考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門(mén)演藝職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門(mén)演藝職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Almostsinceitsinception,Israelhasbeeninconflict.WhatroledoeswarplayinshapingtheJewishstates’identity?

I'monthiswhirlwindtouroftheHolyLandcourtesyofBirthright,afoundationthatofferseveryAmericanwithJewishheritageafreetriptoIsrael.Theonlyrequirementsarethatyou’rebetweentheagesof18and26andyouhaveatleastoneJewishparent.That'sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.

IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate,ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconvictions.Anagnosticinfaithandinlife.AtthispointinmylifeIdon'tfollowJudaismoranyreligionforthatmatter.Culturally,I’mkindofwhatever,celebratingChristmasandGroundhogDayandanyotherholidaythatseemslikefun.Ididn’tknowmuchaboutIsraelisasapeople,andknewhardlyanythingaboutthepoliticsoftheregion.

PmonabusinIsraelleavingtheairport.It'sveryearlyinthemorning.Thedayisalreadysohotyoucanseewavesofheatshimmeringoffthehighway.IfeellikeIalwaysdoatthestartofagreatadventure:jetlagged,thirsty,excited.ThebuildingsofTelAvivaregettingsmallerthefurtherwedrive.

Ourtourguide,hisnameisEitan,istalkingintoamicrophone.“Asweheadoutofthecityyou’llseealotofcountryside,”hesays,hisblueeyesgazingfondlyoutthewindowathisadoptedhomeland(EitanisAmerican,yousee,andhehas“madealiyah，’’ortakenIsraelashishomelandandchosenaHebrewname).

“Israelisnotalldesertlikeyoumighthavethought.”Ipayattentionnow,becausethisiswhatIdidinfactthink.“Lookatthatfieldofsunflowers,forexample."

Ilookoutthewindowtomyleftandseethetallyellowflowers.I’mthinkingtheyare

prettyandpicturesque,thenEitansays,“Don’ttheylooklikeproudsoldierslinedupreadyforbattle?"

Itwon'toccurtomeuntilmuchlater,whenmyten-daytouraroundIsraelisfinishedandI’mbackinthesafetyofmypredictable,air-conditionedAmericanlife,thatthiscommentrepresentstwothingsI’vecometounderstandaboutIsraelanditspeople.One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.

Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful“ownership”oftheland.

1.AfreetriptoIsraelisofferedtoeveryyoungAmericanwithJewishheritageinorderforthem（

）.

2.By“IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritableslate”,theauthorimpliesthatshewentintoIsrael

（

）.

3.Thesentence,“WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers”,suggeststhatsubconsciously

（

）.

4.Ascanbeinferredfromthepassage,theauthorfindsherten-daytouraroundIsrael（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tofindoutwhatroleswarplaysinshapingtheJewishstates’identity

B.toseealotofprettyandpicturesquecountrysidesceneryoutofthecity

C.tolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture

D.tosavethemtheexpensesoneverythingincludingairfare,food,accommodation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.open-minded,withoutanyrestrictionsofconventionalideas

B.simple-minded,withoutanythoughtofthepurposeofthetrip

C.empty-minded,withoutmuchknowledgeaboutIsraelisasapeople

D.pure-minded,withoutanypolitical,religiousandculturalinclination

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.IsraelishaveanunrealisticcastofmindasapeoplewithJewishheritage

B.Israelisareverypatrioticandalwaysreadytodefendtheirrighttobelong

C.IsraelisaremuchmoreimaginativethanAmericansaboutthingsinnature

D.Israelisaresopanic-strickenbywarthattheymistakesunflowersforsoldiers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.meaninglessandboring

B.adventurousandthrilling

C.incredibleandbewildering

D.impressiveandrewarding

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題詢問(wèn)給每一個(gè)至少父母中的一方是猶太人的年輕的美國(guó)人一次免費(fèi)去以色列的旅行的目的是什么。根據(jù)原文“That’sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.就是這樣。“與生俱來(lái)的權(quán)利”讓你可以免費(fèi)游覽以色列(我指的是機(jī)票、食物、住宿等等)，了解這個(gè)國(guó)家及其復(fù)雜的過(guò)去和不穩(wěn)定的未來(lái)。”可知C選項(xiàng)‘旅行的目的就是讓更多人了解以色列復(fù)雜的歷史和未知的將來(lái)’正確。

