考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

oncerningspeculation,philosophylooksuponthingsfromthebroadestpossibleperspective;forcriticism,ithasthetwofoldroleofquestioningandjudgingeverythingthatpertainseithertothefoundationsortothesuperstructureofhumanthinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inebriates

B.forsakes

C.relates

D.emaciates

【答案】C

【解析】Pertain作為后半句的定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，后面有to與之相搭配。選項(xiàng)中常與to搭配的只有relate。A選項(xiàng)inebriate“灌醉，使陶醉”；B選項(xiàng)forsake“放棄，斷念”；C選項(xiàng)relate“有聯(lián)系，涉及”；D選項(xiàng)emaciate“使消瘦”。從句意上來(lái)說(shuō)，也只有C選項(xiàng)relate相符合。

2.單選題

Thecommitteeis（

）adecisionfromtheheadquartersbeforeittakesanyaction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.waiting

B.awaitingfor

C.awaiting

D.anticipating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。wait“等候”；awaitfor這個(gè)詞組不常見(jiàn)；await“等候”；anticipate“預(yù)期；期望”。句意：采取任何行動(dòng)之前，委員會(huì)正在等待總部的一個(gè)決定。wait后面要接一個(gè)介詞for再加等待的對(duì)象；await可以直接接賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Stemcellsare（

）cellswiththeabilitytodivideanddevelopintomanyotherkindsofcells.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infertile

B.juvenile

C.mobile

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.infertile不育的B.juvenile青少年的；幼稚的

C.mobile可移動(dòng)的；易變的D.versatile通用的；多功能的；萬(wàn)能的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】干細(xì)胞是具有……的細(xì)胞，能產(chǎn)生出其他多種細(xì)胞。由本句后半句“能產(chǎn)生出其他多種細(xì)胞”可知干細(xì)胞是具有產(chǎn)生多功能的細(xì)胞。所以D選項(xiàng)“通用的；多功能的”符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】干細(xì)胞是一種多功能細(xì)胞，具有分裂和發(fā)育成許多其他類型細(xì)胞的能力。

4.單選題

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlifeandworkingfrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.

Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstressandsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsofunusualdifficulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwemakechoicebetween“flightorfight”andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicesmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinuedexposuretostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdiseaseshaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives—itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould,weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.

1.Peoplearefindinglessandlesstimetorelaxthemselvesbecause______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanagerishis______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Inparagraph2,“suchareaction”refersbackto______.

5.Inthelastsentenceofthearticle,“doso”refersto______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselves

B.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealth

C.theyaretravelingfastallthetime

D.theyarebecomingbusierwiththeirwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.notfearingstress

B.knowingtheartofrelaxation

C.highsenseofresponsibility

D.havingcontroloverperformance

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Wecanfindsomewaystoremovestress.

B.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeople.

C.Itiseasytochangethehabitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.

D.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountofstress.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.“makingachoicebetween?flightorfight'”

B.“reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically”

C.“respondingtocrisesquickly”

D.“l(fā)osingheartatthesignsofdifficulties”

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.“exposeourselvestostress”

B.“findwaystodealwithstress”

C.“removestressfromourlives”

D.“establishlinksbetweendiseasesandstress”

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlifeandworkingfrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.”，可知因?yàn)槊τ诠ぷ?，所以生活很難慢下來(lái)，也就沒(méi)有時(shí)間放松自我。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Somepeoplearenotafraidofstressandsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.”，可是不怕壓力是作為一個(gè)管理者的主要品質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.”，一個(gè)人能承受的壓力是因人而異的，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.”，可知當(dāng)面對(duì)各種形式的壓力時(shí)，我們會(huì)產(chǎn)生生理和化學(xué)反應(yīng)，所以下文的reaction就是指這種反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives—itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould,”，可知我們不能消除生活中的壓力，即使可以這樣做，也是不明智。所以這里是指消除壓力這件事。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

（

）inIndia,thebananawasbroughttotheAmericasbythePortuguesewhofounditinAfrica.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Originallycultivated

