考研考博-英語-呼倫貝爾學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-呼倫貝爾學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hefeltagreatsenseof（）afterhissuccess.

問題1選項

A.fulfillment

B.fortification

C.innovation

D.illumination

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。fulfillment“履行，實行，滿足”；fortification“防御工事”；innovation“創(chuàng)新”；illumination“闡明”。句意：成功后他獲得了一種滿足感。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Whileadmiringthatthisforecastwas（）uncertain,thescientistswarnedagainsttreatingitasacryofwolf.

問題1選項

A.anyhow

B.somewhere

C.somewhat

D.anyway

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：雖然承認(rèn)這次預(yù)報不確定，但科學(xué)家仍警告不要把它當(dāng)作危言聳聽。anyhow總之，無論如何；somewhere在某處，到某處；somewhat有點(diǎn)，稍微；anyway總之，無論如何。因此，C項符合句意。

3.單選題

Inhislecture,ProfMendezreviewedtheevidencesforthealteredviewoftheplateboundarybetweentheIndiansubcontinentandtheTibetanPlateauthatisnowgaininggroundamong

Europeangeologist

問題1選項

A.reviewedthe

B.evidencesforthealteredview

C.thatisnow

D.gainingground

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】名詞誤用。evidences去掉s。evidence在句中表示"證據(jù)",為不可數(shù)名詞。

4.單選題

Duringthe19thcentury,JewsinmostEuropeancountriesachievedsomeequalityofstatuswithnon-Jews,attimesJewswereharassedbyanti-Semiticgroups.

問題1選項

A.annoyed

B.opposed

C.exploited

D.despised

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:在19世紀(jì)的時候，大多數(shù)歐洲國家的猶太人獲得了與非猶太人的平等地位，但是有時他們還會受到反猶太人群體的討厭。

annoy:煩惱，惹惱。oppose:反對，反抗。exploit:開發(fā)，開拓。despise:輕視，蔑視。harass:困擾，煩惱。故選A。

5.填空題

Thosethatexperienceafailedmarriagefeellikefailuresontheirown.Theyfeelthattheyshouldhavebeenabletodosomethingdifferenttomakethemarriage（1）.Theymayhavebeenbetrayedbyanaffair,（2）stillfeelasifitistheirfault.Therapycanhelpsomeonework（3）feelingslikethatiftheypersist.Manyseeafailedmarriageasapersonalfailure,andthatcanbehardtoget（4）,evenasafewyearshavegonebyandtheyhavemovedontoanewrelationship.Thisis（5）thatneverreallygoesaway—butthatdoesnotmeanyoucannotlearnhowtodealwithitina（6）manner.

Thosethatdidnotseethedivorcecomingaregoingtobehardesthitby（7）ishappening.Whiletheotherspousewaspullingaway,theymaynothavehadany（8）thattheirpartnerwashurtingorwishingtobeoutofthemarriage.Forthem,dealingwiththefailedmarriageisgoingtobeveryhard,andtheyaregoingtotryeverythingto（9）it.Attimes,thiscanbedone,butnot（10）.Prepareforthisifyouaretheonethatwantedthe（11）.Understandwheretheyarecomingfromandyoucanavoidalotof（12）andhardfeelingsinthefuture.Thatisveryimportantifyouhavechildrentogether.

Goingthroughafailedmarriageisnevereasyonanyone,evenifitappearstoyouthatyourspouseis（13）ormovingonmuchsoonerthanyoueverthoughttheycould.Gethelpdealingwithyourfeelingsifyoufindthatyou（14）cannotfindareasonforwhathappenedandyoucannotmoveon（15）sometypeofclosureorclarityaboutyourfailedmarriage.

Remember,notallmarriagesaregoingtolastnomatterwhathappens,butthatdoesnotmeanyoucannotfindanotherpartnerandtakeyourlessonfromyourfirstmarriagewithyoutoensurethisdoesnothappentoyouagain.