2.句義推測(cè)題。本題詢問(wèn)通過(guò)這句話作者想表達(dá)的意思。IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate句意為“我走進(jìn)了以色列，一個(gè)名副其實(shí)的干凈的國(guó)家”。這句話應(yīng)放到文中更好理解，通過(guò)后面的“ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconviction.她來(lái)自內(nèi)華達(dá)州的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)烈的政治信念。”明確指出不含任何政治傾向，所以D選項(xiàng)“天真的思想，不含任何政治、宗教和文化信仰”正確。

3.句義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文“One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.一、以色列想向這個(gè)世界展示它是美麗的，而不只是炸彈和困難；二、他們對(duì)他們屬于這個(gè)國(guó)家和有權(quán)捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家的權(quán)利有著堅(jiān)定不移的信念?！本C合分析可知，這句話“美國(guó)人明明看到的是向日葵，以色列人卻看到的是士兵”是突出以色列人的愛(ài)國(guó)之心，他們時(shí)刻保衛(wèi)著自己的領(lǐng)土和權(quán)利，所以B選項(xiàng)‘以色列人非常愛(ài)國(guó)，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備捍衛(wèi)他們的歸屬權(quán)利’正確。

4.推理判斷題。本題詢問(wèn)作者認(rèn)為自己的以色列十天游的感受如何。A選項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)意義和無(wú)聊的”；B選項(xiàng)意為“冒險(xiǎn)的和刺激的”；C選項(xiàng)意為“令人難以置信和撲朔迷離的”；D選項(xiàng)意為“影響深刻且受益匪淺的”。根據(jù)原文最后一段內(nèi)容"Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful'ownership,oftheland.旅行結(jié)束后，我腦子里滿是日期、歷史和激動(dòng)人心的演講，比以往任何時(shí)候都不確定誰(shuí)應(yīng)該擁有這片土地的合法所有權(quán)?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

InGreatBritaintodaygoodmannersattableincludeeatingwiththemouthclosed,notlettinganyofthefood（1）theplate,usingtheknifeonlyforcutting,andnottryingtotakefoodacrossthetable.Inotherpartsoftheworldtherearealsorulesforpeopletofollowwhentheyareeating,（2）theyarenotthesameasthoseofBritain.（3）,whatareconsideredgoodtablemannersinsomeothercountriesarewhatBritishpeopletryhardesttoavoid.InArabia,（4）,thepeopleatafeasttakepiecesoffoodwiththeirfingersandbelchloudlytoshowthatthey（5）it.

ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,（6）,toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.Tablesandchairs（7）thecushionsofthepast,andtheladyofthehouse（8）atoneendofthetableinthesamewaythatWesternwomendo.ManyJapanese,however,stillfeelitwouldbewrongtoeatunlessthey（9）onacushionbeforealowtablewithatrayoffoodonit.InmanypartsoftheworldbothtraditionalandWesternstylesofeatingexist（10）.

IntheWesttherearedifferencesbetweentablemannersinvariouscountries,althoughtheyarenotso（11）.InNorthAmericaitispoliteto（12）meatandthenputtheknifedown,taketheforkintherighthand,andeatwithit.MostEuropeanpeople,liketheBritish,keeptheforkinthelefthandandtheknifeintherightallthetime（13）theyareeatingfoodthathastobecut.IntheBritishIslesandScandinavia(Norway,Sweden,DenmarkandIceland)specialknivesandforksaresuedforeatingfish.InFrance,BelgiumandItaly,（14）,itiscorrecttokeepthesameknifeforeverycourse,wipingitonapieceofbread.

Drinkingcustomsattable（15）varyindifferentcountries.InEurope,water,wineorbeerisdrunkwithmealsandcoffeeorteaistakenafterwards.InNorthAmericaabeverage（16）coffee,teaormilkisdrunkwithmeals.

Tablemannersofcourse（17）withtime.Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.Theywereeatensittingonthegroundroundafire,andeveryonetookhisfoodfromapot（18）thefireorcutbitsfromtheanimalorbirdthathadbeencooked.Thewomenwaitedonthewarriorsandafterwardsatewhattheyleft.

Fingerswereusedtoeatfoodthroughoutthemiddleages.Food（19）woodendisheswiththenoblemensittingabovethesalt.Theordinarypeoplesat（20）.InthereignofHenryVII(1509-1547),peoplewerestilleatingwiththeirhandsaftercuttingthefoodwithaclaspknifewhichwasalwayscarriedatthebelt.ForkswerenotusedinEnglanduntilthe17thcentury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallon

B.fallin

C.falloff

D.fallout

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.so

C.however

D.nor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Furthermore

B.However

C.Onthecontrary

D.Indeed

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.yet

C.forinstance

D.but

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.finisheating

B.haveappreciated

C.areliking

D.preferto

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.furthermore

B.however

C.so

D.inaddition

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.areusing

B.havereplaced

C.takeaway

D.takeon

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.presides

B.holds

C.stares

D.stands

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.are

B.sit

C.aresat

D.weresitting

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.sideinside

B.sidetoside

C.sidebyside

D.sideforside

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.marked

B.subtle

C.considerate

D.attractive

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.cutoff

B.cutaway

C.cutup

D.cutdown

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.if

B.which

C.unless

D.when

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.and

C.inaddition

D.however

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.also

C.yet

D.then

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.forexample

B.suchas

C.forinstance

D.takeasanexample

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.havechanged

B.hasdeveloped

C.havereplaced

D.haskept

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.in

C.above

D.beyond

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.iseatenup

B.wereeaten

C.waseatenoff

D.hasbeeneaten

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.atthetable

B.still

C.in

D.belowthesalt

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】（1）fallon落到,指向；fallin塌陷,跌入；falloff減少,跌落,下降；fallout發(fā)生,脫落。根據(jù)句意：不要讓食物從盤(pán)中跌落。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（2）結(jié)合原文句意可知,這里應(yīng)填入but表轉(zhuǎn)折。

（3）結(jié)合上下文句意可知,這里填入Indeed最恰當(dāng),句意：事實(shí)上,在其他一些國(guó)家被認(rèn)為是好的餐桌禮儀卻是英國(guó)人竭力避免的。選項(xiàng)D正確。

（4）根據(jù)原文可知,這里是用阿拉伯人來(lái)進(jìn)行舉例。對(duì)上句觀點(diǎn)舉例說(shuō)明,所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（5）根據(jù)原文可知選項(xiàng)A,C,D均不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),所以不正確。句意：他們大聲打嗝以示感激。選項(xiàng)B正確。

（6）根據(jù)句意：在東方,富人和受教育程度較高的人在很大程度上已經(jīng)接受了西方人的餐桌禮儀和習(xí)俗。沒(méi)有因果關(guān)系,也沒(méi)有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)A,C,D不正確。根據(jù)haveto可知,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（7）原文指桌子和椅子替代了過(guò)去的坐墊,只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（8）presideat主持,負(fù)責(zé)；holdat將溫度保持在...度；stareat凝視,盯?。籹tandat達(dá)到,躊躇。根據(jù)句意：女主人像西方婦女一樣,負(fù)責(zé)在餐桌的一頭招待客人。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（9）根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示他們坐在坐墊上。選項(xiàng)A和B結(jié)構(gòu)不完整,首先排除；unless表假設(shè),等于ifnot,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

（10）句意：在世界上許多地方,傳統(tǒng)和西方的飲食方式并存。選項(xiàng)A和D無(wú)此用法,選項(xiàng)B的用法是fromsidetoside從一邊到另一邊；sidebyside并排,一起,并行不悖。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（11）marked有記號(hào)的,顯著的；subtle微妙的,精細(xì)的；considerate體貼的,顧慮周到的；attractive吸引人的,有魅力的。句意：在西方,不同的國(guó)家有不同的餐桌禮儀,盡管差異不是很顯著。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（12）cutoff切斷,中斷；cutaway切掉,砍掉；cutup抨擊,切碎；cutdown削減,砍倒。句意：在美國(guó)北部,把肉切好后放下刀,然后用右手拿叉子吃肉,這是很禮貌的做法。選項(xiàng)C符合原文句意。

（13）根據(jù)句意：大部分歐洲人,比如英國(guó)人,他們?cè)诔孕枰兴榈氖澄锏臅r(shí)候總是左手拿叉,右手拿刀。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（14）結(jié)合上下文句意可知,這里應(yīng)該是表轉(zhuǎn)折,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（15）上文主要是說(shuō)各個(gè)國(guó)家的餐桌禮儀不同,這里是說(shuō)各個(gè)國(guó)家的飲酒習(xí)俗也不同。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（16）根據(jù)原文可知這里是舉例子的意思。選項(xiàng)A和C一般做插入語(yǔ)或位于句首,需用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；選項(xiàng)D后面接句子也需要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

（17）根據(jù)下文“Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.”可以推測(cè),這里指餐桌禮儀隨著時(shí)間的推移而在變化,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（18）根據(jù)句意：每個(gè)人都從架在火上的鍋里拿食物,或者從煮熟的動(dòng)物或鳥(niǎo)身上切一塊下來(lái)。所以這里用介詞on最為恰當(dāng)。

