考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東特殊教育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東特殊教育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Withtheexpansionofthecompany,themanagerhassomuchworktodothataholidayforhimthisyearis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofquestion

B.outofthequestion

C.beyondallquestion

D.pastquestion

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析。outofquestion“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”；outofthequestion“不可能”；beyondallquestion“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”；pastquestion“無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯”。句意：隨著公司的擴(kuò)張，經(jīng)理有很多的工作要做，所以今年的假期對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是不可能的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Beinginnogreathurry,（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wewentthelongrouteandscenery

B.thelong,scenicroutewasourpreference

C.wetookthelong,scenicroute

D.ourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicroute.

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)前半句為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為we.采取……路線通常用take…route.故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：由于我們不趕時(shí)間，所以選了一條長(zhǎng)的，風(fēng)景好的路線。

3.單選題

Ifapersonisinastatebetweensleepingandbeingawake,oftenasaresultofheatordrinkingalcohol,hefeels_______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tiresome

B.fatigued

C.drowsy

D.restless

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tiresome討厭的，令人厭煩的B.fatigued身心交瘁，精疲力竭

C.drowsy困倦的，昏昏欲睡的D.restless坐立不安的，不耐煩的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞betweensleepingandbeingawake，可知這里指一個(gè)人半夢(mèng)半醒時(shí)的感覺(jué)，drowsy符合語(yǔ)境，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】如果一個(gè)人處于半夢(mèng)半醒的狀態(tài)，通常是由于發(fā)熱或飲酒，他會(huì)感到昏昏欲睡。

4.單選題

Withalltheseartsandpursuitsofpracticallife,theintellectualbusinessofthinking—ofsuchthinkingatleastasiscommontomostmen—andofcommunicatingthought,hasasortofaffinityandresemblance.For,unquestionably,itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomyandprudentstewardshipofthatever-shiftingmassofincomingandoutgoingthoughtswhichmakeupourintellectualestateandproperty.Andthisisthemorenecessarythegreaterarethetreasuresofthoughtpossessedbyourage.For,inthehighlyrapidinterchangeofandtrafficinideas,whichiscarryingon,thereceiptsanddisbursementsarenotalwaysdulybalanced.Thereismuchcause,therefore,tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould,byallmeans,wishtogainavictory,notindeedforyou,butwithyou,oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought,whichare,however,butcheatsandcounterfeitswhichdistractthemindsofthepresentgeneration,disturbtheharmonyoflife,andbanishpeaceevenfromtheintellectualworld.Andasrespectsthethirdillustration:Ishouldindeedrejoiceashaving,inagreatmeasure,attainedmyobject,ifonlyIshallsucceedindirectingyourattentiontosomestarinthehigherregionofintellect,whichhithertowaseithertotallyunknown,or,atleast,neverbeforefullyobserved.Butaboveall,Ithinkitnecessarytoobservefurther,thatinthesamewayasphilosophylosessightofitstrueobjectandappropriatematter,wheneitheritpassesintoandmergesintheology,ormeddleswithexternalpolitics,soalsodoesitmaritsproperformwhenitattemptstomimictherigorousmethodofmathematics.InthemiddleofthelastcenturyscarcelywastheretobefoundaGermanmanualforanyofthesciencesthatdidnotapethemathematicalstyle,andwhereeverysinglepositioninthelongarrayofinterminableparagraphsdidnotconcludewiththesolemnactofdemonstrativephraseology.Butitisalsowellknownthatthephilosophywhichwaspropoundedinthisinappropriateformandmethodwascrammedfoilof,nay,rather,washardlyanythingmorethanatissueofarbitrary,nowforgotten,hypotheses,whichhavenotbroughttheworldatallnearertothetruth—notatleasttothattruthwhichphilosophyisinsearchof,andwhichissomethinghigherthanamereexampleofaccuratecomputation.Andeveninthepresentday—although,indeed,theapplicationismadeinaverydifferentwayfromformerly—Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies,inwhichallthings,eventhemostopposite,admitofbeingcomprisedandblendedtogether.But,beitasitmay,thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction.Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual(Geistige).Asinacorrectarchitecturalstructureitisnecessarythatallitspartsshouldbeinunison,andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably,soineveryphilosophicalcommunication,thesolidsimplebasisbeinglaid,thearrangementofalltheparts,andthecarefulrejectionandexclusionofallforeignmatter,isthemostessentialpoint,bothforinternalcorrectnessandexternalperspicuity.But,intruth,thematterinhandbearsafarcloserresemblanceandaffinitytonaturalobjectswhichliveandgrow,thantoanylifelessedificeofstone;toagreattree,forinstance,noblyandbeautifullyspreadingoutonallsidesinitsmanyarmsandbranches.Assuchatreestrikesthehastyandpassingglance,itformsasomewhatirregularandnotstrictlyfinishedwhole;thereitstands,justasthestemhasshotupfromtheroot,andhasdivideditselfintoacertainnumberofbranches,andtwigs,andleaves,whichlivinglymovebackwardandforwardinthefreeair.Butexamineitmoreclosely,andhowperfectappearsitswholestructure!Howwonderfulthesymmetry,howminutelyregulartheorganizationofallitsparts,evenofeachlittleleafanddelicatefiber!Inthesamewaywilltheever-growingtreeofhumanconsciousnessandlifeappearinphilosophy,wheneveritisnottornfromitsrootsandstrippedofitsleavesbyapretendedwisdom,butisvividlyapprehendedbyatruescience,andexhibitedandpresentedtothemindinitslifeanditsgrowth.