B.Originallybeingcultivated

C.Havingoriginallycultivated

D.Althoughitoriginallycultivated

【答案】A

【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞的用法。句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)thebanana，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知cultivate是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，其與thebanana的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)C與D可以排除。主句中用的時(shí)態(tài)是was過(guò)去時(shí)，因此可以排除選項(xiàng)B。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Predictingthefutureisalwaysrisky.Butit’sprobablysafetosaythatatleastafewhistorianswillonedayspeakofthe20th-centuryasAmerica’s“DisneyEra.”Today,it’scertainlydifficulttothinkofanyothersinglethingthatrepresentsmodemAmericaaspowerfullyasthecompanythatcreatedMickeyMouse.Globally,brandslikeCoca-ColaandMcDonaldsmaybemorewidely-known,butneitherencapsulates20th-centuryAmericainquitethesamewayasDisney.

ThereasonsforDisney’ssuccessarevariedandnumerous,butultimatelythecreditbelongs

tooneperson—themanwhocreatedthecartoonandbuiltthecompanyfromnothing,WaltDisney.Ironicallyhecouldnotdrawparticularlywell.Buthewasageniusinplentyofotherrespects.Inbusiness,hisgreatestskillswerehisinsightandhismanagementability.AftersettinghimselfupinHollywood,hesingle-handedlypioneeredtheconceptsofbrandingandmerchandising—somethinghiscompanystilldoesbrilliantlytoday.

ButwhatreallydistinguishedDisneywashisabilitytoidentifywithhisaudiences.Disneyalwaysmadesurehisfilmschampionedthe“l(fā)ittleguy,”andmadehimfeelproudtobeAmerican.Thisheachievedbycreatingcharactersthatreflectedthehopesandfearsoftheordinarypeople.SomecelebratedAmericanachievements—Disney’sveryfirstcartoonPlaneCrazy,featuringasilentMickeyhouse,wasinspiredbyCharlesLindbergh’sflightacrosstheAtlantic.Others,likethethreelittlePigsandSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarves,showedhow,throughhardworkandhelpingone’sfellowman,ordinaryAmericanscouldsurvivesocialandeconomiccrisesliketheGreatDepression.

Disney’sothergreatvirtuewasthefactthathiscompany—unlikeotherbigcorporations—hadahumanface.HisHollywoodstudio—thepublicheard—operatedjustlikeademocracy,whereeveryonewasonfirst-nametermsandhadasayinhowthingsshouldberun.HewasalsoregardedasagreatpatriotbecausenotonlydidhiscartoonscelebrateAmerica,but,duringWorldWarII,hisstudiosmadetrainingfilmsforAmericansoldiers.

Thereality,ofcourse,waslessidyllic.Asthepublicwouldlaterlearn,Disney’spatriotismhadanunpleasantside.Afterastrikebycartoonistsin1941,hebecameconvincedthatHollywoodhadbeeninfiltratedbyCommunists.HeagreedtoworkfortheFBIasamole（間諜）,identifyingandspyingoncolleagueswhomhesuspectedweresubversives.

But,apartfromhisaffiliationswiththeFBI,Disneywasmoreorlessthegenuinearticle.Anewbook,TheMagicKingdom:WaltDisneyandtheAmericanWayofLife,byStevenWatts,confirmsthathewasverydefinitelyonthesideofordinaryAmericans―inthe30sand40shevotedforFranklinRoosevelt,believinghewasachampionoftheworkers.Also,DisneywasnotanapologistfortheFBI,assomehavesuggested.Infact,hewasalwayssuspiciousoflarge,bureaucraticorganizations,asisevidencedinfilmslikeThatDarnedCat,inwhichheportrayedFBIagentsasbunglingincompetents.

Bythetimehediedin1966,WaltDisneywasaniconlikeThomasEdisonandtheWrightBrothers.Tobusinesspeopleandfilmmakers,hewasarolemodel;tothepublicatlarge,hewas“UncleWalt”一themanwhohadentertainedthemalltheirlives,themanwhorepresentedallthatwasgoodaboutAmerica.

Inthe30yearssincehisdeath,notmuchhaschanged.In1986,hewasattackedasaMcCarthyist,asupporterofbigbusiness,andapurveyorof“sub-literate”entertainment.However,noneofithasmadeanydifferencetothegeneralpublic.TheirloyaltytoUncleWaltremainsasstrongasever.