（19）eatup吃光,耗盡,擊垮；eatoff用…吃。根據(jù)句意：紳士坐在上座,他們用木盤(pán)子吃東西。選項(xiàng)C符合原文句意。

（20）根據(jù)上文“thenoblemensittingabovethesalt”貴族坐在上座,所以普通人應(yīng)該與之相反,坐在下座。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.單選題

Lately,therestaurantchain,which（）mainlytoblue-collardiners,hasbeenhurtbycompetition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.caters

B.fabricates

C.facilitates

D.flees

【答案】A

【解析】句意:最近，這家主要面向藍(lán)領(lǐng)食客的連鎖餐廳由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而遭受損失。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cater迎合;滿足需要；fabricate偽造;facilitate幫助;促進(jìn)；flee逃跑。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞restaurant“餐館”及blue-collardinner“藍(lán)領(lǐng)用餐者”可知A符合句意。

4.單選題

ThemanyriversofChilearerelativelyshort,generallyrisingintheAndesandflowingwesttothePacific.InthenorthernandcentralregionstheriversarefedprimarilybytheperpetualsnowcoveroftheAndes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.everlasting

B.expansive

C.outward

D.movable

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.everlasting永久的，永恒的，經(jīng)久不變的B.expansive廣闊的，遼闊的

C.outward表面的，外表的D.movable可移動(dòng)的，活動(dòng)的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】perpetual的意思為“持續(xù)的，長(zhǎng)久的”，用來(lái)形容snow，指的是安第斯山脈的永久性積雪，everlasting與之詞義相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】智利的許多河流相對(duì)較短，大多發(fā)源于安第斯山脈，向西流向太平洋。在北部和中部地區(qū)，河流的主要水源是安第斯山脈的永久性積雪。

5.單選題

_____thewall,wedecidedthatweshouldneedthreetinsofpaint.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Makingup

B.Doingup

C.Puttingup

D.Sizingup

【答案】D

【解析】makeup組成，化妝，編造；doup整理，修繕，使精疲力盡；putup提供，舉起，提高；sizeup估計(jì)……的大小。句意：從墻的大小估計(jì),我們應(yīng)該需要三罐油漆。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

6.單選題

（

）isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.There

B.This

C.That

D.It

【答案】D

【解析】考查形式主語(yǔ)的用法。本句缺少主語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)完整的句子，由此可知句首只需要一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)it可充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)。句意：英語(yǔ)正在被接受為一種國(guó)際語(yǔ)言，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)。

7.單選題

TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployersandcouldpossiblyreversedecadesofdecliningmembershipamongprivateindustries.

TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldallowauniontoberecognizedaftercollectingamajorityofvotecards,insteadofwaitingfortheNationalLaborRelationsBoardtooverseeasecretballotelection,whichcanoccurmorethan50daysafterthecardvoteiscompleted.

RepresentativesofbusinessonCapitolHillopposethebill.TheNationalAssociationofManufacturers,TheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,theU.S.ChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsopposetheshiftawayfromsecretballotssayingthechangecouldthreatentheprivacyoftheworkers.“Thisisn’taboutpreventingincreasedunionizationit’saboutprotectingrights,’’saidtheNationalAssociationofManufacturer’sJasonStraczewski,ofhisorganization’soppositiontobill.Straczewskisayseliminatingthesecret-ballotstepwouldopenupemployeestocoercion（強(qiáng)迫，脅迫）fromunions.

SamueloftheAFL-CIOcontendstherealcoercioncomesfromemployers.“Workerstalkingtoworkersareequalswhilemanagerstalkingtoworkersaren’t,”Samuelsaid.Hecitesthe31,358casesofillegalemployerdiscriminationactedonbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardin2005.

Samuelalsopointsoutthatcountertoclaimsfromthebusinesslobby,thesecretballotwouldnotbeeliminated.Thechangewouldonlytakethecontrolofthetimingoftheelectionoutofthehandsoftheemployers.“Ontheground,thedifferencebetweenhavingthislegislationandnotwouldbethedifferencebetweennightandday,”saidRichardShawoftheHarrisCountyCentralLaborCouncil,whosaysitwouldhaveatremendousimpactonthelocallevel.

Thebillhasotherprovisions（條款，規(guī)定）aswell.TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldalsoimposebindingarbitration（仲裁）whenacompanyandanewlyformedunioncannotagreeonacontractafter3months.Anagreementworkedoutunderbindingcompulsoryarbitrationwouldbeineffectfor2years,afactthatStraczewskicalls,“borderlineunconstitutional.”“Idon’tseehowitwillbenefitemployeesifthey’relockedintoacontract,”saidStraczewski.

