考研考博-英語-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thosepersonswhosereligious（）heavilyreliedonrituals，suchasinfantbap-

tism,weremorelikelytosupporttheDemocrats.

問題1選項

A.confession

B.condemnation

C.establishment

D.acknowledgement

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：那些宗教（）極為依賴諸如嬰兒洗禮等儀式的人更可能支持民主黨。A選項confession懺悔，承認；B選項condemnation譴責(zé)，定罪；C選項establishment建立；D選項acknowledgement承認，確認。A選項confession符合句意。

2.單選題

Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth.Theydonot“l(fā)earn”onlyinschool;theylearnalsoduringplay,fromentertainment,andinsociallifewithadultsandwithotherchildren.Totakelargechunksoftimeoutofachild’slife——timeduringwhichheorsheisnotpositively,thatis,educationally,occupied——meanstointerferewithhealthfulmentalgrowth.

Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.Agreatdealoflearningcomesintheformofentertainment,andagreatdealofentertainmentpainlesslyteachesimportantthings.Bynostretchofcriticalstandardscanthetextincomicsqualifyasliterature,orthedrawingsasart.Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil.Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife.Ihaveknownmanyadultswhohavetreasuredthroughouttheirlivessomeofthebookstheyreadaschildren.Ihavenevercomeacrossanyadultoradolescentwhohadoutgrowncomicbookreadingwhowoulddreamofkeepinganyofthesebooksforanysentimentalorotherreason.Inotherwords,childrenspendalargeamountoftimeandmoneyonthesepublicationsandhavenothingpositivetoshowforit.Andsincealmostallgoodchildren’sreadinghassomeeducationalvalue,comicsbytheirnaturearenotonlynon-educational;theyareanti-educational.Theyfailtoteachanythingthatmightbeusefultoachild;theydosuggestmanythingsthatareharmful.

1.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatcomicbooks（

）.

2.Inline2,theunderlinedword“question”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Theauthorcriticizesthosewhowould“makeasharpdistinction”(line7)becausetheauthorbelievesthat

（

）.

4.Inlines11-13,thethreesentencesbeginningwith‘"they”primarilyserveto

（

）.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

問題1選項

A.impairsocialdevelopment

B.couldbenefitfromself-regulation

C.havenoeducationalvalue

D.areobtainedtooeasily

問題2選項

A.matter

B.request

C.objection

D.possibility

問題3選項

A.thebesteducatorsarealsoentertainersofasort

B.withoutentertainmentlittlelearningtakesplace

C.entertainmentandlearningarecloselyinterrelated

D.textbooksoftenadoptcertainhumoroustechniques

問題4選項

A.lamentstudents’lackofinterestintraditionallearning

B.condemnthosewhoprofitbypanderingtochildren

C.indicatewaysinwhichchildrenareshortchanged

D.specifyhowcomicbooksmightbeimproved

問題5選項

A.facetious

B.severe

C.sarcastic

D.analytical

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.考察判斷推理。文章第一二句Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.提到作者認為連環(huán)漫畫冊是反教育的，在很大程度上干擾了教育。教育受阻礙，社會發(fā)展肯定會被阻礙。選項A符合題意。

2.考察詞義。文章第一段第三句Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth提到對于孩子來說，教育不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)的問題，而是精神健康的一部分。question與matter是近義詞，選項A符合題意。

3.考察判斷推理。文章第二段第一句Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.提到把娛樂和學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)分開來是錯誤的教學(xué)方式，更是糟糕的心理學(xué)教育。由此可以看出作者認為娛樂與教育是密不可分的。選項C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章第二段第四句Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil提到孩子們花費大量時間在漫畫連環(huán)冊上，但是沒有從中學(xué)習(xí)到任何東西。作者接下來用了三個以“they”開頭的句子來說明現(xiàn)在的孩子對傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)方法不感興趣：他們不學(xué)習(xí)怎樣去閱讀嚴肅的書籍或者雜志；他們并不能從Western這部電影中真正了解西部人；他們也沒有學(xué)習(xí)到關(guān)于性別、愛情或者生活的知識（Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife）。選項A符合題意，作者對此感到惋惜。

