考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Tourismdevelopsculture.Itbroadensthethinkingofthetravelerandleadstoculture（1）betweenthehostsandguestsfromfar-offplaces.Thiscanbenefitthelocals,sincetouristsbringculture（2）them.

Tourismmayhelptopreserveindigenouscustoms,（3）traditionalshows,parades,celebrationsandfestivalsareputonfortourists.Themusicals,playsandseriousdramaofLondontheatresandotherkindsofnightlifeare（4）supportedbytourists.Sucheventsmightdisappearwithoutthestimulusoftourismto（5）them.

Ontheotherhand,tourismoftencontributestothedisappearanceoflocaltraditionsandfolklore.Churches,templesandsimilarplacesofworshipare（6）astouristattractions.Thiscanbe（7）theexpenseoftheiroriginalfunction:howmanybelieverswanttoworshipinthemiddleofaflowofatheistinvaders?Whowouldwanttopray（8）curiousonlookersshuffletoandfrowithguidebooks,ratherthanprayerbooks,intheirhands?

Tourismmaybringotherindirectculturalconsequencesinits（9）.Tensionswhichalreadyexistbetweenancientandmoremodernwaysmaybedeepenedbytourists’ignoranceof（10）customsandbeliefs.Tourists,ifnotactuallyricher,oftenseemmorewell-offthannatives.Theformermaythereforefeelsuperior,（11）thelatterembarrassedabouttheirlifestyles.Theresultmaybeaninferiorfeelingwhich（12）helpsthesenseofidentitywhichissoimportanttoregionalculture.Thepovertyofalocalitycanlookevenworsewhen（13）withthecomfortablehotelenvironmentinhabitedbytourists.ProsperousretiredorelderlytouristsfromBritain,wheretheaveragelifeexpectancyis75years,maywell（14）resentmentinSierraLeone,wherethelocalpopulationcanexpecttolivetonomorethan41years.Therelativeprosperityoftouristsmay（15）crime.InGambia,unemployedyoungpeopleoffertoactas“professionalfriends”—guides,companionsorsexualpartnersinreturnformoney.Whenthetourismseasonisover,theycannolongergetwagesthatwaysothey（16）topettystealingfromthelocalpopulace.Allthisaffectsthelocalsociallifeandculture（17）.

Culturalerosioncanalsotakeplaceatmore（18）levels.Greekvillagerstraditionally（19）themselvesontheirhospitality.Theywould（20）travelersforfree,feedingthemandlisteningtotheirstories.Totakemoneywouldhavebeenadisgrace.Thathaschangednow.Touristsexisttobeexploited.Perhapsthisishardlysurprisingiftheearningsfromoneroomrentedtoatouristcanexceedateacher’smonthlysalary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conflict

B.contact

C.concern

D.constraint

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.to

C.over

D.by

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.likethat

B.ifwhen

C.asif

D.aswhen

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.largely

B.extremely

C.positively

D.totally

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.entertain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.pertain

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.considered

B.taken

C.treated

D.made

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.at

C.in

D.to

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.that

C.while

D.when

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.sake

B.wake

C.sense

D.cost

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.regional

B.native

C.territorial

D.local

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.making

B.allowing

C.ignoring

D.leaving

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.hardly

B.seldom

C.usually

D.sometimes

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.compared

B.contrasted

C.related

D.associated

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.generate

B.produce

C.make

D.leave

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.increase

B.enhance

C.encourage

D.ascend

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.go

B.turn

C.alter

D.change

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.hostilely

B.reciprocally

C.conversely

D.adversely

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.minor

B.small

C.subtle

D.micro

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.prided

B.famed

C.sang

D.claimed

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.puton

B.putup

C.putdown

D.putoff

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查名詞辨析。conflict矛盾，沖突；contact交流，聯(lián)系；concern關(guān)心，在意；constraint限制。句意：使主人和來(lái)自遠(yuǎn)方的客人之間產(chǎn)生文化聯(lián)系。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.

考查固定搭配。bringsth.withsb.為固定搭配，意為“隨身攜帶某物”。句意：旅游者帶來(lái)的文化使當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袷芤?。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.

考查固定搭配。aswhen可以表示舉例，意為“比如……的時(shí)候”，句意：正如傳統(tǒng)展示的閱兵、慶祝儀式和節(jié)日會(huì)演都是給旅行者看的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.