【答案】1.work

2.but

3.through

4.over

5.something

6.positive

7.what

8.idea

9.save

10.always

11.divorce

12.resentment

13.indifferent

14.simply

15.without

【解析】1.上下文語義。根據(jù)句意，“那些經(jīng)歷過失敗婚姻的人會覺得自己是失敗的。他們覺得他們本應(yīng)該做些不同的事情來讓婚姻繼續(xù)下去?！?，可知空格中要填入的單詞意思為“繼續(xù)”，又因為固定搭配makesth.do“讓……做某事”，可知空格中應(yīng)填入動詞原形。故應(yīng)填入work。

2.上下文邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袂耙痪涮岬絋heymayhavebeenbetrayedbyanaffair…，“他們可能被婚外情出賣了”，空格后一句提到…stillfeelasifitistheirfault，“仍然覺得是自己的過錯”?？芍昂髢删浯嬖谵D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以填入轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，故應(yīng)填入but。

3.固定搭配，根據(jù)固定搭配workthrough“解決，克服”，可知句意：如果他們堅持下去，心理治療可以幫助他們克服這種感覺。故應(yīng)填入through。

4.固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配getover“克服，熬過”，可知句意：許多人把失敗的婚姻看作是個人的失敗，這是很難克服的，即使幾年過去了并且他們已經(jīng)開始了一段新的感情。故應(yīng)填入over。

5.上下文語義。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾空格中的事物。根據(jù)上文提到許多人把失敗的婚姻看作是個人的失敗，這是很難克服的，即使幾年過去了并且他們已經(jīng)開始了一段新的感情還是依然如此，可知這里要表達(dá)的意思是“這是一種永遠(yuǎn)不會消失的事情”。故應(yīng)填入something。

6.上下文語義。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，可知上下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。上文提到“這是一種永遠(yuǎn)不會消失的事情”，可知下文要表達(dá)的意思為：這并不意味著你不能學(xué)會如何以一種積極的方式處理它。故應(yīng)填入positive。

7.語法題。根據(jù)句意，“那些沒有預(yù)見離婚的人將受到正在發(fā)生的事情的沉重打擊”，又根據(jù)介詞by，可知空格中應(yīng)填入賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞，表達(dá)“正在發(fā)生的事情”。故應(yīng)填入what。

8.固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配havenoidea“不知道，不清楚”，可知句意：他們可能根本不知道他們的伴侶正在受到傷害或者想要離婚。故應(yīng)填入idea。

9.上下文語義。根據(jù)句意：對他們來說，處理失敗的婚姻將是非常困難的，他們會盡一切努力來挽救它?？膳袛辔恼孪胍磉_(dá)的意思為“挽救婚姻”。故應(yīng)填入save。

10.上下文邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)空格前的but，可知前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。上文提到有時候，失敗的婚姻能夠得到挽救。可知下文表達(dá)的意思是“但是不總是能夠成功做到”。故填入always。

11.上下文語義。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾one。根據(jù)上文Prepareforthisifyouaretheone“如果你是那個想要……的人，做好準(zhǔn)備吧”。可判斷出本句要表達(dá)的意思為“想要離婚的人”。故應(yīng)填入divorce。

12.上下文語義。根據(jù)并列連詞and，可知前后存在并列關(guān)系。根據(jù)空格后hardfeelings“不愉快的情緒”，可知and前應(yīng)該也是表達(dá)消極意義的詞匯，并且和hardfeelings屬于同一名詞詞類，具有相似的性質(zhì)。故填入resentment。

13.上下文語義。根據(jù)evenif“即使”，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，可知前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。上文提到經(jīng)歷一段失敗的婚姻對任何人來說都不容易，可知evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句想要表達(dá)的意思為：即使你覺得你的配偶非常冷漠，或者比你想象的更早離開。故應(yīng)填入indifferent。

14.語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格中應(yīng)該填入一個副詞，用來修飾動詞find。根據(jù)句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你根本找不到事情發(fā)生的原因，那就尋求幫助來處理你的情緒?？膳袛喑隹崭裉帒?yīng)填入的單詞可表達(dá)的意思為“僅僅，簡單地”。故應(yīng)填入simply。

15.上下文語義。根據(jù)空格前提到y(tǒng)oucannotmoveon，“你將無法繼續(xù)前進(jìn)”，空格后提到sometypeofclosureorclarityaboutyourfailedmarriage，“關(guān)于你失敗婚姻的某種了結(jié)或澄清”，可判斷出前后兩句的關(guān)系為：如果沒有對失敗婚姻的某種類型的了結(jié)或澄清，你將無法繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故應(yīng)填入without。