1.Themainpurposeofthearticleis（

）.

2.Whatistheauthor’sconcernasexpressedthroughthefirstmetaphoricexposition?

3.Thesecondconcernoftheauthorrefersto

（

）.

4.Whatisthefunctionoftheauthor’sfrequentusageofrhetoricalfiguresofspeech?

5.Inthepassage,theauthoroutlinesapleafor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toclarifythesystemofeconomictheory

B.tosuggestanewsystemofphilosophy

C.tocriticizethesystemofmathematics

D.toillustratethesystematicdialectics

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Randomdisbursementofproposalsandhypothesis.

B.Aconfusionofalgebraicformularies.

C.Anunwarrantedlossofappropriatereference.

D.Violationofintellectualpropertyrights.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.avariegatedsetoffallacies

B.acantankeroustypeofpessimism

C.unqualifiedquackery

D.theproliferationofmetaphysics

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Definition.

B.Clarification.

C.Exemplification.

D.Illustration.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.rigor

B.topicality

C.reliability

D.flexibility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。文中提到“itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomy”，這是眾多關(guān)系創(chuàng)建明智經(jīng)濟(jì)體的哲學(xué)問(wèn)題之一。其中it是指前面的“theintellectualbusinessofthinking”，后續(xù)圍繞哲學(xué)及思想展開(kāi)闡述，因此B選項(xiàng)“提出一種新的哲學(xué)體系”符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。作者的第一次metaphoricexposition“隱喻性闡述”出現(xiàn)在“…tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.”即擔(dān)憂對(duì)最高貴的精神天賦的輕率和奢侈的揮霍會(huì)成為普遍現(xiàn)象，擔(dān)憂由于缺乏可靠的資本安全地投資于重要的思想和永恒的真題，虛假和毫無(wú)根據(jù)的信用體系會(huì)涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)。所以作者擔(dān)心的是思想天賦的消耗，C選項(xiàng)“不適當(dāng)?shù)膿p失”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。文中提到“Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould…wishtogainavictory…oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought”，本句說(shuō)到，作者希望戰(zhàn)勝思想中的那些錯(cuò)誤和假想。因此A選項(xiàng)“各種錯(cuò)誤的見(jiàn)解”符合題意。

第4題:4.寫(xiě)作手法題。文中幾處“hasasortofaffinityandresemblance”“Asforthesecondsimile”“andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably”等修辭手法都是為了生動(dòng)說(shuō)明文中提出的新哲學(xué)體系。因此B選項(xiàng)clarification“說(shuō)明”符合題意。

第5題:5.作者意圖題。在文中，作者由“Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies…thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction”說(shuō)到德國(guó)哲學(xué)只是一些代數(shù)公式，這種復(fù)雜的機(jī)械示范永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)產(chǎn)生真正的、內(nèi)在的、充分的信念。后又說(shuō)到“Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual”，哲學(xué)真正需要的方法是與前面提及的德國(guó)哲學(xué)相反的。通過(guò)前后文，作者呼吁的是與“機(jī)械示范”相對(duì)的“靈活性”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureeverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspacesintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshall,withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.

Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotright,becauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse.Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossible,andthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.

Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreets,becausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreat,ifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,ifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouseisclosedafteryou.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironment

2.Thetheoreticalseparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationhasledto（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshouldbeprovided

4.Accordingtotheauthor,greenspacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuchawaythat

5.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isstillunknown

B.hasbeenfullyrecognized

C.isbeingcloselystudied

D.isusuallyneglected

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thedisproportionofrecreationfacilitiesintheneighbourhood

B.theimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesintheneighbourhood

C.relativelylittleattentionforrecreativepossibilities

D.thelocationofrecreationfacilitiesfarfromhome

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.intheneighbourhoodofthehouse

B.inthesuburbs

C.inspecialareas

D.ingardensandparks

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped

B.moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem

C.moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect

D.recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities

B.betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife

C.theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago

D.prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段atpresentitisgenerallyaccepted提到關(guān)于城市綠地的功能已經(jīng)被廣泛接受，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到這種理論區(qū)分造成了對(duì)遠(yuǎn)離家庭的休閑形式的失衡的關(guān)注，和對(duì)于生活區(qū)域附近的休閑場(chǎng)所發(fā)展的忽略（disproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighbourhoodofthehome），由此得出這種區(qū)分導(dǎo)致人們把休閑設(shè)施的重點(diǎn)放在離家遠(yuǎn)的區(qū)域，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.文章第二段soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-doorofthehouse提到休閑設(shè)施應(yīng)該先從離家近的地方開(kāi)始，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章第二段提到thedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.文章主要講述了如何更好地利用小區(qū)的綠地空間來(lái)增加城市居民的生活質(zhì)量，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Formuchoftheworld,thedeathofRichardNixonwastheendofacomplexpubliclife.Butresearcherswhostudybereavementwonderedifitdidn’talsosignifytheendofaprivategrief.Hadtheformerpresidentmerelyrunhisfourscoreandone,orhadhefallenvictimtoapatternthatseemstoafflictlongtimemarriedcouples;onespousequicklyfollowingtheothertothegrave?

Pat,Nixon’swifeof53,diedlastJuneafteralongillness.Nooneknowsforsurewhetherherdeathcontributedtohis.Afterall,hewaselderlyandhadahistoryofseriousheartdisease.Researchershavelongobservedthatthedeathofthespouseparticularlyawifeissometimesfollowedbytheuntimelydeathofthegrievingsurvivor.HistorianWillDurantdied13daysafterhiswifeandcollaborator,Ariel;BuckminsterFullerandhiswifediedjust36hoursapart.Isthismorethancoincidence?

“Partofthestory,Isuspect,isthatwemenaresousedtoladiesfeelingusandtakingcareofus,”saysKnulHelsing,anepidemiologistattheJohnHopkinsSchoolofPublicHealth,“thatwhenweloseawifewegotopieces.Wedon’tknowhowtotakecareofourselves.”InoneoftheseveralstudiesHelsinghasconductedonbereavement,hefoundthatwidowerswhoremarriedenjoyedthesamelowermortalityratesasmenwho’dneverbeenwidowed.

Women’shealthandresiliencemayalsosufferafterthelossofaspouse.Ina1987studyofwidows,researchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,andUC,SanDiego,foundthattheyhadadramaticdeclineinlevelsofimportantimmune-systemcellsthatfightoffdisease.Earlierstudiesshowedreducedimmunityinwidowers.

Forbothmenandwomen,thestressoflosingaspousecanhaveaprofoundeffect.“Allsortsofpotentiallyharmfulmedicalproblemscanbeworsened,”saysGeraldDavision,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Peoplewithhighbloodpressure,forexample,mayseeitrise.InNixon’scase,Davisionspeculates,“thestroke,althoughnotcauseddirectlybythestress,wasprobablyhastenedbyit.”Depressioncanaffectthesurvivingspouse’swilltolive;suicideratesareelevatedinthebereaved,alongwithaccidentsnotinvolvingcars.

