcomputation

D.thedevelopmentofmedicalindustry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.profounddiscussionisrequired

B.ITemployeesshouldbebusiness-savvy

C.technologysupportisexpected

D.therearechallengesinrecruitingdevelopers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.recruitmentofaparticularfirm

B.thefunctionalityofrecruitment

C.competitiverecruitmentstrategy

D.employmentofITworkersforacertainemployer

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.achievelong-termresults

B.deviseatrainingprogram

C.participateinheatedcompetition

D.callonallbusinessleaders

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.blendedITexecutives

B.CIO

C.CEO

D.allbusinessleaders

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：公司特別需要技術(shù)人才不是因?yàn)開______。通過題干定位到文章第一段的第一句話Withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s.（隨著云計(jì)算、移動(dòng)性、大數(shù)據(jù)和消費(fèi)化，企業(yè)比上世紀(jì)90年代末更需要技術(shù)人才。），A選項(xiàng)“更多數(shù)據(jù)的累積”，對(duì)應(yīng)“大數(shù)據(jù)”，B選項(xiàng)“服務(wù)消費(fèi)者的需要”，對(duì)應(yīng)“消費(fèi)化”，C選項(xiàng)“云計(jì)算需求的增加”，對(duì)應(yīng)“云計(jì)算”，只有D選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展”，在文中并沒有提及，所以本題應(yīng)該選D選項(xiàng)。

2.主旨大意題。題干：第二段的中心思想是________。根據(jù)第二段的主要內(nèi)容“如果你有根魔杖，你會(huì)解決哪一個(gè)人才問題？70%的讀者的選擇是把商業(yè)技能傳授給他們的技術(shù)人員”，所以B選項(xiàng)“IT員工應(yīng)該具有商業(yè)頭腦”符合題意。文中最后一句提到Theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.（他們不了解其技術(shù)工作的業(yè)務(wù)環(huán)境，也不能與業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者就其技術(shù)支持進(jìn)行有意義的討論。），由此可知，和業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者進(jìn)行深入的討論是包括在商業(yè)技能里面的，所以A選項(xiàng)“需要深入的討論”不正確，C選項(xiàng)“期待技術(shù)支持”和D選項(xiàng)“在招聘開發(fā)者方面存在一些挑戰(zhàn)”都是想要解決的問題之一，但不是中心思想。綜上所述，該題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.語義推測(cè)題。題干：文中第四段的劃線部分“recruitingfunction”指的是_______。第四段中提到ifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.Youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.Herearesomeideas：（如果你的recruitingfunction對(duì)你來說不是一件有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的武器，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一場(chǎng)失敗的戰(zhàn)斗中。你最好發(fā)展自身，以下是一些建議：），緊接著第五，第六段提出一些建議。所以recruitingfunction在這里指的是“有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的招聘策略”，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“特定公司的招聘”，B選項(xiàng)“招聘的功能”，D選項(xiàng)“為某個(gè)雇主雇傭IT工人”，均不是對(duì)recruitingfunction正確的解釋。綜上所述，該題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：如果一家公司沒有足夠的時(shí)間和資金來聘請(qǐng)它所需要的高管，那么它應(yīng)該_________。文章第五段和第六段提到的兩個(gè)建議，第一個(gè)是Buildarotationalprogram（建立一個(gè)輪換計(jì)劃），第二個(gè)是Involveyourbusinessleaders（讓你的商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖參與進(jìn)來），由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“號(hào)召所有的商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“取得長(zhǎng)期結(jié)果”，在文中并未提及，排除A選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“制定培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃”，文中第六段提到的輪換計(jì)劃指的是將IT人員輪換到業(yè)務(wù)的不同職能的程序，和B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不相符，排除B選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)“參加激烈的比賽”，在文中并未提及，排除C選項(xiàng)。所以本題應(yīng)該選擇D選項(xiàng)。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：輪換制度不包括________。由關(guān)鍵詞“rotationalprogram”定位到文章第五段EncourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourCIOandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesITpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.（鼓勵(lì)您的人力資源主管與您的CIO和其他一些業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)合作，建立一個(gè)將IT人員輪換到業(yè)務(wù)的不同職能的程序。），由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“所有商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖”，不正確，所以本題選擇D選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)“混合IT高管”，B選項(xiàng)“CIO”均在第五段中提到，C選項(xiàng)“CEO”在第六段中提到“businessexecutives”，綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Manyoldhouseshavebeen（

）inorderthatnewbigbuildingsmaybebuilt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leveled

B.collapsed

C.demolished

D.felled

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。level“使同等；對(duì)準(zhǔn)；弄平”；collapse“倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物動(dòng)詞，無被動(dòng)形式；demolish“拆除；破壞”；fell“砍伐；打倒；擊倒”。句意：為了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Canyou（）thetruthofhisstatement?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.refuse

C.decline

D.reject

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。deny“否認(rèn)”，否認(rèn)事實(shí)的真實(shí)性，refuse“拒絕”，decline“婉拒”，語氣沒那么強(qiáng)，reject“拒絕，排斥”，語氣更強(qiáng)，不采納別人的意見。句意：你能否認(rèn)這個(gè)陳述的真實(shí)性嗎？選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Theplotofthenovel（

）theeconomicdevelopmentofthevillage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evolveswith

B.emergesfrom

C.blendswith

D.attachesto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。evolvewith意為“隨……進(jìn)化”；emergefrom意為“（從……）露出，浮現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生于”；blendwith意為“與……協(xié)調(diào)或和諧”；attachto意為“依附，附屬與，喜愛”。

句意：小說情節(jié)隨著村落經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展而演變。

6.單選題

Undertheterm“services”（）togethermiscellaneousactivitieswithlittleincommonexceptotherthanagriculture,extractiveindustries,utilitiesandmanufacturing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lump

B.tolump

C.islumped

D.arelumped

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。介詞短語位于句首，句子用部分倒裝，所以選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。根據(jù)句子的主語“miscellaneousactivities”為復(fù)數(shù)，所以為了保持主謂一致，be動(dòng)詞選用復(fù)數(shù)形式are，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Fromthismaterialwecan（）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.derive

B.discern

C.diminish

D.displace

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)derive“源自，獲得”；B選項(xiàng)discern“覺察出，識(shí)別”；C選項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”；D選項(xiàng)displace“取代”。根據(jù)句意：我們能夠從這個(gè)材料中數(shù)百個(gè)你稱之為直接產(chǎn)品的東西。根據(jù)介詞短語fromthismaterial可知，這里應(yīng)該是表示來源并且能夠與介詞from搭配，所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合要求。

8.單選題

Hereyoumayselecttheonewhichismosttoyourtaste,andyouareevenallowedto（）thembeforecomingtoadecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.auction

B.sample

C.enforce

D.wrap

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。auction“拍賣，競(jìng)賣”；sample“品嘗，體驗(yàn)”；enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)迫”；wrap“包，纏繞”。句意：在這里你可以選擇最合你口味的，在做決定之前，你甚至可以品嘗他們。由“mosttoyourtaste”可知這里提及的是一種食物，然后可推知在決定購(gòu)買之前可以品嘗。故B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmaimersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotgoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcoolheadedandgoodtemperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedrivewhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadsmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion，（

）

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog…therule”(Para.1)impliesthat

3.Whatwouldmostprobablyhappennowadayswhenyoushowpolitenesstootherdriversonroad?

4.Theexamplesinthethirdparagraphareusedtoillustrate（

）.

5.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcarownershipexplosion，（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristtodaycannottolerateimpolitedrivers

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldshowpolitenesstoyouinversely.

B.Theywouldshowthankfulnesstoyou.

C.Theywouldjustdriveonasnothinghashappened.

D.Theywouldmakewayforyoureadily.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itispolitefordriverstoletchildrenandtheoldtocrosstheroadfirst

B.thepolitenessshowninthewrongmomentcanleadtodangers

C.itisdangeroustoallowacartoemergefromasidestreettofollowtraffic

D.driversshouldrecognizeother’spolitenessattherightmoment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段提出交通狀況與司機(jī)的態(tài)度之間的關(guān)系。第二段指出司機(jī)應(yīng)該禮貌并且對(duì)他人的禮貌做出回應(yīng)，這樣才能創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)好的行車氣氛。第三段作者話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)提到錯(cuò)誤的禮貌是危險(xiǎn)的并且舉例說明如何危險(xiǎn)。第四段作者號(hào)召司機(jī)正確考慮公路禮儀問題了。選項(xiàng)B“司機(jī)應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂霉范Y儀”，符合題意。

2.文章原句Youmighttoleratetheoddroadhog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadays

thewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.你可以忍受那些奇怪自私、粗魯、不顧及他人的司機(jī)，但是現(xiàn)在那些好教養(yǎng)的司機(jī)反而是不多見的。選項(xiàng)D“如今沒有禮貌的司機(jī)占絕大部分”，與作者的描述一致，符合題意。