Thebill’sproponentspointtothetrendofrecognizedunionsunabletogetcontractsfromunwillingemployers.TheFederalMediationandConciliationService,theorganizationthatoverseesarbitration,reportedthatin2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers.Thebillwouldalsostrengthenthepenaltiesforcompaniesthatillegallycoerceorintimidateemployees.Asitstands,thelawonthebookshasn’tchangedsubstantiallysincetheNationalLaborRelationsActwasmadeintolawin1935.TheNLBRcanenforcenootherpenaltythanreinstatingwrongfullyfiredemployeesorrecoveringlostwages.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Accordingtoitsopponents,thebill（）.

3.Theword"it"（Line5,Para.5）refersto（）.

4.PeoplesupportthebillbecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT（）.

5.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Housebillaimstospurlaboruniongrowth.

B.Housebillaimstocounterlaboruniongrowth.

C.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstospuremployment.

D.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstoraiseemployee’sincome.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.willprotectemployees'rights

B.willbenefitworkersbybindingcontracts

C.willempowerunionstoomuch

D.makesitpossibleforemployeestoyieldtocoercionfromunions

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thechange

B.thelegislation

C.theAFL-CIO

D.thedifference

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebillwillprobablyenableunionstohavefewermembersofprivateindustries

B.thebillwillallowauniontoberecognizedearlierandhaveagreateffectonthelocallevel

C.bindingarbitrationwillbeimposedtoprotectemployeesifacontractcan’tbeagreedonbetweenarecentlyestablishedunionandacompany

D.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.fewerprivateindustriesjoinedunionsinthepast

B.workers’coercionoftencomesfromunions

C.thebillwillbeawin-and-winoneforemployeesandemployers

D.punishmentauthorizedbythebillwillbelighter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文首段表明眾議院將出臺(tái)新立法，seekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployers,是為了維護(hù)工會(huì)的權(quán)利，激發(fā)工會(huì)的發(fā)展。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞opponents定位到原文第三段第三句，opponents指的是JasonStraczewski。后面他說(shuō)道would?open?up?employees?to?coercion?(強(qiáng)迫：脅迫）from?unions,與選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)。

3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第五段第五行，who指代的是前句中RichardShaw，it指代前句中的legislation。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干說(shuō)下列哪項(xiàng)不是人們支持該法案的原因，文章首段couldreverse?decades?of?declining?membership?among?private?industries(立法有助于改善勞工與雇主之間的關(guān)系)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。最后一段提到in2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers(2004年，45%的新成立工會(huì)被雇主拒絕簽訂第一份合同)，因此答案為A。

8.單選題

TheWorldBankhasfundedmanyimprovementschemes（）,includingshantytownandtransportimprovements.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.global

B.overall

C.worldwide

D.universally

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)global“全球的，總體的”；B選項(xiàng)overall“全部的，全體的”；C選項(xiàng)worldwide“遍及全球地”；D選項(xiàng)universally“普遍地，到處”。句意：世界銀行資助了很多世界各地的改善計(jì)劃，包括貧民區(qū)和交通的改善。根據(jù)句意，只有A、C選項(xiàng)符合意思。題干中的scheme是個(gè)名詞，之后可以加副詞作為定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，而A選項(xiàng)是個(gè)形容詞，故排除。所以本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Gender-basedviolenceencompassesawiderangeofhumanrightsviolations,includingsexualabuseofchildren,rape,domesticviolence,sexualassaultandharassment,traffickingofwomenandgirlsandseveralharmfultraditionalpractices.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.battering

B.trading

C.venerating

D.craving

【答案】B

【解析】句意：基于性別的暴力包括廣泛的侵犯人權(quán)行為，包括對(duì)兒童的性虐待、強(qiáng)奸、家庭暴力、性侵犯和騷擾、……婦女和女童以及若干有害的傳統(tǒng)做法。A選項(xiàng)battering“重創(chuàng)；連續(xù)打擊”；B選項(xiàng)trading“交易；貿(mào)易”；C選項(xiàng)venerating“崇敬；尊敬”；D選項(xiàng)craving“渴望；熱望”。因?yàn)榫渲兴袉?wèn)題都屬于侵犯人權(quán)行為，因此B選項(xiàng)“販賣婦女”符合句意。

10.單選題

WillthereeverbeanotherEinstein?ThisistheundercurrentofconversationatEinsteinmemorialmeetingsthroughouttheyear.AnewEinsteinwillemerge,scientistssay.Butitmaytakealongtime.Afterall,morethan200yearsseparatedEinsteinfromhisnearestrival,IsaacNewton.

ManyphysicistssaythenextEinsteinhasn’tbeenbornyet,orisababynow.That’sbecausethequestforaunifiedtheorythatwouldaccountforalltheforcesofnaturehaspushedcurrentmathematicstoitslimits.Newmathmustbecreatedbeforetheproblemcanbesolved.ButresearcherssaytherearemanyotherfactorsworkingagainstanotherEinsteinemerginganytimesoon.

Foronething,physicsisamuchdifferentfieldtoday.InEinstein’sday,therewereonlyafewthousandphysicistsworldwide,andthetheoreticianswhocouldintellectuallyrivalEinsteinprobablywouldfitintoastreetcarwithseatstospare.

Educationisdifferent,too.OnecrucialaspectofEinstein’strainingthatisoverlookedistheyearsofphilosophyhereadasateenager—Kant,SchopenhauerandSpinoza,amongothers.Ittaughthimhowtothinkindependentlyandabstractlyaboutspaceandtime,anditwasn’tlongbeforehebecameaphilosopherhimself.

“Theindependencecreatedbyphilosophicalinsightis—inmyopinion—themarkofdistinctionbetweenamereartisanorspecialistandarealseekeraftertruth,”Einsteinwrotein1944.

Andhewasanaccomplishedmusician.Theinterplaybetweenmusicandmathiswell-known.Einsteinwouldfuriouslyplayhisviolinasawaytothinkthroughaknottyphysicsproblem.

Today,universitieshaveproducedmillionsofphysicists.Therearen’tmanyjobsinscienceforthem,sotheygotoWallStreetandSiliconValleytoapplytheiranalyticalskillstomorepractical—andrewarding—efforts.

“MaybethereisanEinsteinouttheretoday,”saidColumbiaUniversityphysicistBrianGreene,“butitwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard.”

EspeciallyconsideringwhatEinsteinwasproposing.

“Theactualfabricofspaceandtimecurving?MyGod,whatanidea!”GreenesaidatarecentgatheringattheAspenInstitute.“Ittakesacertaintypeofpersonwhowillbanghisheadagainstthewallbecauseyoubelieveyou’llfindthesolution.”

PerhapsthebestexamplesarethefivescientificpapersEinsteinwroteinhis“miracleyear”of1905.These“thoughtexperiments”werepagesofcalculationssignedandsubmittedtotheprestigiousjournalAnnalenderPhysikbyavirtualunknown.Therewerenofootnotesorcitations.

Whatmighthappentosuchasubmissiontoday?

“Weallgetpaperslikethoseinthemail,”Greenesaid.“Weputtheminthejunkfile.”

26.Whatdoscientistsseemtoagreeupon,judgingfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

27.WhatwascriticaltoEinstein’ssuccess?

28.Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutphysiciststoday?

29.WhatdoesBrianGreeneimplybysaying“...itwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard”(Para.9)?

30.Whenhesubmittedhispapersin1905,Einstein____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ItwilltakeanotherEinsteintobuildaunifiedtheory.

B.ItwillbesometimebeforeanewEinsteinemerges.

C.Einsteinpushedmathematicsalmosttoitslimits.

D.NophysicistislikelytosurpassEinsteininthenext200years.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Histalentasanaccomplishedmusician.

B.Hisindependentandabstractthinking.

C.Hisuntiringefforttofulfillhispotential.

D.Hissolidfoundationinmaththeory.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theytendtoneglecttraininginanalyticalskills.

B.Theyareverygoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.

C.Theyoftengointofieldsyieldinggreaterfinancialbenefits.

D.Theyattachgreatimportancetopublishingacademicpapers.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplehavetocompeteinordertogettheirpaperspublished.

B.Itishardforascientisttohavehispaperpublishedtoday.

C.Nobodywillreadpapersonapparentlyridiculoustheories.

D.PaperslikeEinstein’swouldunlikelygetpublishedtoday.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasknownasayounggeniusinmathcalculations

B.knewnothingabouttheformatofacademicpapers

C.waslittleknowninacademiccircles

D.forgottomakefootnotesandcitations

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoscientistsseemtoagreeupon,judgingfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?從前兩段來(lái)看，科學(xué)家們似乎都同意什么？

A.ItwilltakeanotherEinsteintobuildaunifiedtheory.A.建立統(tǒng)一理論需要另一個(gè)愛(ài)因斯坦。

B.ItwillbesometimebeforeanewEinsteinemerges.B.一個(gè)新的愛(ài)因斯坦還需要一段時(shí)間才能出現(xiàn)。

C.Einsteinpushedmathematicsalmosttoitslimits.C.愛(ài)因斯坦幾乎把數(shù)學(xué)推到了極限。

D.NophysicistislikelytosurpassEinsteininthenext200years.D.在未來(lái)的200年里，沒(méi)有物理學(xué)家可能超過(guò)愛(ài)因斯坦。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thefirsttwoparagraphs定位到原文前兩段。第1段3-4句提到“科學(xué)家們說(shuō)（scientistssay），一個(gè)新的愛(ài)因斯坦將會(huì)出現(xiàn)（willemerge）。但這可能需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（takealongtime）。”由此可知，科學(xué)家們都同意B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)新的愛(ài)因斯坦還需要一段時(shí)間才能出現(xiàn)”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“建立統(tǒng)一理論需要另一個(gè)愛(ài)因斯坦”，原文第2段提到“下一個(gè)愛(ài)因斯坦還沒(méi)有出生，或者現(xiàn)在是個(gè)嬰兒”，是因?yàn)椤皩?duì)統(tǒng)一理論的追求，已經(jīng)把當(dāng)前的數(shù)學(xué)推到了極限”，“問(wèn)題解決必須創(chuàng)造新的數(shù)學(xué)（Newmathmustbecreated）”。由此可知，因?yàn)楫?dāng)前的數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)展已經(jīng)到了極限，只有創(chuàng)造新的數(shù)學(xué)，才能建立統(tǒng)一的理論，選項(xiàng)表述與原文不符；

C選項(xiàng)“愛(ài)因斯坦幾乎把數(shù)學(xué)推到了極限”，可定位到第2段第2句，該句提到“對(duì)可以解釋所有的自然力的統(tǒng)一理論的追求，已經(jīng)把當(dāng)前的數(shù)學(xué)推到了極限?！庇纱丝芍褦?shù)學(xué)推到極限的不是愛(ài)因斯坦，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“在未來(lái)的200年里，沒(méi)有物理學(xué)家可能超過(guò)愛(ài)因斯坦”，“200年”可定位到第1段最后一句，該句提到“愛(ài)因斯坦和牛頓相距兩百多年（morethan200years）”，由此可知，原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)新的愛(ài)因斯坦式的物理學(xué)家出現(xiàn)還需要200多年，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatwascriticaltoEinstein’ssuccess?愛(ài)因斯坦成功的關(guān)鍵是什么？

A.Histalentasanaccomplishedmusician.A.他作為一個(gè)有造詣的音樂(lè)家的才能。

B.Hisindependentandabstractthinking.B.他獨(dú)立而抽象的思維。

C.Hisuntiringefforttofulfillhispotential.C.他為發(fā)揮自己的潛力所做的不懈努力。

D.Hissolidfoundationinmaththeory.D.他扎實(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞critical定位到原文第4段第2句，該句提到“在愛(ài)因斯坦的訓(xùn)練中，有一個(gè)重要的方面（Onecrucialaspect）被忽視了，那就是他十幾歲時(shí)閱讀的哲學(xué)。”另外，后一句提到“這教會(huì)了他如何獨(dú)立而抽象地思考（thinkindependentlyandabstractly）空間和時(shí)間?！庇纱丝芍@個(gè)關(guān)鍵的因素就是閱讀哲學(xué)培養(yǎng)的獨(dú)立思考和抽象思考的能力。B選項(xiàng)“他獨(dú)立而抽象的思維”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他作為一個(gè)有造詣的音樂(lè)家的才能”，可定位到原文第6段，該段提到了他的音樂(lè)才能，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)這是關(guān)鍵因素，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置；

C選項(xiàng)“他為發(fā)揮自己的潛力所做的不懈努力”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他扎實(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutphysiciststoday?關(guān)于今天的物理學(xué)家，作者告訴了我們什么？

A.Theytendtoneglecttraininginanalyticalskills.A.他們往往忽視分析技能的培訓(xùn)。

B.Theyareverygoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.B.他們非常擅長(zhǎng)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題。

C.Theyoftengointofieldsyieldinggreaterfinancialbenefits.C.他們通常進(jìn)入經(jīng)濟(jì)效益更大的領(lǐng)域。

D.Theyattachgreatimportancetopublishingacademicpapers.D.他們非常重視發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞physiciststoday定位到原文第7段。本段提到“今天，大學(xué)培養(yǎng)出了數(shù)百萬(wàn)物理學(xué)家。在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，適合他們的工作并不多，所以他們?nèi)チ巳A爾街和硅谷（theygotoWallStreetandSiliconValley），把自己的分析技能應(yīng)用到更實(shí)際（practical）、更有回報(bào)的（rewarding）工作中?！庇纱丝芍捎诳茖W(xué)領(lǐng)域沒(méi)有適合的工作，現(xiàn)在的物理學(xué)家去了華爾街和硅谷這些經(jīng)濟(jì)效益高的地方工作，C選項(xiàng)“他們通常進(jìn)入經(jīng)濟(jì)效益更大的領(lǐng)域”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們往往忽視分析技能的培訓(xùn)”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“他們非常擅長(zhǎng)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題”，“實(shí)際”可定位到第7段，由【解題思路】可知，原文的“實(shí)際”指的是華爾街和硅谷的工作更實(shí)際，即能解決工作和收入等實(shí)際問(wèn)題，而不是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的物理學(xué)家們更擅長(zhǎng)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“他們非常重視發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文”，原文最后三段雖然提到了學(xué)術(shù)論文，但討論是現(xiàn)在的學(xué)術(shù)論文發(fā)表需要參考文獻(xiàn)，否則會(huì)被認(rèn)為一無(wú)是處，并未提及現(xiàn)在的物理學(xué)家重視發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatdoesBrianGreeneimplybysaying“...itwouldbealotharderforhimtobeheard”(Para.8)?BrianGreene說(shuō)“……對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，讓別人聽(tīng)到他的話會(huì)更難”（第8段）想表達(dá)的是什么？

A.Peoplehavetocompeteinordertogettheirpaperspublished.A.為了讓論文發(fā)表，人們不得不競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

BItishardforascientisttohavehispaperpublishedtoday.B.一個(gè)科學(xué)家今天發(fā)表論文是很困難的。

CNobodywillreadpapersonapparentlyridiculoustheories.C.沒(méi)有人會(huì)讀那些顯然是荒謬?yán)碚摰恼撐摹?/p>

DPaperslikeEinstein’swouldunlikelygetpublishedtoday.D.像愛(ài)因斯坦這樣的論文不太可能在今天發(fā)表。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Para.8定位到原文第8段。第8段只有一句話，即物理學(xué)家Greene說(shuō)“也許今天就有一個(gè)愛(ài)因斯坦，但要讓人們聽(tīng)到他的聲音要困難得多”，因此他說(shuō)這句話的意圖，應(yīng)該到下文去找。第9段提到即“尤其是考慮到愛(ài)因斯坦提出的理論（whatEinsteinwasproposing）?！庇纱丝芍?，愛(ài)因斯坦的聲音很難讓人聽(tīng)到，與他所提出的理論有關(guān)。第10段提到，理論的證明需要有人去碰壁（banghisheadagainstthewall）；第11-13段提到“愛(ài)因斯坦曾發(fā)表了5篇沒(méi)有任何腳注或引用的純‘思想實(shí)驗(yàn)’的論文”，而這種情況如果發(fā)生在今天“會(huì)被扔進(jìn)垃圾桶（puttheminthejunkfile）”。由此可知，因?yàn)閻?ài)因斯坦的論文是純思想性的，沒(méi)有任何腳注或引用，所以在今天，沒(méi)有人會(huì)發(fā)表這種類型的論文，論文無(wú)法發(fā)表，自然就不能被大眾看到，即“他的聲音讓人聽(tīng)到很難”。因此，D選項(xiàng)“像愛(ài)因斯坦這樣的論文不太可能在今天發(fā)表”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“為了讓論文發(fā)表，人們不得不競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，原文并未提到“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)科學(xué)家今天發(fā)表論文是很困難的”，原文并未說(shuō)“發(fā)表論文很難”，只是說(shuō)沒(méi)有任何腳注和引用的論文很難發(fā)表，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人會(huì)讀那些顯然是荒謬?yán)碚摰恼撐摹保闹皇钦f(shuō)這類看似荒謬的論文很難發(fā)表，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)沒(méi)有人會(huì)想讀，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whenhesubmittedhispapersin1905,Einstein____.當(dāng)他在1905年提交論文時(shí)，愛(ài)因斯坦____。

A.wasknownasayounggeniusinmathcalculationsA.被稱為數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算方面的年輕天才

B.knewnothingabouttheformatofacademicpapersB.對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)論文的格式一無(wú)所知

C.waslittleknowninacademiccirclesC.在學(xué)術(shù)界鮮為人知

D.forgottomakefootnotesandcitationsD.忘記做腳注和引用

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞in1905定位到原文第11段。該段第2句提到“這些‘思想實(shí)驗(yàn)’是由一個(gè)實(shí)際上不知名的人（avirtualunknown）簽署并提交給著名的《物理學(xué)年鑒》的數(shù)頁(yè)計(jì)算。”由avirtualunknown可知，當(dāng)時(shí)愛(ài)因斯坦并不