考查副詞辨析。largely“大量地，主要地”；extremely“極端地”；positively“肯定地”；totally“完全地”。句意：倫敦劇場(chǎng)的音樂(lè)劇、戲劇以及其他各種夜生活主要為旅行人士所支持。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。entertain娛樂(lè)；retain保留；maintain保持；pertain屬于，關(guān)于；句意：如若沒(méi)有旅游業(yè)的刺激來(lái)維持這些事件，那他們可能都會(huì)消失。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.考查固定搭配。considered考慮；taken帶走；treated對(duì)待；made使，讓。betreatedas“被作為……，視為……”。句意：教堂、寺廟…等地被視為旅游景點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.考查固定搭配。attheexpenseof“以……為代價(jià)”。句意：以其原始功能為代價(jià)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.

考查連詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)好奇的旁觀者們翻閱旅游手冊(cè)時(shí)，誰(shuí)會(huì)想要去祈禱呢？while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

9.

考查形容詞詞義辨析。insake“為了”；inwake“醒來(lái)”；insense“在某種意義上”；incost“在成本上”。句意：旅游業(yè)可能會(huì)帶來(lái)間接文化后果的覺(jué)醒和復(fù)蘇。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.

考查形容詞辨析。regional地區(qū)的，區(qū)域的；native本國(guó)的，地道的；territorial領(lǐng)土的，土地的；local地方的。句意：加深了游客們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗和信仰的忽視。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。making讓……，使……；allowing允許；ignoring忽略；leaving遺留，留下；句意：前者可能因此感到優(yōu)越，而他們的生活方式留給后者的卻是尷尬。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

12.

考查副詞辨析。hardly意為“幾乎不”或者“剛剛”，表程度；seldom意為“很少”，表頻率。usually“經(jīng)?！保籹ometimes“有時(shí)”；句意：這一結(jié)果可能是會(huì)讓人感覺(jué)低人一等，它幾乎無(wú)益于喚起認(rèn)同感。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.

考查搭配。compared比較；contrasted對(duì)比；related相關(guān)，關(guān)聯(lián)；associated聯(lián)系。contrastwith“把……與……對(duì)比”；句意：當(dāng)與游客們居住的舒適酒店環(huán)境作對(duì)比時(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。generate產(chǎn)生；produce生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)出；make使，讓?zhuān)籰eave遺留，留下。句意：平均壽命75歲的英國(guó)游客可能會(huì)對(duì)SierraLeone產(chǎn)生憎恨。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

15.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。increase增加；enhance加強(qiáng)；encourage鼓勵(lì)；ascend上升。句意：旅游的相對(duì)繁榮可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)犯罪。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.

考查固定搭配。turnto“轉(zhuǎn)向……”。句意：當(dāng)旅游季節(jié)結(jié)束，他們不能再得到工資，所以他們轉(zhuǎn)向偷竊當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姟＿x項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.

考查副詞辨析。hostilely“敵對(duì)地”；reciprocally“相互地”；conversely“相反地”；adversely“不利地”。句意：當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐣?huì)生活和文化產(chǎn)生不利影響。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

18.

考查形容詞辨析。minor較小的；small小的；subtle精細(xì)的；micro微小的。句意：文化腐蝕也能在更精細(xì)的水平上產(chǎn)生。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

19.

考查固定搭配。prideon“為……自豪，得意于……”。句意：一般而言，希臘村民們因其熱情好客而自豪。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.

考查固定搭配。puton穿上，上演，增加；putdown鎮(zhèn)壓，記下，貶低；putoff推遲，扔掉，阻止；putup意為“提供食宿”。句意：他們會(huì)免費(fèi)給旅行者們提供食宿。

2.寫(xiě)作題

Somepeoplethinkweshouldspendasmuchmoneyaspossibleexploringouterspace(forexample,travelingtothemoonandtootherplanets).OtherpeopledisagreeandthinkweshouldspendthismoneyforourbasicneedsonEarth.Whichofthesetwoopinionsdoyouagreewith?Why?