5.考察觀點態(tài)度。作者在文章中有理有據(jù)，通過各種事實來分析漫畫連環(huán)冊對教育的干。選項D符合題意。facetious“詼諧的”；severe“嚴峻的”；sarcastic“諷刺的”；analytical“分析的”。

3.單選題

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka（

）viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

問題1選項

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lenient寬大的，仁慈的；divergent有分歧的；dim暗淡的，昏暗的；cautious小心的，謹慎的。句意：讓所有人出乎意料的是，裁判員對這次犯規(guī)采取了寬容的態(tài)度，一點也沒有懲罰參賽選手。由didnotpunishtheplayeratall可知裁判采取了寬容的態(tài)度。A項正確。答案A

4.單選題

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3000000'sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevisionandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhoistospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor.HedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthemHestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofagesicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.

Inordertopreventthegrowthonship-liftingoffences,somestores,infactaredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemisthatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinantherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999999passengersmuchsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassagelaw-abidingcitizens（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（）.

問題1選項

A.Thereisa"shrinkage"inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

問題2選項

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforthegoods

問題3選項

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

問題4選項

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessional.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesfromstealingarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon'tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

問題5選項

A."theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofproblemforthestores"

B.somepeople"simplyforgettopayforwhattakefromtheshops"

C."thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices"

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"thehonestpublic"定位到第一段的最后一句"Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices."由于商家所謂的"由偷竊造成的損失",誠實的公眾因此而付出了更高的代價。結(jié)合上文可知"shrinkage"指店內(nèi)行竊案件,所以選項D更準確。

2.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的首句"Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves."商店行竊者可分為三大類:專業(yè)扒手、蓄意的業(yè)余扒手和控制不了盜竊沖動的扒手。所以第三類人就是無法抵擋誘惑的人,選項C符合原文。

3.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"law-abiding"定位到第四段。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知：那些禁受不住誘惑的人,往往在其他方面是遵紀守法的好公民,他們很少是家境貧困的。他們偷東西不是因為付不起錢,而是心不在焉拿走東西忘記付錢了。所以選項A表述錯誤,他們并不貧窮;選項C也表述錯誤;選項D在文中沒有提及;所以只有選項B符合原文句意。

4.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)笫二段的最后一句"they（theprofessional）accountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting"可知選項A錯誤,而選項D正確;根據(jù)第三段"Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts."可知選項B正確;根據(jù)四段的第二句"Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor."這類盜賊并不貧窮,那么言下之意就是人們認為盜賊應(yīng)該是貧窮的。所以選項C也正確。只有選項A表述錯誤。

5.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文上一句"itisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority."這是由于一小部分人的做法給大多數(shù)無辜的人帶來了懲罰和不便的又一個例子。也就是第一段所說的：公眾因此而付出了更高的代價。所以選項C正確。

5.單選題

Menandwomenofallagescanbenefitfrom（）amountsofdailyphysicalexercise.

問題1選項

A.desperate

B.considerate

C.literate

D.moderate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項desperate“絕望的；不顧一切的”；B選項considerate“體貼的；考慮周到的”；C選項literate“精通文學(xué)的；受過教育的”；D選項moderate“穩(wěn)健的；適中的；有節(jié)制的”。句意：所有年齡段的男性和女性都可以通過（）的每日體育鍛煉受益。根據(jù)語境，moderate“適中的；有節(jié)制的”搭配physicalexercise“體育鍛煉”比較合理。因此D選項正確。

6.單選題

Itwasno________thathiscarwasseennearthebankatthetimeoftherobbery.

問題1選項

A.coincidence

B.convention

C.certainty

D.complication

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“巧合，一致發(fā)生”；B選項“大會，公約”；C選項“確認”；D選項“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜”。句意：在銀行被搶的時候他的車被看到停在附近，這絕對不是（）。根據(jù)句意，這個人在推測為什么正好在銀行被搶的時候在附近看到了他的車，會不會也太巧了。這里結(jié)合選項應(yīng)該選A。

7.單選題

Presumably,excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

問題1選項

A.Theoretically

B.Practically

C.Incredibly

D.Probably

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。presumably“大概；推測起來；可假定”；A選項theoretically“理論地；理論上”；B選項practically“實際地；幾乎；事實上”；C選項incredibly“難以置信地；非常地”；D選項probably“大概；或許；很可能”。句意：據(jù)推測，過量食用油炸食品會產(chǎn)生嚴重的后果，這已被證明。根據(jù)句中“excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoods吃油炸食品過多”可知presumably在這里應(yīng)表示一種推測，因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

GreatBritainusedtobecalledempireonwhichsunneversets.Butitsnavalforcewasalmost（

）duringtheattack.

問題1選項

A.annihilated

B.prohibited

C.diminished

D.empowered

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項annihilate“徹底消滅”；B選項prohibit“阻止，禁止”；C選項diminish“減少，縮小”；D選項empower“使自主；授權(quán)”。填入一個過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，But表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由關(guān)鍵信息navalforce“海軍力量”可知annihilate“徹底消滅”的過去分詞annihilated符合題意，句意為：英國曾經(jīng)被稱作日不落帝國。但它的海軍力量幾乎在進攻期間被徹底消滅。故答案選A。

9.單選題

Theworkthatwomendohasalwaysbeenfundamentaltotheglobaleconomy.Buttheircontributionhasn’tregisteredwithtraditionaleconomicinstitutionsbecausesomuchofithasbeennonmonetary.Infact,onecommoneconomictermfornonmonetaryworkisinactivity.It’sthatattitudethathasmadewomen’sworkinvisible.Nowonderthebattlecryofthewomen’smovementwasequality.

Bymovingintotheworldofpaidwork,inrichcountriesatleast,womenhaveindeeduppedtheirvisibility.ButIdoubtthatyoucould,makeaveryconclusivecasethattheyhavebecomeequaltomen.TheUnitedNationsestimatedin1993thateconomicequalitybetweenthesexeswouldtake,atthepacethenprevailing,1,000yearstoachieve.Themedialovefemalehighfliers,thehandfulofcompanydirectorsandCEOswhoaretrottedouttimeandagainasevidenceofthegainswomenhavemade.Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.

Thisbalancingactisaformulaforunfulfillment.Itwouldhavebeenfarmoreequitableforwomeninthelongrunifitwasthenonmonetaryworkthathadbeensharedout—if,forexample,menspentmorethanafractionofthetimewiththeirchildrenthattheirwivesdo.AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.AsmyfriendHazelHendersonsays,ourkidsdidn’twanttoseeusturnintothebestbloodymen.

Still,it’sverymuchatrendtofocusontheglobaleconomicimpactofwomen,particularlyasit’sfeltinthesmall-scaleinitiativesthatwomenhaveestablishedaroundtheworld.Dealingdirectlywitheconomicallymarginalizedcommunitiesandcooperativesaroundtheglobe,I’veseenhowwomenholdasocietytogether.Economicopportunitymeansmuchmoretothemthanmoney.Italsofostersthefundamentalsofself-esteem:education,healthcare,culturalcontinuityandthechancetoprotectthepastwhileshapingafuture.

Asenseofcommunityisoneoftheso-called“feminine”valuesthatethicalbusinessthinkersputforwardintheirquestfornewparadigms.Thesevaluesreflectintimatepersonalandculturalattributesthatareinmanywaysthereverseoftheglobal-marketsyndrome,whichisallaboutdistance,impersonalityandthemovementofcapitalregardlessofhumanconsequence.Youdon’thavetowonderwhatwouldhappenifwecouldfeminizeeconomicactivityandeconomicrelations.Thereisalreadyplentyofevidenceintheworkofsomepioneeringfemalethinkerswhoseconcernaboutthesocietytheirchildrenwillinheritpromisestofundamentallychangeglobaleconomics.

Infact,mostofthefinancialsector’sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.WhyamInotsurprised?Globalizationisamug’sgamebeingplayedinaMan’sworld.Icanimagineadaywhencompassioncountsasmuchascashflow.Afterall,thechallengesthatconfrontthebusinessworldalreadydemandaholisticperspective.Andwhoisgoingtobebestequippedtofacethatfuture?

1.Accordingtothewriter,mostwomen（）.

2.Theexpression"saddledwith"inLine10ofParagraph2means（）.

3.Thefifthparagraphsuggeststhatineconomicactivityandeconomicrelations,women（）.

4.Bysaying"Globalizationisamug'sgamebeingplayedinaman'sworld",thewritermeans（）.

5.Thewriterimpliesinthelastparagraphthatthepersonswhoaregoingtobebestequippedinworldeconomyare（）.

問題1選項

A.wanttodemonstratehowresponsibletheyareindoingbusiness

B.areignorantoftheglobaleconomy

C.justseeksimplefairnessratherthanequality

D.arefedupwiththeirhusbands'spendinglesstimetheirchildren

問題2選項

A.letdown

B.putupwith

C.playedup

D.burdenedwith

問題3選項

A.aremuchmorecompassionatethanmen

B.arelessqualifiedthanmen

C.canmakealotofintimatefriends

D.attachmuchimportancetoeconomicconsequences

問題4選項

A.itismenwhocanreallyhavetheeconomicglobalizationmaterialized

B.menareunlikelytosucceedineconomicglobalization

C.mendonottakeeconomicglobalizationseriously

D.itisapieceofcakeformentoglobalizetheworldeconomy

問題5選項

A.universitystudents

B.futurists

C.men

D.women

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“AndIbelievethat,inpractice,mostwomenwouldprefersimplefairnesstoeconomicequality.”我認為，實際上大多數(shù)女性更喜歡簡單的公平，而不是經(jīng)濟上的平等。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Buttheyarenottrulyrepresentativeoftheaverageworkingwoman,saddledwithadoubleburdenasshetriestobalanceherjobwithlifeasamotherandhomemaker.”但她們并不能真正代表普通職業(yè)女性，在努力平衡工作與母親和家庭生活的過程中，她們背負著雙重負擔(dān)。選項D符合原文。

3.第五段的內(nèi)容主要是講共同體意識也是商業(yè)倫理思想者提倡的所謂的“女性”價值之一。它與只著眼于金錢，而不考慮人格和文化特征的全球經(jīng)濟模式不同。根據(jù)第六段提到的，由于未來的商業(yè)社會要求采取整體性思維和更具同情心，而女性在這樣的環(huán)境中更有發(fā)展，所以選項A符合原文。

4.“mug'sgame”指費力不討好的事。這里指商業(yè)世界面臨的挑戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)需要一個全面的視角。說明男性在經(jīng)濟全球化中不太可能成功。選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“mostofthefinancialsector'sinnovativethinkingonsociallyresponsiveinvestinghascomefromwomen.”財政部門大多數(shù)對社會負責(zé)的投資具有創(chuàng)新思維的建議來自女性。說明作者認為女性在未來社會中的地位將會更加舉足輕重。選項D正確。

10.單選題

Byprovidinglegalrepresentation,theAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionworkstodefendcitizensagainstbreachesoftheircivilrights.

問題1選項

A.branches

B.exercises

C.performance

D.violations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。breach表示“違反，缺口”；A項branch“樹枝”，B項exercise“運動，練習(xí)”，C項performance“表現(xiàn)，性能”，D項violation“違反，妨礙”。句意：通過提供法律代理，美國公民自由聯(lián)盟致力于保護公民的公民權(quán)利不受侵犯。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

11.單選題

Iwantsomething（

）placedinthiswindowsothatnoonewillbeabletowatchme.

問題1選項

A.crotchety

B.opaque

C.inductive

D.incongruous

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。crotchety“有怪想的”；opaque“不透明的”；inductive“感應(yīng)的；誘導(dǎo)的”；incongruous“不協(xié)調(diào)的，不一致的”。句意：我想放一些不透明的東西到窗戶上，這樣就沒人能看見我了。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

FollowingtheguidelinesforspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder,（

）duringthemeeting.

問題1選項

A.andavoidlargedecision-makingorganizations’proceduralcanfusion

B.largedecision-makingorganizationsavoidproceduralconfusion

C.isproceduralconfusionavoidedbylargedecision-makingorganizations

D.areavoidingproceduralconfusioninlargedecision-makingorganizations

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。題干主語為Followingtheguidelines，其后的forspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder是后置定語。句意：遵循羅伯特的《議事規(guī)則》這本書里的指導(dǎo)方針，大型決策機構(gòu)可以避免會議中的程序混亂。C項意思不符，D項主謂不一致，A項結(jié)構(gòu)不對，故答案為B。

13.單選題

Iamsurethatdiseasemustpropagateinsuchunsanitaryandcrowdedareas.

問題1選項

A.eliminate

B.transmit

C.replace

D.isolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項eliminate“消除；排除”；B選項transmit“傳輸；傳播；發(fā)射；傳達；遺傳”；C選項replace“取代，代替；替換，更換；歸還，償還；把……放回原處”；D選項isolate“（使）隔離，孤立；將……剔出；（某物質(zhì)、細胞等）分離；區(qū)別看待（觀點、問題等）”。句意：我相信疾病一定會在這樣不衛(wèi)生、擁擠的地方傳播。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞propagate“傳播；傳送；繁殖；宣傳”，得知B選項正確。

14.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorry,youmustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds"but"toanapology,（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying"I'msorryyou'reupset"mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause（）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（）.

問題1選項

A.shedoesn'tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthat,heowesheranapology

問題2選項

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I'mawareyou'reupset,butI'mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問題3選項

A.itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問題4選項

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問題5選項

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段"Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology."可知如果在道歉后加了"but"，那么會使那個受傷的人感覺為了得到別人的道歉，他得先為自己不好的行為道歉。與D項“這個孩子可能會覺得他欠他媽媽一個道歉”相符。故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone."如果這樣道歉——“我很抱歉你生氣了”;這表明你在某種程度上是錯誤的，因為你讓自己被別人的所作所為弄得心煩意亂?！庇纱丝芍狼溉似鋵嵅]有真正地道歉，而是認為別人是由于自己的原因而心情不好。與B項相符。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段"Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement."如果家長道歉說“我是個沒用的家長”并不能讓一個人得到任何具體的改善。可知用這種道歉方法是無效的。故C項正確。

4.判斷推理題。Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.但是，即使孩子們看到了真誠悔過的例子，他們?nèi)匀恍枰獛椭鷣硎蛊湟庾R到道歉的復(fù)雜性。一個三歲的孩子可能需要幫助來理解其他孩子也像他一樣感到疼痛，用沉重的玩具打玩伴的頭需要道歉。一個六歲的孩子可能需要被提醒，辜負其他孩子的期望可能需要道歉。一個12歲的孩子可能需要被告知，未經(jīng)許可就亂翻餅干罐是可以接受的，但未經(jīng)許可就借父母的衣服就不行。最后一段舉例講述了不同年齡段的孩子都需要不同程度的提醒或告誡來使其意識到道歉的復(fù)雜性。故B項“在教小孩子道歉時應(yīng)考慮他們的年齡?！闭_。

5.判斷推理題。全文介紹了幾種偽道歉，最后總結(jié)這幾種道歉方式是無效的，并且提醒讀者教小孩道歉要考慮到他們的年齡。由此可見恰當(dāng)?shù)牡狼覆]有看起來那么簡單。A項“合理道歉是需要立即關(guān)注的社會問題”文中未提及；B項“合理道歉在家庭成員中不必要”與文中提到的“A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.”不符；C項“合理道歉是社會進步的標(biāo)志”與文中內(nèi)容無關(guān)。故答案D

15.單選題

Itwouldbe（）toarriveataconclusionnow.

問題1選項

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項premier“首要的；第一的”；B選項premature“早產(chǎn)的；不成熟的”；C選項preliminary“初步的；預(yù)備的”；D選項prior“先前的；優(yōu)先的”。句意：現(xiàn)在就下結(jié)論會……。在任何時候都可以做出一個決定，如果這項決定沒有深思熟慮過，那么實施起來就會遇到問題，所以不能夠過早的下定結(jié)論。因此B選項符合題意。

16.單選題

Thestorywas（）;itwascompletelyuntrue.

問題1選項

A.facilitated

B.fascinated

C.fabricated

D.formulated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項facilitated“促進；幫助”；B選項fascinated“使著迷；使陶醉”；C選項fabricated“編造；虛構(gòu)”；D選項formulated“規(guī)劃”。句意：這個故事是……的，完全不真實。根據(jù)后面的評價completelyuntrue“一點也不真實”，可以知道這個故事是編造而成的。因此C選項符合題意。

17.單選題

Thewalkersinfrontcrossedtheledgeeasily,seemingly（）ofthefactthattherewasa3000-footdroponeitherside.

問題1選項

A.pretentious

B.remindful

C.attentive

D.oblivious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。pretentious“炫耀的，做作的”;remindful“提醒的，留意的”；attentive“注意的，體貼的”；oblivious“遺忘的；不注意的”。前半句的句意是：前面的人輕松地跨過了巖架，與后文“巖架兩側(cè)深達3000英尺”形成對比，可推測空格處是要表達“好像沒有注意到……”，選項D符合題意。

18.單選題

We’reextremelyinterestedinthesourceofthese（）rumors.

問題1選項

A.salient

B.fictitious

C.ascetic

D.indelible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項salient“顯著的；最重要的”；B選項fictitious“虛假的”；C選項ascetic“清苦的，苦行的”；D選項indelible“無法忘記的，不可磨滅的”。句意：我們對這些（）謠言從何而來非常感興趣。既然是rumors“謠言”，很多人會不假思索地相信，就不至于salient“顯著的；最重要的”，fictitious“虛假的”比較符合生活實際。因此B選項正確。

19.不定項選擇題

Afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontest,Cecile’sspeechfocusesonahistoryofAmericansandtheworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightof“ourhumanitarianobligation.”Theunconscionableactsofhistoryarerepeating,buttheworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”shesaid,withaswingofherhipandanindignantglare.

HowcouldtheUnitedStatesthatbondedafterSept.11,2001,leavepeopleonrooftopssurroundedbyfloodwatersalmostfouryearslater,shequestioned.Itallcomesdownto“peopleneglectingpeople,”shesaidmatter-of-factly.

“EverybodyispartofGod’screation.Everybodydeserveshelp.Weallaregoingtoneediteventuallyinourlifetime,andforustoneglectanyonefromanywhereisjusthorrible,”Cecilesaid,shakingherhead.

EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.

“Howcanwesayhopeforthoseunseenwhenwedonothelpthemhavehopeorbelievethereishopebecausewecan’tseethem?”theGodwinMiddleSchoolstudentasked,nearlymakingthewallsshakewithheremphasisontheword“we”.

Theworldhasahistoryofgreatleaderswhobroughtinternationalwrongstolight,shesaid,jabbingherindexfingerintotheairinfrontofher.ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout,shesaid,furiouslypacingtheclassroomfloor.

“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit…iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument.

Allthreestudentsunderstanditcouldbetheirvoicethatmotivatesthemassestomorrow.Theirspeechescouldbringtheissuesintothelightastheyfollowthetraditionofgreatoratorsbeforethemonthedayhonoringoneofthegreatest.

Aftercareful,quietconsideration,SethsaidthecontestandcelebrationwouldhavemovedKing.

“Itisthelittlepeopletryingtomakeadifference,recitingspeechesandallofthis.Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday,”hesaid.

“Andhowdidhestartit?Hestarteditthroughhisvoice,youknow.Throughjustspeakingupforwhatisright.Andnotbeingafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butknowingwhatisrightand