Involvementinlifehelpsprolongit.“Mortality,”saysDukeUniversitypsychiatristDanielBlazer,“ishigherinolderpeoplewithoutagoodsocial-supportsystem,whodon’tfeelthey’repartofagrouporafamily,thatthey‘fitin’somewhere.Andthat’smorecommonproblemformen,whotendnottohaveasmanyclosefriendshipaswomen.”“Thesuddenabsenceofroutinescanalsobeahealthhazard,”saysBlazer.“Apersonwholosesaspouseshowsdeteriorationinnormalhabitslikesleepingandeating,”hesays.“Theydon’thavetheotherpersontoorientthem,likewhendoyougotobed,whendoyouwakeup,whendoyoueat,whendoyoutakeyourmedication,whendoyougoouttotakeawalk?Yourpatternisnolongerlockedintosomeoneelse’spattern,soitdeteriorates.”Whileearlierstudiessuggestedthatthefirstsixmonthstoayear-orevenfirstweek—weretimesofhighermortalityforthebereaved,somenewerstudiesfindnospecialvulnerabilityinthisinitialperiod.Mostmenandwomen,ofcoursedonotasaresultofthelossofaspouse.Andtherearewaystoimprovetheodds.Astrongsenseofseparateidentityandlackofover-dependencyduringthemarriagearehelpful.Adultsonsanddaughters,siblingsandfriendsneedtopayspecialattentiontoanewlywidowedparent.Theycanmakesurethatheorsheissocializing,gettingpropernutritionandmedicalcare,expressingemotionandaboveall,feelingneededandappreciated.

6.ItisknownfromthepassagethatRichardNixondiedattheageof____.

7.Accordingtoresearcherswhostudybereavement,RichardNixon’sdeathmightbe____.

8.Inhisresearchonbereavement,Helsingfoundthat____.

9.Accordingtothepassageaspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto____.

10.Itissuggestedinthepassagethatwidowersorwidowssufferfromthedeathoftheirspousesbecausetheyare____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.73

B.81

C.77

D.65

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.causedbyhisheartdisease

B.indirectlylinkedtohiswife’sdeath

C.theinevitableresultofoldage

D.causedbyanunexplainableaccident

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.remarriedmenlivehealthierlives

B.unmarriedmenhavethelongestlifeexpectancies

C.remarriedwidowersdonothavehighermortalityratesthanthosewhohaveneverbeenwidowed

D.widowswereunaffectedbytheirspouses’death

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.losehisorherfriends

B.diminishsocialactivities

C.bevulnerabletoillness

D.rejecthisorherchildren’scare

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.unpreparedforindependenceduringthemarriage

B.incapableoftakingcareofthemselvesduringthemarriage

C.unwillingtosocializewithothersduringthemarriage

D.tooindulgentduringthemarriage

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】6.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItisknownfromthepassagethatRichardNixondiedattheageof____.從文中可知，RichardNixon去世時(shí)年齡為_(kāi)___。

A.73A.73歲

B.81B.81歲

C.77C.77歲

D.65D.65歲

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞RichardNixondied定位到原文第一段。本段第3句提到“這位前總統(tǒng)活了81歲（hisfourscoreandone）”，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“81歲”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“73歲”、C選項(xiàng)“77歲”、D選項(xiàng)“65歲”均不符合原文表述。

7.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtoresearcherswhostudybereavement,RichardNixon’sdeathmightbe____.據(jù)研究喪親之痛的研究人員稱(chēng)，RichardNixon的去世可能是____。