【答案】SpaceExploration3.單選題

Itshouldbe

thatasindividualsgiftedstudentsareendowedwithcertainattributeswhichrepresenttheirpotentialsuccessinlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reminded

B.perceived

C.marked

D.noted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。remind“提醒，使想起”；perceive“理解，認(rèn)知”；mark“標(biāo)志”；note“注意；記錄”。句意：要認(rèn)識(shí)到一點(diǎn)：作為個(gè)體，有天賦的學(xué)生被賦予了某些特性，這些特性代表著他們生命中潛在的成功。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

AhugefirethatengulfedanancientTibetantowninShangri-la,Yunnanprovince,onSaturdayhascausedexpertstocallforheightenedfiresafetyinhistoriclocationsacrossthecountry.ThefirestartedearlyonSaturdaymorningandlastedabout12hours,destroying242housesintheoldTibetantownofDukezonginShangri-la,capitaloftheDiqingTibetautonomousprefecture.Dukezongtownisthelargestandbest-preservedTibetancommunityinallofChina’sTibetanareas.ItwasalsoakeystopontheAncientTea-HorseCaravanRouteandafocalpointforHan-Tibetanexchanges.

【答案】一場(chǎng)大火周六吞沒(méi)了云南香格里拉一個(gè)古老的藏族小鎮(zhèn)，引起專(zhuān)家呼吁在全國(guó)歷史地段加強(qiáng)消防安全。大火周六凌晨開(kāi)始，持續(xù)了大約12小時(shí)，摧毀了迪慶藏族自治州首府香格里拉藏族古鎮(zhèn)獨(dú)克宗的242棟房屋。獨(dú)克宗鎮(zhèn)是中國(guó)藏區(qū)規(guī)模最大、保存最完好的藏族聚居區(qū)。它也是茶馬古道的重要一站，也是漢藏交流的中心。

5.單選題

Allofthosepresentatthemeetingconsideredthecombinationoftheorywithpracticeas（

）greatimportance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.very

C.to

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】句意:出席會(huì)議的那些人都認(rèn)為理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合非常重要。

考查固定搭配。beof+名詞=be+名詞同源的形容詞形式。因此Beofimportance=beimportant。

6.單選題

Oneoftherequirementsforthemasterdegreeisthatstudents（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.oughttopassoraldefense

B.passoraldefense

C.needpassoraldefense

D.aretopassoraldefense

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句子主語(yǔ)是requirement,suggestion,advice,order等詞，后面的表語(yǔ)從句中要用到虛擬語(yǔ)氣：should+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。這里should可以省略，句意為，對(duì)于碩士學(xué)位的要求之一是：學(xué)生應(yīng)該通過(guò)論文答辯。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，B最符合題意。

7.單選題

Scienceisbasedonexperiment，onawillingnessto（）olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.convert

C.challenge

D.formulate

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。encounter“偶然遇見(jiàn)”；convert“轉(zhuǎn)換”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；formulate“規(guī)劃”。句意：科學(xué)是基于實(shí)驗(yàn)的，愿意去挑戰(zhàn)老教條，以開(kāi)放的眼光去探求宇宙的本質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoulthequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweakness:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountistheauthentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject:thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,theunauthorized’characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveralauthentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotellthe”storyoflife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandtreatsthesubjectwithfairnessandobjectivity

D.knowsthesubjectsverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubject’slives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject.

C.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.

D.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders

C.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject'sprivatelife

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject'scharacter

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

B.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicofdifferentkindsofbiographies.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.”要想成功，作家必須意識(shí)到這些，并根據(jù)主題對(duì)它們進(jìn)行評(píng)估，選好相應(yīng)的位置。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive...”當(dāng)他們的主人公是英雄或著名人物時(shí)，傳記往往透露出一種民主動(dòng)機(jī)。這與第二段的最后一句相呼應(yīng)。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell‘the’storyoflife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.”沒(méi)有人能夠講述“生命的故事，甚至可能連主題都沒(méi)有，傳記的歷史已經(jīng)證明了這一點(diǎn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“'Unauthorized'biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.”未經(jīng)授權(quán)的傳記也有其吸引力，因?yàn)樗鼈兡鼙砻鱾饔涀髡咚枷氲莫?dú)立性。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.這篇文章主要是描述傳記作者很難找到合適的視角來(lái)完成他的工作。選項(xiàng)B更符合主題

9.單選題

Fundamentally,incomedisparitydescribestwodisparategroups:richandpoor.Itishardlynewsthatthericharegettingricher.Theunderlyingstoryisafamiliarone:thewealthiesthouseholdsownthemostassets,namelystocks,andassetpriceshaverisenataferociouspaceinrecentyears.Beyondthestandardexplanation,itisalsothecasethattheemergenceoftechnology,risingproductivity,andanexpandingglobalmarkethavebroughtforthanewupperclassamongcorporations.Thesenewlywealthyfirmspayskilledemployeeswellandinanever-tighterlabormarket,theyareforcedtoconstantlysweetentheiremployees’compensation.