3.文章第二段主要講關(guān)于回應(yīng)公路禮貌的問題，最后一句manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit“現(xiàn)在很多司機(jī)當(dāng)他們看到別人的禮貌時(shí)無法認(rèn)出”。選項(xiàng)C“他們會(huì)當(dāng)沒這回事直接開車走人”符合題意。

4.文章第三段的例子是為了證明錯(cuò)誤的行車禮儀是危險(xiǎn)的（however,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous）。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers“很多年前專家就告誡我們擁有汽車的人數(shù)激增需要汽車使用者的讓步”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Thenotionthatinanimateobjectsaresubjecttotheirownexperiencemaysoundabsurd;anditis.However,thereasontodismissitisnotintuition—conditionedasthelatterisbyunexaminedculturalassumptions—butsimplelogic.（1）

Yousee,themovementfrom“consciousnessistheintrinsicnatureofthephysicalworld”to“subatomicparticlesareconscious”reliesonaflawedlogicalbridge:itattributestothatwhichexperiencesastructurediscernibleonlyintheexperienceitself.

Theconceptofsubatomicparticlesismotivatedbyexperimentswhoseoutcomesareaccessibletousonlyintheformofconsciousperception.（2）

Evenwhendelicateinstrumentationisused,theoutputofthisinstrumentationisonlyavailabletousasperception.Thoseexperimentsshowthattheimagesonthescreenofperceptioncanbedividedupintoever-smallerelements,untilwereachalimit.Atthislimit,wefindthesmallestdiscernibleconstituentsoftheimages,whicharethusakintopixels.Assuch,subatomicparticlesarethe“pixels”ofexperience,notnecessarilyoftheexperiencer.Thelatterdoesnotfollowfromtheformer.

（3）Therefore,thatlivingbodiesaremadeofsubatomicparticlesdoesnotnecessarilysayanythingaboutthestructureoftheexperiencer:abodyisitselfanimageonthescreenofperceptionandsowillnecessarilybe“pixelated”insofarasitisperceived.Suchpixilationreflectstheidiosyncrasiesofthescreenofperception,notnecessarilythestructureofthesubjectitself.Asananalogy,thepixelatedimageofapersononatelevisionscreenreflectstheidiosyncrasiesofthetelevisionscreen;itdoesnotmeanthatthepersonherselfismadeupofpixels.

Ithussubmitthatconsciousnessisindeedtheintrinsicnatureofthephysicalworld,butsubatomicparticlesandotherinanimateobjectsarenotconscioussubjects.（4）

Afterall,asFreyaMatthewspointedout,theboundariesofinanimateobjectsaremerelynominal—wheredoestheriverstopandtheoceanbegin?Whereasthoseofconscioussubjectsareunambiguouslydeterminedby,forinstance,therangeofthesubjects'internalperceptions.Soinanimateobjectscannotbeconscioussubjects.

Withinanimateobjectsexcluded,onlylivingorganismsandtheinanimateuniverseasawholecanbeconscioussubjects.Thisway,asalivingnervoussystemistheextrinsicappearanceofanorganism'sinnerexperiences,sotheinanimateuniverseasawholeistheextrinsicappearanceofuniversalinnerexperiences.Circumstantially,theinanimateuniverseatitslargestscaleshasindeedbeenfoundtostructurallyresembleanervoussystem.（5）

Underthisview,thereisnothingitfeelsliketobeaspoonorastone,forthesamereasonthatthereisnothingitfeelsliketobe—atleastasfarasyoucanassessthroughintrospection—oneofyourneuronsinandofitself.Thereisonlysomethingitfeelsliketobeyournervoussystemasawhole—thatis,you.Analogously,thereisonlysomethingitfeelsliketobetheinanimateuniverseasawhole.

【答案】1.仔細(xì)想想，從“意識(shí)是物理世界的本質(zhì)”到“亞原子粒子有自由意志”的轉(zhuǎn)變建立在一個(gè)有瑕疵的邏輯之上。這種有瑕疵的邏輯屬于那種體驗(yàn)者，它將本身視作一種只有在體驗(yàn)中才能辨別的結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.即使（在實(shí)驗(yàn)中）我們使用了精密的儀器，但儀器的輸出結(jié)果也只能通過感知的方式獲取。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，我們的感知之屏上放映的圖像可以進(jìn)一步分化成更小的成分，直到不可再分。

3.因此，生命體是由亞原子粒子構(gòu)成，這并不一定說明了體驗(yàn)者的結(jié)構(gòu)。一個(gè)身體本身就是感知屏幕上的一個(gè)圖像，因此只要它被感知到，就必然會(huì)被“像素化”。

4.畢竟，正如弗萊婭?馬修斯所指出的那樣，無生命物體的邊界只是象征性的——河流止于何處，海洋源于何處?而那些有意識(shí)的主體的界限則是明確的，可以由主體的內(nèi)部感知范圍確定。

5.以這種觀點(diǎn)看，沒有勺子或石頭的內(nèi)在體驗(yàn)，同樣，你的神經(jīng)元本身也不具有什么內(nèi)在體驗(yàn)，至少你通過自省就可以察覺到。

11.單選題

Conversely,it（）thatapparentlysimilardomainsmakeradicallydifferentuseofthoseconstituentwordsandhencedemonstrateextremelydifferentcollocationalpatterns.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transpired

B.istranspired

C.maytranspire

D.maybetranspired

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。transpire在本題中作不及物動(dòng)詞，意思為“發(fā)生”，不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。又根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞不需要用過去式，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

AlthoughIhadbeeninvitedtotheopeningceremony,Iwasunabletoattend________suchshortnotice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.with

D.on

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：盡管我被邀請(qǐng)去參加了開幕式，但是我沒能夠參加。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞suchshortnotice，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知考查點(diǎn)是固定搭配——onsuchshortnotice“剛約就要見（沒有給對(duì)方充裕的時(shí)間）”，所以答案選D。attendto是“照顧，處理”的意思，代入句子中間不符合邏輯。

13.單選題

Therehasbeennothingmoreastonishingintheprogressofwarwhichisreallytheapplicationofthemechanicsofforcetohumannature（

）

thepositionthatpublicopinionoccupies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.to

C.than

D.better

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。nothingmore...than...意思為“沒有什么比……更加……”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后面是名詞“position位置”，而前面有nothingmore出現(xiàn)，再結(jié)合上下文意思，故推斷選項(xiàng)C為最佳答案。句意為：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)實(shí)際上是武力作用于人性，在這個(gè)過程中，沒有什么比公眾輿論占據(jù)的地位更讓人吃驚的了。

14.單選題

Thoughtherearehundredsoftestpapers,Icanpickhisoutwithouthesitation,forhishandwritingisquite（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manifest

B.separate

C.distinct

D.obvious

【答案】C

【解析】句意：盡管有好幾百?gòu)堅(jiān)嚲?但我可以毫不猶豫地找出他的試卷,因?yàn)樗墓P跡很獨(dú)特。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

15.單選題

Itwasreportedthattheproject（

）bytheendofthismonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbecompleted

B.wouldhavebeencompleted

C.wouldhavecompleted

D.willhavebeencompleted

【答案】B

【解析】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，該項(xiàng)目將于本月底完成。根據(jù)was和by+時(shí)間可知，這里應(yīng)該用would+過去完成時(shí)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和D；項(xiàng)目是被完成，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

16.單選題

A[A]technicalviewofanewinventionsometimes[B]differfrom[C]aneconomic[D]perspective.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.technical

B.differ

C.an

D.perspective

【答案】B

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】主謂一致。

【解題思路】句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)Atechnicalview（技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)），因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式differs。該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【句意】對(duì)一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明的技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)有時(shí)與經(jīng)濟(jì)觀點(diǎn)不同。

17.單選題

Sheisavery（

）student.She’salwaystalkingabouttravelingtoouterspace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginary

B.imaginative

C.imaginable

D.imagining

【答案】B

【解析】考察形似形容詞詞義辨析。imaginary“虛構(gòu)的，假想的”；imaginative“富于想象的，有創(chuàng)造力的”；imaginable“可能的，可想象的”；imagining是image的動(dòng)名詞形式。句意：她是一個(gè)富有想象力的學(xué)生。她總是談?wù)撽P(guān)于在外太空漫游的事。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.單選題

SomeofthismeatcamefromCanada.Howabout（

）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.another

B.others

C.theother

D.therest

【答案】D

【解析】考查不可數(shù)名詞的指代。meat是不可數(shù)名詞，前面三個(gè)選項(xiàng)一般用來知道可數(shù)名詞，所以不符合題意。選項(xiàng)D既可以指代可數(shù)名詞，也可以指代不可數(shù)名詞，符合題意。句意：這里一部分肉來自加拿大，那剩下的呢？

19.單選題

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sheer

B.total

C.integral

D.perfect

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sheer意為“完全的，純粹的，十足的”；total意為“總計(jì)的”；integral意為“完整的”；perfect意為“完美的”。

句意：純粹是為了報(bào)復(fù)，他竭力抹黑她的人格，詆毀她的名譽(yù)。

20.單選題

SectionA

Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.

SectionB

Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere“l(fā)imitstogrowth”.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.

SectionC

However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.Inthesameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy.

SectionD

Althoughthelanguageof“rights”sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognizedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealthcareresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.Thestatehasnoobligationtoprovideahealth-caresystemitself,buttoensurethatsuchasystemisprovided.Putanotherway,basichealth-careisnowrecognizedasa“publicgood”,ratherthana“privategood”thatoneisexpectedtobuyforoneself.Asthe1976declarationoftheWorldHealthOrganizationputit:“Theenjoymentofthehighestattainablestandardofhealthisoneofthefundamentalrightsofeveryhumanbeingwithoutdistinctionofrace,religion,politicalbelief,economicorsocialcondition.”Ashasjustbeenremarked,inaliberalsocietybasichealthisseenasoneoftheindispensableconditionsfortheexerciseofpersonalautonomy.

SectionE

Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderlypeoplearenowmajor(andrelativelyveryexpensive)consumersofhealth-careresources.ThusinOECDcountriesasawhole,healthcostsincreasedfrom3.8%ofGDPin1960to7%ofGDPin1980,andithasbeenpredictedthattheproportionofhealthcoststoGDPwillcontinuetoincrease.(IntheUSthecurrentfigureisabout12%ofGDP,andinAustraliaabout7.8%ofGDP.)

Asaconsequence,duringthe1980sakindofdoomsdayscenario(analogoustosimilardoomsdayextrapolationsaboutenergyneedsandfossilfuelsoraboutpopulationincreases)wasprojectedbyhealthadministrator,economistsandpoliticians.Inthisscenario,ever-risinghealthcostswerematchedagainststaticordecliningresources.

1.Personallibertyandindependencehaveneverbeenregardedasdirectlylinkedtohealth-care.

2.Health-carecametobeseenasarightataboutthesametimethatthelimitsofhealth-careresourcesbecameevident.

3.InOECDcountriespopulationchangeshavehadanimpactonhealth-carecostsinrecentyears.

4.OECDgovernmentshaveconsistentlyunderestimatedthelevelofhealth-careprovisionneeded.

5.Inmosteconomicallydevelopedcountriestheelderlywillhavetomakespecialprovisionfortheirhealth-careinthefuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)SectionC中第二句，“Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.”，同教育、政治和法律程序和機(jī)構(gòu)、公共秩序、通訊、運(yùn)輸和貨幣供應(yīng)一樣，醫(yī)療保健被視為人民行使其作為自主人的其他權(quán)利所必需的基本社會(huì)設(shè)施之一?？膳袛喑鰝€(gè)人自由和獨(dú)立與醫(yī)療保健是有聯(lián)系的。所以表述與原文不符合，答案為“NO”。

2.根據(jù)SectionE中第一句，“Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.”，就在醫(yī)療保健資源明顯不能滿足人們要求的時(shí)候，他們要求國(guó)家滿足他們獲得醫(yī)療保健的基本權(quán)利?？膳袛喑鲠t(yī)療保健被視為一項(xiàng)權(quán)利的同時(shí)，醫(yī)療保健資源的限制也變得很明顯，表述正確，答案為“YES”。

3.根據(jù)SectionE中第二句，“Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchanges…”，導(dǎo)致目前對(duì)醫(yī)療保健資源分配的關(guān)注的第二組更具體的變化源于大多數(shù)經(jīng)合發(fā)組織國(guó)家醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的急劇增加，同時(shí)還伴隨著大規(guī)模的人口和社會(huì)變化，可判斷出近年來，經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家的人口變化對(duì)醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用帶來了影響，表述正確。答案為“YES”。

4.文中沒有提及“經(jīng)合組織各國(guó)政府低估了所需的醫(yī)療保健水平”這一問題，故答案為“NOTGIVEN”。

5.文中沒有提及“在大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，老年人將來必須為他們的保健做特別的準(zhǔn)備”這一問題，故答案為“NOTGIVEN”。

21.單選題

Lifeinsurancereflectsoneofthebestpartsofhumanbeings,caringforothers.Onebuyslifeinsurancebecauseheorshelovestheirspouseandchildren.Therearebenefitswhilelivingbuttherealreasonistomakesureothersarefinanciallytakencareof.

OneofthefirstrecordsoflifeinsurancewasinRome.There,groupscametogethercalledburialclubs.Theseweresetupbythepoortopayforthefuneralsofthemembersandtohelpthesurvivingfamilymembersfinancially.Themiddleageshadassociatio