6.單選題

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

問題1選項

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hasto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府有必要吸引更多投資到造船業(yè)。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。Itisimperative（essential/necessary/desirable/important/vital..等）+that引導(dǎo)的主語從句中謂語動詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣:動詞原形或should+動詞原形。故選C。

7.翻譯題

什么是幸福？古今中外，很多人都對它作出過不少的論述。幸福是一種心境、一種感覺，是心里欲望得到滿足時的狀態(tài)，是感到生活有巨大樂趣并自然而然地希望它持續(xù)久遠(yuǎn)的愉快心情。有些人窮其一生卻找不到幸福，而有些人則時刻被幸福光環(huán)所圍繞。這是因為幸福的人有一顆感知幸福的心，有一雙善于發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福的眼睛。對于這樣的人，一切都顯得美好。房后清風(fēng)做琴，檐下雨露為弦，屋頂鳥啾如歌，天上月光當(dāng)酒。幸福簡單又深奧，玄妙又簡潔。所以要想得到幸福就要有一種如水心態(tài)，在平淡中尋找幸福，在細(xì)微中品味幸福。幸福有時就是一個分式，欲望是分母，所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福，最好的方法莫過于減少分母，增加分子。

【答案】Whatishappiness?Manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussionaboutitatalltimes.Happinessisakindofmood,afeeling,astatewhendesiresintheheartissatisfied,orahappymoodwhichfeelsthegreatjoyoflifeandhopesthatitcanlastforalongtimenaturally.Somepeoplespendtheirentirelivesbutcannotfindhappiness,whileothersarealwayssurroundedbyit.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveaheartwhichcanperceivehappiness,andapairofeyeswhichisgWhatishappiness?Ancientandmodern,manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussiononit.Happinessisamood,afeeling,astateofmindinwhichthedesiresoftheheartaresatisfied,ajoyfulmoodinwhichonefeelsthatlifehasgreatpleasuresandnaturallywantsthemtolast.Somepeoplegothroughlifewithoutfindinghappiness,whileothersaresurroundedbyahaloofhappiness.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveahearttoperceivehappiness,andapairofeyesgoodatfindinghappiness.Fortheseperson,alliswell.Behindthehouse,windasalyre;undertheeaves,rainanddewasastring;ontheroof,birdstweetlikeasong;andinthesky,moonlightaswine.Happinessissimpleandprofound,mysteriousandconcise.Soifyouwanttogethappiness,youshouldhaveamentalitylikewater,lookingforhappinessintheplain,andtastinghappinessinthesubtle.Happinessissometimesafraction,desireisthedenominator,whilegainsisthenumerator.Ifyouwantmorehappiness,thebestwayistoreducethedenominatorandincreasethenumerator.

8.單選題

Thefactoryoperated（

）untiltheorderwasfilled.

問題1選項

A.attimes

B.totheminute

C.daybyday

D.aroundtheclock

【答案】D

【解析】句意:工廠晝夜不停地運(yùn)行直到訂單滿額。

考查短語辨析。attimes有時,偶爾;totheminute準(zhǔn)時;daybyday每一天;aroundtheclock晝夜不停地。根據(jù)后半句句意“知道訂單滿額”推測D符合句意。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

縱觀國際國內(nèi)大勢，我國發(fā)展仍處于可以大有作為的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。我們要準(zhǔn)確判斷重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期內(nèi)涵和條件的變化，全面把握機(jī)遇，沉著應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，贏得主動，贏得優(yōu)勢，贏得未來，確保到2020年實現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)成小康社會的宏偉目標(biāo)。

【答案】AnexaminationofboththecurrentinternationalanddomesticenvironmentsshowsthatChinaremainsinanimportantperiodofstrategicopportunitiesforitsdevelopment,aperiodinwhichmuchcanbeachieved.Weneedtohaveacorrectunderstandingofthechangingnatureandconditionsofthisperiod,seizeallopportunities,respondwithcool-headednesstochallenges,andgaininitiativeandadvantagestowinthefutureandattainthegoalofcompletingthebuildingofamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespectsby2020.