Thentherearethepoor,whereconditionsarealittlemurky.Fallingunemployment,anecdotalevidenceofrisingstartingwagesforlow-levelservicejobs,andtherelativenon-eventofwelfarereformsofarsuggestthatconditionsatthelowendareimproving.Yetatthesametime,wholecommunitiesundersiegebycrimeandhopelessnesscannotbeignored.

Thatsaid,incomeinequalityasablanketindictmentonoureconomicsystemdoesnotfly.Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine.Theabilitytosomedayearnmore,toliveatahigherstandard,iswhatgetspeopleoutofbedinthemorning,particularlyinourconsumer-orientedeconomy.Incomedisparityonlybecomesaproblemifitwidenstotheextentthatthelaborforcebelievesthatgreaterwealthcanonlybeachievedbythealreadywealthy.

Indeed,itisunreasonabletostatethatincomedisparityiserodingthelaborforce’swilltoimproveproductivityandmoveahead.Increasinglaborforceparticipation,recordhomeownership,surgingconsumerconfidenceandspending,near-recordlevelsofimmigration,andurbanrenewalareallanecdotalevidencethathopesarehigh.AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring.

Sowhyaretherestillverypoorhouseholdsinthiscountry?Therearemanyreasons.Oureconomyisshiftingtowardstheproductionofhighervaluegoodsandservices.Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly.TherehasalsobeenarecentsurgeofimmigrationintotheU.S.Manymigrantstothiscountry,particularlythosewhoareunskilledorlanguagechallenged,requiretimetobeabsorbedintooureconomy.Ifskillsarelacking,itmaytakeagenerationortwotomoveahead.

Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich.Oneofthefundamentalsofeconomicsisthatonedecideshowhardtowork,wheretowork,andwhatriskstotake.Monetarywealthisnotthesolemeansofmaximizingutility.Eachpersonhasafinitelifespanandfiniteabilities;itisuptotheindividualtoapplythoseastheyseefit.Thewealthygettingwealthierisnotalwaysevidencetoothersthattheythemselvesarefallingbehind.

1.Intheauthor’scountry,（）maybenefitfromthedevelopmentofitseconomy.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

3.Theauthorbelievesthatincomedisparitywill（）.

4.Themainideapresentedinthelastparagraphisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thewealthyratherthanthepoor

B.alltheimmigrants

C.onlyskilledemployees

D.allthepeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Everypersonwantstobecomerich.

B.Unskilledpeopletendtobepoor.

C.Mostimmigrantsareverypoor.

D.Thewealthyisgettingwealthier

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.begraduallynarrowed

B.disappearsoonerorlater

C.persistaseverbefore

D.bemoreandmorewidened

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.noteverypersoniswillingtobecomeaswealthyaspossible

B.whatapersonpursuesintheworldisnotmonetarywealth

C.eachindividualknowsexactlywhathisultimategoalis

D.itisunderstandableforthewealthytogetwealthier

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在作者的國(guó)家，哪類(lèi)人受益于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展？”文章第四段最后一句話(huà)提到“所有人都在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)展”(AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomy)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“下列哪個(gè)表述是正確的？”文章第五段提到“非技術(shù)勞動(dòng)力的償付水平與以前不同了……”（Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly），選項(xiàng)B“非技術(shù)人員傾向貧窮”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者認(rèn)為收入差距將……”。文章第三段第一句話(huà)提到“收入差距是驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)引擎的汽油”（Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine），因此它不可能消失，所以選項(xiàng)C“一直存在”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)的是“最后一段的主要思想是什么？”文章最后一段第一句提到變得富有并不是每個(gè)人的最終目標(biāo)（Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Itisimportantthatthehotelreceptionist（）thatguestsareregisteredcorrectly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasmadesure

B.madesure

C.mustmakesure

D.makesure

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Itisimportantthat...句式中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中的should通常省略。因此A、B、C的表達(dá)是錯(cuò)誤的，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

I’msureheisuptothejob（

）hewouldgivehismindtoit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ifonly

B.until

C.incase

D.unless

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)ifonly“如果”；B選項(xiàng)until“直到……才”；C選項(xiàng)incase“萬(wàn)一”；D選項(xiàng)unless“除非”。根據(jù)從句意思“只要他用心，他是能勝任這份工作的”，可知空格部分表示意思是“假如，如果”，句意為：我相信只要他用心，他是能勝任這份工作的。故正確答案選A。

12.單選題

Unfortunately,hisdamagingattacksontheramificationsoftheeconomicpolicyhavebeen（）byhiswholeheartedacceptanceofthatpolicy’sunderlyingassumptions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplemented

B.undermined

C.redeemed

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：不幸的是，他對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策基本假設(shè)的衷心接受

了他之前對(duì)其分支的猛烈抨擊。supplemented增補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充；undermined破壞，削弱；redeemed救贖，贖回，彌補(bǔ)；di-verted呼叫轉(zhuǎn)移，釋放。選項(xiàng)B“破壞”符合句意。

13.單選題

IV.CriminalLaw

Threatstonationalsecurityandpublicsafety,whetherrealorperceived,resultinanatmosphereconducivetotheabuseofcivilliberties.Historyislitteredwithexamples:TheAlienandSeditionActsof1798,thesuspensionofhabeascorpusduringtheCivilWar,thePalmerRaidsduringWorldWarI,andMcCarthyismintheaftermathofWorldWarII.

Unfortunately,thepost-9/11worldrepresentsnodeparturefromthisage-oldtrend.Evidenceofpost-9/11tensionbetweennationalsecurityandcivillibertiesisseenintheheightenedregulationofphotography;scholarshavelabeleditthe“WaronPhotography”—aconflictbetweenlawenforcementofficialsandphotographersovertherighttotakepicturesinpublicplaces.Inmanycases,policeofficersandprivatesecurityguardshaveinvokedblanketnotionsof“nationalsecurity”toprohibitthepressandprivatephotographersfromtakingpicturesofstructuresthatareinplainviewofthegeneralpublic.Inothercases,lawenforcementofficialshaveusedbroadlywordedcriminalstatutessuchas“obstructionofjustice”or“interferingwithapoliceofficer”toprohibitthepressandprivatephotographersfromtakingpartinwhatisconstitutionallyprotectedbehavior.AsimpleGooglesearchrevealscountlessincidentsofoverzealouslawenforcementofficialsdetainingorarrestingphotographersand,inmanycases,confiscatingtheircamerasandmemorycards,despitethefactthattheseindividualswereinlawfulplaces,atlawfultimes,partakinginlawfulactivities.

Foratleasttworeasons,theargumentthattheheightenedregulationoftherighttotakepicturesinpublicplacesenhancesnationalsecurityorpublicsafetyisdeeplyflawed.

First,theprevailingevidenceindicatesthattheperpetratorsofpastterroristattacksneverphotographedtheirtargets.Whywouldtheyneedto,afterall?TheInternetandmoderntechnologyhavemadeitpossibletoobtainpicturesofmoststructures,especiallyoneslocatedinurbanareas,withtheclickofamouse.Forexample,GoogleEarthprovidesimagesofalmostanyaddressinthecountryfromavarietyofdistancesandangles.

Second,evenifterroristsdidphotographtheirtargets,itwouldbetotallyimpracticaltotrytostopthem.QuestioningforthepurposeofidentifyingpotentialterroristspersonstakingpicturesoftheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCityortheWhiteHouseinWashington,D.C.,makeslesssensethantryingtofindaneedleinahaystack,because,chancesare,theneedledoesnotexist.

1.Theauthorusestheexamplesinthefirstparagraphtoshowthat___.

2.Whichofthefollowingdescribes“WaronPhotography”mostproperly?

3.ThereasonsusedbylawenforcementofficialstoprohibitpeoplefromtakingpicturesofstructuresthatareinthegeneralpublicDONOTinclude___.