A.causedbyhisheartdiseaseA.是由心臟病引起的

B.indirectlylinkedtohiswife’sdeathB.與他妻子的死有間接聯(lián)系

C.theinevitableresultofoldageC.老年的必然結(jié)果

D.causedbyanunexplainableaccidentD.是由一場(chǎng)無(wú)法解釋的事故造成的

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題要求選的是研究人員的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞researcherswhostudybereavement可定位到原文第1段第2-3句，該句提到“研究喪親之痛的研究人員（researcherswhostudybereavement）”想知道Nixon的去世“僅僅是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)活到81歲了（merelyrunhisfourscoreandone）”，還是因?yàn)椤跋萑肓艘环N長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)困擾著已婚夫婦的模式（fallenvictimtoapattern）：一個(gè)配偶很快就會(huì)跟著另一個(gè)進(jìn)入墳?zāi)梗╫nespousequicklyfollowingtheothertothegrave）”，而且原文第2段第1句提到“Nixon的妻子久病后在前一年六月去世（died）?！辈⑶业?段第4句提到“研究人員長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)觀察到（havelongobserved），配偶特別是妻子的去世，有時(shí)會(huì)伴隨悲傷的幸存者過(guò)早死亡（followedbytheuntimelydeathofthegrievingsurvivor）”。綜上所述，根據(jù)研究人員的研究?jī)?nèi)容推測(cè)，他們認(rèn)為Nixon去世可能與他妻子的死有關(guān)，B選項(xiàng)“與他妻子的死有間接聯(lián)系”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“是由心臟病引起的”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，該句提到他“有嚴(yán)重的心臟病病史（hadahistoryofseriousheartdisease）”，但這不是研究人員認(rèn)為的原因；

C選項(xiàng)“老年的必然結(jié)果”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，該句提到“他已經(jīng)老了（hewaselderly）”，但這也不是研究人員認(rèn)為的原因；

D選項(xiàng)“是由一場(chǎng)無(wú)法解釋的事故造成的”,原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

8.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inhisresearchonbereavement,Helsingfoundthat____.在關(guān)于喪親之痛的研究中，Helsing發(fā)現(xiàn)____。

A.remarriedmenlivehealthierlivesA.再婚的男人過(guò)著更健康的生活

B.unmarriedmenhavethelongestlifeexpectanciesB.未婚男性的預(yù)期壽命最長(zhǎng)

C.remarriedwidowersdonothavehighermortalityratesthanthosewhohaveneverbeenwidowedC.再婚鰥夫的死亡率并不高于從未喪偶的人

D.widowswereunaffectedbytheirspouses’deathD.寡婦不受配偶死亡的影響

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞hisresearchonbereavement和Helsing定位到原文第3段最后一句，該句提到“他發(fā)現(xiàn)再婚的鰥夫與從未喪偶的男性一樣有較低死亡率（thesamelowermortalityrates）?！庇纱丝芍珻選項(xiàng)“再婚鰥夫的死亡率并不高于從未喪偶的人”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“再婚的男人過(guò)著更健康的生活”，原文并未提及，并且沒(méi)有明確比較對(duì)象，不符合題意，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“未婚男性的預(yù)期壽命最長(zhǎng)”，原文并未提及，不是Helsing的研究?jī)?nèi)容，不符合題意，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“寡婦不受配偶死亡的影響”，不是Helsing的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，并且根據(jù)原文第4段第1句的內(nèi)容，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，該句提到“失去配偶后，婦女的健康和恢復(fù)能力也可能受到影響（sufferafterthelossofaspouse）?！?/p>

9.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassageaspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto____.根據(jù)這篇文章，配偶的死亡可以導(dǎo)致幸存的一方____。

A.losehisorherfriendsA.失去朋友

B.diminishsocialactivitiesB.減少社交活動(dòng)

C.bevulnerabletoillnessC.容易生病

D.rejecthisorherchildren’scareD.拒絕孩子的照顧

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞aspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto定位到原文第4段最后一句，該句提到“早期的研究表明，喪偶者免疫力下降（reducedimmunity）”；原文第5段第2句提到“各種可能有害的醫(yī)療問(wèn)題都可能惡化（beworsened）?！庇纱丝芍?，失去配偶的一方，免疫能力下降，現(xiàn)有的疾病容易惡化，C選項(xiàng)“容易生病”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“失去朋友”，可定位到原文第6段第3句，該句提到“男性沒(méi)有女性那么多親密的友誼（tendnottohaveasmanyclosefriendshipaswomen）”，由此可知，原文并不是說(shuō)“失去配偶的人會(huì)失去朋友”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“減少社交活動(dòng)”，可定位到原文第6段第1句，該句提到“參與生活（Involvementinlife）有助于延長(zhǎng)生命?！钡?段最后一句提到“他們（子女們）可以確保他或她在社交（socializing）”。由此可知，原文表達(dá)的是讓失去配偶的一方參與生活，進(jìn)行社交，這樣有利于延長(zhǎng)壽命，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)“失去配偶的人會(huì)減少社交”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“拒絕孩子的照顧”，原文第6段倒數(shù)第2句提到，專(zhuān)家建議“成年子女、兄弟姐妹和朋友們需要特別關(guān)注（payspecialattention）新近喪偶的父母?！痹牟](méi)有說(shuō)“失去配偶的人會(huì)拒絕孩子的照顧”，反而說(shuō)孩子們要多關(guān)注他們，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