1.WaltDisneyisbelievedtopossessthefollowingabilitiesEXCEPT（

）.

2.WaltDisneybecameaniconafterhisdeathnotbecause

（

）.

3.Inthesixthparagraphthesentence“Disneywasmoreorlessthegenuinearticle”means

that

（

）.

4.Thewriter’sattitudetowardWaltDisneycanbestbedescribedas

（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthepleasantsideofDisney’spatriotism?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.painting

B.creativity

C.management

D.merchandising

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasarolemodeltobusinesspeopleandfilmmakers

B.hecouldentertainthepublicatlargealltheirlives

C.hewasapurveyorof“sub-literate”entertainment

D.hecouldrepresentallthatwasgoodaboutAmerica

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Disneywasacreativeandcapableperson.

B.DisneyonceagreedtoworkfortheFBI.

C.Disneyranhiscompanyinademocraticway.

D.Disneywassympatheticwithordinarypeople.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.skeptical

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HesidedwithordinaryAmericansinhisfilms.

B.HesupportedAmerica’swareffortsinhisownway.

C.Hehaddoubtsaboutlarge,bureaucraticorganizations.

D.HevotedforFranklinRooseveltinthe30sand40s.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Ironicallyhecouldnotdrawparticularlywell”諷刺的是他畫得不太好，可知WaltDisney繪畫能力不好，因此選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后兩段講述了WaltDisney死后的影響，A、C、D選項(xiàng)在倒數(shù)第二段中都有提及，B選項(xiàng)在最后一段中提及，不符合題干中成為偶像的原因，因此選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段中“hewasverydefinitelyonthesideofordinaryAmericans”可知WaltDisney站在普通美國(guó)人這邊，因此D選項(xiàng)“迪士尼對(duì)普通人很同情”符合題意。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“ThereasonsforDisney’ssuccessarevariedandnumerous,butultimatelythecreditbelongstooneperson—themanwhocreatedthecartoonandbuiltthecompanyfromnothing,WaltDisney.”和第五段中“Asthepublicwouldlaterlearn,Disney’spatriotismhadanunpleasantside.”可知作者既寫了WaltDisney對(duì)迪士尼公司的成功有突出貢獻(xiàn)，又寫了他愛(ài)國(guó)主義不好的一面，因此作者對(duì)WaltDisney的態(tài)度是客觀的，選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“HewasalsoregardedasagreatpatriotbecausenotonlydidhiscartoonscelebrateAmerica,but,duringWorldWarII,hisstudiosmadetrainingfilmsforAmericansoldiers.”他也被認(rèn)為是一位偉大的愛(ài)國(guó)者，因?yàn)樗粌H以他的動(dòng)畫片贊美美國(guó)，而且在二戰(zhàn)期間，他的制作室也為美國(guó)士兵制作訓(xùn)練用影片?？芍宰约旱姆绞街С置绹?guó)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)努力，因此選B。

7.單選題

Neitherofthetwoparties（

）abletosolvetheproblemsofthepoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.are

B.is

C.havebeen

D.willhavebeen

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂一致。neitherof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。此處表示兩個(gè)政黨中沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)能解決窮人的問(wèn)題，此處是對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的表述，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此選B。句意：這兩個(gè)政黨都不能解決窮人的問(wèn)題。

8.寫作題

YouaresupposedtowritealettertoaprofessorinauniversityintheUnitedStatesorUK,requestingforthepossibilityofacooperativeprogramforPh.D.there.

1.Thelettershouldbeginwith“DearProfessorXXX”

2.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

3.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“MaQing”instead.

4.Donotwritetheaddress.

【答案】DearProfessorPeterDay,

IamMaQingfromNanjingUniversityinJiangsuProvince,thePeople’sRepublicofChina.IhavebecomeaPh.D.candidateofouruniversity.Myresearchinterestiscomparativeculture.WhatIamreallyinterestedinisthesimilarityanddifferencebetweenAmericancultureandChineseculture.IamproudtosaythatIhavemadesomeachievementsinmyacademicresearch.MyresearchpapersoftenappearinsomeinfluentialcorejournalsinChina.Buttotellthetruth,myknowledgeoftheUnitedStatesisfarlessthanmyknowledgeofChina.Sothatisnotconducivetowritingmydissertationrelatedtocomparativeculture.Undersuchcircumstances,Ishouldliketopursueaco-operativeprogramforPh.D.inyouruniversity.IfIhavefinishedlearningsomecoursesinChinathisyear,Iwilltakesomeothercoursesinyouruniversitynextyear.IespeciallywishtomakegreaterprogressinmyacademicresearchunderyourtutelagebecauseIknowyouareafamousscholarintheEastWestCenter,theUniversityofHawaii.

Ifyoucouldacceptmyrequest,Iwouldappreciateitverymuch.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.

Yoursrespectfully

MaQing

9.單選題

BecauseJenkinsneither______nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothaidesadmirehisjournalistic________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticizes...acumen

B.attacks...neutrality

C.confronts...aptitude

D.dismisses...flair

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。criticize“批評(píng)，評(píng)論”；attack“攻擊，抨擊”；confront“面對(duì)，遭遇”；dismiss“解散，解雇”。acumen“聰明，敏銳”；neutrality“中立”；aptitude“天資”；flair“資質(zhì)”。句意：因?yàn)檎步鹚箤?duì)于管理層和罷工工人既不批評(píng)也不為之辯護(hù)，兩個(gè)助手都很佩服他的新聞敏銳感。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryearsisthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butwhatisdepictedisunchanging:thesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.

Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.Ifapainting“stops”time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.

【答案】繪畫是靜態(tài)的。在幾天或幾年時(shí)間里反復(fù)看一幅畫的經(jīng)歷的獨(dú)特性在于畫的內(nèi)容在變遷中仍然保持不變。當(dāng)然，由于歷史或個(gè)人發(fā)展,盡管該圖像的意義可能會(huì)改變,但描述的內(nèi)容是不變的:一樣的奶瓶中流出的一樣的牛奶，海面上完全一樣的完整的波浪，不變的微笑和笑臉。

人們可能會(huì)說(shuō)，繪畫保存了一個(gè)瞬間。然而，仔細(xì)想想，這顯然是不真實(shí)的。因?yàn)榕c被拍攝的瞬間不一樣，繪畫中的瞬間從未存在。因此，不能說(shuō)一幅畫保存了一個(gè)瞬間。如果一幅畫留住了某個(gè)瞬間，那么它就不能保存代替隨后瞬間的過(guò)去瞬間，就像相片一樣。

11.單選題

It’scloudyoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.

_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Yes,takeiteasy.

B.Well,itjustdepends.

C.OK.Justinease.

D.Allright,you’rewelcome.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。句意：外面多云，請(qǐng)帶傘。_____。所以回答應(yīng)該是：好的，為了以防萬(wàn)一。A項(xiàng)“是的，慢慢來(lái)”；B項(xiàng)“僅僅取決于”；D項(xiàng)“不客氣”。根據(jù)句意選C。

12.單選題

TherearemanygoodbakeriesinMilltown;infact,thebakingindustryis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adhesive

B.flourishing

C.incidental

D.accommodating

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。通過(guò)TherearemanygoodbakeriesinMilltown可知Milltown有很多好的面包房，所以這里的烘焙產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展不錯(cuò)。A選項(xiàng)為“可黏的”；B選項(xiàng)為“繁榮的；盛行的”；C選項(xiàng)為“附屬的；偶然的；伴隨發(fā)生的”；D選項(xiàng)為“樂(lè)于助人的；可通融的；隨和的”。因此，B選項(xiàng)更符合題意。

13.單選題

Althoughhehaddonemanygreatthings,heneverfeltitnecessaryto_______hisachievements.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lavish

B.extravert

C.impose

D.vaunt

【答案】D

【解析】lavish浪費(fèi),慷慨給予;extravert使思想外傾;impose征稅,強(qiáng)加;vaunt自夸，吹噓。句意：雖然他做了許多偉大的事情，但他從不覺(jué)得有必要夸耀自己的成就。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.單選題