4.Theauthorthinksthattoprohibittakingpicturesinpublicplacesenhancesnationalsecurityorpublicsafetyisdeeplyflawed.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareason?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.duringtheCivilWarhabeascorpuswassuspended

B.aftertheWorldWarIItherewasforaperiodoftimeMcCarthyism

C.theAlienandSeditionActswasadoptedin1798

D.nationalsecurityandpublicsafetymaycauseanatmosphereencouragingtheabuseofcivilliberties

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisawarbetweenlawenforcementofficialsandphotographers.

B.Itisthetensionbetweennationalsecurityandcivilliberties.

C.Itisafightbetweenpolicemenandphotographersovertherighttotakepicturesinpublicplaces.

D.Itisadeparturefromtheage-oldtrend.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nationalsecurity

B.overzealousnessoflawenforcementofficials

C.obstructionofjustice

D.interferingwithapoliceofficer

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tofindoutpotentialterroristsisliketryingtofindaneedleinahaystack.

B.Theperpetratorsofpastterroristattacksneverphotographedtheirtargets.

C.Thereisnoneedtotakepicturesbecausemoderntechnologyhasmadeitpossibletoobtainpicturesofmoststructures,withtheclickofamouse.

D.Itisdifficulttryingtofindoutthepurposeoftakingpictures.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段Threatstonationalsecurityandpublicsafety,whetherrealorperceived,resultinanatmosphereconducivetotheabuseofcivilliberties.Historyislitteredwithexamples:TheAlienandSeditionActsof1798,thesuspensionofhabeascorpusduringtheCivilWar,thePalmerRaidsduringWorldWarI,andMcCarthyismintheaftermathofWorldWarII.（對(duì)國(guó)家安全和公共安全的威脅，無(wú)論是真實(shí)的或感覺(jué)的，都會(huì)導(dǎo)致一種有利于濫用公民自由的氣氛。歷史上這樣的例子不勝枚舉：1798年的《外國(guó)人和煽動(dòng)叛亂法》、內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間暫停人身保護(hù)令、一戰(zhàn)期間的帕爾默突襲，以及二戰(zhàn)后的麥卡錫主義）可知選D選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家安全和公共安全可能會(huì)造成鼓勵(lì)濫用公民自由的氣氛”；A選項(xiàng)“在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間，人身保護(hù)令被暫停”，B選項(xiàng)“第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后有一段時(shí)間是麥卡錫主義”以及C選項(xiàng)“《外國(guó)人和煽動(dòng)叛亂法》于1798年通過(guò)”都是舉例的內(nèi)容。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“WaronPhotography”定位到原文第二段scholarshavelabeleditthe“WaronPhotography”—aconflictbetweenlawenforcementofficialsandphotographersovertherighttotakepicturesinpublicplaces.（學(xué)者們稱(chēng)之為“攝影之戰(zhàn)”，指的是執(zhí)法人員和攝影師在公共場(chǎng)所拍照權(quán)問(wèn)題上的沖突）可知選A選項(xiàng)“這是一場(chǎng)執(zhí)法官員和攝影師之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”，同時(shí)可知C選項(xiàng)“這是警察和攝影師在公共場(chǎng)所拍照權(quán)問(wèn)題上的一場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)”錯(cuò)誤，執(zhí)法人員并不是只有警察；B選項(xiàng)“這是國(guó)家安全和公民自由之間的緊張關(guān)系”在原文中未提及；根據(jù)第二段第一句Unfortunately,thepost-9/11worldrepresentsnodeparturefromthisage-oldtrend.（不幸的是，9/11后的世界并沒(méi)有背離這一古老的趨勢(shì)）可知D選項(xiàng)“它背離了古老的趨勢(shì)”和原文相悖。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段AsimpleGooglesearchrevealscountlessincidentsofoverzealouslawenforcementofficialsdetainingorarrestingphotographersand,inmanycases（一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的谷歌搜索就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)數(shù)的過(guò)分熱情的執(zhí)法人員拘留或逮捕攝影師的事件）可知B選項(xiàng)“執(zhí)法人員過(guò)于熱心”并不是執(zhí)法人員禁止人們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)所拍攝建筑物的原因；根據(jù)第二段Inmanycases,policeofficersandprivatesecurityguardshaveinvokedblanketnotionsof“nationalsecurity”toprohibitthepressandprivatephotographersfromtakingpicturesofstructuresthatareinplainviewofthegeneralpublic.（在很多情況下，警察和私人保安會(huì)援引“國(guó)家安全”的籠統(tǒng)概念來(lái)禁止媒體和私人攝影師拍攝公眾視野范圍內(nèi)的建筑物）可知A選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家安全”符合原文；根據(jù)第二段Inothercases,lawenforcementofficialshaveusedbroadlywordedcriminalstatutessuchas“obstructionofjustice”or“interferingwithapoliceofficer”toprohibitthepressandprivatephotographersfromtakingpartinwhatisconstitutionallyprotectedbehavior.（在其他案件中，執(zhí)法官員使用“妨礙司法公正”或“干擾警察”等措辭寬泛的刑事法規(guī)，來(lái)禁止媒體和私人攝影師參與受憲法保護(hù)的行為）可知C選項(xiàng)“妨礙司法”，D選項(xiàng)“干擾警察”符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文定位到最后一段QuestioningforthepurposeofidentifyingpotentialterroristspersonstakingpicturesoftheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCityortheWhiteHouseinWashington,D.C.,makeslesssensethantryingtofindaneedleinahaystack,because,chancesare,theneedledoesnotexist.（為了識(shí)別拍攝紐約帝國(guó)大廈或華盛頓白宮的潛在恐怖分子而進(jìn)行詢(xún)問(wèn)，比大海撈針更沒(méi)有意義，因?yàn)楹苡锌赡埽樃静淮嬖冢┛芍狝選項(xiàng)“要找出潛在的恐怖分子就像大海撈針”和原文相符；根據(jù)第四段First,theprevailingevidenceindicatesthattheperpetratorsofpastterroristattacksneverphotographedtheirtargets…TheInternetandmoderntechnologyhavemadeitpossibletoobtainpicturesofmoststructures,especiallyoneslocatedinurbanareas,withtheclickofamouse.（首先，現(xiàn)有證據(jù)表明，過(guò)去恐怖襲擊的肇事者從未拍攝過(guò)襲擊目標(biāo)的照片……互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)使人們可以用鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊獲得大多數(shù)建筑物的圖片，特別是位于城市地區(qū)的建筑物）可知B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去的恐怖襲擊的肇事者從來(lái)沒(méi)有拍攝過(guò)他們的目標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“不需要拍照，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)使大多數(shù)建筑物的照片成為可能，只需點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)”符合原文；D選項(xiàng)“試圖找出拍照的目的是困難的”原文未提及。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

WheatyieldinEuropeishighlysensitivetonaturalvariabilityintemperatureandrainfall.Inthesesimulations,climatechangealoneby2050resultsinsignificantincreasesinyieldunderbothscenariosonlyinthreenorthernEuropeancountries.ButaddingestimatedeffectsofhigherCO2concentrationsonplantgrowthincreasesthatyieldsconsiderably,withyieldincreasesnowbeingsignificantinallofthetencountriesincludedinthestudy.WhethersuchincreasesduetohigherCO2concentrationwouldactuallyberealizedisuncertain,becauseofproblemsinextrapolatingfromidealizedlaboratoryandmodelingresultstofieldconditions.

Theclearmessageofthisworkisthatgreatereffortsareneededtotakeaccountofthe“noise”ofnaturalclimatevariabilitywhenconsideringthe“signal”ofclimatechange.Inparticular,caremustbetakenininterpretingtheresultsofimpactassessments,especiallythosewhichuseclimatesimulationsovershortperiodsonly.

Muchmoreremainstobedone.Forexample,theuseofsimulatedmonthlyclimatedatabyHulmeetal,evenwheninterpolatedtodailydatabystatisticalmethods,leavesopenthepossibilityofsystematicchangesinday-to-dayvariabilityandextremesduetoclimatechange.Thesecouldwelldominatetheeffectsofclimatechangeonbothriverflowandwheatyield.Takingthemintoaccountwillrequiretheanalysisofdailyoutputfromtheclimatemodels,especiallyatfinespatialresolution.

Moreimportantly,inunderstandingthemessagefromHulmeetal,weneedtodistinguishbetweenconfidencelevelsusedforthedetectabilityofsimulatedorreali