10.單選題

73.5percentofmajorU.S.firmsreportthattheyrecordandreviewtheiremployees'communicationsandactivitiesonthejoB.Thelargerthecompany,themorelikelyitistoengageinmonitoringandsurveillanceactivities,accordingtoasurvey.Brokendownbybusinesscategory,surveyrespondentsinthefinancialservicessectorleadthepackswhenitcomestomonitoringtheiremployeese-mailandInternetconnections.

Webersaysheseescompaniesgothrougha"lifecycle"withtheirInternetexperience.Whentheyfirstgetconnected,companiesseeasurgeofactivityandanimmediatedrop-offinproductivity.Afterabouttwoorthreeweeks,Internetuselevelsoff,Webernotes.Weberobservesthatamonghisclients,he'sseeingatrendwhereemployersarelettingthelifecyclerunitscourse.Inothercases,Webersayshisclientsarecapturingtheinformation,butnotreallydoinganythingaboutit.OnethingtheexpertsallagreeonisthatifyouusetheInternetandprovideaccesstoyouremployees,youshouldhaveapolicyinplacethatdefineswhatyoudeemtobepermissibleusebyemployees.WeberbelievesthatnocompanywantstobeintheroteofBigBrother,butstillmustprotectoneofitsmostvaluableassets.Norareemployerslookingtomicro-managetheiremployees.ManycompaniesareviewinguseoftheInternetassimilartothephone,andoperatingwiththephilosophythatincidentalpersonaluseisokay."Butsomeclientsdon'tseeaneedtorestrictaccess,"heexplains.ForcertaintheissuesthatsurroundmonitoringemployeeInternetusearen'tgoingtoquietdownanythingsoon,theexpertssay."Maybethesimplestsolutionistojustallowacertainpercentagetogotoemployeeuse."

1.InmonitoringtheInternetuseoftheemployees,whichofthefollowingtakethelead?

2.WhichofthefollowingmayrightlydescribethelifecycleofInternetuse（）

3.Whatcanwesayaboutmostcompanies'attitudetowardsemployeeInternetuse?

4.Weknowfromthispassagethatexpertsthink（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitle?

問題1選項

A.Computercompanies.

B.Telecommunicationcompanies.

C.Financialfirms.

D.Largecompanies.

問題2選項

A.Asuddenriseinthefirst2-3weeksfollowedbyasuddendrop-off.

B.Agradualincreasetothefirst2-3weeksfollowedbyagradualdecrease.

C.Agradualincreasetothefirst2-3weeksfollowedbylevelingoff.

D.Asuddenriseinthefirst2-3weeksfollowedbylevelingoff.

問題3選項

A.Supportive.

B.Disapproving.

C.Tolerant.

D.Cautious

問題4選項

A.theeasiestsolutionistoconfineInternetusetocertainemployees

B.policiesshouldbelaiddowndefiningthelimitofinternetuseforemployees

C.restrictionsonemployeeInternetusemayhelpincreaseproductivity

D.limitingemployeeInternetusemaydoharmtotheimageofcompanies

問題5選項

A.InternetIsCausingTroubleforEmployers

B.ManagingEmployeeUseoftheInternet.

C.TheControversyoverInternetUse.

D.TheNegativeSideofInternet.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句："surveyrespondentsinthefinancialservicessectorleadthepackswhenitcomestomonitoringtheiremployeese-mailandInternetconnections."句中的financialservicessector與選項C對應(yīng)。故答案為C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞lifecycleofInternetuse定位到第二段的第二、三句"Whentheyfirstgetconnected,companiesseeasurgeofactivityandanimmediatedrop-offinproductivity.Afterabouttwoorthreeweeks,Internetuselevelsoff,Webernotes."網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽量前兩周激增,隨后逐步下降。選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第四句"ManycompaniesareviewinguseoftheInternetassimilartothephone,andoperatingwiththephilosophythatincidentalpersonaluseisokay."大部分的公司允許員工因私人原因適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡蛱鼐W(wǎng)。選項C比選項A更符合。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞experts定位到第二段的第六句"Onethingtheexpertsallagreeonisthat...usebyemployees."專家們一致同意的一件事是,如果你使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并為你的員工提供訪問權(quán)限,你應(yīng)該制定一個政策來定義你認(rèn)為雇員可以使用的內(nèi)容。選項B符合原文。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容分析,本文主要是講述企業(yè)主應(yīng)該如何處理員工上網(wǎng)的問題。所以選項B正確。

11.單選題

Henry’snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso（

）thatnothinghadbeenomitted.

問題1選項

A.understanding

B.comprehensible

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。understanding“理解”；comprehensible“可理解的”；comprehensive“綜合的；廣泛的”；understandable“可以理解的”。句意：亨利的新聞報道非常詳盡，幾乎沒有遺漏。選項C符合題意。

12.單選題

（

）quantitiesofwaterarebeingusednowadayswiththerapiddevelopmentofindustryandagriculture.

問題1選項

A.Excessive

B.Extensive

C.Extreme

D.Exclusive

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如今，隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)快速發(fā)展水的消耗很大。

形容詞辨析。Excessive過多的，過分的;Extensive廣泛的，大量的;Extreme極端的;exclusive獨(dú)有的，排外的。因此B符合句意。

13.單選題

Thisspaciousroomis（）furnishedwithjustafewarticlesinit.

問題1選項

A.lightly

B.sparsely

C.hardly

D.rarely

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這間寬敞的房間設(shè)備稀少，里面只有幾件物品。

考查副詞辨析。lightly輕輕地，輕松地，滿不在乎地;sparsely稀疏地，節(jié)省地;hardly幾乎不，幾乎沒有；rarely難得，很少，表示少見，不經(jīng)常的情況。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“里面只有幾件物品”可知B符合句意。

14.單選題

（

）bytheheavyclothes,hefailedtojumpontothemediumsizedtable.

問題1選項

A.Hampered

B.Prevented

C.Facilitated

D.Encountered

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項Hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項Prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”；C選項Facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項Encounter“遭遇，邂逅”。句意：受到厚衣服的束縛，他沒能跳上中等大小的桌子。選項A符合語境。

15.單選題

UnlessyoulivedthroughtheEisenhowerera,itmaybehardtoimaginetheimpactoftheon-screensightofsneeringhigh-schoolstudentschallengingadultswithswitch-blades.Butin1950sAmerica,killingwasstillseenassomethingrareandhorrible,somethingdonebysoldiersinbattle,bylawmen,bygangsters,orbytheoccasionalpsychopath.

Homicidesinmovies,eventhoseconsideredviolent,wereinfrequent.Thosefilmspresentedjuveniledelinquencymoreasthethreadofrebellionanddisobediencethanofoutrightviolence.

TheideaofAmericanteenagersaskillerswasbeyondcompression.Thechangein1957whenawaveofteen-street-gangkillinginNewYorkCity(22inthefirstsixmonthsoftheyear)spurredtheemergencydeploymentofsixhundredPoliceAcademycadetsinawaronteenstreetcrime.Thoughteenviolencesoonlostitsplaceinnewsheadlinestoothercrises,itdidnotgoaway.

Thirty-fiveyearslaterAmericaisinthegripofaviolenceepidemicthathastransformedthecountryintooneofthemostdangerousnationsonearth.Thenationalhomiciderate,correctedforpopulationgrowth,increasedalmostexactly100percentfrom1950to1990.Inmajorcitiestheincreasehasbeenmuchhigher.InLosAngelesCountythe1953homicidetotalwas82.In1992,withapopulationalmostdoubled,thetotalwas2,512一anincreaseofover1,000percent.Thesearestaggeringincreasebyanymeasure,withtheone-yeartollforL.A.CountyexceedingthedeathsinoverfifteenyearsofconflictinNorthernIreland.

Youthcrimeaccountsforadisproportionatenumberofthesekillings.That’smorethantwicethenumberrecordedadecadeearlier,reflectingthefact,accordingtoFBIreports,thatthenumberofyouthswhocommittedmurderwithgunswasup79percentinonedecade.Clearlysomethinghasgonehorriblywrong.Inlookingforarootcause,oneofthemostobviousdifferencesinthesocialandculturalfabricbetweenpost-WorldWarIIandpre-WorldWarIIAmericaisthemassiveandpervasiveexposureofAmericanyouthtotelevision.Sincethe1950s,behavioralscientistsandmedicalresearchershavebeenexaminingscreenviolenceasapossiblecausativeelementinAmerica’sspiralingviolentcrimerate.Thereiscompellingevidenceofadirect,demonstrablelink.HomicidehasbecomethesecondleadingcauseamongAfrican-Americanyouth.In1992theUSsurgeongeneralcitedviolenceastheleadingcauseofinjurytowomenaged15to44,andtheUSCentersforDiseaseControlconsiderviolenceapublichealthissue,tobetreatedasanepidemic.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

3.Amajorreasonforyouthcrimeincreaseis（）.

4.Itisafact,in1992,that（）.

5.Theword“spiraling”（Para.5）iscloseinmeaningto（）.

問題1選項

A.fromthe1950sonhigh-schoolstudentshavebeenathreattothesafetyofadults

B.inthe1950sonlysomegun-menusedgunasweapons

C.itwasinthelate1950sthatviolencewasfrequent

D.youthcrimebeganinthe1950s

問題2選項

A.Thereweremorethan22killingsofteenagersinNewYork,in1957.

B.Thewaveofteenmurderurgedpolicementotakeaquickaction.

C.ViolencewassoemergentthatevensixhundredstudentsofPoliceAcademywereturnedtoforhelp.

D.SixhundredstudentsofPoliceAcademywereinvolvedinthestreetcrime.

問題3選項

A.populationgrowstoomuch

B.youngpeopleareexposedtoomuchtoscreenviolence

C.violenceisapublicissue

D.theeconomicbackground

問題4選項

A.populationinLosAngeleswasof2,512people

B.homicidetotaled352inLosAngeles

C.homicideroseupto2,512inLosAngeles

D.populationinLosAngeleswasover1,512

問題5選項

A.moving

B.changing

C.rising

D.falling

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知沒有提及高中生對成年人的安全構(gòu)成威脅,所以選項A錯誤;選項B在文中也沒有提及;根據(jù)二三段的內(nèi)容,在20世紀(jì)50年代的美國很難想象青少年犯罪,然而確實發(fā)生了,“TheideaofAmericanteenagersaskillerswasbeyondcompression.”由此可以推斷,選項D正確。原文主要說的是青少年犯罪而不是暴力,所以選項C不正確。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thechangein1957...teenstreetcrime.”1957年,紐約市發(fā)生了一起青少年街頭幫派殺人事件(今年前6個月有22起),促使600名警察學(xué)院學(xué)員緊急部署,以打擊青少年街頭犯罪。所以選項D錯誤。

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sincethe1950s,behavioralscientists...demonstrablelink.”自20世紀(jì)50年代以來,行為科學(xué)家和醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員一直在研究銀幕暴力,認(rèn)為它可能是美國不斷上升的暴力犯罪率的原因之一。有令人信服的證據(jù)表明,兩者之間存在直接的聯(lián)系。所以選項B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)兩句“InLosAngelesCounty...ofover1,000percent.”1953年洛杉磯縣共有82個殺人犯。1992年,殺人犯總數(shù)達(dá)到2512,幾乎翻了一番——增加超過1000%。選項C正確。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)原文句意可知,“spiraling”指急劇增長的。選項C與之意思相近。

16.翻譯題

42.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(15’)

中央電視臺春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會（簡稱“春晚”）自1983年開辦以來，已成為中國人文化生活中不可缺少的文化消費(fèi)品和一個揮之不去的文化符號。雖然眾口難調(diào)，但必須承認(rèn)的是，“春晚”已成為公眾所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不僅是一臺晚會，更是一種儀式與象征，一種文化與標(biāo)簽，一種情感與寄托。隨著時代發(fā)展及新媒體的出現(xiàn)，觀眾的選擇和需求日漸多樣化，“春晚”也在與時俱進(jìn)，以滿足大眾日益增長的文化需求。