Manyrenownedscientistsquestionedthevalidityoftheassumption.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credit

B.weakness

C.correctness

D.uncertainty

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)credit“信用，信譽(yù)”；B選項(xiàng)weakness“弱點(diǎn)；軟弱；嗜好”；C選項(xiàng)correctness“正確性”；D選項(xiàng)uncertainty“猶豫；不確定的事物；不確定度”。句意：許多著名的科學(xué)家對(duì)這一假設(shè)的正確性提出了質(zhì)疑。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞questionedthe…oftheassumption（對(duì)假設(shè)提出質(zhì)疑），結(jié)合句意，得知C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Shallowpoolsofwaterareliabletoattractmosquitoesandother（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insects

B.flies

C.garbage

D.garage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。insects昆蟲;flies蒼蠅;garbage垃圾;garage倉(cāng)庫(kù)。句意：淺水區(qū)容易吸引蚊子和其他昆蟲。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.單選題

Henry'snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso（）thatnothinghadbeenomitted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clear

B.integrated

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。句意：亨利關(guān)于這次會(huì)議的新聞報(bào)道非常全面,

沒(méi)有遺漏任何東西。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

Acomputerfileisacollectionof（

）data,usedtoorganizethestorageandprocessingofdatabycomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.electrical

B.artificial

C.electronic

D.genuine

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。electrical有關(guān)電的；artificial人造的；electronic電子的；genuine真實(shí)的，誠(chéng)懇的。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)文件是電子數(shù)據(jù)的集合，用來(lái)組織計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)和處理。這里指電子數(shù)據(jù)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

18.單選題

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭維”；contemplate“沉思，注視”；complement“補(bǔ)充”。句意：電影導(dǎo)演用音樂(lè)來(lái)補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動(dòng)作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Poetryisanaturalor（

）overflowofpowerfulfeelings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.homogeneous

【答案】A

【解析】句意:詩(shī)是自然而然，自發(fā)溢出的強(qiáng)烈的情感。

形容詞辨析。Spontaneous自發(fā)的，自然的;simultaneous同吋的，同時(shí)發(fā)生的;instantaneous瞬間的，即時(shí)的;Homogeneous同種的，同質(zhì)的。因此A符合句意。

20.單選題

Nextsemester,Susanmusttakethreecompulsorycourses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.formal

B.voluntary

C.practical

D.required

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。compulsory“義務(wù)的；必修的；被強(qiáng)制的”；A選項(xiàng)formal“正式的；拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?；有條理的”；B選項(xiàng)voluntary“自愿的；故意的”；C選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)際的；實(shí)用性的”；D選項(xiàng)required“必需的；必修的”。句意：下學(xué)期，蘇珊必須修三門必修課。根據(jù)句中“courses課程”可知compulsory在這里的意思為“必修的”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Manyeconomistsbelievedthat______consumerswouldcutspendingoncethevalueoftheirhomesbegantofall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overstretched

B.oversaturated

C.overproduced

D.overpopulated

【答案】A

【解析】overstretched過(guò)度延伸的，指系統(tǒng)或組織被迫過(guò)度運(yùn)作的；oversaturated過(guò)飽和的；overproduce過(guò)度生產(chǎn)的；overpopulated人口過(guò)密的，人口過(guò)剩的。句意：許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，一旦房?jī)r(jià)開始下跌，超負(fù)荷的消費(fèi)者就會(huì)削減支出。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

22.單選題

Chinawilllowerthe（）forforeignerstocometothecountryandstreamlineproceduresforthemtoinvestandstartbusinessesinChina.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.measure

B.threshold

C.permit

D.statute

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)measure表示“測(cè)量，措施，程度”，B選項(xiàng)threshold表示“入口，門檻，開始”，C選項(xiàng)permit表示“許可證，執(zhí)照”，D選項(xiàng)statute表示“法規(guī)，法令，條例”。由后文的關(guān)鍵信息“streamlineproceduresforthemtoinvestandstartbusinessesinChina”可知，中國(guó)會(huì)簡(jiǎn)化外國(guó)人在中國(guó)投資和創(chuàng)業(yè)的程序，說(shuō)明中國(guó)將會(huì)降低外國(guó)人來(lái)中國(guó)的門檻。由此可知，本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

23.單選題

Wetriedtosettletheproblemwiththemassoonaspossible,buttheyseemedto（）sincerity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lackof

B.belackof

C.lackin

D.belackingin

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。seem的用法為“主語(yǔ)+seem+（tobe）+表語(yǔ)”，表語(yǔ)多為名詞或形容詞，有時(shí)是其他的詞或短語(yǔ)，以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)，所以排除A、C選項(xiàng)；lackof“沒(méi)有；不夠；缺乏；不足”，經(jīng)常和for或becauseof連用；lack還可以用“現(xiàn)在分詞”的形式組成一個(gè)慣用句型belackingin來(lái)表示“欠缺、特點(diǎn)等”，該句型中介詞in不可省略。句意：我們?cè)噲D盡快和他們解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，但他們似乎缺乏誠(chéng)意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Japanisgoingthroughacomplexnationalidentitycrisis.Thatmaybenobadthing,saysanewbookbyanAmericanacademicJapanologist.Theeconomyisstalled,butthesocietyisinmotion.Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways;theychangeinanincrementalprocess,generallyofsmallstepsbutwhich,overtime,canadduptobigmovements.Andjustsuchabigmovementseemstobetakingplace.

Mr.Nathan,aprofessorofJapaneseculturalstudies,hasbeenobservingJapansincethe1960s.Whereasmostpeoplelookateconomicdataorthecomingsandgoingsofprimeministers,heismoreinterestedinschools,novels,comicbooks,andthemindsofyoungentrepreneursandmavericklocalpoliticians.Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamouslycohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry’ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.

Fracturesarewhathelooksforandfracturesarewhathefinds.Onbalance,theyareneitherobviouslydangerousnorobviouslypositive,buttheyare,ashesays,signsofmotionwhichcould,intime,leadinunpredictabledirections.Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious.Now,though,Mr.Nathan’snumbersdomakethesituationlookgrave.

Since1998,youthsagedbetween14and19havebeeninvolvedin50%ofallarrestsforfelonies,includingmurder.Truancyisalsointheup.Mr.Nathanassertsthatthetruenumberis350,000children,or5%ofthestudentpopulation.

Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline—partfamilial,partsocial,partlegal一whichappeartopreventschoolsandparentsfromdealingeffectivelywitherrantchildren.

Japanis,inshort,passingthroughanationalidentitycrisis.Thereareplentyofpositiveaspectstoittoo,however.Oneisaconsiderableincreaseinthenumberofactualorbuddingyoungentrepreneurs,atrendespeciallyvisibleinthewillingnessofhigh-flyerstoleavegood,safejobsinordertosetuptheirownfirms.Thenumbersremainmodest,butareneverthelesssurprisinglyhighgiventhestateoftheeconomyinrecentyears.Anotherisaneweagernessamongpopularwritersandmaverickpoliticianstotrytodefineandencourageanewnationalpride.

1.WhatcharacterizesthesocialchangesinJapanesesocietyisthat（

）.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

3.SchoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemtobe（

）.

4.ThereasonbehindschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemstobethat（

）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareoftenaccompaniedbyanationalidentitycrisis

B.theyoftentakeplaceinmajorscalebutendupinsmalleffect

C.theyoftenhappenhumblywhileproducinghugeaccumulativeconsequences

D.theyoftentakeplacewithoutbeinganalyzedandreportedduetotheircomplexity

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Japanisundergoingaseriouspoliticalinstability

B.astaticeconomymighthaveanegativeinfluenceonsociety

C.mostpeopleinJapanareunderseverementalstrain

D.manypeoplesufferfromafractureduetotheirjobpressure

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tiringJapaneseparentsupforalongtime

B.notasseriousasmostJapanesehaveimagined

C.quicklyontheincreaseespeciallyinrecentyears

D.obviouslyendangeringthesafetyofJapanesestudents

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.schoolandparentsdonotwanttodealwitherrantchildreneffectively

B.economicstagnationhasreducedparents'timetocommunicatewiththeirchildren

C.youthsbullyinghasalreadybecomeapopularpracticeforstudentsandtheyfinditexciting

D.childrenareinfectedwithproblemintheadultworldandrulesarenotstrictenough

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.SolutionstoYouthsCrimesinJapan.

B.TheJapaneseNationalIdentityCrisis

C.SchoolViolenceandTruancyinJapan.

D.EconomicandSocialChangesinJapan.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推斷題。第一段：...Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways(其實(shí)很難報(bào)道日本和分析日本，因?yàn)樵谌毡?，事情不是以大?guī)模以及人們可以注意得到的方式發(fā)生變化的)。由此推測(cè)C項(xiàng)(通常不起眼地發(fā)生，但也會(huì)因累積而產(chǎn)生巨大的后果)正確。

2.推斷題。第二段：Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamously

cohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry'ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.他關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)在...日本社會(huì)是否在經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的壓力下產(chǎn)生裂痕，以及這種壓力是怎樣影響國(guó)家的宗旨和國(guó)家特征的。可知，Nathan要研究的就是日本經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯是否造成社會(huì)裂痕。故選B(停滯的經(jīng)濟(jì)可能對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生消極影響)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Schoolviolenceandtruancy定位至第三段:Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious(他有寫到最令人擔(dān)憂的裂痕是在學(xué)校，那里的暴力和曠課現(xiàn)象會(huì)顯著增加。日本家長(zhǎng)對(duì)這些事情疲倦地聳聳肩，因?yàn)閷?duì)欺凌的擔(dān)心由來(lái)已久，但似乎并沒(méi)有那么嚴(yán)重)。故A:使日本家長(zhǎng)們疲憊很久了。為正確答案。

4.推斷題。第五段:Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline(這種趨勢(shì)似乎是兩種相關(guān)現(xiàn)象的癥狀：一種普遍的幻滅感、疏離感、不確定感或明顯的憤怒感，這種情緒也蔓延到了兒童身上；一種是舊的紀(jì)律體系逐漸瓦解),由此可知,D項(xiàng)(成人的問(wèn)題影響了孩子，而且規(guī)則也不夠嚴(yán)格)正確。

5.主旨大意題。全文主要是談?wù)撊毡窘?jīng)濟(jì)停滯對(duì)社會(huì)造成的問(wèn)題。但是作者認(rèn)為日本國(guó)民認(rèn)同危機(jī)是有利有弊。

25.單選題

Sheworkedhardathertaskbeforeshefeltsurethattheresultswouldlegitimizeherlongeffort.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.justify

B.testify

C.rectify

D.verify

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。legitimize意為“使合法化，證明……為有理（或正當(dāng)）”；justify意為“證明……有理”；testify意為“作證”；rectify意為“改正，校正”；verify意為“核實(shí)，查對(duì)”。

句意：她努力做自己的工作，直到確定所得到的結(jié)果可以證明自己長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的努力是有理由的。

26.單選題

Astudyofarthistorymightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanispossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economics,andwar.Butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthisbecauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors——orofpeopleverydifferentfromourown——canbeprovidedbyart.Inshortartexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andastudyofitclearlyofferusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooks.

Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions.ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly"political”artist.Inhiswell-knownpaintingTheThirdofMay1808,hecriticizedtheSpanishgovernmentforitsmisuseofpoweroverpeople.Overahundredyearslater,symbolicimageswereusedinPabloPicasso’sGuernicatoexpressthehorrorofwar.Meanwhile,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofDiegoRivera.JoseClementeOrozco,andDavidAlfaroSiqueirosaswellastheworksofAlfredoRamosMartines——depictedtheseMexicanartists’deepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.

Inthesameway,artcanreflectaculture’sreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatdepictedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Althoughmostpeoplecouldn’tread,theycouldstillunderstandbiblicalstoriesinthepicturesonchurchwalls.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstatuesareunholy.

1.Morecanbelearnedaboutaculturefromastudyofarthistorythangeneralhistorybecausearthistory（

）.

2.Artissubjectiveinthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Thepassageismainlydiscussing

（

）.

5.Itmaybeconcludedfromthispassagethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.showsust