10.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itissuggestedinthepassagethatwidowersorwidowssufferfromthedeathoftheirspousesbecausetheyare____.文章中暗示，鰥夫或寡婦遭受配偶死亡的痛苦，因?yàn)樗麄僟___。

A.unpreparedforindependenceduringthemarriageA.婚姻期間沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的準(zhǔn)備

B.incapableoftakingcareofthemselvesduringthemarriageB.婚姻期間不能照顧自己

C.unwillingtosocializewithothersduringthemarriageC.婚姻期間不愿與他人交往

D.tooindulgentduringthemarriageD.在婚姻中過(guò)于沉溺

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干，本題詢(xún)問(wèn)的是“鰥夫或寡婦因配偶死亡而痛苦”的原因。通讀全篇可知，本文主要論述“失去配偶的一方也容易跟著去世”，原文第6段倒數(shù)第3句提到“在婚姻中保持強(qiáng)烈的獨(dú)立意識(shí)（Astrongsenseofseparateidentity）和不過(guò)度依賴(lài)（lackofover-dependency）是有幫助的。”由此推斷，他們痛苦的原因可能是過(guò)度依賴(lài)配偶，突然失去，難以接受，D選項(xiàng)“在婚姻中過(guò)于沉溺”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的準(zhǔn)備”，原文說(shuō)他們?cè)诨橐銎陂g不夠獨(dú)立，不是說(shuō)“他們?cè)诨橐銎陂g沒(méi)有為獨(dú)立做準(zhǔn)備”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間不能照顧自己”，可定位到原文第3段，第1句提到了約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院（theJohnHopkinsSchoolofPublicHealth）的流行病學(xué)家KnulHelsing的觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為“部分原因（Partofthestory）是男人們太習(xí)慣了讓女人（sousedtoladies）感受、照顧我們，以至于失去妻子后，就會(huì)崩潰（gotopieces），不知道如何照顧自己（don’tknowhowtotakecareofourselves）?！庇纱丝芍荒苷疹欁约嚎赡苁泅姺騻兺纯嗟脑?，不是寡婦們痛苦的原因，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間不愿與他人交往”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

7.單選題

Thoughthesubwaysystemofthecityhasbeenwell-plannedforyears,itsfundingisstillintheair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.widelyspreading

B.totallyuncertain

C.hystericallyunconstraine

D.alreadybroadcast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：雖然這個(gè)城市的地鐵系統(tǒng)多年來(lái)已經(jīng)做好規(guī)劃，但是資金問(wèn)題一直……。widelyspreading“廣泛傳播”；totallyuncertain“完全不確定”；hystericallyunconstrained“完全不受約束”；alreadybroadcast“已經(jīng)播出”。根據(jù)句子前后邏輯可知資金問(wèn)題一直沒(méi)有解決，因此劃線詞組的意思是“懸而未決的”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Thenewaircraftwillbe（）toatestoftemperaturesof-65℃and120℃.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.summoned

B.subjected

C.suspended

D.suppressed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)summoned“召喚；鼓起（勇氣等）”；B選項(xiàng)subjected“使遭受”；C選項(xiàng)suspended“暫停；懸掛”；D選項(xiàng)suppressed“鎮(zhèn)壓；阻止（進(jìn)程或活動(dòng)），抑制（過(guò)程）”。句意：新的飛機(jī)會(huì)（），好去做一個(gè)到零下65℃和120℃的測(cè)試。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，可知這里指的是新的飛機(jī)需要先做測(cè)試，合格以后才投入使用，suppressed“阻止（進(jìn)程或活動(dòng)）”比較合理。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Atthesightofthisphotographhechangedhis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.countenance

B.counteragent

C.concessions

D.counteract

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)countenance“面容，表情”；B選項(xiàng)counteragent“反作用劑；中和力”；C選項(xiàng)concessions“讓步，讓與”；D選項(xiàng)counteract“抵消”，句意為：一看到這張照片，他面色就變了。故正確答案選A。