【答案】【參考譯文】

TheCCTVSpringFestivalGala(SpringFestivalGalaforshort),whichwasstartedin1983,hasbecomeanindispensableculturalconsumerproductandaculturalsymbolintheculturallifeoftheChinesepeople.Thoughit’shardtosatisfythetastesofallthepeople,ithastobeadmittedthattheSpringFestivalGalahasbecomea“newcustom”forthepublicthattheycan’tlivewithout.TheSpringFestivalGalaismorethanagala;itisaritualandasymbol,acultureandalabel,andanemotionandaplacewherepeopleentrusttheirheartsto.Withthedevelopmentofthetimesandtheemergingofnewmedia,theaudiencesarehavingmorediversifiedchoicesanddemands.Corresponding,theSpringFestivalGalaisalsoadvancingwiththetimestosatisfythegrowingculturalneedsofthepeople.

17.單選題

EverySundayeveningthereisa（

）ofpeoplearoundthepavilionintheparksinceithasbecomearegularsiteforanEnglishcorner.

問題1選項

A.congruence

B.congratulation

C.congress

D.congregation

【答案】D

【解析】congruence適合，一致；congratulation祝賀，賀辭；congress代表大會；congregation集會，集合。句意：自從這里成為英語角的固定場所后，每個星期天的晚上都會有很多人聚集在公園的亭子周圍。選項D符合句意。

18.單選題

Noneofusknowsthenameofthat（

）insect.

問題1選項

A.funnylittlered

B.redlittlefunny

C.littlefunnyred

D.redfunnylittle

【答案】A

【解析】多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序為：限定詞（數(shù)量）；外觀；形狀（大小，高矮，肥瘦），年齡，顏色，國籍，材料，用途。所以只有選項A正確。

19.單選題

Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilityto（）furtherresearch.

問題1選項

A.renew

B.arouse

C.advocate

D.stimulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項renew“使更新；續(xù)借”；B選項arouse“引起，喚醒，激起（某種情感）”；C選項advocate“提倡，擁護(hù)”；D選項stimulate“刺激，鼓舞，促進(jìn)（某一事物的開始或進(jìn)一步發(fā)展）”。句意：科學(xué)理論的一個重要特性是它能夠激起對某一話題的_____研究。這里表示的是它能夠激起某一話題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考，因此D選項符合題意。

20.單選題

Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinagediscriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedatsuccessfulclaims.WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,andcasesofhiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.

Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-mangerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiringatleastforentryleveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious(虛構(gòu)的)entrylevelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmoreliketobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.

Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkerthatforotherworkerswhentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.

Fromtheemployer’sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employersmaybelesslikelytoremoveprotectedolderworkersbecausetheystillfearlawsuits.Onethingwedoknowisthatonceanolderworkerlosesajob,heorsheismuchlesslikelytofindanewjobthanayoungerworkeris.

Unfortunately,theeffectoflegislationprohibitingagediscriminationisnoteasytoseeandmayactuallybepartofthereasonitissodifficultforolderworkerstofindemployment.Ifitismoredifficulttofireanolderworkerthanayoungerworker,afirmwillbelesslikelytowanttohireolderworkers.Indeed,myresearchfindsthatinstateswhereworkershavelongertimetobringalawsuitclaim,oldermenworkfewerweeksperyear,arelesslikelytobehired,andlesslikelytobefiredthanmeninstateswheretheydonothaveasmuch.

NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.However,legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanaceas(萬靈藥).Therecentlyproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.

41.Alotofcasesofagediscriminationarenotknownbecause（）.

42.ThelabormarketexperimentinBostonshowsthat（）.

43.Whatmayleadtotheincreaseofdiscriminationlawsuitsduringtimesofhighunemployment?

44.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthat（）.

45.Theauthoris（）whenheanalyzestheagediscriminationissue.

問題1選項

A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecently

B.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon’tsueexceptthewhites

C.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthem

D.benefitsfromwinningalawsuitmaynotbeenoughtocovertheexpenses

問題2選項

A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterparts

B.agediscriminationisquitecommoninthehiringprocess

C.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicants

D.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob

問題3選項

A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination.

B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination.

C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

問題4選項

A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepast

B.allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementsinthepast

C.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan’tfreeoldworkersfromagediscrimination

D.therecentlyproposedcongressionallegislationissue

問題5選項

A.pessimistic

B.partial

C.objective

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】41.推理判斷題。定位在第二段的最后一句casesofhiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.（許多年齡歧視沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)）說出了事實，接下來第三段開始說明原因。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.（其他群體不提出訴訟主要是因為訴訟費(fèi)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過潛在的利益。）由此可知，許多年齡歧視的案例未被發(fā)現(xiàn)主要是因為提出訴訟的價格高，而給本人帶來的利益也有限。因此D選項“打贏官司的好處可能不足以支付費(fèi)用”正確，符合題意。A選項“年齡歧視法是最近才出臺的”，B選項“除白人外，其他受歧視的群體不起訴”根據(jù)原文Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-mangerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.（大多數(shù)起訴的人都是白人男性中層管理人員，他們很可能失去可觀的工資和養(yǎng)老金。）只說了大多數(shù)是白人，說法過于絕對，可排除。C選項“年齡歧視案件數(shù)量眾多，很難全部發(fā)現(xiàn)”均不符合題意。故選D。

42.推理判斷題。定位在第四段Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiringatleastforentryleveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBoston…（有強(qiáng)有力的實驗證據(jù)表明，至少在初級職位的招聘中存在年齡歧視。最近，我在波士頓做了一個勞動力市場實驗……）實驗調(diào)查內(nèi)容就是為了證明年齡歧視在招聘過程中很普遍。因此B選項“年齡歧視在招聘過程中是很常見的”，正確，符合題意。A選項“年輕的男性求職者比女性求職者更有可能被聘用”，實驗未涉及性別歧視，可排除。C選項“作者通過對女性申請者的面試來收集信息”，與題意不符，可排除。D選項“50歲的女性申請者永遠(yuǎn)不會有機(jī)會找到工作”說法過于絕對，可排除。根據(jù)原文Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmoreliketobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.（在這一組中，較年輕的申請人——高中畢業(yè)日期表明他們不到50歲比較年長的申請人更有可能被召回面試。）只是相較于50歲的申請人而言，青年會更有優(yōu)勢。A，C，D選項均不符合題意，故選B。

43.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在第五段的最后兩句Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.（在高失業(yè)率時期，歧視訴訟的數(shù)量會增加，但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)本身并不意味著年齡歧視的水平會增加。在失業(yè)率較高的時期，打官司的機(jī)會成本比經(jīng)濟(jì)好的時候要低。）由此可知高失業(yè)率時期訴訟機(jī)會成本較低會導(dǎo)致訴訟案件增加。因此C選項“訴訟機(jī)會成本的降低”正確，符合題意。A選項“年齡歧視加劇”，B選項“年齡歧視的減少”，D選項“訴訟機(jī)會成本的增加”，均不符合題意，故選C。

44.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在最后一段的第一句NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.（沒有多少人會建議我們回到《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》頒布之前的世界，在《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》頒布之前，廣告會明確規(guī)定他們愿意雇傭的人的具體年齡。）由此可知，以前的雇主會明確規(guī)定求職者的年齡。因此A選項“在過去，雇主可以指定他們想要雇傭的人的年齡”正確，符合題意。B選項“過去所有的雇主都通過廣告招聘工人”，說法過于絕對，錯誤。C選項“立法禁止歧視并不能使老工人免于年齡歧視”，根據(jù)原文legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanaceas.（立法禁止歧視并不是萬靈藥）年齡歧視應(yīng)該是老人在應(yīng)聘過程中會遇到的，《歧視法》不是萬能藥，至少也能夠?qū)σ徊糠秩诉m用，故可排除。D選項“最近提出的國會立法問題”，表面信息，不需要推理，可排除。故選A。

45.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本文講述了工作中的年齡歧視問題。第一段引出話題，第二三段用數(shù)據(jù)說明，最后得出結(jié)論用立法來解決年齡歧視的問題并不是萬能的，最近的提案也可能有其利弊。作者在整篇文章中都沒有帶自己的主觀色彩，由此可知作者對年齡歧視問題的分析是客觀的。因此C選項“客觀的”正確，符合題意。A選項“悲觀的”，B選項“部分的；不公平的”，D選項“可疑的”，均不符合題意，故選C。

21.單選題

Ifyoup