10.單選題

Itisnotuncommonforthere（

）problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.wouldbe

C.be

D.tobe

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老人與年輕人之間存在著溝通問(wèn)題是很常見(jiàn)的。

固定搭配。itis+形容詞+fortheretobe...。

11.單選題

MarciaandBillwere（

）ofthepresident'sscholarshipforfinearts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.creators

B.donors

C.recipients

D.instigators

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。creator“創(chuàng)造者，創(chuàng)建者”；donor“捐贈(zèng)者”；recipient“接受者”；instigator“煽動(dòng)者，教唆者”。句意：Marcia和Bill是美術(shù)領(lǐng)域的總統(tǒng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的接受者。C項(xiàng)符合句意，答案C

12.單選題

Indeed,withcomputersasbasicasaMacintosh,producerscanwritescripts,budgetproductionsand（

）schedulesandlocationsallonthesamemachine.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keepupwith

B.keeptrackof

C.keepabreastwith

D.keepawayfrom

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Keepupwith趕得上；和······保持聯(lián)系；keeptrackof記錄；與······保持聯(lián)系；keepabreastwith保持與······并列；不落后于；跟上；keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；回避。句意：確實(shí)，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)如同麥金塔電腦（蘋(píng)果公司的一種個(gè)人電腦）一樣簡(jiǎn)單，生產(chǎn)者可以在同一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)上編寫(xiě)腳本、安排生產(chǎn)、記錄進(jìn)度表和生產(chǎn)地點(diǎn)。由writescripts,budgetproductions與schedulesandlocations可知B符合。

13.單選題

Thefutureofthiscompanyis（

）:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusinesses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atodds

B.introuble

C.invain

D.atstake

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。atodds“有分歧，爭(zhēng)執(zhí)”；introuble“陷入困境”；invain“徒勞”；atstake“瀕于險(xiǎn)境”。句意：這家公司面臨危機(jī)：很多有才的員工正流向獲利更高的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshavefiction,biography,poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor,trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeasfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Buifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhints,fromthetwistandturnofthefistsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofhumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

Letmecometothepointboldly;whatgovernstheEnglishmanishisinneratmosphere,theweatherinhissoul.Itisnothingspiritualormysterious.When,inhisgardenorbyhisfire，hesprawlsinanaggressivelycomfortablechair;whenheischoosinghisclothesorhisprofession—neverisitaprecisereason,orpurpose,orouterfactthatdetermineshim;itisalwaystheatmosphereofhisinnerman.

【答案】既然書(shū)有小說(shuō)、傳記、詩(shī)歌之分，我們就應(yīng)該把它們分類(lèi)，從中吸收它們應(yīng)該給予的知識(shí)。這說(shuō)起來(lái)很容易。然而很少有人要求書(shū)本應(yīng)該給予的知識(shí)。我們總是囫圇吞棗般去看書(shū)，要求小說(shuō)必須真實(shí)，要求詩(shī)歌必須虛構(gòu)，要求傳記諂媚，要求歷史書(shū)能加強(qiáng)自己的偏見(jiàn)。如果我們讀書(shū)之前能拋開(kāi)這些偏見(jiàn)，將會(huì)是一個(gè)好的開(kāi)始。不要去強(qiáng)加你的想法給作者，而是要去理解他，成為他的伙伴。如果你將自己置身事外，并且從一開(kāi)始就批判他，你就無(wú)法從書(shū)中獲得最大的價(jià)值。但是如果你敞開(kāi)心扉，那么書(shū)中精細(xì)入微的寓言和暗示便會(huì)讓你從開(kāi)頭那些晦澀的句子中繞出來(lái)，把你帶到一個(gè)獨(dú)特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去鉆研，你很快會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者正向你闡述的或者是試圖向你闡述的東西是一些比原來(lái)要明確得多的東西。

讓我直接切入正題：支配英國(guó)人的是他內(nèi)心的情調(diào)，靈魂深處的氣象。它既不是精神上的，也不神秘。在花園中或者壁爐旁，他會(huì)伸展四肢躺在一張舒服的椅子上；當(dāng)挑選衣服或者職業(yè)時(shí)，并不是有明確的理由、目的，或者外部條件來(lái)制約他的決定，僅僅取決于他內(nèi)在的情調(diào)。

15.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務(wù)長(zhǎng))ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroa